Kick offSeptember 25, 2013
Define:- Medieval (362)- Christendom (363)- Abbot (364)- Benedictine Rule (364)- Monasticism (363)
How do religions spread? How does religion impact a society?
Early Middle Ages
England, 400s – Angles and Saxons establish kingdoms Converted to Christianity in the 500s
by Augustine of Canterbury Alfred the Great (ruler of England) pushed the Danes out of England Reorganized army, issued codes of law,
improved finances, established schools Gaul (France today) – Franks
Convert to Christianity
New Kingdoms in Europe
If you found something that you love, what would you do?
Christianity offers comfort, promise of happy afterlife, sense of community
Missionaries Augustine of Canterbury, Patrick (Ireland)
Gregory the Great Pope became one of the most influential
figures in Europe Augustine of Hippo
City of God God did not abandon Rome!
Christendom
Monks and Monasteries, p. 364 - 365
BENEDICTINES
CELTIC MONASTERIES
Benedictines Celtic Monasteries- Most common form in
Europe- Based on writings of
Benedict of Nursia (Italy 500s)
- Benedictine Rule- Benedict was first abbot,
or leader- Vows of poverty and
obedience- Prayer and labor- Farm work and copying
manuscripts (preserved knowledge of Greece and Rome)
- No central authority; each monastery run by abbot chosen by the monks or by a noble (independent)
- Monks ran schools- Centers of wealth and
power, as kings and nobles donated money or gifts in exchange for prayers
- Wealth led monasteries to become involved in politics as advisers and aides
- Ireland- More severe than
Benedictines- Long fasts and spent days in
solitary contemplation- Monasteries built on small
islands far offshore to separate monks from society (stay focused on faith)
- Led by abbots- Celtic abbots had more
power than Benedictine abbots
- Lindisfarne monastery - Scholars, ran schools- Active missionaries- Spread Christianity to British
Isles, France and Germany
Charlemagne’s Empire
Carolingians
Charles Martel Pippin III Charlemag
ne
Carolingians
• Charles Martel – political adviser and war leader for Frankish king
• Pippin III – first king in the family• Charlemagne – military power,
king of the Franks and Lombards, Emperor of the Roman People
Education Religion
Convert to Christianity, or be put to death
Law Recorded laws New laws based on
Christian teachings
A New Society
Vikings Northern Europe Sailors Viking Raids – looting,
selling people into slavery Leif Eriksson discovered
N. America, 1000s Magyars
Central Asia, nomadic Horses
Muslims
Invaders
1. What do you think caused the political boundaries in western Europe to change between 815 and 1215?
1. Territories merged together or were taken over by other leaders and were unified as kingdoms and empires.
2. What do you think happened during the Middle Ages to allow Christianity to spread so far in such a short period of time?
2. More territory was conquered, allowing for Christianity to spread quickly.
HomeworkDefine the following vocabulary words on your index cards.
•Muhammad (258)•Qur’an (259)•Five Pillars of
Islam (259)•Mosque (260)•Jihad (260)•Caliph (263)•Caliphate (263)•Sunnis (263)•Shia (264)•Minarets (274)
Cornell Notes - pages 257 – 261.