Operating the K15
MMT
Platform
4 Mainframe
0 cPCI bus with 5 slots for interface cards
0 Housing with PC board, PENTIUM M 1.8 GHz, 2 GB RAM
0 2 HDD: 60 GB and 500 GB
0 TFT 15” color (1024x768)
0
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0 Integrated Key Board, Touch-pad
0 4 LAN Ethernet 10/100/1000 support
0 4 USB 2.0
0 RS-232, DVI-I
0 Sound capabilities (Speaker Out, Line In, Mic In)
0 Windows XP Embedded Operating System
2
Interface Boards
4 Single slot boards (PowerWAN and PowerWAN Light)
04 x E1/T1/J1 PCM links* (PWL)
08 x E1/T1/J1 PCM links* (PW)
04 x E1/T1/J1 PCM links* + 2 x 10/100 Mbit/s fastEthernet links (PWL)
4 Double slot boards (PCE-2)
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4 Double slot boards (PCE-2)
0Each board can be equipped with either 1 or 2 LIF modules
0Any combination of available LIF modules can be used
4 4 x E1/T1/J1 ATM links*
4 2 x STM-1/OC3 optical links*
0HSL (ATM) support
0 IMA (Inverse Multiplex over ATM) support
* bi-directional links
3
Basic Features
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Hardware Configuration (1)
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5
Hardware Configuration (2)
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6
Hardware ConfigurationATM STM-1 Port
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7
Hardware ConfigurationATM E1/DS1 Port
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8
Monitoring Measurement Scenarios on K15
OnlineOnline
Processing elementsProcessing elements
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OfflineOffline
•• playback record fileplayback record file
OfflineOffline
•• record viewerrecord viewer
9
Setup Logical Links
… is a channel that establishes an logical assignment between
the hardware and a specific protocol stack
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Logical Links
10
Setup HSL Link
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11
Setup GPRS Gb Link (1)
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12
Setup GPRS Gb Link (1)
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13
Setup GPRS Gb Link (2)
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14
Setup GPRS Gb Link (2)
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15
Setup Ethernet Link
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16
Setup Ethernet Link
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17
Setup Ethernet Link
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18
Setup Ethernet Link
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19
Setup ATM Link (1)
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20
Setup ATM Link (1)
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21
Setup ATM Link (1)
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22
Setup ATM Link for IuUP Interface (2)
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23
Setup ATM Link for IuUP Interface (2)
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24
Setup ATM Link for Iub Interface (3)
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25
Setup ATM Link for Iub Interface (3)
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26
Setup ATM Link for Iub Interface (3)
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27
4 Internal Stream-to-disk
0 Up to 20 Mbit/s without decoding
0 Up to 8 Mbit/s while running UMTS real-time multi-interface call trace applications
Stream to Disk Data Collection
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4External Mass storage expansion
0 SCSI connection to an external mass storage system
0 Ethernet connection to a local server
28
Stream to Disk Data Collection
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29
Stream to Disk Data Collection
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30
Stream to Disk Data Collection
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31
Stream to Disk Data Collection
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32
Monitor
4 Overview of data flow shows if there is any message missing
4 Detailed decoding of dataflow shows, if all parameters are
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if all parameters are correct and available
4 Latest protocol implementations, even Features can be shown in mnemonic
33
Support Protocols
4 Transport Narrowband
4 Transport SCCP
4 Transport Package Data
4 Transport Broadband
4 TUP/ISUP
4 GSM and PCS
4 GPRS
4 UMTS
4 CDMA and CDMA2000
4 HSL
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4 Intelligent Network 4 IP
34
Column Configuration
4Customize Shortview column settings
4Save column
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4Save column configuration
4Different timestamp formats for date/timestamp display available
35
Short Column Configuration
4 Free configuration of Shortview
4 Add each single parameter from Frameview with a key- or mouse
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a key- or mouse click
36
Filter (1)
4Powerful Filter and Search
0Links
0Protocols, Messages and Parameters
0Error Events
0Frame Type
0
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0Timestamp / Length
37
Filter (1)Filter By Link
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38
Filter (2)Protocol Filter
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39
Filter (3)Advanced Protocol Filter
4 Definition of logical OR / AND relations between protocol filter expressions
0 In addition “Expert Mode” is available
4 User Assistance by intelligent selection of configured list items
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40
Filter (4)Filter By Error Event
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41
Filter (5)Filter By Frame Type
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42
Filter (6)Filter By Timestamp / Length
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43
Triggers (1)
4 Detect weaknesses, e.g.
0protocol decoding
0error messages in release causes
0 forbidden messages
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4 Announce them to the user
0popping up message box
0start action, e.g creation of a recording
44
Trigger (2)
4 “Record with prolog and epilog”(define kb size of frames to record before/after event; Trigger enables recording; ability to record multiple trigger-events, in case trigger condition occurs multiple times)
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– “Recurring Trigger Events”(i.e. daily or weekly trigger setting, perform special actions multiple times)
45
Protocol Help
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46
Protocol Stack Editor
4Add, delete, configure
protocols in stack
4“Stack View”
displays the stack
structure: items
(protocols) and their
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(protocols) and their
relations
4“Layer View”
displays parameter
information on
selected protocols
47
Single Parameter Relation
MMT
48
Multiple Parameter Relation
Multiple parameter relations are needed for the use of some Layer Specific
Applications (LSA) and to combine several parameter relations to one
condition.
