Key Events of the
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
SS8H6b
StandardsSS8H6 The student will analyze the impact of the Civil War and
Reconstruction on Georgia.
b. State the importance of key events of the Civil War; include
Antietam, the Emancipation Proclamation, Gettysburg,
Chickamauga, the Union blockade of Georgia’s coast, Sherman’s
Atlanta Campaign, Sherman’s March to the Sea, and
Andersonville.
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
© 2
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4 B
rain
Wrin
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Civil W
ar: Wh
o’s &
Wh
at’sD
irection
s: BE
FO
RE
the u
nit, w
rite wh
at y
ou
thin
kea
ch term
mea
ns. A
FT
ER
the p
resenta
tion
,
you
will w
rite dow
n n
ew in
form
atio
n a
bou
t each
term.
Antietam
Em
ancipation Proclam
ation
Gettysburg
Chickam
auga
Blockade of G
A’s C
oastA
tlanta Cam
paign
Wh
at I th
ink
hap
pen
ed h
ere:
Defin
ition
:
Wh
at I th
ink
this m
ean
s:
Defin
ition
:
Wh
at I th
ink
hap
pen
ed h
ere:
Defin
ition
:
Wh
at I th
ink
hap
pen
ed h
ere:
Defin
ition
:
Wh
at I th
ink
hap
pen
ed:
Defin
ition
:
Wh
at I th
ink
hap
pen
ed:
Defin
ition
:
© 2
01
4 B
rain
Wrin
kles
Civil W
ar: Wh
o’s &
Wh
at’sD
irection
s: BE
FO
RE
the u
nit, w
rite wh
at y
ou
thin
kea
ch term
mea
ns. A
FT
ER
the p
resenta
tion
,
you
will w
rite dow
n n
ew in
form
atio
n a
bou
t each
term.
March to the S
ea:A
ndersonville, GA
Wh
at I th
ink
hap
pen
ed:
Defin
ition
:
Wh
at I th
ink
hap
pen
ed h
ere:
Defin
ition
:
Fort S
um
ter
•T
he C
ivil W
ar b
egan
on
Ap
ril 12, 1
861, w
hen
Con
federa
te forces
_____________________________________ .
•T
he U
nio
n fo
rces insid
e Fort S
um
ter were a
lread
y low
on
am
mu
nitio
n a
nd
food
, so
they
_____________________________________ .
Un
ion
Blo
ckade
•U
nio
n lea
ders so
on
ad
op
ted G
enera
l Win
field S
cott’s A
nacon
da P
lan
, wh
ich ca
lled
for a
______________________________________________ .
•U
nio
n sh
ips lin
ed th
e sou
thern
coast a
nd
wou
ld
_____________________________________ in
or o
ut.
•O
ccasio
nally, _
____________________________________ sn
uck
thro
ugh
an
d
were a
ble to
mak
e it to E
uro
pe to
trad
e for su
pp
lies.
•In
Ap
ril 1862, U
nio
n so
ldiers la
nd
ed o
n T
yb
ee Islan
d a
nd
_____________________________________ , th
e fort p
rotectin
g S
avan
nah
.
•O
nce th
e brick
fort w
as o
blitera
ted, th
e No
rth w
as a
ble to
blo
ckad
e the im
porta
nt
_____________________________________ .
•H
ard
ly a
ny
Con
federa
te ship
cou
ld m
ak
e it
_____________________________________ .
An
tietam
•C
on
federa
te Gen
eral R
ob
ert E. L
ee wan
ted to
brin
g th
e
_____________________________________ .
•T
he _
____________________________________ to
ok
pla
ce on
Sep
temb
er 17,
1862, b
etween
An
tietam
Creek
an
d S
harp
sbu
rg, Mary
lan
d.
•It w
as th
e _____________________________________ o
f th
e Civ
il War—
over
26,0
00 so
ldiers w
ere killed
, wou
nd
ed, o
r wen
t missin
g th
at d
ay.
