KEYNOTE

Larry Anderson ISAG member (International Scientific Advisory Group)

As an advisor to RESCEU, I have had the chance see the program from a distance.  It covers the

waterfront with clinical, epidemiologic, surveillance, economic, and laboratory studies and

efforts to develop best practices/standards for managing patients.  They have developed an

impressive collaborative network that includes 12 academic or public health groups from 7

countries and 6 pharmaceutical companies. They have engaged scientific societies, patient

organizations, regulatory agencies, and policy makers to help develop and implement projects

and apply findings to action and developing policy. They are also keeping an eye to the future

with storage strategies that recognize that the data and specimens they are collecting will be

unique, invaluable opportunities for future study.

RESCEU is a monumental and complex undertaking. This size and complexity gives it great

potential but also risks.  Is this size and complexity needed? Yes.  Some of the most pressing

questions in RSV require large multi-center collaborative studies. Existing data is often

divergent and based on relatively small numbers and clarifying these divergent results can only

accomplished with the type of coordinated, large multi-center studies that RESCEU is

developing. RESCEU has a unique chance to answer many critically important RSV questions that

include risk factors for severe disease, burden of reactive airway disease induced by infection

in the young infant, validated biomarkers of disease severity, immune correlates of protection,

and strain associated virulence factors.

It appears the leadership has put the elements in place for success but challenges remain. Two

of the challenges are 1) maintaining collaboration and cooperation among the groups and 2)

keeping primary goals in sight.  A high level of collaboration and cooperation is essential to

ensuring the unique opportunities of this multi-center collaborative study are not lost.

Balancing the desire to immediately pursue promising new leads (there will likely be many)

with the need to achieve RESCEU’s primary goals will also be challenging. However, the benefits

of RESCEU’s success are truly motivating, i.e. the opportunity to fill many knowledge gaps in

RSV disease and be a landmark in efforts to treat and prevent RSV disease.

RESCEU WP2 data analysis meeting in AmsterdamTask 1 in WP2 focuses on accessing existing national level routine health data, to assess the

healthcare burden of RSV in at least six EU countries (Denmark, Netherlands, Finland, UK /

Scotland, Italy, France and Norway).

The main objectives are:

To provide estimates of RSV disease burden in all age groups, in young children, the elderly,

and in certain high risk groups such as premature infants and adults with chronic diseases such

as COPD, asthma or diabetes.

To assess the association of RSV and subsequent childhood illnesses such as wheezing / asthma

/ pneumococcal disease.

To provide data to estimate the resulting economic burden of RSV (WP3).

  Since February 2017 a group has been working together to progress this task and have held

regular teleconferences to discuss the governance approvals required in each country to gain

access to routine health data, definitions for various important data items , and methods for

carrying out the analyses of the health data within each country.

  In order to finalise the analysis plan for WP2 Task 1 a meeting was arranged for all the

partners involved in this work. The meeting was held in a hotel near Amsterdam airport on

23rd Jan 2018. Twenty RESCEU colleagues from 12 different organisations (Partners: University

of Edinburgh, Scotland; RIVM, Netherlands; Turku University Hospital & THL, Finland; SSI,

Denmark; Penta, Italy; University of Antwerp, Belgium; Affiliates: NIPH, Norway; ASC

Academics, Netherlands; EFPIA: Sanofi, Janssen and AstraZeneca) took part in the all-day

meeting and for many it was the first time they had met face-to-face. There was much

discussion and participation from everyone which facilitated agreement and decision making

for the proposed analysis plans.

  The varying health systems in each country, the different routes to accessing health data,

variation in the data collected and capabilities for linking datasets, add a great deal of

complexity to this task. Definitions for various items were discussed including:

RSV season

Surveillance years

Laboratory confirmed RSV episodes

Hospital admission and readmissions

Inclusion criteria for GP episodes

Risk groups.

Other topics covered included:

Modelling methods (time series and cost effectiveness analysis)

Consistency between different disease and drug coding systems

Cost and resource use analysis

  In summary, good progress in WP2 Task 1 has been made in each country and the main aim is

now to finalise an analysis plan and commence initial analysis during Spring 2018 with the

target of completing the analyses for the main research questions by the end of 2018. Further

discussions on the analysis plan for WP2 Task 1 will take place at the GAM pre-meeting in

Oxford on 20th June 2018.