Likewise all other relations the multiple parameter relation will be set or
modified in the Protocol Setup Dialog.
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49
Multiple Parameter Relation
After changing the type of relation to Multiple Parameter the user can edit the relation string in an extra edit Multiple Parameter Relation dialog*
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* The user can obtain a detailed description and hints about the syntax of the relation string
from the online help. The feature is designed for advanced user only.
50
NTP Time Stamp Synchronization
4 NTP server
0mounted on one instrument (e.g. instrument Chicago 1)
0 installed anywhere (e.g. server in Dallas)
4 Automatic synchronization
NTP sync
LAN/WAN
NTP sync
LAN/WANDallas
Chicago 2HLR
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synchronization
0each instrument synchs with the NTP server
0+/- 10ms accuracy within a LAN/WAN*
*Assuming the LAN/WAN guarantees
network jitter lower than 3ms
GGSNSGSN
InternetInternet
Uu
Node B
RNC
Chicago 1
51
Supports GPS Time Stamp Synchronization
4 K15 supports GPS synchronization
0Provides time stamp accuracy better that +/- 1 ms
0GPS antenna and cabling are supplied
0Enhanced time stamp accuracy for time sensitive measurement
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GPS GPS
52
NTP - Service Configuration
MMT
53
Recording File Merge
4 Merge multiple RF5 recordings collected from several K15
0To perform off-line analysis
0To perform multi-site analysis
LAN/WANLAN/WANDallas
Chicago 2
HLR
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analysis
GGSNSGSN
InternetInternet
Uu
RNC
HLR
Chicago 1
54
Recording File Merge
4 Merge MULTIPLE Files from different sources or units
4 Merge them with TIMESTAMP OFFSET
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55
Applications (1)
4 Abis Monitor
0 Analyze mobile networks
4 BHCA
0 Determination of busy hours
4 Call Monitor
0 Generation of connection statistics
4 CallTrace / Sequencer
4 Count All Messages
0 Classify/counts received messages sorted according to protocols
4 Erlang Traffic Measurement
0 Measurement of signaling load on logical links
4 Statistics
0 Classify/count received signaling on basis
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CallTrace / Sequencer
0 Tracing of Specific Calls / Transactions
4 Multi Interface Call Trace (MICT)
0 Classify/count received signaling on basis of different criteria
0 Graphical and alphanumerical evaluation
4 Timeslot Audio Extraction
56
Applications (2)
Run two applications in one pipeline
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4 select data belonging to a special group of calls (like Calltrace / Sequencer)
4 then do some statistics or run other applications based on this “presorted” data
4 free in configuration
57
Tracing of Specific Calls / Transactions
4 “Zoom” into related messages by pressing one button
4 Tracing calls
0complete or partial call informationas criteria e.g. CalledNo, IMSI, TMSI, IMEI
0 trace calls for certain release causes
4 Available for
0SS#7
0 ISUP
0TUP
0 INAP
0
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4 Sorting of messages by Sequencer 0Gx
– A
– Abis
– MAP
– IS41
58
CallTrace / Sequencer (1)
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59
CallTrace / Sequencer (2)
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60
CDR Application
4Record detailed call information (i.e. called / calling party number, duration of the call, Hold Time, Wait Time, Response Time, …)
4 integrated in calltrace application
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4 integrated in calltrace application
4writes results into a CSV file (easy import into i.e. MS Excel) for post processing
4 available for ISUP (other interfaces in development)
61
CDR Viewer
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62
Multi Interfaces CallTrace (1)
MMT
4 Select the call trace types in the Scenario Configuration
4 Click from the auto-detected logical links the relevant protocols stacks
63
Multi Interfaces CallTrace (2)
Status Reports
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4 Input search criteria also by using wildcards
4 Up-to-date Status Reports on all calls and calls from each tested interface separately
64
Multi Interfaces CallTrace (3)
Allowed search parameters are:- IMSI (Gr, Gb, Gn)
- P-TMSI (Abis, Gb)
- TLLI (Abis, Gb)
- IMEI (Gb, Gr)
- MSISDN (Gn, Gr)
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- MSISDN (Gn, Gr)
- MSRN (Gr)
- Handset IP Address (Gb, Gn)
- Destination IP Address (Gb, Gn)
Wildcard * can be used to search for a range of parameters
If signalling parameters that identify the subscriber change while the session is in progress, correlation is carried out automatically.
