HEALTH AND TECHNOLOGYSid Nayak

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OUTLINE• background

• health and fitness —> technology’s role in understanding the science

• technology usage trends

• 21st century technology and kinesiology

• use of technology by consumers

• wearable tech

• health and fitness apps

• research?

• use of technology by professionals

• platforms for research —> Apple and ResearchKit

• new ways of interacting with clients and patients

• the future of industry

• concerns

• usability —> overly complicated?

• people and issues as data

• privacy concerns

BACKGROUND• Health as a discipline has been studied for thousands of years

• As technology has progressed, the tools for understanding have evolved

• body fat assessment - anthropometric measurement —> calipers —> hydrostatic weighing —> Bod Pod —> BIA —> DEXA

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BACKGROUND• 21st century has seen

large technological changes

• Advent of powerful consumer technology

• High adoption rates (Device Ownership Over Time, 2015)

• over 90% of Americans 18 and older own a cellphone

• about 70% of Americans 18 and older own a smartphone

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BACKGROUND• Health-focused technology in the 21st century

• Rise in usage and popularity of health and fitness technology

• Wearables

• Topic

• Usage of this technology by consumers and professionals

• Can we leverage technology to aid ourselves and our clients/patients

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USE OF TECHNOLOGY BY CONSUMERS

• Wide variety of devices and apps to choose from to log various data (step count, calories burned, weight, caloric intake, sleep)

• Helps with goal-setting and tangible metrics for progress

• Motivation

• Socialization

• Wearable technology may be the “key”

• Market estimated to grow about 35% by 2019 (The Wearables Report, 2015)

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USE OF TECHNOLOGY BY CONSUMERS

• Research on effectiveness of activity trackers

• Lee, Kim, and Welk (2014) - compared measurements of energy expenditure between commercial trackers and a criterion standard; commercial trackers were within 10% of criterion

• New research emergingSource

• Availability of technology extends to professionals in the health field

• Provides new means of interacting with clients/patients (Schmidt, Benchea, Eichin, & Meurisch, 2015)

• App recommendations to enhance effectiveness

• Can gauge client/patient motivation and retention to program (Findley, 2015)

USE OF TECHNOLOGY BY PROFESSIONALS

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USE OF TECHNOLOGY BY PROFESSIONALS

• Opportunity for medical professionals

• Use of wearables and activity trackers can give tremendous insight into patient health

• Ahuja, Ozdalga, and Aaronson (2015) - patient motivation, large amount of data for physicians

• Appleboom et al. (2014) - functional health recovery and independence for patients

• Dwoskin and Walker (2014) - better outcomes for obese patients and those with Type 2 diabetes, larger ramifications of wearable use in medicine

USE OF TECHNOLOGY BY PROFESSIONALS

• Platform for research

• Apple - ResearchKit

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THE FUTURE OF INDUSTRY• New technology that can measure a wider variety of real-world activities

• Professionals need to adapt to changing technological landscape

• Experts in all matters of health

• Use new devices and software as tools

• Rooksby, Rost, Morrison, and Chalmers (2014)

• “lived informatics” —> information tracked by consumers that influences different areas of their lives

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CONCERNS• Issues of usability

• Too complicated?

• “Quantification” of a person (Gilmore, 2015)

• Data collection and privacy issues (Dwoskin & Walker, 2014)

• No FDA regulation

• New technologies that still need to be researched

A Beginner’s Guide to Healthy Apps By Sid Nayak

Eat Healthier

MyFitnessPalTrack the foods you eat to get a breakdown of your nutrient intake; complete with barcode scanner for easy loggingPrice: Free, Works with: iPhone & Android

NutrinoCreate a personalized meal plan based on your health profile, goals, and tastes; constantly adjusts based on your preferencesPrice: Free, Works with: iPhone & Android

Healthy RecipesAccess over 500,000 healthy recipes with videos, tips, and tricksPrice: Free, Works with: iPhone & Android

Fit Men CookContains 150 healthy recipes with video instructions and meal prep guidelinesPrice: $2.99, Works with: iPhone

Move More

StravaRecord distance, time, speed, and other information for running and bicycling routesPrice: Free, Works with: iPhone & Android

C25K (Couch to 5K)Progress over 8 weeks to eventually run a 5K; designed for beginners to allow for gradual progressionPrice: Free, Works with: iPhone & Android

SevenExercise for seven minutes a day by performing a bodyweight circuit; unlock more exercises as time goes onPrice: Free, Works with: iPhone & Android

Full Fitness: Exercise Workout TrainerContains a database of hundreds of exercises, along with pictures and videos, and routines to track progressPrice: $2.99, Works with: iPhone

Live Better

Stop, Breathe & ThinkMeditate for short times throughout the day to be mentally and emotionally refreshedPrice: Free, Works with: iPhone & Android

Sleep Cycle Alarm ClockWake up during the lightest part of the sleep cycle; uses phone’s accelerometer to analyze your sleep cyclesPrice: Free, Works with: iPhone & Android

Addapp InsightsAnalyze different facets of health data from different apps to understand more about your healthPrice: Free, Works with: iPhone

Yoga StudioFind hundreds of yoga poses and different types of classes; designed for all levelsPrice: $3.99, Works with: iPhone

QUESTIONS?

REFERENCES• Ahuja, N., Ozdalga, E., & Aaronson, A. (2015). Integrating mobile fitness trackers into the practice of

medicine. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 1-3. doi:10.1177/1559827615583643

• Appleboom, G., Yang, A. H., Christophe, B. R., Bruce, E. M., Slomian, J., Bruyere, O., . . .Bruce, S. S. (2014). The promise of wearable activity sensors to define patient recovery. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, 21(7), 1089-1093. doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2013.12.003

• Device Ownership Over Time. (2015). Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.pewinternet.org/data-trend/mobile/device-ownership/

• Dwoskin, E., & Walker, J. (2014, June 23). Can data from your fitbit transform medicine? The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from http://www.wsj.com/articles/health-data-at-hand-with-trackers-1403561237

• Findley, K. (2015). Perceived effectiveness of fitness trackers among adults. Current Issues in Health, 1-20. Retrieved from http://knowledge.e.southern.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=cih

REFERENCES• Gilmore, J. N., (2015). Everywear: the quantified self and wearable fitness technologies. New Media &

Society, 1-16. doi:10.1177/1461444815588768

• Lee, J. M., Kim, Y., & Welk, G. J. (2014). Validity of consumer-based physical activity monitors. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 46(9), 1840-1848. doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000287

• Rooksby, J., Rost, M., Morrison, A., & Chalmers, M. (2014). Personal tracking as lived informatics. Association for Computing Machinery, 1163-1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2557039

• Schmidt, B., Benchea, S., Eichin, R., & Meurisch, C. (2015). Fitness tracker or digital personal coach: how to personalize training. Association for Computing Machinery, 1-14. doi:10.1145/2800835.2800961

• The Wearables Report: Growth Trends, Consumer Attitudes, and Why Smartwatches will Dominate. (2015, May 21). Business Insider. Retrieved from http://www.businessinsider.com/the-wearable-computing-market-report-2014-10