Monday 29 March, 2010

kilimokwanza@guardian.co.tz

Finance Minister Mustafa Mkullo

The Guardian KILIMO KWANZA

COVER STORY

Monday 29 March, 2010

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The Guardian KILIMO KWANZA Monday 29 March, 2010

2 EDITORIAL

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Tanzania can become world’sbiggest food exporterEgypt's future de-pends on agricul-ture and yet it is adesert country.Tan-zania can do thesame with its waterand fertile soil, tobecome the world’stop food exporter,says the Egyptianambassador

A day in Msimbazi Valley,Dar es Salaam’s vegetable gardenMsimbaziValley was de-clared a disaster area,that means it is not sup-posed to be inhabited.There was only one so-lution given: Relocate.But photojournalistSayuni Kimarofound a different storyon the ground afterday’s investigation

All ministries’ budgetsto refocus on AgricultureThe process of estab-lishingTanzania Agricul-ture Development Bank(TADB) is going on well.So far, the conceptpaper and terms of ref-erences to be used bythe consultant for thefeasibility study havebeen prepared.

Government makesagriculture top priorityIn the next three years,Tanzanians are set towitness a fundamentaltransformation of theircountry’s economic andphysical landscape, as theFourth Phase govern-ment moves to refocusall developmentactivities around theagriculture sector

In the nextthree years,Tanzaniansare set towitness afundamentaltransforma-tion of theircountry’seconomicand physicallandscape,as theFourth

Phasegovernmentmoves torefocus alldevelopmentactivitiesaround theagriculturesector.

Speaking exclusively to TheGuardian Kilimo Kwanza,Finance and EconomicAffairs Minister MustafaMkullo disclosed that thebudgets of all governmentministries are being refo-cused “to ensure that they

are in line with the implementation of theAgriculture First Strategy”.

Said the minister: “Each ministry hasto implement the Kilimo Kwanza strategyin line with its core activities. Out of thenine pillars of Kilimo Kwanza, theMinistry

of Finance and Economic Affairs has a re-sponsibility ion the second pillar which is fi-nancing the Agriculture First strategy. Theministry has the task to refocus ministries’budgets to consider that they are in linewith the implementation of the AgricultureFirst Strategy.”

Mr Mkullo further disclosed that overthe next three financial years, governmentis going to fund the irrigation of seven mil-lion hectares.

This could easily be the largest publicprogramme in the country’s history.Currently, only one and a half millionhectares of land are under permanent agri-culture. But even intermittent agriculturalactivity only brings the total to four millionhectares.

Now the budgetary allocations for fi-nancial years 2010/11 – 2012/13 are goingto provide funds for irrigation “over sevenmillion hectares”, that is increasing theland today under permanent agriculture by500 percent.

The minister further revealed that thegovernment will go out to “encourageDevelopment Partners to support KilimoKwanza”. Late last year, the developmentpartners called a meeting with the govern-ment to reach an understanding overKilimo Kwanza. Recently, the EuropeanUnion came out to openly support the strat-egy and pledge to give assistance to it.

According to Mr Mkullo, governmentwill also go out to mobilise grants and loansfor the proposed Tanzania AgricultureDevelopment Bank. While the process ofsetting up the bank is still under way, theTanzania Investment Bank is set to open aspecial window that will serve the agricul-ture sector.

FULL INTERVIEW, Pages 4 and 5

Governmentmakes agriculture

top priority

AGRICULTURE, Food Security andCooperatives minister StephenWassira was recently quoted as reiter-ating the fact that it would be fool-hardy talking about Tanzania’s econo-my without discussing the country’sagriculture.

With an overwhelming 80 per cent its population en-gaged in agriculture, and therefore deriving a livelihoodfrom the sector, Tanzania is indeed a predominantly agri-cultural economy – meaning that agriculture is by all ac-counts the major economic activity in the country.

Wassira and his Finance and Economic Affairs coun-terpart Mustafa Mkullo speak much the same language.The latter says until recently agriculture accounted forover 40 per cent of the country’s gross domestic product,contributes over 30 per cent of the total value of the coun-try’s exports and 70 per cent of employment opportunitiesand contributes some 65 per cent of the raw materials fedinto the country’s manufacturing sector.

Thus, alongside being a major foreign exchange earn-er that therefore plays a truly crucial role in the country’ssocial and economic development, agriculture has crucialforward and backward linkages to manufacturing andother key sectors of the economy.