65
Multi Interfaces CallTrace (4)
Drill down from the “Overview Window” to the “Arrow Diagram” and to the “Monitoring Window”
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* This is a GPRS example
66
Multi Interface CallTrace (5)
CDMA2000
4 A1, A10/A11
UMTS
4 Iub, Iu-CS, Iu-PS, Gr
The Multi Interface Call/Transaction Trace support several scenarios and several technologies
MMT
GSM/SS7
4 ISUP, INAP
GPRS/EDGE
4 Abis, A, Gb, Gr, Gn/Gp
e.g. Up to 4000 calls on Iub can be tracedsimultaneously in real-time
67
Single Interface CallTrace
CDMAone/CDMA2000UMTS
The same graphical environment is also available for Single Interface Call/Procedure Trace for the following interfaces and the following technologies
MMT
CDMAone/CDMA2000
4 A1, A10/A11, IS-41 MAP
GSM/SS7
4 A, MAP, ISUP, INAP
UMTS
4 Iub, Iu-CS, Iu-PS
GPRS/EDGE
4 Abis, Gb, Gr, Gn/Gp
68
Statistics for Various Purposes
4 50 useruser--defineddefinedcounters
4Graphical presentation
4Counters defined by
0protocols
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0protocols
0messages
0parameters
0limits
4 Import results in i.e. Excel, Dbase or Access
69
Statistics (1)
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70
Statistics (2)
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71
Abis Monitor (1)
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72
Abis Monitor (2)
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73
Busy Hour Call Attempt
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74
Call Data
4Application “Call Monitor”
0Average call time
0Average conversation time
0Average call setup time
0Number of successful / non successful calls
0Percentage of successful calls
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0Percentage of successful calls
0Counter for each release cause
0Writes CSV files
4export into various applications for graphical statistics
75
Count All
MMT
76
Erlang Measurement
MMT
77
Timeslot Audio Extraction
MMT
78
Offline Analysis Software
44Powerful offline post processing of recorded data on Powerful offline post processing of recorded data on your office PC !your office PC !
44AnalyzeAnalyze and playbackplayback K1103, K1205, K1297 and K15 recording files
44Full functionalityFull functionality as on a K15
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44Full functionalityFull functionality as on a K15
44AllAll applications and statistics are available
44Triggers and FiltersTriggers and Filters
4Runs only with Windows SP / Windows 2000
79
Recording File Viewer for PC’s
44Offline AnalysisOffline Analysis of recorded data on your office PC !of recorded data on your office PC !
44AnalyzeAnalyze K1103, K1205, K1297 and K15 recordings
44Powerful Powerful filter functions are available
4Runs on Windows SP, 2000
MMT
4Some Features
0Protocol stack editor
0Complete search and filtering possibilities
0Filter and filter templates creation offline for use in K15
0Zooming as with K15
80
GPRS MonitoringFeatures and Applications
MMT
GPRS / EDGE
4 All interfaces available
0Gb-, Gn-, Gi-, Gs-, Gr-, Gf-, Gc-, Gd-, Ga- interface
4 Monitoring of GPRS Abis
0Alcatel, Ericsson, Lucent, Motorola, Nokia, Nortel, Siemens
4 Realtime Call Traces
0Gb
MMT
0Gb
0Gn/Gp
0Gr/Gc
0Parameters for selection
4 IMSI / MSISDN / MSRN / IMEI / TMSI / IP Address / Cause Value
4 Fractional / Unchannelized Mode implemented
4 Software for all actual SMG and 3GPP versions, incl. manufacturer specific Abis packages
82
GPRS / EDGE
4GPRS Gb Analyzer
4GERAN Multimedia Services (Multi vendor EDGE Abis protocol suite)
4GPRS MM/SM Statistics
4Service Profile Statistics
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4Service Profile Statistics
4Gb Deciphering Solution
4RLC/MAC Reassembling
4SNDCP Reassembling on Gb
4GPRS File Mutator
83
GPRS Gb Analyzer
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GPRS Gb Analyzer
GPRS Gb Analyzer - What for?
4Monitoring and analysis of actual subscriber activities and crucial QoS parameters at the Gb-interface
4Obtaining valuable information on GMM, SM procedures, QoS parameters and service usage
MMT
4Troubleshooting at the Gb-interface
(e.g. based on detected failed GMM, SM procedures)
85
GPRS Gb Analyzer - So what?