•T
he b
attle en
ded
in a
draw
; how
ever,
_________________________________________________
from
Mary
lan
d a
nd
return
to V
irgin
ia.
•L
inco
ln cla
imed
this a
_____________________________________ , a
nd
gain
ed
mu
ch n
eeded
sup
port fro
m N
orth
erners w
ho h
ad
bla
med
the p
residen
t for p
revio
us
losses.
Em
an
cipatio
n P
rocla
ma
tion
•A
fter the B
attle o
f A
ntieta
m, P
residen
t Lin
coln
issued
_____________________________________ .
•T
his freed
all slav
es in _
___________________________________________ .
•L
inco
ln’s p
rocla
matio
n sh
ifted th
e focu
s of th
e Civ
il War –
it was n
ow a
_____________________________________
.
•T
he o
rder p
rom
ised th
at th
e Un
ion
milita
ry w
ou
ld en
force th
e pro
clam
atio
n, a
nd
inv
ited fo
rmer _
______________________________________________ .
•M
an
y A
frican
Am
erican
s _____________________________________ b
ravely,
aware th
at th
ey w
ere figh
ting fo
r the freed
om
of th
eir peo
ple.
© 2
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Getty
sbu
rg
•T
he B
attle a
t Getty
sbu
rg, P
enn
sylv
an
ia o
n J
uly
1-3
, 1863, w
as th
e
_____________________________________ .
•C
on
federa
te forces u
nd
er Lee o
nce a
gain
tried to
inv
ad
e the N
orth
, bu
t they
_____________________________________ .
•T
he la
rger U
nio
n A
rmy
overw
helm
ed L
ee’s troop
s an
d
_____________________________________ .
•T
his U
nio
n v
ictory
left the S
ou
th w
ith
_____________________________________ th
e war.
•B
oth
sides ex
perien
ced m
ajo
r losses o
f life --
more th
an
_____________________________________ o
n th
e battlefield
.
•D
ue to
the lo
ss of a
larg
e portio
n o
f L
ee’s men
, the
_____________________________________ th
e North
again
.
•A
fter this b
attle, th
e North
beg
an
to p
ut _
________________________ o
n th
e
Sou
th a
nd
was ev
entu
ally
ab
le to in
vad
e an
d ca
ptu
re the S
ou
thern
states.
•A
fterward
s, Presid
ent L
inco
ln m
ad
e a sp
eech a
t a cerem
on
y
_____________________________________ .
•T
he _
____________________________________ la
sted o
nly
three m
inu
tes,
bu
t it is regard
ed a
s on
e of th
e _____________________________________
in A
merica
n h
istory.
•In
the sp
eech, L
inco
ln sa
id th
at th
e Civ
il War w
as to
_____________________________________ “
of th
e peo
ple, b
y th
e peo
ple,
an
d fo
r the p
eop
le”.
Ch
ickam
au
ga
•G
eorg
ia w
as _
____________________________________ d
urin
g th
e first few
yea
rs of th
e Civ
il War.
•In
1863, clo
se to _
____________________________________ m
oved
into
north
west G
eorg
ia w
here th
ey b
attled
the C
on
federa
te Arm
y a
lon
g
_____________________________________ .
•T
he b
attle resu
lted in
both
sides lo
sing ov
er 16,0
00 m
en, a
nd
forced
the
_____________________________________ b
ack
to T
enn
essee.
Atla
nta
Cam
paig
n
•In
1864, _
____________________________________ m
oved
his U
nio
n A
rmy
sou
th fro
m T
enn
essee to A
tlan
ta.
•T
hey
fou
gh
t Con
federa
te sold
iers alo
ng th
e way, leav
ing
_____________________________________ a
nd
chaos.
•O
n S
eptem
ber 2
, 1864, S
herm
an
’s troop
s
_____________________________________ a
nd
set the city
on
fire.
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March
to th
e Sea
•In
Nov
emb
er 1864, S
herm
an
beg
an
his m
arch
thro
ugh
Geo
rgia
from
_____________________________________ .
•H
is troop
s _____________________________________ a
nd
pla
nta
tion
s
alo
ng th
e way.