RSV vaccines of the world 2017The RSV Vaccines For the World conference 2017 took place on 29th November - 1st December

in Malaga, Spain. Researchers and physicians from all over the world were invited to join the

discussions and share their knowledge, including many RESCEU Partners.

Click on the picture above to see the summary video of the event!

Papers of the month in collaboration with ReSViNET

January 2018

Strong Association of RSV and HMPV with Lower Respiratory Symptoms

Sarna M, Lambert SB, Sloots TP, Whiley DM, Alsaleh A, Mhango L, Bialasiewicz S, Wang D,

Nissen MD, Grimwood K, Ware RS. Viruses causing lower respiratory symptoms in young

children: findings from the ORChID birth cohort, Thorax, 2017 Dec 15, in press. Available from:

doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210233.

Summary

Disease-pathogen associations of respiratory viruses were described in a longitudinal

community-based birth cohort study by Sarna and colleagues. This study was conducted among

158 term born infants from Australia who were followed up until their second birthday. Virus-

specific attributable fractions in the exposed (AFE) was calculated to quantify the proportion

of virus-positive infants whose acute respiratory infection (ARI) symptoms could be attributed

to that particular virus. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (HMPV)

were strongly associated with higher risk of lower respiratory symptoms (AFE: 68% (95% CI

45%-82%) and 69% (95% CI 43%-83%)). This has highlighted the substantial impact of developing

vaccines against these two viruses. However, the estimate is at a population level and cannot

inform the aetiology of ARI at an individual level. Also, coinfection with multiple aetiological

agents complicated the definition of individual contribution from each agent.

Full article on Thorax.

Upcoming major RSV/respiratory meetingsESPID 2018 

The 36th Annual Meeting of the European Society for Paediatric Infectious Diseases (ESPID) will

be held in Malmö, Sweden, from May 28th  to June 2nd  highlighting specific Paediatric

Infectious Diseases topics and breaking news. The meeting also aims at providing networking

opportunities for future cooperation between prominent researchers and experts in the field

of paediatric infectious diseases, epidemiology and immunology as well as young researchers

and clinicians. A first version of the scientific programme has been made available on the

meeting website, including interactive case sessions, pre-meeting industry symposia and the

Walter Marget Educational Workshop to promote shared learning between young participants

and faculty.

MAY 28,2018 – JUNE 2, 2018

MALMÖ, SWEDEN

http://espidmeeting.org

  ERS INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS

The European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress, now coming to its 28th edition,

will take place in Paris, from September 15th to September 19th, 2018. The congress, with over

22,000 delegates attending last year and a similar expected attendance for 2018, will bring

together researchers, clinicians, health professionals and other respiratory professionals, and

will cover key topics in respiratory medicine from across the spectrum of disease areas. This

year, a particular attention will be devoted to the importance of the environment in

respiratory health; the need to personalise medicine in the respiratory arena; interactions

with microorganisms in our environment as well as those that live in peace within human

organism. Deadline for clinical case submission is March 19. Deadline for Session proposals is

April 4.

SEPTEMBER 15 – SEPTEMBER 19, 2018

PARIS, FRANCE

https://erscongress.org

 

INTERNATIONAL RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS SYMPOSIUM

The Respiratory Syncytial Virus Society is holding their 11th  International RSV Symposium at

the Omni Grove Park Inn, Asheville, North Carolina. This is the premier global conference for

RSV researchers in academia and industry, hosting scientists, students, non-profits, regulators,

sponsors and industry. Further details will be made available shortly on https://www.isirv.org.

OCTOBER 31 – NOVEMBER 4, 2018

OMNI GROVE PARK INN, ASHEVILLE, NC, USA

List of recent RSV papers February

  González-Parra G, De Ridder F, Huntjens D, Roymans D, Ispas G, Dobrovolny HM.

A comparison of RSV and influenza in vitro kinetic parameters reveals differences in infecting time. PLoSOne. 13(2):e0192645.

  Molina IG, Esperante SA, Marino-Buslje C, Chemes LB, de Prat-Gay G. Cooperative RNA recognition by a viraltranscription antiterminator. J Mol Biol., in press.

  Kalinowski A, Galen BT, Ueki IF, Sun Y, Mulenos A, Osafo-Addo A, Clark B, Joerns J, Liu W, Nadel JA, Dela CruzCS, Koff JL. Respiratory syncytial virus activates epidermal growth factor receptor to suppress interferonregulatory factor 1-dependent interferon-lambda and antiviral defense in airway epithelium.