4 Identify and analyze problems (e.g. caused by subscriber activities) easily and rapidly
4Enable analysis of network performance
4Understand how and which services are used
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4Understand how and which services are used
4Cost-effective application for K12 users
86
GPRS Gb Analyzer - Features (1)
4 Displays important information for thousands of GPRS sessions
(e.g. IMSI, P-TMSI, current state, Attach type, …)
4 Displays and stores statistical output in tabulated format
4 Measures signaling performance
4 Monitors and analyzes important QoS parameter (e.g.
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4 Monitors and analyzes important QoS parameter (e.g. requested vs. negotiated vs. actual)
4 Evaluates service usage and their duration
4 Operates Online and Offline
4 Is part of K12xx basic SW
87
GPRS Gb Analyzer - Features (2)
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88
GPRS Gb Analyzer - Features (2)
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89
GPRS Gb Analyzer - Features (2)
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90
GPRS Gb Analyzer - Features (3)
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91
GPRS Gb Analyzer - Features (4)
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92
GPRS Gb Analyzer - Features (5)
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93
GPRS Gb Analyzer - Features (5)
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94
GPRS Gb Analyzer - Features (5)
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95
GPRS Gb Analyzer - Features (5)
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96
GPRS Gb Analyzer - Features (6)
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97
GPRS Gb Analyzer - Features (7)
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98
GPRS Gb Analyzer - Features (7)
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99
GPRS Gb Analyzer - Features (8)
Available Statistics
MMT
100
EDGESiemens, Ericsson, Nokia, Nortel, Alcatel Abis support
Timeslot allocation on Abis EDGE interface is carried out dynamically.
The universal decoder tracks every timeslot allocation and decodes its content automatically.
4Autoconfiguration
4Semi automatic configuration, Tracking and Decoding
0Based on the so called Universal Decoder
MMT
0Based on the so called Universal Decoder
0Supported Siemens and Ericsson
4Manual configuration and Decoding
0Supported for Nokia 10.5, Alcatel B8, Nortel V.14, V.15
The Abis Autoconfiguration and Universal Decoder reduces the overhead time needed to configure the instrument.
101
Abis protocols support
4 Nokia
0GSM/GPRS/EDGE (S11, S11.5)
4 Ericsson
0GSM/GPRS/EDGE (R8,R9,R9.1,R10,R11,R12)
4 Siemens
0GSM/GPRS/EDGE (BR4.5 … BR9.0)
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4 Alcatel
0GSM/GPRS/EDGE (B7, B7.2, B8)
4 Nortel
0GSM/GPRS/EDGE (V14.x, V15.x, V16)
4 Motorola
0GSM/GPRS (1.6.2x7, 1.7.0x3)
102
Abis Autoconfiguration (1)
4Siemens (BR 9.0, 8.0, 7.0)
4Nortel (V16)
4Nokia (S11.5, S11)
4Ericsson (R12, R11, R10, R9.1, R9)
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103
Abis Autoconfiguration (2)
MMT
104
Abis Autoconfiguration (2)
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105
Abis Autoconfiguration (3)
Start
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106
Abis Autoconfiguration (4)
Summary
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107
Abis Autoconfiguration (5)
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108
Universal Decoder (1)
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109
Universal Decoder (2)
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110
Universal Decoder (3)
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111
Universal Decoder (4)
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112
GPRS MM/SM Statistics (1)
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113
GPRS MM/SM Statistics (2)
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114
GPRS Deciphering Solution
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GPRS Deciphering Solution
… is intended as a secure transmission of data over … is intended as a secure transmission of data over thetheair interfaceair interface
… is performed between SGSN and MS through the … is performed between SGSN and MS through the GPRS encryption algorithm (GEA/x). As of GPRS encryption algorithm (GEA/x). As of Release Release 98 98 only GEA/only GEA/1 1 is available.is available.
Ciphering in GPRS networks ...
MMT
Release Release 98 98 only GEA/only GEA/1 1 is available.is available.
… is applied to signaling data and payload.… is applied to signaling data and payload.
… is one task of protocol layer LLC … is one task of protocol layer LLC (GSM (GSM 0404..6464))
… is mandatory for GPRS terminals… is mandatory for GPRS terminals
116
GEA/xGEA/xGEA/xGEA/x
GPRS Ciphering - Methodology
Kc
Input Direction
Unciphered DecipheredCiphered
Kc
Input Direction
OutputOutput
MMT
Unciphered
Frame
Deciphered
FrameCiphered
Frame
MS or SGSN SGSN or MS
4 GPRS Encryption Algorithm (GEA/x) has three input parameters:
0Ciphering Key Kc
0Transfer direction
0Frame dependent input variable
117
Deciphering in GPRS networks
Kc
Direction Bit (0/1)
For I- and S- Frames
4 F{ IOV and N(S)}
For UI-Frame
4 F{IOV and N(u)}
GEAx
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Data FieldFCS HeadEncrypted Bits Head
Cipher Sequence
4 F{IOV and N(u)}
Data Flow
118
4Deciphering on Gb- Interface
0Three operation modes
4Full Automatic Mode
Automatic recognition of up to 1000 IMSIs and their corresponding Kc values at the same time.