•S
herm
an
’s “M
arch
to th
e Sea
” _
____________________________________
an
d cru
shed
the sp
irit of th
e Con
federa
te arm
y.
•T
hey
cap
tured
Sav
an
nah
on
_____________________________________ ,
an
d S
herm
an
gav
e the city
of S
avan
nah
to A
bra
ha
m L
inco
ln a
s a
_____________________________________ .
An
derso
nville
•O
ne o
f th
e most n
oto
riou
s sites of th
e Civ
il War w
as th
e
_____________________________________
in A
nd
erson
ville, G
A.
•T
he p
rison
was _
____________________________________ , a
nd
over
13,0
00 o
f th
e 45,0
00 ca
ptiv
es died
of
_____________________________________ .
•A
fter the w
ar, th
e Un
ion
_____________________________________ th
e
priso
n’s co
mm
an
der, M
ajo
r Hen
ry W
irz.
Appom
atto
x
•In
early
Ap
ril, Un
ion
troop
s finally
took
Rich
mon
d, V
irgin
ia, th
e
_____________________________________ .
•O
n A
pril 9
, 1865, G
enera
l Lee su
rrend
ered to
Gen
eral G
ran
t at W
ilmer M
cLea
n’s
hou
se in th
e tow
n o
f _
____________________________________ .
•In
stead
of celeb
ratin
g, so
ldiers o
n b
oth
sides
_____________________________________ .
•Ju
st a few
day
s later, o
n A
pril 1
4, 1
865,
_____________________________________ .
War’s E
ffects
•T
hese effects w
ere mostly
________________________________________________________ o
f th
e
cou
ntry.
•In
the S
ou
th, th
ey w
ere _________________________ .
•T
he w
ar h
ad
been
fou
gh
t _____________________________________ .
•M
an
y h
om
es, cities, railro
ad
s, farm
s, etc.,
_____________________________________ a
nd
had
to b
e rebu
ilt after th
e
war.
•B
ut th
e sou
thern
states h
ad
_________________________________ to
do so
.
•T
hey
were fin
an
cially
ban
kru
pt a
nd
cou
ld
_____________________________________ .
© 2
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Fort S
um
ter
•T
he C
ivil W
ar b
egan
on
Ap
ril 12, 1
861, w
hen
Con
federa
te forces fired
on
Fort
Su
mter.
•T
he U
nio
n fo
rces insid
e Fort S
um
ter were a
lread
y lo
w o
n a
mm
un
ition
an
d fo
od
,
so th
ey su
rrend
ered th
e nex
t day.
Un
ion
Blo
ckade
•U
nio
n lea
ders so
on
ad
op
ted G
enera
l Win
field S
cott’s A
nacon
da P
lan
, wh
ich
called
for a
nav
al b
lock
ad
e of S
ou
thern
ports.
•U
nio
n sh
ips lin
ed th
e sou
thern
coast a
nd
wou
ld n
ot let a
ny
Con
federa
te ship
s in
or o
ut.
•O
ccasio
nally, b
lock
ad
e run
ners sn
uck
thro
ugh
an
d w
ere ab
le to m
ak
e it to E
uro
pe
to tra
de fo
r sup
plies.
•In
Ap
ril 1862, U
nio
n so
ldiers la
nd
ed o
n T
yb
ee Islan
d a
nd
cap
tured
Fort P
ula
ski,
the fo
rt pro
tecting S
avan
nah
.
•O
nce th
e brick
fort w
as o
blitera
ted, th
e North
was a
ble to
blo
ckad
e the
imp
orta
nt p
ort o
f S
avan
nah
.
•H
ard
ly a
ny
Con
federa
te ship
cou
ld m
ak
e it in o
r ou
t of G
eorg
ia.
An
tietam
•C
on
federa
te Gen
eral R
ob
ert E. L
ee wan
ted to
brin
g th
e war to
the N
orth
.