Mucosal Immunol., in press.  

Broberg EK, Waris M, Johansen K, Snacken R, Penttinen P, European Influenza SurveillanceNetwork.Seasonality and geographical spread of respiratory syncytial  virus  epidemics in 15 Europeancountries, 2010 to 2016. Euro Surveill.;23(5).

  Blanken MO, Paes B, Anderson EJ, Lanari M, Sheridan-Pereira M, Buchan S, Fullarton JR, Grubb E, Notario G,Rodgers-Gray BS, Carbonell-Estrany X. Risk scoring tool to predict respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisationin premature infants. Pediatr Pulmonol., in press.

  Mosquera RA, De Jesus-Rojas W, Stark JM, Yadav A, Jon CK, Atkins CL, Samuels CL, Gonzales TR, McBeth KE,Hashmi SS, Garolalo R, Colasurdo GN. Role of prophylactic azithromycin to reduce airway inflammation andmortality in a RSV mouse infection model. Pediatr Pulmonol., in press.

  Beran J, Lickliter JD, Schwarz TF, Johnson C, Chu L, Domachowske JB, Van Damme P, Withanage K, FissetteLA, David MP, Maleux K, Schmidt AC, Picciolato M, Dieussaert I. Safety and immunogenicity of 3 formulationsof an investigational respiratory syncytial virus vaccine in non-pregnant women: results from two phase IItrials. J Infect Dis., in press.

  Li X, Li J, Meng L, Zhu W, Liu X, Yang M, Yu D, Niu L, Shen X. Viral etiologies and epidemiology of patientswith acute respiratory infections based on sentinel hospitals in Gansu Province, Northwest China, 2011-2015. J Med Virol., in press.

  Cagno V, Andreozzi P, D'Alicarnasso M, Jacob Silva P, Mueller M, Galloux M, Le Goffic R, Jones ST, Vallino M,Hodek J, Weber J, Sen S, Janeček ER, Bekdemir A, Sanavio B, Martinelli C, Donalisio M, Rameix Welti MA,Eleouet JF, Han Y, Kaiser L, Vukovic L, Tapparel C, Král P, Krol S, Lembo D, Stellacci F. Broad-spectrum non-toxic antiviral nanoparticles with a virucidal inhibition mechanism. Nat Mater;17(2):195-203.

  Winterstein AG, Choi Y, Meissner HC.  Association of Age With Risk of Hospitalization for RespiratorySyncytial Virus in Preterm Infants With Chronic Lung Disease. JAMA Pediatr.;172(2):154-160.

  Backman K, Ollikainen H, Piippo-Savolainen E, Nuolivirta K, Korppi M. Asthma and lung function in adulthoodafter a viral wheezing episode in early childhood. Clin Exp Allergy;48(2):138-146.

  January

  Goodwin E, Gilman MSA, Wrapp D, Chen M, Ngwuta JO, Moin SM, Bai P, Sivasubramanian A, Connor RI, Wright

PF, Graham BS, McLellan JS, Walker LM. Infants Infected with Respiratory Syncytial  Virus  Generate Potent Neutralizing Antibodies that Lack

Somatic Hypermutation. Immunity, in press.  

Torchin H, Rousseau J, Marchand-Martin L, Truffert P, Jarreau PH, Ancel PY. Palivizumab administration inpreterm infants in France: EPIPAGE-2 cohort study. Arch Pediatr., in press.

  Vekemans J, Moorthy V, Giersing B, Friede M, Hombach J, Arora N, Modjarrad K, Smith PG, Karron R, GrahamB, Kaslow D.  Respiratory syncytial  virus  vaccine research and development: World Health Organizationtechnological roadmap and preferred product characteristics. Vaccine, in press.

  Sun T, Yu HY, Zhang CL, Zhu TN, Huang SH.  Respiratory syncytial  virus  infection up-regulates TLR7expression by inducing oxidative stress via the Nrf2/ARE pathway in A549 cells. Arch Virol., in press.

  Chasqueira MJ, Paixão P, Rodrigues ML, Piedade C, Caires I, Palmeiro T, Botelho MA, Santos M, Curran M,Guiomar R, Pechirra P, Costa I, Papoila A, Alves M, Neuparth N. Respiratory infections in elderly people: viralrole in a resident population of elderly care centers in Lisbon, winter 2013-2014. Int J Infect Dis., in press.