4Half Automatic Mode
4Deciphering on Gb- Interface
0Three operation modes
4Full Automatic Mode
Automatic recognition of up to 1000 IMSIs and their corresponding Kc values at the same time.
4Half Automatic Mode
GPRS Deciphering Solution on K15 (1)
MMT
4Half Automatic Mode
Automatic recognition of all Kc values after manual input of up to 1000 IMSIs.
4Manual Mode
Manual input of up to 1000 IMSIs and their corresponding Kc values.
0Support of GEA1 and GEA2
0Online (and Offline)
4Half Automatic Mode
Automatic recognition of all Kc values after manual input of up to 1000 IMSIs.
4Manual Mode
Manual input of up to 1000 IMSIs and their corresponding Kc values.
0Support of GEA1 and GEA2
0Online (and Offline)
119
GbGb
GrGr
SGSNSGSN
HLRHLR
BSS/BSS/PCUPCU
Encryption
Enciphered messages on Gb
GPRS Deciphering Solution on K15 (2)
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KK12051205
120
Enciphered messages on GbDeciphered messages on Gb GbGb
GrGr
SGSNSGSN
HLRHLR
BSS/BSS/PCUPCU
Encryption
GPRS Deciphering Solution on K15 (3)
MMT
KK12051205
Decipher
121
GPRS Deciphering Solution on K15 (4)
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122
K12xx RLC/MAC reassembling
MMT
K12xx RLC/MAC reassembling
K15 RLC/MAC reassembling - What for?
4Pick up frames that are cut into slices of different sizes dependent on the coding scheme and assemble them to the original frame (LLC and RLC control)
SNDCP GMM,SM SMS
LLCHeader Data
MMT
Reassembler
RLC
MAC
GSM RF (PCU Frames)
SNDCP GMM,SM SMS
LLC
BSSGP
NS
Frame Relay, IP
GPRS Abis Gb
124
K15 RLC/MAC reassembling - So what?
4Monitoring and analysis of entire LLC frames and RLC control frames are feasible already at the GPRS Abis interface
4 Improvement of technicians working efficiency
MMT
4Enabling functional testing and troubleshooting on GPRS Abis interface
4Strengthen Tektronix outstanding position for non-intrusive GPRS testing
125
K15 RLC/MAC reassembling - Features (1)
4Support of GPRS technology (all coding schemes)
4Reassembling of segmented LLC and RLC control frames
4Support of single slot and multi-slot mobiles
0Reassembling of segmented frames for all mobiles, in case the Temporary Block Identifier (TFI) is unique inside a measurement
MMT
Temporary Block Identifier (TFI) is unique inside a measurement scenario (set of logical links)
0In case the TFI is not unique inside a measurement scenario (e.g. different mobiles using the same TFI) reassembling can be carried out if only one mobile transmits fragments in the measurement scenario
4Support of Siemens-PCU, Ericsson-PCU, Nokia-PCU
4Online mode and Offline mode
126
K15 RLC/MAC reassembling - Features (2)
4Potential Feature extensions
0Reassembling of segmented frames (LLC, RLC control) for all mobiles even if the TFI is not unique inside a measurement scenario
0Support of Nortel-PCU, Alcatel-PCU, Motorola-PCU Lucent-PCU
0Support of EDGE technology
4Potential Feature extensions
0Reassembling of segmented frames (LLC, RLC control) for all mobiles even if the TFI is not unique inside a measurement scenario
0Support of Nortel-PCU, Alcatel-PCU, Motorola-PCU Lucent-PCU
0Support of EDGE technology
MMT
0Support of EDGE technology
0Usage improvements
0Support of EDGE technology
0Usage improvements
Main question:
���� “Need to have” or “Nice to have” ?
127
SNDCP Reassembling on Gb
MMT
SNDCP Reassembling on Gb
SNDCP Reassembling on Gb (1/3)
TCP/IP and UDP/IP user data frames containing upper layer
application protocols like WAP, HTTP, FTP are often segmented by
the SNDCP protocol layer into smaller PDUs. Due to this
segmentation, simple protocol analysis cannot be used on the Gb
interface to understand what kind of information is flowing.
MMT
By reassembling these smaller PDUs called SN-PDUs, the
application enables the user to have full access to GPRS
subscriber payload (e.g. WAP over TCP over IP over SNDCP) in
order to analyze subscriber activity and behavior
(e.g. visited web site and downloaded web pages).