•T
he B
attle o
f A
ntieta
m to
ok
pla
ce on
Sep
temb
er 17, 1
862, b
etween
An
tietam
Creek
an
d S
harp
sbu
rg, M
ary
lan
d.
•It w
as th
e blo
od
iest on
e-day
battle o
f th
e Civ
il War—
over 2
6,0
00 so
ldiers w
ere
killed
, wou
nd
ed, o
r wen
t missin
g th
at d
ay.
•T
he b
attle en
ded
in a
dra
w; h
ow
ever, G
enera
l Lee d
ecided
to w
ithd
raw
from
Mary
lan
d a
nd
return
to V
irgin
ia.
•L
inco
ln cla
imed
this a
victo
ry fo
r the U
nio
n, a
nd
gain
ed m
uch
need
ed su
pp
ort
from
North
erners w
ho h
ad
bla
med
the p
residen
t for p
revio
us lo
sses.
Em
an
cipatio
n P
rocla
matio
n
•A
fter the B
attle o
f A
ntieta
m, P
residen
t Lin
coln
issued
the E
man
cipatio
n
Pro
clam
atio
n.
•T
his freed
all slav
es in sta
tes figh
ting a
gain
st the U
nio
n.
•L
inco
ln’s p
rocla
matio
n sh
ifted th
e focu
s of th
e Civ
il War –
it was n
ow a
figh
t for
freedom
.
•T
he o
rder p
rom
ised th
at th
e Un
ion
milita
ry w
ou
ld en
force th
e pro
clam
atio
n, a
nd
inv
ited fo
rmer slav
es to jo
in th
e Un
ion
arm
y.
•M
an
y A
frican
Am
erican
s enlisted
an
d fo
ugh
t brav
ely, aw
are th
at th
ey w
ere
figh
ting fo
r the freed
om
of th
eir peo
ple.
© 2
01
4 B
rain
Wrin
kles
Getty
sbu
rg
•T
he B
attle a
t Getty
sbu
rg, P
enn
sylv
an
ia o
n J
uly
1-3
, 1863, w
as th
e turn
ing p
oin
t
of th
e war.
•C
on
federa
te forces u
nd
er Lee o
nce a
gain
tried to
inv
ad
e the N
orth
, bu
t they
were
stop
ped
.
•T
he la
rger U
nio
n A
rmy
overw
helm
ed L
ee’s troop
s an
d w
on
the b
attle.
•T
his U
nio
n v
ictory
left the S
ou
th w
ith n
o ch
an
ce of w
inn
ing th
e war.
•B
oth
sides ex
perien
ced m
ajo
r losses o
f life --
more th
an
51,0
00 so
ldiers d
ied o
n
the b
attlefield
.
•D
ue to
the lo
ss of a
larg
e portio
n o
f L
ee’s men
, the S
ou
th n
ever in
vad
ed th
e
North
again
.
•A
fter this b
attle, th
e North
beg
an
to p
ut co
nsta
nt p
ressure o
n th
e Sou
th a
nd
was
even
tually
ab
le to in
vad
e an
d ca
ptu
re the S
ou
thern
states.
•A
fterward
s, Presid
ent L
inco
ln m
ad
e a sp
eech a
t a cerem
on
y d
edica
ting th
e site as
a cem
etery.
•T
he G
ettysb
urg
Ad
dress la
sted o
nly
three m
inu
tes, bu
t it is regard
ed a
s on
e of
the m
ost in
spirin
g sp
eeches in
Am
erican
histo
ry.
•In
the sp
eech, L
inco
ln sa
id th
at th
e Civ
il War w
as to
preserv
e a g
overn
men
t“of
the p
eop
le, by
the p
eop
le, an
d fo
r the p
eop
le”.
Ch
ickam
au
ga
•G
eorg
ia w
as free fro
m m
ajo
r battles d
urin
g th
e first few y
ears o
f th
e Civ
il War.