  Obando-Pacheco P, Justicia-Grande AJ, Rivero-Calle I, Rodríguez-Tenreiro C, Sly P, Ramilo O, Mejías A, BaraldiE, Papadopoulos NG, Nair H, Nunes MC, Kragten-Tabatabaie L, Heikkinen T, Greenough A, Stein RT, Manzoni P,Bont L, Martinón-Torres F. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Seasonality: A Global Overview. J Infect Dis., in press.

  Li M, Li J, Yang J, Liu J, Zhang Z, Song X, Yao Z, Ma C, Li W, Zeng R, Wang K, Wei L.RSV  replication ispromoted by autophagy-mediated inhibition of apoptosis.

J Virol., in press.  

Jepsen MT, Trebbien R, Emborg HD, Krause TG, Schønning K, Voldstedlund M, Nielsen J, Fischer TK. Incidenceand seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisations in young children in Denmark, 2010 to 2015.

Euro Surveill.;23(3), in press.  

Amat F, Plantard C, Mulliez A, Petit I, Rochette E, Verdan M, Henquell C, Labbé G, Heraud MC, Evrard B, LabbéA. RSV-hRV co-infection is a risk factor for recurrent bronchial obstruction and early sensitization 3 yearsafter bronchiolitis.

J Med Virol., in press.  

Thorburn K, Fulton C, King C, Ramaneswaran D, Alammar A, McNamara PS.  Transaminase levels reflectdisease severity in children ventilated for respiratory syncytial  virus(RSV) bronchiolitis.  Sci Rep.29;8(1):1803.

  Pangesti KNA, Abd El Ghany M, Walsh MG, Kesson AM, Hill-Cawthorne GA.  Molecular epidemiology ofrespiratory syncytial virus. Rev Med Virol., in press.

  Rademacher J, Fuge J, Welte T, Gottlieb J, Suhling H.  Infection Transmission among Lung TransplantCouples. Transpl Infect Dis., in press.

  Paul SP, Hicks SS, Sanjeevaiah MK, Heaton PA. Where did the salt go? Turk J Pediatr. 2017;59(3):345-348.

  Comas-García A, Noyola DE, Cadena-Mota S, Rico-Hernández M, Bernal-Silva S. Respiratory syncytial virus-AON1 genotype emergence in central Mexico in 2009 and evidence of multiple duplication events. J InfectDis., in press.

  Domachowske JB, Khan AA, Esser MT, Jensen K, Takas T, Villafana T, Dubovsky F, Griffin MP.  Safety,Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of MEDI8897, an Extended Half-Life Single-Dose RespiratorySyncytial  Virus  Prefusion F-Targeting Monoclonal Antibody Administered as a Single Dose to HealthyPreterm Infants.

Pediatr Infect Dis J., in press.  

Pickens JA, Tripp RA.Verdinexor Targeting of CRM1 is a Promising Therapeutic Approach against RSV andInfluenza Viruses. Viruses;10(1), in press.

  Trang TP, Whalen M, Hilts-Horeczko A, Doernberg SB, Liu C. Comparative effectiveness of aerosolized versusoral ribavirin for the treatment of respiratory syncytial  virus  infections: A single-center retrospectivecohort study and review of the literature. Transpl Infect Dis., in press.

  Verhein KC, Vellers HL, Kleeberger SR.  Inter-individual variation in health and disease associated with

pulmonary infectious agents. Mamm Genome., in press.  

Wu P, Escobar GJ, Gebretsadik T, Carroll KN, Li SX, Walsh EM, Mitchel EF, Sloan C, Dupont WD, Yu C, Horner JR,Hartert TV.  Effectiveness of Respiratory Syncytial  Virus  Immunoprophylaxis on BronchiolitisHospitalizations among High-risk Infants. Am J Epidemiol., in press.

  Rose EB, Wheatley A, Langley G, Gerber S, Haynes A. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Seasonality - United States,2014-2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.;67(2):71-76.

  Zhong Q, Feng H, Lu Q, Liu X, Zhao Q, Du Y, Zhang XH, Wang JR. Recurrent wheezing in neonatal pneumoniais associated with combined infection with Respiratory Syncytial  Virus  and Staphylococcus aureus orKlebsiella pneumoniae. Sci Rep.;8(1):995.