129
SNDCP Reassembling on Gb (2/3)
When necessary the application reassembles TCP/IP and UDP/IP data frames on top of the SNDCP layer on the Gb I/f
MMT
130
SNDCP Reassembling on Gb (3/3)
An IP frame has been segmented into 4 PDUs.
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The SNDCP reassembling application puts them together as highlighted in yellow
131
GPRS File Mutator
MMT
GPRS File Mutator
GPRS File Mutator (1/3)
Technicians using the K12xx often need to exchange GPRS .RF5
files in order to share data and better analyse problems.
These .RF5 files contain sensitive data related to subscriber
identity (e.g. IMSI, IMEI, MSISDN), location (e.g. CID, RAI, LAI)
and activity (e.g. APN, destination IP address).
MMT
and activity (e.g. APN, destination IP address).
When exporting .RF5 files, the application allows to mask these
sensitive parameters: data privacy and subscriber anonymity is
guaranteed and at the same time general data analysis activities
can be still carried out (e.g. protocol analysis, call trace, statistics).
133
GPRS File Mutator (2/3)
The application is an .exe file that can be run on the K12xx or on a PC
MMT
Select a source .RF5 file, select a destination .RF5 file, press GO.The application will create a .RF5 file with masked sensitive parameters.
134
GPRS File Mutator (3/3)
Parameters to mask and specific mask to apply can be chosen by the user
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135
UMTS MonitoringFeatures and Applications
MMT
UMTS Applications
4 Iub Autoconfiguration
4 Iub Dechiphering
4 Iub Monitor
4 Iu Monitor
MMT
4 IuX Statistics
4UMTS High Speed Multimedia Services (3.5G HSDPA protocol suite)
4UMTS Videotelephony (H.324M/3G-324M protocol suite for real time video service)
137
Automatic UMTS Iub monitoring configuration
An expert software allows plug and play Iub monitoring operations
0only few minutes required to set-up the instrument
0the expert software automates all the configuration process
0non-intrusive configuration (Node-B restart is not required)
0
MMT
0NBAP, ALCAP are identified for each Node-B
0FACH, RACH, PCH are identified for each cell
0DCHs are identified for each call
The expert software sets the instrument in “auto-learning” mode and a proprietary algorithm identify the relevant parameters.
138
Auto Configuration Wizard I
A wizard guides the user through all the required steps
4Auto learning period definition
0amount of time the application shall listen to Iub traffic to understand Iub configuration
MMT
understand Iub configuration
4On-line monitoring scenario properties
0possibility to extract information aboutthe CS/PS user plane
139
Auto Configuration Wizard II
A wizard guides the user through all the required steps
4Traffic type selection
0NBAP
0ALCAP
0RACH
MMT
0RACH
0FACH
0PCH
4Boards/ports selection
0boards
0ports
0VPI/VCI/CID ranges
140
Auto Configuration Wizard III
A wizard guides the user through all the required steps
4Network parameters selection
0vendor type
0# of cells,
0# of node Bs
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0# of node Bs
4Protocol versions/stacks selection
0NBAP
0ALCAP
0RRC traffic
141
Auto Configuration Wizard IV
4 The wizard is designed to support different skill levels during the configuration process
0 provides default input values to assist non-expert users
0 allows maximum flexibily in setting advanced parameters to enable
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parameters to enable expert-users to speed-up the auto-configuration
4 Once the configuration process is over
0 the application starts scanning the Iub interface
0 the logical links are automatically configured on the K15
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UMTS Iub ciphering for Confidentiality
4 Ciphering in UMTS is performed between UE and RNC over Uu (Air) and Iub
4 When ciphering is active, RRC and NAS messages are encrypted
0 RRC (Radio Resource Control) messages contain key information for Radio Network Optimization
0 NAS (Non Access Stratum) messages contain key information for Network Troubleshooting (Mobility Management - MM, Session Management - SM, Call Control -CC)
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CC)
4 When ciphering is active, Network Optimization and Network Troubleshooting activities cannot be carried out with a traditional protocol analyzer
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K15 Iub deciphering
4 K15 needs to be physically connected to Iub and Iu
4 Ciphering Keys and Ciphering Parameters (quintuplets) are collected from the Iu interface and fed to the deciphering algorithm which de-encrypts the flow of messages on Iub allowing full access to the content of the protocol messages
4 Automatic Mode (no user intervention) or Manual Mode (insertion of IMSI, CS ciphering key, PS ciphering key) operations are supported
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IMSI, CS ciphering key, PS ciphering key) operations are supported
4 Real Time and Off Line operations are supported
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K15 Iub deciphering benefits
4 Network Troubleshooting (monitoring NAS messages on Iub) and Network Optimization (monitoring RRC messages on Iub) activities can be accomplished even if ciphering is activated in the network because full access to the content of all protocol messages is guaranteed anyway
4 Must have in live ciphered network, where it is not feasible to de-activate ciphering, because this would cut-off existing users and would jeopardize the security/privacy of the transmitted content
