Kazakhstan and Central AsiaKazakhstan and Central AsiaInformation in Transboundary Information in Transboundary
Water CooperationWater Cooperation&&
The Value of National IWRM & Water The Value of National IWRM & Water Efficiency PlansEfficiency Plans
Tim HannanTim HannanUNDP Water Management AdvisorUNDP Water Management Advisor
Almaty, KazakhstanAlmaty, [email protected]@undp.org
National IWRM and WE Plans with National IWRM and WE Plans with Reference to Transboundary Water Reference to Transboundary Water
CooperationCooperation
IWRM is a new approach with new information andIWRM is a new approach with new information and management needsmanagement needs Definition of new needs, approach needs to beDefinition of new needs, approach needs to be determineddetermined IWRM needs to be understood and adopted by IWRM needs to be understood and adopted by water managerswater managers The goals and aims of IWRM are the same for allThe goals and aims of IWRM are the same for all countriescountries The information needs are the same for allThe information needs are the same for all countriescountries
Initiatives in Monitoring and Information in Initiatives in Monitoring and Information in KazakhstanKazakhstan
Tobol RiverTobol River (Russia, Kazakhstan, Russia) (Russia, Kazakhstan, Russia) Ural RiverUral River (Russia, Kazakhstan) (Russia, Kazakhstan) Irtysh River Irtysh River (China, Kazakhstan, Russia)(China, Kazakhstan, Russia) Ili River Ili River (China, Kazakhstan)(China, Kazakhstan) Syr Darya, Chu, Talas Syr Darya, Chu, Talas (Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan)(Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan) Amu Darya Amu Darya (to a lesser extent as an Aral Sea tributary)(to a lesser extent as an Aral Sea tributary)
Recent improvements in monitoring haveRecent improvements in monitoring have emphasised and been driven by transboundaryemphasised and been driven by transboundary issuesissues
Initiatives on Regional Cooperation on Initiatives on Regional Cooperation on Transboundary Waters in Central AsiaTransboundary Waters in Central Asia
ICWC ICWC (water allocations)(water allocations)
IFAS IFAS (resources and research for the Aral Sea)(resources and research for the Aral Sea) 1998 Agreement 1998 Agreement (water & energy on Syr Darya)(water & energy on Syr Darya)
CACO CACO (water, energy, transport & food)(water, energy, transport & food)
WEC WEC (combined water & energy)(combined water & energy)
Chu Talas Trans. Water CommissionChu Talas Trans. Water Commission Various annual agreementsVarious annual agreements Kazakhstan signed the Water ConventionKazakhstan signed the Water Convention
Structure of Water Resources Structure of Water Resources Management in KazakhstanManagement in Kazakhstan
Committee for Water ResourcesCommittee for Water Resources (Ministry of (Ministry of
Agriculture)Agriculture)
River Basin Organisations River Basin Organisations (Under CWR)(Under CWR)
River Basin Councils River Basin Councils (now being established)(now being established)
Others – Others – (environment, geology, health, etc.)(environment, geology, health, etc.)
Information Issues in Water Resources Information Issues in Water Resources Management in Kazakhstan (Central Asia)Management in Kazakhstan (Central Asia)
limited understanding of water resources issues andlimited understanding of water resources issues and
solutions on the part of central governmentssolutions on the part of central governments limited public understanding and participation in waterlimited public understanding and participation in water
resources managementresources management decline in technical skills in the CWR and RBOsdecline in technical skills in the CWR and RBOs limited and difficult coordination and cooperation on limited and difficult coordination and cooperation on
informationinformation poor water information, including its management andpoor water information, including its management and
access to itaccess to it
Other Big Issues in Water Resources Other Big Issues in Water Resources Management in Kazakhstan (Central Asia)Management in Kazakhstan (Central Asia)
No organisation has the responsibility toNo organisation has the responsibility to
manage river basins, or to manage water quality ormanage river basins, or to manage water quality or
river ecologyriver ecology RBOs have lost the skills of full water resourcesRBOs have lost the skills of full water resources
management, including water qualitymanagement, including water quality Monitoring of water quality is improving but doesMonitoring of water quality is improving but does
not come close to the European approachnot come close to the European approach
Recent Initiatives in Information for Water Recent Initiatives in Information for Water Resources Management in KazakhstanResources Management in Kazakhstan
River Basin Councils established in law in theRiver Basin Councils established in law in the
2003 Water Code of Kazakhstan 2003 Water Code of Kazakhstan Strategy for the Development of CWR/RBOsStrategy for the Development of CWR/RBOs
was completed in 2004 (partly implemented)was completed in 2004 (partly implemented) Strategy for the Improvement of Water QualityStrategy for the Improvement of Water Quality
was completed for CWR/RBOs in 2004 (partlywas completed for CWR/RBOs in 2004 (partly
implemented)implemented)
Recent Initiatives in Information for Water Recent Initiatives in Information for Water Resources Management in KazakhstanResources Management in Kazakhstan
National Water Information CentreNational Water Information Centre
proposed in 2003, 2004, 2005 (not yetproposed in 2003, 2004, 2005 (not yet
implemented)implemented) National IWRM and WE PlanNational IWRM and WE Plan being being
prepared (completed end 2005)prepared (completed end 2005)
Kazakhstan National Water Information Centre
Possible Structure
Various River Basin or Local Administration Level Organisations(SES, Vodkhoz, Vodokanal, Irrigation, Ecology, Geology, WUA, Kazhydromet, Akimat, Others)
RBC RBC RBCRBCRBCRBC RBCRBC
RBO RBO RBORBORBORBO RBORBO
Head of State, Ministers, Various National Level Organisations or MinistriesTransboundary Water Analysts and Decision Makers
Education system, Public Awareness Initiatives, Others
Information Department and Information Portal
(CWR)National Water Information
Centre (?)
River Basin Authority in
Neighbouring Transboundary
Countries
River Basin Authority in
Neighbouring Transboundary
Countries
Expected Steps in Developing Transboundary Cooperation and Management in Central Asia
Improving Monitoring and InformationImproving Monitoring and Information
Building Capacity in Water Management OrganisationsBuilding Capacity in Water Management Organisations
National IWRM & WE PlansRegional Coordination on Specific Issues in Improving Water Management in each
Country
Bilateral & single issue agreements on water sharing and water quality improvement with neighbouring countries
Multilateral & multiobjective agreements on water sharing and water quality improvement
for entire river basins
Goal: Transboundary Rivers Managed on IWRM Principles
(EUWFD)
STEP
2005 2007 2010 2015 2025?
Areas of Good Potential for Regional Areas of Good Potential for Regional Cooperation on Improving Water Cooperation on Improving Water
ManagementManagement
Water use efficiencyWater use efficiency Education and trainingEducation and training Monitoring and informationMonitoring and information
Progress on the Kazakhstan National Progress on the Kazakhstan National Water Information CentreWater Information Centre
DPSIR framework to develop informationDPSIR framework to develop information
systems at river basin levelsystems at river basin level Training RBO staff in obtaining info, developingTraining RBO staff in obtaining info, developing
data bases (2004 to 2007)data bases (2004 to 2007) Establishing an information portal to link RBOsEstablishing an information portal to link RBOs
and CWR and, later RBOs and RBCsand CWR and, later RBOs and RBCs Establishing RBCs and working to define theirEstablishing RBCs and working to define their
information needsinformation needs
Initial links: RBO RBC
RBO CWR National & Transboundary Users