  Ma Y, Jiao YY, Yu YZ, Jiang N, Hua Y, Zhang XJ, Fu YH, Peng XL, Zheng YP, Anderson LJ, He JS. A Built-In CpGAdjuvant in  RSV  F Protein DNA Vaccine Drives a Th1 Polarized and Enhanced Protective ImmuneResponse. Viruses;10(1), in press.

  Carbonell-Estrany X, Dall'Agnola A, Fullarton JR, Rodgers-Gray BS, Girardi E, Mussa A, Paniagua N, Pieretto M,Rodríguez-Fernandez R, Manzoni P.  Interaction between healthcare professionals and parents is a keydeterminant of parental distress during childhood hospitalisation for respiratory syncytial virus infection(European RSV Outcomes Study [EROS]). Acta Paediatr., in press.

  Kim AR, Lee DH, Lee SH, Rubino I, Choi HJ, Quan FS.  Protection induced by  virus-like particle vaccinecontaining tandem repeat gene of respiratory syncytial virus G protein. PLoS One;13(1):e0191277.

  Kulkarni PS, Hurwitz JL, Simões EAF, Piedra PA.  Establishing Correlates of Protection for VaccineDevelopment: Considerations for the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Field. Viral Immunol., in press.

  Rosas-Salazar C, Shilts MH, Tovchigrechko A, Schobel S, Chappell JD, Larkin EK, Gebretsadik T, Halpin RA,Nelson KE, Moore ML, Anderson LJ, Peebles RS Jr., Das SR, Hartert TV.  Nasopharyngeal Lactobacillus isAssociated with Childhood Wheezing Illnesses Following Acute Respiratory Syncytial  Virus  Infection inInfancy. J Allergy Clin Immunol., in press.

  Manti S, Harford TJ, Salpietro C, Rezaee F, Piedimonte G. Induction of high mobility group box-1 in vitro andin vivo by respiratory syncytial virus. Pediatr Res., in press.

  Morikawa Y, Miura M, Furuhata MY, Morino S, Omori T, Otsuka M, Chiga M, Obonai T, Hataya H, Kaneko T,Ishikura K, Honda M, Hasegawa Y; Tokyo Pediatric Clinical Research Network. Nebulized hypertonic saline ininfants hospitalized with moderately severe bronchiolitis due to RSVinfection: A multicenter randomizedcontrolled trial. Pediatr Pulmonol., in press.

  Zheng XY, Xu YJ, Guan WJ, Lin LF.  Regional, age and respiratory-secretion-specific prevalence ofrespiratory viruses associated with asthma exacerbation: a literature review. Arch Virol., in press.

  Ederveen THA, Ferwerda G, Ahout IM, Vissers M, de Groot R, Boekhorst J, Timmerman HM, Huynen MA, vanHijum SAFT, de Jonge MI.  Haemophilus is overrepresented in the nasopharynx of infants hospitalizedwith  RSV  infection and associated with increased viral load and enhanced mucosal CXCL8responses.Microbiome, in press.

  Blackburn RM, Zhao H, Pebody R, Hayward AC, Warren-Gash C. Laboratory-confirmed respiratory infectionsas predictors of hospital admission for myocardial infarction and stroke: time-series analysis of Englishdata for 2004-2015. Clin Infect Dis., in press.

  Fan R, Wen B, Liu W, Zhang J, Liu C, Fan C, Qu X. Altered regulatory cytokine profiles in cases of pediatricrespiratory syncytial virus infection. Cytokine, in press.

  Chahar HS, Corsello T, Kudlicki AS, Komaravelli N, Casola A. Respiratory Syncytial  Virus  Infection ChangesCargo Composition of Exosome Released from Airway Epithelial Cells. Sci Rep., in press.

  Mebratu YA, Tesfaigzi Y. IL-17 Plays a Role in RSV-induced Lung Inflammation and Emphysema in Elastaseand LPS-injured Mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol., in press.

  MacBean V, Drysdale SB, Yarzi MN, Peacock JL, Rafferty GF, Greenough A.

Respiratory viral infections in infancy and school age respiratory outcomes and healthcare costs. PediatrPulmonol., in press.

  Park MS, Kim JI, Lee I, Park S, Bae JY, Park MS.  Towards the Application of Human Defensins asAntivirals.Biomol Ther (Seoul), in press.