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would jeopardize the security/privacy of the transmitted content
4 Enables to test in the lab/test plant the impact of Iub ciphering/deciphering on network element/network behaviour and performance
4 Full access to troubleshooting in ciphered multi-technology GPRS/UMTS environment thanks to the support of GPRS Gb deciphering (extended to support quintuplets) and UMTS Iub deciphering
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Iub MonitorPort Settings
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146
Iub MonitorPort Settings
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Iub MonitorParameter Setup for NBAP
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Iub MonitorParameter Setup for ALCAP
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Iub MonitorNBAP Monitor Output
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Iub MonitorALCAP Monitor Output
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Iub MonitorConfiguration of the Common Control Channels
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Iub MonitorCommon Control Channels Advanced Logical Link Settings and Frame Processing Parameter
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Iub MonitorLink Assignment
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Iub MonitorCommon Configuration
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Iu MonitorConfiguration of RANAP and ALCAP
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Iu MonitorPath ID Mapping
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Iu MonitorOperating Mode
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Iu MonitorLink Configuration after Iu Monitor has been Started
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Iu MonitorBearier Capability Check
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Iu MonitorExample of result
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H223 Data flow and MUXPDUsH.245 Control Messages drop out of the datastream
UMTS IuX Statistics - Setup
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UMTS IuX Statistics - Result
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HSDPA – 3.5G High Speed Multimedia ServicesDecoding support for NEM and NO
4 ARC Group predicts that Operators will increasingly adopt so-called “3.5G” technologies, mainly High-Speed Download Packet Access (HSDPA), TDD UMTS and proprietary technologies such as Flarion’s Flash OFDN, in order to increase the potential revenues from high-speed multimedia services with a limited incremental investment over the 3G infrastructure and without waiting for the availability of full 4G solutions, that ARC thinks will arrive in around 2010.
4 HDSPA is standardised as an element of the 3GPP Rel.5 W-CDMA
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4 HDSPA is standardised as an element of the 3GPP Rel.5 W-CDMAspecification; it provides a two-fold improvement in network capacity and boosts data speed up to five times, to over 10Mbps, with user speeds of 2Mbps expected to be practically achievable. The competitive pressure from CDMA2000 1xEV-DO will likely result in an early deployment of HSDPA in Korea and in Japan, where DoCoMo plans to have HSDPA live by end-2005. On the positive side, HSDPA is also expected to compete, together with the emerging WiMAX technology, for a share of the actual users of DSL services.
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H.324M – Real Time Video ServicesDecoding support on Iu for H.245 and H.223
4 H.324M is a standard for low bitrate multimedia communication.
4 In 3G networks H.324M is used to specify the use of a dedicated 64kbps bearer to transmit multiplexed voice, video as well as control and signaling information on Iu-CS
4 The 3G-324M is an “umbrella standard” referencing other standards whichspecify:
0mandatory and optional video and audio codecs
0 the messages to be used for call set-up, control and tear-down (H.245)
0
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0 the way that audio, video, control and other data are multiplexed and de-multiplexed (H.223)
4 In order to support enhanced (and delay sensitive) video services, 3G phones as well as network equipment are required to support the H.324M protocol.
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Target customers for Video Quality Analysis4 UMTS Network Equipment Manufacturers development laboratories
0 Technicians verify the proper implementation of the H324M protocol suite and of the audio/video codec H.264 and M-PEG4
0 Technicians verify the interoperability between different handsets model and the UMTS network
4 UMTS Mobile Network Operators test plants
0 Technicians verify the interoperability between handsets and network element
4 UMTS Mobile Network Operators Operation and Maintenance
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4 UMTS Mobile Network Operators Operation and Maintenance departments
0 Technicians verify the performance of the new video services in case there are complaints about the video quality by customer
0 Technicians try to map reported video problems into underlying network problems in order to understand the root cause
4 UMTS Mobile Network Operators Optimization departments
0 After having performed optimization activities, technicians look at the perceived user video quality to understand if network reconfiguration activities have been effective
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Test challenges for Video Telephony