As notes times without number, good performance ofthis sector is vital for the eradication of hunger, allevia-tion of poverty, the control of inflation, promotion of eco-nomic growth and stability of the national economy.

This is primarily why Southern African DevelopmentCommunity member states have jointly and severallyseen the need to develop, coordinate and harmonise poli-cies and programmes that enhance, on a sustainable ba-sis, agriculture and natural resources production and pro-ductivity as well as overall food security.

The bloc has long endorsed plans of action to reversethe situation with strategies seeking to increase sustain-able agricultural financing and investment, enhance pro-duction and availability of food, improving access to safeand nutritious food, strengthening disaster preparedness,and mitigate the impact of HIV/AIDS on agriculture andfood security.

SADC has gone on to underline the need to establisha regional food reserve facility as part of its disaster pre-paredness strategy as well as draw up an irrigation de-velopment and water management programme.

The bloc has further been advocating timely provisionof and access to key inputs such as seed, fertiliser andagro-chemicals as well as increased production and widerconsumption of drought-resistant, particularly in espe-cially lean years.

Both Wassira and Mkullo fully subscribe to SADC’sideas, plans and strategies, which they see tying in excel-lently with those of Tanzania, where agriculture has longbeen widely viewed and described as the backbone of the

national economy and the plan has all along been to giveit first priority.

Both ministers rightly view ‘Kilimo Kwanza’ as es-sentially an integral part of a structural adjustment pro-gramme aimed at seeing Tanzania undergo a GreenRevolution, on part by pushing for enhanced R & D inagriculture.

For his part, Wassira confesses to the fact that the1980 and 1990s saw the country’s agriculture wilt mainlybecause research was relegated to the back burners.

He sees the ongoing Agricultural Sector DevelopmentProgramme as basically an investment initiative of in-vesting into communities and supporting them in start-ing, developing and maintaining small-scale irrigationprojects and imparting to farmers the knowledge aboutthe basics of improved agriculture.

The central government and local government au-thorities chip in with funding, mainly in the form of sub-sidies to farmers for the purchase of inputs like fertiliserand improved seed, but also in training aimed at mod-ernising small-holder agriculture activities.

But the Finance minister has even better news for thenation: not only is the process expected to lead to the birthof a national agriculture development bank is going onwell but a special window through which to support agri-culture is already in place at the Tanzania InvestmentBank.

Want to hear more? The minister reveals that thegovernment allocated 20 billion/- to ‘Kilimo Kwanza’ inthe 2009/2010 budget, the total budget for agriculturestanding at 666.9 billion/- and including 40 billion/- for ir-rigation. True to its word, and in the spirit of the SADCprotocols, the governmentmade agriculture one of the pri-ority areas in this financial year’s budgetary allocationand has promised to consider the sector a lot morefavourably come FY 2010/2011.

Mkulo says his ministry has “the task” of increasingbudgetary allocation to ‘Kilimo Kwanza’, which will goalongside mobilising loans and grants arrangements forthe planned agriculture bank.

He has further not only stated that the budgets of allother ministries will similarly be oriented to supporting‘Kilimo Kwanza’, adding that the government would en-courage Tanzania’s development partners to support theinitiative.

This should go a long way in making ‘Kilimo Kwanza’tick, which should herald the dawn of the TanzanianGreen Revolution we have been craving for.

Wallace MauggoEditor

Taking the fundingwhere it belongs

Art & Design: KN Mayunga To have your organisation promoted in Kilimo Kwanza, Call: 0787 571308, 0655 571308 0754 571308

SIDO IN KILIMOKWANZA CAMPAIGN

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The Guardian KILIMO KWANZA

WHAT OTHERS SAY

Monday 29 March, 2010

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The Guardian KILIMO KWANZA Monday 29 March, 2010

4 COVER STORY

The Minister forFinance andEconomic AffairsMstafa Mkullotakes TheGuardian’s AngelNavuri throughthe process ofestablishing theAgriculture Bankand government’smove to refocusthe budget insupport ofagriculturaldevelopment

QUESTION: Where is the agricul-ture bank that we have been hearingabout?

ANSWER: The process of establishingTanzania Agriculture Development Bank(TADB) is going on well. So far, the conceptpaper and terms of references to be used bythe consultant for the feasibility study havebeen prepared. While there is this process,a special window for agriculture has beenestablished by the Tanzania InvestmentBank. In considering Kilimo Kwanza, inthe budget of 2009/10, the total amount of20bn/- was allocated and the governmenthas already spent 3bn/- for this purpose.