  Tian P, Xu D, Huang Z, Meng F, Fu J, Wei H, Chen T. Evaluation of truncated G protein delivered by liveattenuated Salmonella as a vaccine against respiratory syncytial  virus.  Microb Pathog.;115:299-303, inpress.

  Lee YT, Ko EJ, Kim KH, Hwang HS, Lee Y, Kwon YM, Kim MC, Lee YN, Jung YJ, Kang SM. Cellular ImmuneCorrelates Preventing Disease Against Respiratory Syncytial  Virus  by Vaccination with  Virus-LikeNanoparticles Carrying Fusion Proteins. J Biomed Nanotechnol.;13(1):84-98, in press.

  Schnell J, Schroeder L, Sinclair K, Patel L, Dowd D.  The Effect of Early Knowledge of RespiratorySyncytial Virus Positivity on Medical Decision Making and Throughput Time Within the Pediatric EmergencyDepartment. Pediatr Emerg Care, in press.

  Schmidt ME, Knudson CJ, Hartwig SM, Pewe LL, Meyerholz DK, Langlois RA, Harty JT, Varga SM. Memory CD8Tcells mediate severe immunopathology following respiratory syncytial  virusinfection.  PLoSPathog.;14(1):e1006810.

  Hasegawa K, Pérez-Losada M, Hoptay CE, Epstein S, Mansbach JM, Teach SJ, Piedra PA, Camargo CA Jr,Freishtat RJ.  RSV  vs. rhinovirus bronchiolitis: difference in nasal airway microRNA profiles and NFκBsignaling. Pediatr Res., in press.

  Wollmeister E, Alvarez AE, Bastos JCS, Marson FAL, Ribeiro JD, Baracat ECE, Arns CW, RiccettoAGL.Respiratory syncytial virus in Brazilian infants - Ten years, two cohorts. J Clin Virol.;98:33-36.

  Babady NE, England MR, Jurcic Smith KL, He T, Wijetunge DS, Tang YW, Chamberland RR, Menegus M,Swierkosz EM, Jerris RC, Greene W. Multicenter Evaluation of the ePlex Respiratory Pathogen Panel for theDetection of Viral and Bacterial Respiratory Tract Pathogens in Nasopharyngeal Swabs.  J ClinMicrobiol.;56(2), in press.

  Bermingham IM, Chappell KJ, Watterson D, Young PR.  The Heptad Repeat C Domain of the RespiratorySyncytial Virus Fusion Protein Plays a Key Role in Membrane Fusion. J Virol.;92(4), in press.

  Cohen DM, Kline J, May LS, Harnett GE, Gibson J, Liang SY, Rafique Z, Rodriguez CA, McGann KM Sr., GaydosCA, Mayne D, Phillips D, Cohen J.  Accurate PCR Detection of Influenza A/B and RespiratorySyncytial Viruses by Use of Cepheid Xpert Flu+RSV Xpress Assay in Point-of-Care Settings: Comparison toProdesse ProFlu. J Clin Microbiol.;56(2), in press.

  Goldstein E, Nguyen HH, Liu P, Viboud C, Steiner CA, Worby CJ, Lipsitch M. On the Relative Role of DifferentAge Groups During Epidemics Associated With Respiratory Syncytial Virus. J Infect Dis.;217(2):238-244.

  Liu P, Xu M, He L, Su L, Wang A, Fu P, Lu L, Wang C, Xu J. Epidemiology of Respiratory Pathogens in Childrenwith Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Shanghai, China, from 2013 to 2015. Jpn J Infect Dis.;71(1):39-44.

  Basile K, Kok J, Dwyer DE.  Point-of-care diagnostics for respiratory viral infections.  Expert Rev MolDiagn.;18(1):75-83.

  Janet S, Broad J, Snape MD.  Respiratory syncytial  virus  seasonality and its implications on preventionstrategies. Hum Vaccin Immunother.;14(1):234-244.

  Lê VB, Riteau B, Alessi MC, Couture C, Jandrot-Perrus M, Rhéaume C, Hamelin MÈ, Boivin G.  Protease-activated receptor 1 inhibition protects mice against thrombin-dependent respiratory syncytial virus andhuman metapneumovirus infections.

Br J Pharmacol.;175(2):388-403.  

December  

Bender J, Chew R, Lin BB, Athan E. Severe Rhabdomyolysis Associated With RSV. Open Forum Infect Dis. 22;5(1):ofx273.