•In
1863, clo
se to 5
8,0
00 U
nio
n tro
op
s mov
ed in
to n
orth
west G
eorg
ia w
here th
ey
battled
the C
on
federa
te Arm
y a
lon
g C
hick
am
au
ga C
reek.
•T
he b
attle resu
lted in
both
sides lo
sing ov
er 16,0
00 m
en, a
nd
forced
the U
nio
n
Arm
y to
retreat b
ack
to T
enn
essee.
Atla
nta
Cam
paig
n
•In
1864, G
enera
l Willia
m T
ecum
seh S
herm
an
mov
ed h
is Un
ion
Arm
y so
uth
from
Ten
nessee to
Atla
nta
.
•T
hey
fou
gh
t Con
federa
te sold
iers alo
ng th
e way, leav
ing a
path
of d
estructio
n
an
d ch
aos.
•O
n S
eptem
ber 2
, 1864, S
herm
an
’s troop
s cap
tured
Atla
nta
an
d set th
e city o
n
fire.
© 2
01
4 B
rain
Wrin
kles
March
to th
e Sea
•In
Nov
emb
er 1864, S
herm
an
beg
an
his m
arch
thro
ugh
Geo
rgia
from
Atla
nta
to
Sav
an
nah
.
•H
is troop
s destro
yed
man
y to
wn
s an
d p
lan
tatio
ns a
lon
g th
e way.
•S
herm
an
’s “M
arch
to th
e Sea
” cu
t Con
federa
te sup
ply
lines a
nd
crush
ed th
e
spirit o
f th
e Con
federa
te arm
y.
•T
hey
cap
tured
Sav
an
nah
on
Decem
ber 2
1, 1
864, a
nd
Sh
erman
gav
e the city
of
Sav
an
nah
to A
bra
ham
Lin
coln
as a
Ch
ristmas g
ift.
An
derso
nville
•O
ne o
f th
e most n
oto
riou
s sites of th
e Civ
il War w
as th
e Con
federa
te priso
n ca
mp
in A
nd
erson
ville, G
A.
•T
he p
rison
was ov
ercrow
ded
an
d u
nsa
nita
ry, an
d ov
er 13,0
00 o
f th
e 45,0
00
cap
tives d
ied o
f d
isease a
nd
starv
atio
n.
•A
fter the w
ar, th
e Un
ion
cap
tured
an
d ex
ecuted
the p
rison
’s com
man
der, M
ajo
r
Hen
ry W
irz.
Appom
atto
x
•In
early
Ap
ril, Un
ion
troop
s finally
took
Rich
mon
d, V
irgin
ia, th
e cap
ital o
f th
e
Con
federa
cy.
•O
n A
pril 9
, 1865, G
enera
l Lee su
rrend
ered to
Gen
eral G
ran
t at W
ilmer M
cLea
n’s
hou
se in th
e tow
n o
f A
pp
om
atto
x C
ou
rt Hou
se, Virg
inia
.
•In
stead
of celeb
ratin
g, so
ldiers o
n b
oth
sides w
ent h
om
e qu
ietly.
•Ju
st a few
day
s later, o
n A
pril 1
4, 1
865, A
bra
ha
m L
inco
ln w
as a
ssassin
ated
.
War’s E
ffects
•T
hese effects w
ere mostly
positiv
e in th
e north
ern a
nd
western
parts o
f th
e
cou
ntry.
•In
the S
ou
th, th
ey w
ere disa
strou
s.
•T
he w
ar h
ad
been
fou
gh
t mostly
on
Sou
thern
soil.
•M
an
y h
om
es, cities, railro
ad
s, farm
s, etc., had
been
destro
yed
an
d h
ad
to b
e
rebu
ilt after th
e war.
•B
ut th
e sou
thern
states h
ad
little mon
ey to
do so
.
•T
hey
were fin
an
cially
ban
kru
pt a
nd
cou
ld n
ot p
ay th
eir war d
ebts.
© 2
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rain
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Key Events of the
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
SS8H6b
• The Civil War began on April 12, 1861, when Confederate
forces fired on Fort Sumter.