Q: How is TADB going to operate?And when is it starting?

A: The motivation of TADB is resolvingthe multifaceted problems in Tanzania’sagriculture sector that lie in long-term fi-nancing for agriculture at reasonable fi-nancial terms. It is envisaged that largescale borrowers would conduct appraisal,approval and monitoring of loans. Mediumscale borrowers and small scale borrowers(who must be a member of a registeredgroup) would submit their loan request toTADB through intermediaries such as com-mercial banks, community banks and SAC-COS. Intermediers will ensure that the ap-plicants have complied with the loan appli-cation checklist and submit the applicationto TADB and remain the link between theapplicant and TADB.

Q: Will it also be able handle indi-vidual farmers as customers?

A: This will be cleared after the sub-mission of the feasibility study report bythe consultant.

Q: What is agriculture’s contribu-tion to the GDP, export earnings, em-ployment and industrial inputs?

A: Until recently, agriculture account-ed for over 40 percent of the country GDP.It contributes over 30 percent of the totalvalue of the county’s export and 70 percentof employment opportunities. The sectoralso contributes and 65 percent of the rawmaterials used in Tanzanians manufactur-ing sector.

A: Exactly how much has the gov-ernment put up for agriculture this fi-nancial year apart from the shs 40bn/-for irrigation?

A: In 2009/10, the budget allocation foragriculture sector was 666.9bn/-. The per-centage of the national budget allocated toagriculture has increased from 2.9 percentin 2001/2002 to 6.4 percent in 2008/09, andthe implementation of the Budget and planGuideline for the year 2010/2011-2012/13will also focus increasing budgetary alloca-tion to irrigate over seven million hectors.

Q: In 1982, Mwalimu Nyerere saidthat all ministries’ activities should beplanned around serving the agricul-ture sector? How far is the govern-ment today upholding the idea?

A: A number of plans and programswere initiated in the past in an effort to im-prove the agriculture sector, these include,the Iringa Declaration of “siasa ni kilimo”,followed by “Kilimo cha Kufa na Kupona”just to mention a few, and above all, the

Arusha Declaration’s main pillar was agri-cultural transformation.

The vision 2025 main focus is trans-forming the agriculture sector so do theCCM party 2005 Manifesto and differentgovernment programme (ASDP), MKUKU-TA, KILIMO KWANZA. So the currentgovernment is not far from the MwalimuNyerere’s idea, it is continuing with theidea in various ways. Now as we have theKilimo Kwanza strategy, eachMinistry has

to implement the Kilimo Kwanza strategyinline with its core activities. Out of ninepillars of Kilimo Kwanza, the Ministry ofFinance and Economic Affairs has respon-sibility in a second pillar which is financingthe Agriculture First strategy. TheMinistry has the task to refocus Ministrybudgets to ensure that there are inline withthe implementation Agriculture FirstStrategy.

Q: What are other incentives are

All ministries’ budgets to refocus on Agriculture

there for the local farmers?A: For the year 2008/09, budgetary al-

location to agriculture was 6.4 percent ofthe budget, of which a large portion hasbeen allocated for fertilizer subsides, theSpecial Grain Reserve (SGR), Research onParticularly on improved seeds and train-ing , these were incentives to all farmers.

Q: On the current situation in

Rukwa where framers have producedmaize which is rotting, does the gov-ernment has any plans to promote thesetting up of primary industries forprocessing and protecting the farmproduce?

A: Government is putting efforts in col-lecting all excess produce in all regions so asto supply regions with shortages. The agro-processing industry in Tanzania is still inits infancy stage and Government is put-

ting efforts in it and looking for forwardlinkages in agriculture. Likewise,Government recognizes the role of the pri-vate sector in such industries. Therefore,government ensure that there is conduciveenvironment for private investors who caninvest in agro- industries. Governmentthrough the National food ReserveAuthority is collecting and preserves all theproduces before supplying them to the ar-eas which have shortages.

Q: The Government said that nextbudget will have lots of focus of KilimoKwanza, what is it that the govern-ment is focusing on, where is the dif-ferent?