  Wu Y, Jiang S, Ying T.  Single-Domain Antibodies As Therapeutics against Human Viral Diseases.  FrontImmunol. 13;8:1802.

  Lin W, Qiu P, Jin J, Liu S, Ul Islam S, Yang J, Zhang J, Kormelink R, Du Z, Wu Z.  The Cap Snatching ofSegmented Negative Sense RNA Viruses as a Tool to Map the Transcription Start Sites of Heterologous Co-infecting Viruses. Front Microbiol. 14;8:2519.

  Chan M, Park JJ, Shi T, Martinón-Torres F, Bont L, Nair H; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Network (ReSViNET). Theburden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) associated acute lower respiratory infections in children withDown syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Glob Health.;7(2):020413, in press.

  Stewart CJ, Hasegawa K, Wong MC, Ajami NJ, Petrosino JF, Piedra PA, Espinola JA, Tierney CN, Camargo CA Jr,Mansbach JM.  Respiratory syncytial  virus  and rhinovirus bronchiolitis are associated with distinctmetabolic pathways. J Infect Dis., in press.

  Sydenham TV, Bek-Thomsen M, Andersen SD, Kolmos B, Marmolin ES, Trebbien R, Møller JK.  Comparativeevaluation of the CerTest VIASURE flu A, B &  RSV  real time RT-PCR detection kit on the BD MAXsystem versus a routine in-house assay for detection of influenza A and B  virusduring the 2016/17influenza season. J Clin Virol.;99-100:35-37, in press.

  Braun MR, Deflubé LR, Noton SL, Mawhorter ME, Tremaglio CZ, Fearns R.  RNA elongation by respiratorysyncytial virus polymerase is calibrated by conserved region V. PLoS Pathog.;13(12):e1006803.

  Gonzalez MD, McElvania E. New Developments in Rapid Diagnostic Testing for Children. Infect Dis Clin NorthAm. 2018 Mar;32(1):19-34.

  Yamamoto K, Ogasawara N, Yamamoto S, Takano K, Shiraishi T, Sato T, Tsutsumi H, Himi T, YokotaSI.Evaluation of consistency in quantification of gene copy number by real-time reverse transcriptionquantitative polymerase chain reaction and  virus  titer by plaque-forming assay for human respiratorysyncytial virus.

Microbiol Immunol., in press.  

Jans J, Unger WWJ, Vissers M, Ahout IML, Schreurs I, Wickenhagen A, de Groot R, de Jonge MI, FerwerdaG.Siglec-1 inhibits  RSV-induced interferon gamma production by adult T  cells in contrast to newbornT cells.Eur J Immunol., in press.

  Liu D, Chen Q, Zhu H, Gong L, Huang Y, Li S, Yue C, Wu K, Wu Y, Zhang W, Huang G, Zhang L, Pu S, WangD.Association of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Toll-Like Receptor 3-Mediated Immune Response with COPDExacerbation Frequency.

Inflammation, in press.  

Rostad CA, Stobart CC, Todd SO, Molina SA, Lee S, Blanco JCG, Moore ML. Enhancing the thermostability andimmunogenicity of an RSV live attenuated vaccine by incorporating unique RSV line 19F protein residues.JVirol., in press.

  Hassan F, Hays LM, Bonner A, Bradford BJ, Franklin R Jr, Hendry P, Kaminetsky J, Vaughn M, Cieslak K, MoffattME, Selvarangan R.  Multicenter Clinical Evaluation of the Alere™ i  RSV  Isothermal Nucleic AcidAmplification Assay. J Clin Microbiol., in press.

  Ling L, Kaplan SE, Lopez JC, Stiles J, Lu X, Tang YW.  Parallel validation of three molecular devices forsimultaneous detection and identification of influenza A, B and respiratory syncytial  viruses.  J ClinMicrobiol., in press.

  Jiang W, Wu M, Zhou J, Wang Y, Hao C, Ji W, Zhang X, Gu W, Shao X. Etiologic spectrum and occurrence ofcoinfections in children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. BMC Infect Dis.;17(1):787.

  Kwon YS, Park SH, Kim MA, Kim HJ, Park JS, Lee MY, Lee CW, Dauti S, Choi WI.

Risk of mortality associated with respiratory syncytial virus and influenza infection in adults. BMC InfectDis.;17(1):785.

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This project has received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking under grantagreement Nº 116019. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020

research and innovation programme and EFPIA.