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Knee Anatomy
Sports Medicine
Knee Joint
• The most poorly constructed joint in the body. Femur round, tibia flat.
• Comprised of four bones.– Femur– Tibia– Fibula– Patella
Femur
• Medial and Lateral Condyles- distal ends of the femur.
Patella
• Patella tendon- attaches to the anterior of the tibia.
• Quadriceps tendon-attaches the quadriceps to the patella.
Cruciate Ligaments• Major stabilizing
ligaments in the knee
• Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)-prevents the tibia from sliding out in front of the femur
• Injuries caused by hyperflexion
Cruciate Ligaments
• Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)-It prevents the tibia from sliding backwards under the femur.
• Injuries usually caused by Hyperextension
Collateral Ligament
• Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)- connect the tibia and the femur.
• A force from the lateral side could cause a tear.
Collateral Ligament
• Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)- connect the fibula to the femur.
• A force from the medial side can cause a tear of the LCL
Cartilage
• Articular Cartilage-covers the moving parts of the knee.
• Chronic damage to articular cartilage leads to arthritis.
Cartilage
• Meniscus- half moon shaped cartilage lying between the knee joint.
Meniscus Tear
• Surgery• Chronic Arthritis
Knee Injuries
• ACL Replacement surgery.
• Animation• Animation 2