• Fort Sumter was a Union fort in the harbor of Charleston,
South Carolina.
• The Union forces inside Fort Sumter were already low on
ammunition and food, so they surrendered the next day.
• Nobody was killed during the actual battle; however, one
person was killed in a 50-gun salute to the flag.
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
Fort Sumter, South Carolina – Before the Civil War
• Union leaders soon adopted General Winfield Scott’s
Anaconda Plan, which called for a naval blockade of
Southern ports.
• Union ships lined the southern coast and would not let
any Confederate ships in or out.
• Occasionally, blockade runners snuck through and were
able to make it to Europe to trade for supplies.
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
Whitworth Rifles in defense of Charleston.
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
Union Battleship
off of Georgia’s
Coast
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
• In April 1862, Union soldiers landed on Tybee Island
and captured Fort Pulaski, the fort protecting
Savannah.
• Once the brick fort was obliterated, the North was able
to blockade the important port of Savannah.
• Hardly any Confederate ship could make it in or out of
Georgia.
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
Fort Pulaski
Bombardment
• Confederate General Robert E. Lee wanted to bring the
war to the North.
• The Battle of Antietam took place on September 17,
1862, between Antietam Creek and Sharpsburg,
Maryland.
• It was the bloodiest one-day battle of the Civil War—
over 26,000 soldiers were killed, wounded, or went
missing that day.© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
Union Camp
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
Confederate Camp
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
• The battle ended in a draw; however, General Lee
decided to withdraw from Maryland and return to
Virginia.
• Lincoln claimed this a victory for the Union, and gained
much needed support from Northerners who had blamed
the president for previous losses.
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
President Lincoln visiting the battlefield at Antietam,
Maryland – October 3, 1862
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
• After the Battle of Antietam, President Lincoln issued
the Emancipation Proclamation.
• This freed all slaves in states fighting against the Union.
• Lincoln’s proclamation shifted the focus of the Civil War
– it was now a fight for freedom.
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
• The order promised that the Union military would
enforce the proclamation, and invited former slaves to
join the Union army.
• Many African Americans enlisted and fought bravely,
aware that they were fighting for the freedom of their
people.
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
Many fugitive slaves fled to the
Union Army. They were
officially freed with the
Emancipation Proclamation in
1863.
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
• The Battle at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania on July 1-3,
1863, was the turning point of the war.
• Confederate forces under Lee once again tried to invade
the North, but they were stopped.
• The larger Union Army overwhelmed Lee’s troops and
won the battle.
• This Union victory left the South with no chance of
winning the war.© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
Confederate
Soldiers
Outside
Gettysburg
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
• Both sides experienced major losses of life -- more than
51,000 soldiers died on the battlefield.
• Due to the loss of a large portion of Lee’s men, the
South never invaded the North again.
• After this battle, the North began to put constant
pressure on the South and was eventually able to invade
and capture the Southern states.
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
Mortars during the Civil
War
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
• Afterwards, President Lincoln made a speech at a
ceremony dedicating the site as a cemetery.
• The Gettysburg Address lasted only three minutes, but it
is regarded as one of the most inspiring speeches in
American history.
• In the speech, Lincoln said that the Civil War was to
preserve a government “of the people, by the people,
and for the people”.© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
The only confirmed photo of Lincoln at Gettysburg
• Georgia was free from major battles during the first few
years of the Civil War.
• In 1863, close to 58,000 Union troops moved into
northwest Georgia where they battled the Confederate
Army along Chickamauga Creek.
• The battle resulted in both sides losing over 16,000 men,
and forced the Union Army to retreat back to Tennessee.
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
Battle of Chickamauga
• In 1864, General William Tecumseh Sherman moved his
Union Army south from Tennessee to Atlanta.
• They fought Confederate soldiers along the way, leaving
a path of destruction and chaos.
• On September 2, 1864, Sherman’s troops captured
Atlanta and set the city on fire.