A: For the financial year 2009/10, agri-culture was one of the priority areas inbudgetary allocation. By implementing thesecond pillar of Kilimo Kwanza, Ministry ofFinance and Economic Affairs has a task of

increasing budgetary allocation to KilimoKwanza, this will go together with mobiliz-ing loans and grants arrangements forTADB, budget of all other ministries to beoriented to supporting Kilimo Kwanza andencourage Development partners to sup-port Kilimo Kwanza.

Q: How is the government expendi-ture going to change and reflect thatKilimo Kwanza is a priority?

A: Agriculture is among the sectorswhich are given priority in budgetary allo-cation. There are agriculture plans, pro-grams and activities which most of themare under ASDP.

These plans, programs and activitieshave a range of priorities that should be di-rected on priority basis. In 2010/11. Thebudgetary allocation for agriculture will beincreasing progressively.

Over 7,000,000 hato be irrigated

A modern irrigation water station.Tanzania will have to build manyof these in the next three years

President Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete launched Kilimo Kwanza last August.

Prime Minister Mizengo Pinda, champion of Kilimo Kwanza in the government.

The Guardian KILIMO KWANZAMonday 29 March, 2010

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The Guardian KILIMO KWANZA Monday 29 March, 2010

6 URBAN FARMING URBAN FARMING

A day inMsimbaziValley,Dar’svegetablegarden

DesperateMsimbazi farmers

nearly lynchphotojournalist

etable suppliers of the city,” Leo saidAnother irritated who identified himselfwith only one name as Mroki, bitterly stat-ed that they never to see any person espe-cially the from journalists to researchersgoing to the valley claiming to interviewthem.

At some stage he lost his cool attackedthis reporter by throwing hardened drymud lumps at her. “You are the people whopromised us wells which we have neverseen”, he yelled. “You know what lady, foryour own sake just disappear and nevercome back. Who do you think you are fool-ing here? Since I started practicing veg-etable farming in this area, that was morethan ten years ago, nothing has changed.People are using us in request for donorfunds for their projects but we have notseen any development.”

Grabbing a stick and menacingly ap-proaching this reporter again, he hissed:“There is no single well that will enable usproducing vegetables of high quality. Weare loosing a lot nowadays as the plants arebeing attacked by pests and diseases. Wealso know the water being used is not thatgood.”

That was the time to flee, as other an-gry farmers joined Mroki and tried to as-sault this reporter.

A close survey of the area before the sit-uation turned dangerous for this reporterfound that the farmers queue up for the im-provised tap water to water their plants asothers are busy filling the upstanding buck-ets at the beginning of the crude system.Most of them were complaining about thequality of water for irrigation. Only few ur-ban farmers have access to safe, piped wa-ter.

“If at all the government acknowledgeswhat we do here they would have providedus with at least a well and pump to easy ourwork a bit,” One George Paul complained.This was not the right time or place to re-mind them that they were not supposed tobe there in the first place.

But they continue to provide a big partof Dar es Salaam’s leafy vegetables likemchicha (amaranthus), sweet potatoleaves, pumpkin leaves, cassava leaves,sweet paper, hot paper, okra, cucumber,cabbage and cowpea leaves. Amongst thereasons why the polluted valley continuesto “thrive”, as Mzee Leo observes, is prox-imity to the market. The highly perishablevegetables do not tolerate long journeys.This remains an advantage for theMsimbazi vegetables which reach the mar-kets in fresh condition, and also face lowtransportation costs.

By Sayuni Kimaro

Msimbazi Valley wasdeclared a disasterarea by the gov-ernment, thatmeans it is notsupposed to be in-habited because ofthe high flood risks

and associated health hazards. There wasonly one solution given: Relocate.

The public has also been repeatedlywarned against consuming vegetablesgrown in the valley, because of dangerouslyhigh levels of heavy metal content in thepolluted river water which is used to irri-gate the vegetable gardens. But that doesnot mean activity or settlement inMsimbazi has stopped. In fact as some peo-ple obey the directive to relocate, others ar-rive, determined to take advantage of thecheap plots for farming and building.Kilimo Kwanza’s Sayuni Kimaro last weektoured the area and talked to the farmerswho live dangerously and continue feedingDar es Salaam with tonnes of vegetableswhose safety has been questioned by healthofficials.

