KMS Technologies – KJT Enterprises Inc.

Strack, K. – M. & Truman II, R.

Advances in Borehole Resistivity Logging

1999

Presentation

Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Annual Meeting, Houston, Invited paper in workshop

“Recent Advances in Logging Methods”

Advances Advances in in

Borehole ResistivityBorehole ResistivityLoggingLogging

K.-M. Strack (KMS Technology)&

R. Truman II (Baker Atlas)

SEG workshop 1999

HDLLHDLL

TCRTCR

HDILHDIL

3D3D-- EMEM

??STARSTAR ?

DLLDLLDPILDPIL MLLMLLTBRTTBRT

ObjectivesObjectives

o Cover vast new logging toolso Software productso MWD/LWDo Imaging tools

Facts:Facts:

• Resistivity logs are commonly used for reserve calculations

• Resistivities are often underestimated (=reserves too low)

• Different logs have – different vertical resolution – different depth of penetration

OutlineOutline

• Basics• Highlight LWD• Array tools why?• Modeling why?• New applications

Oil Oil -- Resistivity relationship: boreholeResistivity relationship: borehole

Rxo Shale R

Oil

Tig ht

Oil

1/2 Oil1/2 Water

Water

t

′′V

V

′V

OutlineOutline

• Basics• Highlight LWD• Array tools why?• Modeling why?• New applications

LWD and LWD and wirelinewireline methods methods definitions:definitions:

•• MWD/LWD MWD/LWD -- measurement/logging measurement/logging while drillingwhile drilling– sensor is part of the drill string;

hostile sensor environment; basic sensors exist; making fast progress, data transmission via mud pulse (few 10 Hz) & memory packages

•• WirelineWireline -- sensor attached to sensor attached to armored long cablearmored long cable– delicate instruments with real time

surface acquisition; formation samplers to high data rate imaging tools (video).

KMS99002e

MWD and MWD and wirelinewireline induction logs induction logs GOMGOM

0.1

1

10

100

60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220

Depth (feet)

App

aren

t Res

istiv

ity

RES10

RES20

RES35

RES60

0.1

1

10

100

60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220

Depth (feet)

Appa

rent

Res

istiv

ity

A10

A20

A30

A60

A90

MWDMWD WirelineWireline

after Meyer, 1997KMS99002l

OutlineOutline

• Basics• Highlight LWD• Array tools why?• Modeling why?• New applications

HDLL

′′V

V

′V

Joint: Induction & GalvanicJoint: Induction & Galvanic

HDIL

WALS97201c

Reserves estimatReserves estimatDPIL vs. HDILDPIL vs. HDIL

Net Pay and Saturation Analysis

DPIL HDILReservoir Thickness: 270 ftNet Pay (ft) 103.6 130.1Net Pay 38.4% 48.2%Por. Feet 15.4 ft18.9 ftHyd. Feet 7.4 ft 9.2 ft

HDIL data allowed 24%more OIIP be booked.

HDILHDIL

DPILDPILHDILHDILDPILDPIL

Step change through hardwareStep change through hardware

WALS98209g

Improved verticalResolution

RtRtGamma rayGamma ray

calipercaliper

SPSP

RxoRxo MLLMLL

DLL DLL HDLL HDLL HDLL HDLL vsvs DLLDLL

WALS98209i

HRAI (High Resolution Array Induction)HRAI (High Resolution Array Induction)

• 10 receiver arrays• one transmitter at dual frequencies• symmetric tool• independent vertical deconvolution for each

receiver array• radial focusing for each matched resolution• 1-, 2-, 4-ft and dynamical resolution displays

• 10 receiver arrays• one transmitter at dual frequencies• symmetric tool• independent vertical deconvolution for each

receiver array• radial focusing for each matched resolution• 1-, 2-, 4-ft and dynamical resolution displays

HRI-type 3-receiver coil arrays to achieve deep high resolution logs

independent of shallow measurements

OutlineOutline

• Basics• Highlight LWD• Array tools why?• Modeling why?• New applications

Induction Log Example Induction Log Example -- DJ BasinDJ Basin

Correcting underpredicted reservesCorrecting underpredicted reserves

Russian BKZ Example Russian BKZ Example –– water water vsvs paypay

OutlineOutline

• Basics• Highlight LWD• Array tools why?• Modeling why?• New applications

Dep

th (ft

)4800

4900

4850

4950

Apparent resistivity (Wm)1 10010 1000

WALS965207l-2

Log run 1 01.22.94Log run 2 01.26.94Induction log 02.27.82Casing collars

TCR Colorado testTCR Colorado test

Real data: HDIL VRM curves

(Estimated dip = 75 degrees) Processed as 0 degree Processed after dip correction

101

102

3570

3575

3580

3585

3590

3595

3600

3605

3610

3615

3620

Resistivity (Ohm.m)

Dep

th (m

)

10 Inch VRM 20 Inch VRM 30 Inch VRM 60 Inch VRM 90 Inch VRM 120 Inch VRM

101

102

3570

3575

3580

3585

3590

3595

3600

3605

3610

3615

3620

Resistivity (Ohm.m)

Dep

th (m

)

10 Inch VRM 20 Inch VRM 30 Inch VRM 60 Inch VRM 90 Inch VRM 120 Inch VRM

KMS Technologies – KJT Enterprises Inc. 6420 Richmond Ave., Suite 610

Houston, Texas, 77057, USA Tel: 713.532.8144

info@kmstechnologies.com

Please visit us

http://www.kmstechnologies.com//