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
General Sherman & His Officers in Atlanta
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
Atlanta’s Peachtree Street after Sherman
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
Destroyed Train Roundhouse in Atlanta
• In November 1864, Sherman began his march through
Georgia from Atlanta to Savannah.
• His troops destroyed many towns and plantations along
the way.
• Sherman’s “March to the Sea” cut Confederate supply
lines and crushed the spirit of the Confederate army.
• They captured Savannah on December 21, 1864, and
Sherman gave the city of Savannah to Abraham
Lincoln as a Christmas gift.
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
Sherman’s Men Destroying
Georgia’s Railroads
• One of the most notorious sites of the Civil War was the
Confederate prison camp in Andersonville, GA.
• The prison was overcrowded and unsanitary, and over
13,000 of the 45,000 captives died of disease and
starvation.
• After the war, the Union captured and executed the
prison’s commander, Major Henry Wirz.
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
• In early April, Union troops finally took Richmond, Virginia, the
capital of the Confederacy.
• On April 9, 1865, General Lee surrendered to General Grant at
Wilmer McLean’s house in the town of Appomattox Court
House, Virginia.
• The Civil War was finally over.
• Instead of celebrating, soldiers on both sides went home
quietly.
• Just a few days later, on April 14, 1865, Abraham Lincoln was
assassinated.
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
Richmond, Virginia in
Ruins – April 1865
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
Union Army Soldiers– April 9, 1856
Appomattox Court House, VA
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
Robert E. Lee’s Amnesty Oath to the US ConstitutionOctober 2nd, 1865
• The Civil War had major effects on the United States.
• These effects were mostly positive in the northern and
western parts of the country.
• In the South, they were disastrous.
• The war had been fought mostly on Southern soil.
• Many homes, cities, railroads, farms, etc., had been destroyed
and had to be rebuilt after the war.
• But the southern states had little money to do so.
• They were financially bankrupt and could not pay their war
debts.© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
1. W
hich
side b
elieved
that th
e states sh
ou
ld h
ave m
ore p
ow
er than
the n
atio
nal
gov
ernm
ent?
2. W
hy
was th
e Un
ion
’s blo
ckad
e called
the “A
naco
nd
a P
lan
”?
3. W
hat w
as th
e blo
od
iest on
e-day
battle o
f th
e Civ
il War?
4. W
hat d
id L
inco
ln’s E
man
cipatio
n P
rocla
matio
n d
o?
5. W
hich
battle w
as co
nsid
ered a
majo
r turn
ing p
oin
t in th
e war fo
r the N
orth
?
6. W
hat w
as th
e first Civ
il War b
attle o
n G
eorg
ia so
il?
7. W
hat d
id U
nio
n G
enera
l Willia
m T
ecum
seh S
herm
an
do in
Geo
rgia
?
8. W
hat w
as th
e Atla
nta
Cam
paig
n?
9. G
enera
l Sh
erman
’s troop
s march
ed fro
m A
tlan
ta to
Sav
an
nah
, leavin
g a
path
of
destru
ction
alo
ng th
e way. W
hat w
as th
is called
?
10. W
hich
priso
n ca
mp
had
the h
igh
est dea
th ra
te of a
ny
Civ
il War p
rison
?
11. D
escribe th
e war’s effect o
n th
e Sou
th:
© 2
01
4 B
rain
Wrin
kles
1. W
hich
side b
elieved
that th
e states sh
ou
ld h
ave m
ore p
ow
er than
the n
atio
nal
gov
ernm
ent?
Sou
th
2. W
hy
was th
e Un
ion
’s blo
ckad
e called
the “A
naco
nd
a P
lan
”?
It was d
esign
ed to
squ
eeze the life o
ut o
f th
e Con
federa
cy b
y cu
tting o
ff su
pp
lies.
3. W
hat w
as th
e blo
od
iest on
e-day
battle o
f th
e Civ
il War?
Battle o
f A
ntieta
m
4. W
hat d
id L
inco
ln’s E
man
cipatio
n P
rocla
matio
n d
o?