Although the government alerted peo-ple that the water from Msimbazi valley isheavily polluted and therefore cannot beused for irrigating the vegetables and ad-vised people to leave the area, many havesimply refused to move, arguing that theyfully depend on the farming activities forthe survival of their families. They have

pledged not to use the Msimbazi streamwater for irrigation and that they would digand obtain clean water. But can we taketheir word completely on this?

During interviews with these urbanfarmers, their leader Mr. Evarist Leo toldKilimo Kwanza that practicing agriculturein the area is very challenging as the cli-matic condition of the region is not so goodfor practicing farming and the soils in Dares Salaam region are not particularly fertileas they are mixed alluvial deposits (sands,silts and clay).

Leo noted that the main problem theyface in fulfilling their duties is lack of ade-quate water. According to him farmers inthe area are forced to invent their ownwaysof getting water for their vegetable plants.

Some of the farmers in the area made acrude borehole and obtain water from it anduse empty buckets to create a high pointfrom which gravity can be used to distrib-ute the water. The contraption is reminis-cent of ancient Egyptian shadoofs, though itbeing used right in a modern city of thetwenty first century.

Explains Leo, “What we do then is tofetch water from the bowl and fill it in thebuckets from where it is streamed to reachto the sprinkler and thus watering theplants. It is very hectic to do that as youhave to use much energy for almost thewhole day lifting the buckets.

“To be honest, there is nothing goodwhen it comes to urban agriculture. Thegovernment does not support us at all de-spite the fact that we are the main veg-

The condemned farmlandsof Msimbazi valley arelargely watered with pol-luted water but provide alot of Dar es Salaam’s veg-etables. The desperatefarmers have even impro-vised to come up withwater distribution contrap-tions reminiscent of theancient Egyptian shadoof.

All photos by Sayuni Kimaro

“Egypt's futuredepends on agri-culture and yet itis a desert coun-try. Tanzania cando the same be-cause it has waterand fertile soil. Goahead and use it,we are there tooffer the help thatwe have, for wehave a commondestiny and to-gether we can bemuch strongerthan separate.”These were open-ing words of theEgyptian Ambas-sador to Tanzania,His ExcellencyWael Adel Nasr,

as he explained toThe Guardian’sANGELNAVURI how hiscountry can assistin the implemen-tation of ourgreen revolution,Kilimo Kwanza.

Egypt has always beenwhat she is today - a pre-dominantly agriculturalcountry. The fertility ofher soil and the climatewith which she is fa-vored have made herproducts a standard of

excellence.Life in Egypt focused largely on agri-

culture. Majority of the population was in-volved in farming. Wheat, fruits and veg-etables were the principal crops, althoughthere was some pastoral farming of cattle,sheep, or goats. The Egyptians cultivated

three kinds of wheat, several types of bar-ley and flax, their main source of textile fi-bre. For a second crop, or in garden plots, awide variety of vegetables were grown in-cluding onions, garlic, leek, Egyptian let-tuce, radishes, cabbage, asparagus, cucum-bers, lentils, peas, beans and many spices.

When the Nile subsided, the waterwould slowly run off, leaving behind all thefertile mud and silt which would then soakdown deep into the soil. About a month anda half afterwards, the farmer would returnto release the remaining water, now turnedblackish through evaporation.

Once the water had completely drainedaway and the ground was firm enough towalk over, the fields were ploughed once ortwice with oxen pulling the ploughs. Usinghoes, the remaining clumps of soil were bro-ken up.When the seed was thrown over thefield, animals were again used to tramp theseeds into the soil.

“Agriculture in Egypt isn't seasonal ex-cept in some areas It depends on Nile Riverand they plant seasonal crops on its banks.The country is dissected by the River Nile,as it flows north to the Mediterranean Sea,and the surroundingNile Valley, 5-10mileswide, is the country's only fertile land andhome to 98% of the population.

By 19950 Egypt was faced with seriousshortage of arable land, water, food and so-cial services. The country sought knowledgefrom outside including Canada, Germany,France and the US. Today, Egypt, whichhas one million square kilometers (386.6

square miles) of land uses less than 4% isfor crop production. The 82 million peoplelive on only 40.000 square kilometers. Weconcentrate most of our efforts on agricul-ture because our survival depends on it. ”

Question: What is the nature ofEgypt’s assistance to Tanzania in theagriculture sector?

Answer:We signed a contract with theTanzanian government and for instance wehave been drilling boreholes. At first wehad sunk some 30 and now 70. In the com-ing year we will be sending more than 150students to Egypt for studies in Agricultureand other courses too.

