Knee region Bones Joint Muscles Artery & Nerves Movements at the Knee Flexion / Extension Occurs in sagittal plane Rotation: internal / external - Occurs only when the knee is flexed MOVEMENTMUSCLESNERVESEGMENT ExtensionRectus femorisFemoralL 2, 3, 4 Vastus MedialisFemoralL 2, 3, 4 Vastus LateralisFemoralL 2, 3, 4 Vastus IntermediusFemoralL 2, 3, 4 FlexionSemimembranosusSciaticL 5 S 1 SemitendinosusSciaticL 5 S 1 Biceps FemorisSciaticL 5 S 1,2 SartoriusFemoralL 3, 4 GracilisObturatorL 3, 4 GastrocnemiusTibialS 1,2 UnlockingPopliteusTibialL 4, 5 S 1 Outward RotationBiceps FemorisSciaticL 5 S 1,2 Inward RotationSartoriusFemoralL 3, 4 GracilisObturatorL 3, 4 SemitendinosusSciaticL 5 S 1 PRIME MOVERS OF THE KNEE Quadriceps Rectus femoris Vastus medialis Vastus lateralis Vastus intermedius Quadriceps origin Vastus intermedius Vastus medialis Vastus lateralis Rectus femoris Quadriceps insertion Quadriceps action Extension of knee Walking: helps hip flexion Strong anti-gravity Flexion of knee Main flexors: Hamstrings Sartorious Gracilis Minor flexors: Popliteus Plantaris Gasterocnemius Hamstrings Hamstrings action Extension of hip: when flexion of knee is resisted by quadriceps Flexion of knee: when extension of hip is resisted by hip flexors Medial/lateral rotation of the knee joint: when the knee is flexed Medial/lateral rotation Hamstrings Sartorious Gracilis Pes anserinus Flexion of knee Main flexors: Hamstrings Sartorious Gracilis Minor flexors: Popliteus Plantaris Gasterocnemius Popliteus knee unlocker Gasterocnemius Popliteal fossa Popliteal Fossa: Is the diamond shape and lying behind the knee joint 1. Superolaterally: Biceps Femoris m. 2. Superomedially: Semimembranosus & Semitendinosus m s. 3. Inferolaterally: Lat. Head of Gastrocnemius & Plantaris m s. 4. Inferomedially: Med. Head of Gastrocnemius m. 5. Floor: Popliteal surface of Femur, Capsul of Knee Joint, Popliteal m. 6. Roof: Skin, Superficial Fascia and contents, Deep Fascia A) Situation: B) Boundaries: Popliteal fossa (Borders) Popliteal fossa: floor Popliteal fossa (contents) Popliteal artery Popliteal vein Main nerve brunches Cutaneous nerves Arrangement: Nerves & vessels