Freed
slaves in
states fig
htin
g a
gain
st the U
nio
n; sh
ifted th
e goal o
f th
e Un
ion
Arm
y
5. W
hich
battle w
as co
nsid
ered a
majo
r turn
ing p
oin
t in th
e war fo
r the N
orth
?
Battle o
f G
ettysb
urg
6. W
hat w
as th
e first Civ
il War b
attle o
n G
eorg
ia so
il?
Battle o
f C
hick
am
au
ga
7. W
hat d
id U
nio
n G
enera
l Willia
m T
ecum
seh S
herm
an
do in
Geo
rgia
?
He ca
ptu
red A
tlan
ta a
nd
left a p
ath
of d
estructio
n th
rou
gh
Geo
rgia
as h
e march
ed
to S
avan
nah
.
8. W
hat w
as th
e Atla
nta
Cam
paig
n?
In 1
864, S
herm
an
left Ten
nessee a
nd
cap
tured
Atla
nta
an
d b
urn
ed th
e city to
the
gro
un
d.
9. G
enera
l Sh
erman
’s troop
s march
ed fro
m A
tlan
ta to
Sav
an
nah
, leavin
g a
path
of
destru
ction
alo
ng th
e way. W
hat w
as th
is called
?
Sh
erman
’s March
to th
e Sea
10. W
hich
priso
n ca
mp
had
the h
igh
est dea
th ra
te of a
ny
Civ
il War p
rison
?
An
derso
nv
ille priso
n ca
mp
11. D
escribe th
e war’s effect o
n th
e Sou
th:
Eco
nom
y su
ffered—
cotto
n p
rod
uctio
n d
rop
ped
dra
stically
; farm
s, hom
es,
railro
ad
s, tow
ns w
ere destro
yed
; no m
on
ey to
pay
war d
ebts (b
an
kru
pt)
© 2
01
4 B
rain
Wrin
kles
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
Write a paragraph
from your
perspective of the
event—as if you
were right there
capturing the
picture.
Draw a picture of ONE of
the major battles or
campaigns of the Civil War
that we have studied.
Event Title Name
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
*Here are extra textboxes for the paragraphs. Students (who need more room for writing) cut these out and
staple once on top of the camera textbox. This will create a flap-style book on the camera.
Directio
ns: Im
ag
ine th
at y
ou
are eith
er a C
on
federa
te or U
nio
n so
ldier a
live d
urin
g th
e Civ
il Wa
r.
Write a
sho
rt no
te to y
ou
r fam
ily d
escribin
g o
ne o
f th
e imp
orta
nt ev
ents fro
m th
e Civ
il Wa
r. (Keep
in m
ind
the sid
e that y
ou
are o
n.) O
n th
e fron
t, draw
an
illustra
tion
of th
e even
t an
d in
clud
e a sh
ort
greetin
g.
A S
oldier’s Postcard
© 2
01
4 B
rain
Wrin
kles
Fron
t
Ba
ck
Teacher Info – Historical Marker
• Have the students choose one of the important events from
the Civil War.
• The students will create a historical marker to tell tourists the
significance of what happened at that location.
• They will need to include an illustration of the event, as well
as a description of what happened and why it was important
to the Civil War.
© 2014 Brain Wrinkles
© 2
01
4 B
rain
Wrin
kles
Directio
ns: C
ho
ose o
ne o
f th
e imp
orta
nt ev
ents o
f th
e Civ
il Wa
r. Yo
u w
ill create a
histo
rical m
ark
er to
tell tou
rists the sig
nifica
nce o
f w
hat h
ap
pen
ed a
t that lo
catio
n.
Draw
an
illustra
tion
of th
e even
t. Also
, write a
descrip
tion
of w
hat h
ap
pen
ed a
nd
wh
y it w
as
imp
orta
nt to
Civ
il Wa
r histo
ry. Write th
e na
me o
f th
e even
t in th
e circle.