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Kidde Engineered Fire Suppression System
25 bar Equipment Hardware Engineered for use with3M™ Novec™ 1230 Fire Protection Fluid
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System Design Presentation for Fire System Engineers and Specifiers
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The long-term, sustainable solution
Trade NameNOVEC
1230Halon1211
Halon1301
FM-200™FE-227™ FE-13™
ECAROFE-25™
Properties HFC-227ea HFC-23 HFC-125Ozone DepletionPotential (ODP)
0.0 4.0 12.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Global WarmingPotential - IPCC2001
1 1300 6900 2900 11700 2800
AtmosphericLifetime in years
0.014(5 days)
11.0 65.0 33.0 264 33.0
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The Physics of Fire
• Fire Triangle
Fuel, Oxygen & Heat
• What is fire?
The state of combustion in which inflammable material burns, producing heat, flames and often smoke.
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How Does Novec 1230 Fluid Work?
• Fire can be extinguished by the following mechanisms
– By interrupting the combustion chain reaction– By containing or eliminating the source of fuel– By cutting off or diluting the source of oxygen– By removing sufficient heat from the fire
• Novec 1230 fluid has the highest heat capacity of any
commercially available Halon alternative, resulting in
the lowest extinguishing concentrations for a given
fuel.
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Kidde Engineered Fire Suppression System
Engineered for use with3M™ Novec™ 1230 Fire Protection Fluid
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Design Fundamentals
• Designer must determine whether agent is suitable for risk material(s).
• Total flood application requires that the risk area be of adequate integrity to maintain the desired concentration for at least 10 minutes.
• Fan tests are usually recommended to determine if leakage is within appropriate limits
• Designer must determine whether expected temperature range is suitable for the equipment and/or flow calculation method
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1. Determine Mass of Agent Required
2. Evaluate Nozzle Flow Rates & Coverage
3. Design Distribution Piping
Design Basics
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• Volume of protected space.
• Elevation above (or below) sea level.
• Temperature range in protected space.
• Fuel / Fire Risk.
Relevant Factors:
[1] Mass of Agent
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Volume of Risk
• Calculate gross volume of space. Always round-up rather than down.
• Do not forget to add the volume of recessed areas such as window frames.
• Reduce gross volume if there are permanent impermeable objects or structural elements within the risk.
Mass of Agent
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Height of risk relative to sea level
• Atmospheric pressure (and so air density) varies with altitude
• Apply correction factor to basic agent quantity if risk is +/- 1000m or more above sea level (software has field for elevation data entry).
• Note: Risk areas significantly above sea level will require less agent, while those below sea level will require more!
Mass of Agent
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Temperature effects
• Use minimum anticipated temperature unless otherwise stipulated by authority responsible.
• The target is a specified minimum % agent to air. When the air is cold it is more dense, therefore reducing the temperature will increase the mass of air present within a risk. To maintain a minimum concentration the quantity of agent delivered must be increased as the temperature drops.
Mass of Agent
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Fuel / Fire Risk and Concentration V/V %
• Standard Class A Fire (Surface fire, wood or other cellulose material) 5.33% concentration.
• Class B (Flammable Liquids)
- Diesel @ 4.42% conc.
Mass of Agent
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Fuel / Fire Risk and Concentration V/V %
• Energised Electrical Equipment5.33% concentration - EDP Areas, Battery Room, Switchboard Room, Computer Rooms, Data Archives.
Mass of Agent
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Calculation of Flooding Factor
• Table 3-2, page 3-4, Design, Installation, Operation and Maintenance Manual
• Formulae
• Kidde Novec 1230 Flow calculation software
Mass of Agent
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• Min / Max Height
• Coverage, Positioning & Orientation
• Discharge patterns
[2] Nozzle Selection
Relevant Factors:
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Min / Max Height
• The minimum height of any void with standard nozzle spacing is 300mm. For more shallow voids contact KFP for guidance.
• The maximum height, floor to ceiling for a single row of nozzles is 4.87 m. Beyond this additional tiers will be required, each up to 4.87 m apart.
Nozzle Coverage
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Maximum Area Coverage and Position
• Maximum area per nozzle 118.8m2
• 360o Length of 10.9 m, Width of 10.9 m
• 180o Length of 10.9 m, Width of 10.9 m
• 360o nozzle to be located close to the centre of the protected area of coverage.
• 180o nozzle to be located close to the centre of the wall.
• 180o nozzles may be used in a back-to-back configuration. The nozzles should be placed between 0.3 to 0.6 m apart.
[DIO&M Manual - Section 3-2.3.5,PAGE 3-11]
Nozzle Coverage
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WidthWidth
Length12.1 m 7.7 m
Nozzle Coverage
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Discharge Pattern, theoretical, plan view.
Nozzle
Coverage
360 degree 180 degree
Nozzle Coverage
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[3] Distribution Piping
• Fully Engineered
• Tee splits; permitted type and orientation
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Distribution PipingEngineered Systems
• Require hydraulic flow calculations using Kidde Flow Calculation Software which provide detailed printable reports.
• Allows for unbalanced apportioning of agent.
NOTE: It is recommended that floor and ceiling voids are protected unless they are completely sealed from the main risk.
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100%
100%
25-75%
10-35%
65-90%
Tee Split Summary
Distribution Piping
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• Cylinders: - Capacity - Storage location
• Actuation
• Hardware and Ancillaries
• Distribution pipe work and pilot lines
Hardware Elements :
[4] Cylinders and System Components
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Cylinder Valve
Outlet Adapter
Cylinder Strap Cylinder
ControlHead(s)
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Agent Storage Containers
Cylinders - fill range and capacities
• Maximum Fill density 1.12 kg/l.
(Reducing fill density improves the flow characteristics of the agent)
• Minimum Fill Density 0.56 kg/l.
• 5, 8, 16, 28, 51, 81, 142, 243 & 368 Litre sizes available.
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Cylinders are manufactured in accordance with 99/36/EC
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System Approval
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Actuation
Actuation Methods and Components
• Control Options
• Kidde Actuation Hardware
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Actuation Methods
• Manual local operation
• Remote Cable operation
• Pressure operated by pilot cylinder
• Electric Solenoid operation
• Slave Actuation via pressure from Master Novec cylinder.
Actuation
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Control Heads :- Agent Cylinder Valve, N2 Pilot Cylinder, Discharge Delay and Stop Valve [FM] actuation.
• Lever Operated
• Pressure Operated
• Cable Operated
• Lever/Pressure Operated
• Pneumatic control head c/w lever and cable facility
• Solenoid, stackable* or ex-proof.
* Not suitable for N2 Pilot Cylinder or 80mm(3”) Valve
Actuation
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Lever OperatedControl Head
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Pressure Operated Control Head
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Lever / Pressure Operated Control Head
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Electric Control Headc/w Manual Release
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Stackable Control Head
*Not suitable for N2 Pilot Cylinder or 80mm(3”) Valve
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PneumaticControl Headc/w ManualLever & CableRelease
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Nitrogen PilotCylinder& Adapter
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Standard BreakGlass Pull Handle
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Agent Cylinder Valve40 mm, 50 mm & 80 mm
(1½”, 2” & 3”).
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Thank you
If there are any questions please do not hesitate to ask!