The Egyptian Polyserve Group ofCompanies is expected to build a 600bn/-fertilizer plant in Mtwara Region. In thefist phase it will employ 4,800 workers andsecond phase will employ 23,000 staff.Polyserve is just waiting for the govern-ment’s go-ahead.

Presently, the fertilizer consumption inTanzania is below the international levels.Though it is a prime agriculture element,fertilizer is totally imported due to non-ex-istence of local production. Tanzania thusimports fertilizers using its meagre foreignexchange reserves.

Q: Will assistance from donors leadto development of Tanzania’s agricul-ture?

A: No, it won’t. If Tanzania’s agricul-ture has to be self sustaining and it shouldbe done by Tanzania themselves.

Q: What can be done to improvethe agriculture by the Tanzanians?

A: As long as water is well utilized thenTanzania could perform well. The point isnot lack of water as its being propagated inthe media but it is water management. Wehave tried to help with water management.There has been high cooperation with othercountries like Sudan and we expect to havethe same cooperation in Tanzania as weconsider our future as one.

Tanzania has the most fertile soil Ihave ever seen. I have successfully grownfruits in my garden here at my residence. Itis fantastic. Then the water in Tanzania ismore than enough. If its well utilised,Tanzania could easily become the biggestfood exporter in the world. Tanzania haseverything; the number of lakes, its unbe-lievable. If Egypt could have just 1 percentof the rivers in Tanzania, it could do won-ders.

Q: What is your view of KilimoKwanza?

A: We are ready to support it. It is inour interest so we can import fromTanzania in future. The Nile Basin coun-tries should come up with a unity policy sothat we can utilise basic agriculture inputsto become the richest countries in theworld.

Q: What are the outstandingachievements of Egyptian agricul-ture?

A: President Mubarak summarised theobjective of his plan for agriculture in onesimple sentence: “ He who doesn't have hisfood for the day, doesn't have freedom overhis decisions.”

In order to achieve his plans PresidentMubarak did the following:1. Reduced the price of dessert land2. Ordered that all farmers requests ad-

dressed.3. Initiated total reform and liberaliza-

tion of the agricultural economics inEgypt.

4. Allowed full freedom to farmers inchoosing the crops which they wantcultivate.

5. Allowed full freedom of internal andexternal trade of crops and agricultur-al machinery.

6. Established hundreds of agriculturalresearch centers, and laboratories.

7. Implementation of the biggest projectof overcoming agricultural pests usingbiological means, achieving a reduc-

tion of 90% in using chemicals.8. Establishing a Union for Agricultural

Cooperatives, to protect the rights offarmers.

9. Establishing the second biggest agri-cultural library in the world after theAmerican Agricultural Library.

10. Adding more than 2.2 million feddans(acres) of agricultural lands, 250.000 ofthem are in the dessert land of Sinai.

11. Creating more than 2 million job op-portunities in the sector.

12. Implementation of Mubarak'sNational Project for acquisition ofAgricultural Lands for newly graduat-ed students from Universities.

13. Issuing electronic certificates (titledeeds) for land lords, in order to pro-tect their rights.

14. Starting the reclaiming and cultivat-ing of 3.4 million feddans of dessertfrom 1997 till 2017.

15. Increasing yearly agricultural exportsby 15% or 20%.

16. Increasing the growth rate of the sec-tor to 4.1% by the year 2017.

17. Starting the restructuring of theEgyptian Agricultural Credit Bank,with all credit facilities especially tosmall farmers.

Q: Has agriculture helped industri-alization in Egypt?

A: Egypt’s Ministry of agriculture laysgreat stress on the agro industry as it playsa vital role in the national economy ofEgypt, as 20% of the Gross domestic pro-ductivity or GDP as well as exports is com-ing from that sector, and 34% of employ-ment is provided by the Egyptian agricul-tural industries.

The agriculture industry supplies foodto the people of Egypt. The industry alsocovers commodities like pesticides, agricul-ture machinery, agriculture tools andchemical fertilizers. And the Egyptianagriculture industry also provides funds forother industrial sectors of the economic setup.

The Guardian KILIMO KWANZA Monday 29 March, 2010

8 WHAT OTHERS SAY

Tanzania can become world’sbiggest food exporter

Egypt’s Ambassador to Tanzania, His Excellency Wael Adel Nasr