NO.3/SacLife Science 13
NO.3/SacLife Science 13
NO.3/SacLife Science 13Vocabulary
1.dikaryon- a cell with two haploid nuclei.2.haploid nuclei- a nucleus with only half the
normal actual number of chromosomes3.nuclear fussion- the process in which two or
more atomic nuclei join together, or "fuse", to form a single heavier nucleus
4.Ascus- a sac-like structure produced by fungi5.digestive enzymes- enzymes that break down polymeric macromolecules into their smaller
building blocks. 6.conidia- asexual unchangeable fungus spores
NO.3/SacLife Science 13
Fungi
Members of “Ascomycota”
Reproduce Sexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction
Produce spores in their ascus(seed bag)
Commonly cylinder-shaped large cell
Inside , there’re 8 ascospores
Both multicellular & unicellular
Have dissepiment- dividing membrane
NO.3/SacLife Science 13
•Body part : Fruiting bodies
NO.3/SacLife Science 13Reproduction
SexualStep 1- compatible hyphae fuse together Step 2- nuclei from the different hyphae move together into one cell to form a *dikaryon.Step 3- cell divisions occur, several cells with two different haploid nuclei per cell form.Step 4- *nuclear fusion of the two haploid nuclei occurs in the ascus mother cell.
Step 5- the ascus mother cell develops into an *ascusStep 6-meiosis occurs in the diploid cells and, four or eight haploid ascospores form in the ascus
NO.3/SacLife Science 13Reproduction
Asexual
Asexual reproduction among the different groups of fungi are very similar.
• Ascomycota reproduce asexually through
budding or the formation of *conidia.
conidia- asexual unchangeable fungus spores
NO.3/SacLife Science 13How they eat/ get food
• Require organic molecules as energy sources. They get these by feeding on dead things.
• To obtain these nutrients , sac fungi deposit
powerful *digestive enzymes.
• They are heterotrophs
NO.3/SacLife Science 13Something cool
Ergot (a type of sac fungi) has been known and used for many centuries, and it was even described in an Assyrian tablet as the "noxious pustule in the ear of grain." In ancient times ergot was also known as "mad grain" and "drunken rye." Then later in European history, there were periodic plagues, which had many symptoms, depending on the dosage of ergot. The possible effects were (mild to severe): (1) burning and convulsions, (2) hallucinations with imaginary sounds, (3) gangrene and loss of limbs, (4) permanent insanity, and, occasionally, (5) death. The initial burning sensation led to the Latin name ignis sacer, which means holy fire. This human malady was so horrible that in 1093 a religious order was founded in southern France to help those afflicted; St. Anthony was the patron saint, so the malady, now called ergotism, was then named St. Anthony's fire.
NO.3/SacLife Science 13Thank you for watching