Kick OffDecember 9, 2013

•Analyze the map on page 778.•Then, answer the questions beneath the map on page 131 in your notebook.

1. Which nations were members of the Allied Powers in 1914?

France, Montenegro, Russia, Serbia, United Kingdom

Which nations made up the Central Powers?Austria, Hungary, Germany

2. Given the alliances and the size of the armed forces in Europe in 1914, what might happen if conflict broke out?The Allied Powers have more troops and would likely win, but would face a difficult challenge defeating Germany.

Use the map on page 778 of your textbook to label Europe in 1914.

Color the Allies, the Central Powers, and the neutral nations. (Use a key!)

Ntbk pg 132

THE GREAT WAR (WORLD WAR I), 1914-

1918CHAPTER 26

Notebook page 133

CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I

DUKE

THE “MAIN” CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I

•MILITARISM- massive military buildup throughout Europe; colonization around the world• ALLIANCES• Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy• Triple Entente: France, Russia, Great Britain

• IMPERIALISM•NATIONALISM- strong devotion to one’s national group or culture

WAR BREAKS OUT

• June 28, 1914 – assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (Austria-Hungary) by Gavrilo Princip (member of Serbian nationalist group, Black Hand)• Austria declares war on Serbia, July 28, 1914

• Franz Ferdinand and Sophie

• Gavrilo Princip

MOBILIZATION

• Russia sides with Serbia, prepares for war•Germany (A-H’s ally) mobilizes against Russia•Germany declares war on Russia, then France•Schlieffen Plan•German plan to avoid war on two fronts•Quickly defeat France, then head east to Russia

•Germany invades neutral Belgium•Great Britain declares war on Germany (GB sides with Russia)

A NEW KIND OF WAR

•Trench warfare•New technology•Poison gas•Rapid fire machine guns•Tanks•Aircraft

THE HOME FRONT

• Total War – war required all of a society’s resources• Factories produced military equipment• Citizens conserved food• Government censored newspapers to control public opinion• Propaganda (information to influence opinion)

•Women •Worked in factories• Sent food and weapons• Nurses

WESTERN FRONT BATTLES

• Use the textbook page 786 and 787 to complete this graphic organizer. Who fought? When? Result

Battle of Verdun

Battle of the Somme

3rdBattle of Ypres

WESTERN FRONT BATTLES

• Use the textbook page 786 and 787 to complete this graphic organizer. Who fought? When? Result

Battle of Verdun

Germany attacked France

Feb – Dec 1916 Stalemate;Massive causalities for both sides

Battle of the Somme

Allies attacked Germany

June- December 1916

Central victory

3rdBattle of Ypres

British attacked Germany

July – November 1917

Undecided victory

AROUND THE WORLD

•Gallipoli Campaign• Allied effort to destroy guns and forts that lined the Dardanelles• Allies gave up

• Armenian Massacre, 1914•Genocide- deliberate destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group

Armenian

Massacre

Armenian

Massacre

Armenian

Massacre

Kick OffDecember 11, 2013

1. Why did the artist use a fan and a block of ice in this cartoon?

2. Was this cartoon created by a supporter or an opponent of US entry into the war? How can you tell?

Kick OffDecember 11, 2013

1. Fan – shows it was hot

Block of ice – shows that American patience was lessening2. A supporter, because it appears that the ice will melt; Uncle Sam appears angry or frustrated

RUSSIAN REVOLUTION POSTER

• Read pages 790-791 (Russia and World War I)•What were the conditions like in Russia?•With your partner, create a poster encouraging or discouraging people to join the Bolshevik movement for a revolution in Russia. • Include reasons to support your point of view, and pictures/symbols. USE COLOR!

RUSSIAN REVOLUTION

• Bolsheviks – Marxist group in Russia that wanted a revolution• Leader: Vladimir Lenin• Goal: Proletariat (industrial workers) gain power and rule

Russia as a socialist country

• Russia in bad shape• Poor economy• Not prepared for WWI• People are hungry

RUSSIAN REVOLUTION

• Protest in Petrograd• No one listens to Czar; he is forced to abdicate• End of the Russian monarchy

• Duma establishes provisional government, led by Alexsandr Kerensky• 1917 October Revolution• Start of Bolshevik Revolution• Kerensky’s gov. collapses• New leader: Lenin

AFTER THE REVOLUTION

•Makes peace with Central powers• Civil War – “Red Army” (Bolsheviks) vs. “White Army” (opposed Bolsheviks)• 3 years• Bolsheviks win in late 1920

• New economic policy• Permits some capitalism

• United Soviet of Socialist Republic (USSR), or Soviet Union formed

UNITED STATES

• Neutral

• Germany uses unrestricted submarine warfare• Sinks Lusitania, a GB passenger ship• Kills 1200; 120 Americans• US complains, Germany claims they will stop

• Zimmerman Note• From Germany to Mexico• Mexico should attack US; will get Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico

• 1917, US enters war on Allied Side

US INVOLVEMENT

• Read about the Important Battles with your shoulder buddy.

• Write at least 2 facts for each: the 2nd Battle of the Marne and the events of October 1918

• When did the war end?

A DIFFICULT PEACE

• Wilson’s (US) vision for world peace: The 14 Points• Reduction of weapons, Right for people to chose their own

government, organization to protect one another from aggression

• France wants to punish Germany

• GB wants to punish Germany, but does not want to weaken them

• Italy wants to gain territory• Ignored by US, France, and GB

TREATY OF VERSAILLES

• Germany forced to pay large amounts to victims of the war

• Germany must take full responsibility

TREATY OF VERSAILLES

• Copy the following graphic organizer into your notebook. Answer the questions using your textbook with your shoulder buddy.

Treaty of Versailles

When and where was it signed?

4 Parts of the Treaty: Outcome of the Treaty

LEAGUE OF NATIONS

• Goals• Encourage international cooperation• Keep peace between the nations

• Problem: it does not represent everyone• Germany excluded• US gov. refuses to ratify the treaty (fearing another war)

IMPACT OF THE WAR

• Use your textbook and your shoulder buddy to complete the graphic organizer on the impacts of World War I.

CATEGORY DESCRIPTIONHuman Costs

Political Change

IMPACT OF THE WAR

CATEGORY DESCRIPTION

Human Costs - 9 million killed- Germany, France, and Russia lost

almost an entire generation

Economic Costs - France, Belgium and Russia devastated

- Europe lost role as dominant economic region of the world (US and Japan prospered during war)

Political Change - Russia now communist- Old Monarchies are gone (A-H),

Germany, Ottoman Empire, Russia

Unrest in the Colonies - Many colonists thought they would gain independence after fighting for sovereign

- Independence would have to wait.