4 Understand the root cause of the problem and what entity is responsible for a bad video quality
0 A problem in the audio/video codec?
0 A radio interface congestion?
0 Failures in the video delivery platforms?
0 Problems in the handsets or in the network?
4 Video is not data and is very sensitive to packetized transmission
0 Encoder/Decoder problems, RF problems, Mux/De-Mux problems
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0 Encoder/Decoder problems, RF problems, Mux/De-Mux problems
4 Three main areas of concern
0 Performance Monitoring of network KPIs (Bitrates, Framerates, Connection Times)
0 Troubleshooting Video CODEC Elementary Stream Protocol problems (Protocol syntax, Encoder functions)
0 Analyzing Video Picture Quality (Picture difference – PSNR Fidelity Analysis)
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TransmittedContent
Mobile Video QoS Layers
Analysis FunctionSignal
Packetized Video
Transmission Channel KPI Monitoring
Compressed
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Baseband Video
Compressed Video
H.263/MPEG-4 Protocol Analysis
Compressed Content
Video Picture QualityAnalysis
VideoContent
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H.324M Case Study “Pixelisation” - Root Causes Diagnosed
4 Case 1: macroblock errors inside the picture
0Cause: loss of video update commands at air interface and handover problems
4 Case 2: picture „noise“
0Cause: normal noise of the digital camera inside the picture: the better the camera , the lesser the noise of the picture itself
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picture itself
4 Case 3: picture „blocking“ (8x8 pixel macroblock)
0Cause: low bandwidth for video picture compression algorithm (MPEG-4, H.263)
4 Case 4: low frame update rate
0Cause: MPEG-4 encoder too slow – use H.263 instead
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H.324M Case Study - Lessons learned
4 All video codecs of the phones used in tests appeared to work correct
0 Samsung Z105, Motorola V800, Sony Ericsson Z1010
0 Verified with Tektronix MTS4EA
4 Some phones failed the initial H.245 master / slave negotiation
0 Flaw in resolving situations where both phones used the same « random
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0 Flaw in resolving situations where both phones used the same « random value » to toss for the master resulted in drop of call
4 H.223 overall Bandwidth important
0 otherwise quantization effects disturb the video experience
4 Better video experience reached by selecting H.263 codec over MPEG-4
0 Unfortunately, the default setting of all phones was MPEG-4
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Tektronix H.324M Video QoS Solution
H.324M
K15 monitors H.324M data on Iu-CS
interface
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Captured .3GP files can be
analyzed on any PC/Laptop by
MTS4EA Video Analysis Software
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Tektronix end-to-end H.324M Video QoS Solution
4 Monitors the Iu-CS Interface (Circuit Switched)
1. Automatically open DCH channels containing H.324M data
2. Demultiplexes H.223 Bytestreams
3. Decodes and Analyzes H.245 inbandsignaling channel
4. Calculates Key Performance Indicators
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4 Bitrates, Framerates, Connection Times
5. Extracts audio and video data to a .3GP file
4 AMR, H.263, MPEG-4
6. Decodes and Analyzes the Video ElementaryStream (MTS4EA)
4 Decodes and Analyzes .3GP, H.263 and .MP4 files
4 Checks protocol syntax
4 Analyses Encoder functions
4 Analyses Picture Fidelity (PSNR – Peak Signal to Noise Ratio)
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MTS4EA Video Fidelity Analysis
4 PSNR (Peak Signal Noise Ratio)
4 Root Mean Square Error
4 Mean Square Error
4 Mean Absolute Difference
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Difference
4 Sum Absolute Difference
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H.324M Case Study Available Bandwidth - Impact on Video Quality
300
400
500
600
700
*100 b
ps
overall call attempts
overall connected calls
successful (H.245 established) calls
average AUDIO-bitrate-RX
average AUDIO-bitrate-TX
average VIDEO-bitrate-RX
average VIDEO-bitrate-TX
Call 1 Call 2 Call 3 Call 4 Call 5
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0
100
200
300
11:3
4:3
4
11:3
5:1
6
11:3
5:5
8
11:3
6:4
0
11:3
8:2
9
11:3
9:1
1
11:3
9:5
3
11:4
2:0
7
11:4
2:4
9
11:4
3:3
1
11:4
6:5
0
11:4
7:3
2
11:4
8:1
5
11:4
8:5
7
11:4
9:3
9
11:5
0:2
1
*100 b
ps
average VIDEO-bitrate-TX
average H.223-bitrate-RX
average H.223-bitrate-TX
average Video Framerate-RX (pics/s)
average Video Framerate-TX (pics/s)
Good video experience –sufficient video bandwidth
Poor video experience –insufficient video bandwidth, Fast Update Requests can hardly be
answered
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Distinctive Points
4 Tektronix solution enables to
0Carry out Performance Monitoring of network KPIs (Bitrates, Framerates, Connection Times)
0Troubleshoot Video CODEC Elementary Stream Protocol problems (Protocol syntax, Encoder functions)
0Analyze Video Picture Quality (Picture difference – PSNR Fidelity Analysis)
4We protect your investment by offering a Video Quality
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Analysis solution with a software upgrade to your existing UMTS test tool
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Thank YouFor Your Attendance
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