KARL MARXPRESENTED BY: SHARJEEL ADAM

RAJAREG NO: 670/FBAS/BSES/F-14

Who was Karl Marx?

• Karl Marx was born into a German bourgeoisie family on may 5, 1818.

• Was married to Jenny Von Westphalen on June 19, 1843.

• Karl Marx died on march 14, 1883.

POPULAR BOOKS

Karl Marx was known as the father of communism.

Marx Theory On Society

• Historical materialism

• Alienation• Mode of production• Class consciousness• Class struggle

HISTORICAL MATERIALISM

Looks for the cause of development and changes in human

society in the means by which humans

collectively produce the necessities of

life.

Alienation Karl Marx's theory of alienation describes the estrangement of people from aspects

of their human nature as a consequence of

living in a society stratified into social

classes.

Class Consciousness

It refers to the belief a person holds regarding

their social status.

Class StruggleTension between different class of people:• Bourgeoisie(owner)• Proletariat(worker)

Marx on religion

MARXISM A system of economic, social, and political philosophy based on ideas that view social

change in terms of economic factors.

Karl Marx on Industrial Revolution• Major criticism on

industrial revolution• Ideas on exploitation of

the working class• First person to make

people realize that the working people of the country were the ones who had the power.

Impact On WorldThere are seven communist countries: China Cuba Laos North Korea Vietnam Cyprus Nepal

Criticism

Over-concentration:• Economically determinist• Overlooked non-economic

relations. Capitalism is more

accepted Unscientific

Sociology of ethnicity

What is ethnicity?The fact or state of belonging to a social group

that has a common national or cultural tradition.

Sociology of ethnicity

The sociology of ethnicity is the study of social, political, and economic relations between all

ethnicities at all levels of society.

Characteristics of Ethnic Groups

Unique cultural traitsA sense of communityA feeling of ethnocentrismAscribed membership from birthTendency to occupy a geographic area

Ethnicity refers to your CULTURAL IDENTITY and can be shown by:

PrejudiceA negative attitude based on generalizations

about members of a selected racial, ethnic, or other groups.

• Ethnocentrism refers to regarding own culture while negating other cultures.

• Stereotypes are over generalized about appearance, behavior ,or other characteristics of members of a particular categories.

Racism The attitudes, beliefs, and practices that justify

the superior treatment of one group.

Dominant and Sub-ordinate Groups

• A dominant group is the one which has superior rights and resources in the society.

• A sub ordinate group is the one whose members are at a disadvantage and subjected to unequal treatment by the dominant group and regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination.

World’s Largest Ethnic Group• The world's largest ethnic group

is Han Chinese. Although English (5.52%) is spoken by many as a second language, Mandarin Chinese (14.1%) and Spanish (5.85%) are the languages with the highest number of native speakers.

• The Han Chinese are an ethnic group native to East Asia.

• 19% of the entire global human population, making them the largest ethnic group in the world.

Ethnicity in Pakistan