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Knight Bright
Group #1:Robin Adams
Nathan Doran Tyler Hemp-Hansen
Shaun Sontos
What is “Knight Bright”?
• Knight Bright is a 2-dimensional, 100 (10x10) pixel tabletop interactive LED (RGB) gaming system.
• The primary motivation behind this project is to develop a fun, easy to use, user-programmable interactive tabletop.
Project Goals• Use the MCU to control an array of LEDs through LED
drivers. • Transmit the output of an IR sensor circuit into the
microprocessor.• Successfully integrate Bluetooth capabilities into the
project.• Successfully integrate USB communication on both
the user and developer levels.• Develop a host programming GUI environment.• Develop an Android based peripheral application.
Specifications and Requirements
Dimensions 20” x 20” x 2”
Resolution 10 x 10
Color Depth 8-bit color or more
Communication Wireless to Android Device (range > 10 m)Serial for USB
Memory Must store at least 3 on-board games
Power < 200 W
H/W Requirements
Component Name # of Components
8-bit MCU unit 3
RGB LED bulb 100
LED driver 20
IR emitter + IR detector 100 + 100
3-to-1 (3:1) AND gate 100
4-to-16 (4:16) Decoder 2
5-to-32 (5:32) Decoder 1
Bluetooth module 1
Android OS mobile device 1
Overall Project Design
Games: Tic-Tac-Toe
Games: Tetris
Games: Battleship
Game Programming
• Desktop programmer GUI can make games and upload them to the board
• Sent to microcontroller via USB serial communication
• Program stored in EEPROM as an assembly language type of program specific to this application
Microcontroller
• ATmega328P• 3 Microcontrollers
– Primary microcontroller – Fetches and executes instructions from EEPROM. Directs actions of the other microcontrollers.
– Display microcontroller – Executes commands related to LEDs and colors
– Input microcontroller – Monitors IR sensors and has a buffer for received input
Selecting the LED DriverModel Name TLC5941 TLC5940 STP16CP05MTR PCA9922
Current supply(max) 80 mA
60 mA (< 3.6 V) 120 mA (> 3.6 V)
100 mA
60 mA
Voltage supply (input) 3 to 5.5 V 3 to 5.5 V 3 to 5.5 V
3.3 to 5.5 V
Voltage supply(output)
17 V 17 V 20 V 6 V
Interface Serial Serial Serial Serial
Data Transfer rate 30 MHz 30 MHz 30 MHz 25 MHz
Channels 16 16 16 8
Cost $1.80/per unit $2.21/per unit $4.32/per unit $0.49/per unit
AdditionalFeatures
12-bit Grayscaling
6-bit Dot Correction
LED Open Detection
12-bit Grayscaling
6-bit Dot Correction (EEPROM storable)
LED Open Detection
LED Driver ControlTLC5941 LED Driver
16 channels
80 mA current supply(max)
30 MHz data transfer rate
12-bit Grayscale PWM
6-bit DOT Correction
• TLC5941 (TI LED driver)- Low cost- Ease of use- Proliferated software support- EEPROM not necessary
Human eye only requires ~50-60 Hz, and ~33% duty cycle for indistinguishable pulses.
5V
LED Driver (TLC5941)
1 2 34 5 6 7 8 9 101112 1314 15
5mm Common Anode Diffused RGB LED
Texas Instruments TLC5941 LED Driver
212 = 4096 levels
LED Driver (TLC5941)
Texas Instruments TLC5941 LED Driver
MCU 3
x 20
LED Driver (TLC5941)
Texas Instruments TLC5941 LED Driver
MCU 3
5:32
5
XLAT of Drivers
2-20
LED Driver Addressing
MCU
5:32 Decoder
LED Driver
LED Driver
LED Driver
LED Driver
LED Driver
LED Driver
LED Driver
LED Driver
LED Driver
LED Driver
LED Driver
LED Driver
LED Driver
LED Driver
LED Driver
LED Driver
LED Driver
LED Driver
LED Driver
A0A1A2A3A4
5:32 Decoder selects 20 Addresses(0 – 19)
to XLAT pins
MODE,SIN, SCLK,
BLANK,GSCLK
All Common to MCU
LED Driver
Sensor Cell Design
• General requirements– Each sensor must detect an object in front of the cell to
provide input to the device– Each Cell must contain a RGB LED to provide output
• Primary Considerations– An intelligent design approach must be used to minimize
the number of microcontroller pins needed for user interfacing
– The group should also utilize cost efficient methods to meet the requirements
4:16
4:16
MCU
2
4
4
S
X
Y
4:16
4:16
MCU
2
4
4
S
X
Y
Read(3,5) = FALSE
4:16
4:16
MCU
2
4
4
S
X
Y
Read(3,5) = FALSE
4:16
4:16
MCU
2
4
4
S
X
Y
Read(3,5) = TRUE
Sensor Array Design
Sensor Circuit DesignQED123 Infrared Light Emitting Diode
λ 880nm
Material GaAsPackage type T-1 ¾ (5mm lens
diameter)Emission angle
16°
Output power HighMatched photo-sensor
QSD123
QSD123 SILICON INFRARED PHOTOTRANSISTOR (NPN)
Daylight Filter
Material SiliconPackage Type: T-1 ¾ (5mm lens
diameter)Reception angle
24°
Sensitivity HighMatched Emitter:
QED12X
Sensor Circuit Design74HC08 Quad 2-input AND Gate Philips SemiconductorHigh-speed Si-gate CMOS devicePackage DP14 Propagation delay 6ns 2 to 6 V 0 to Vcc – 1.5 V (Typical 1.6V) 0.8 (Typical 1.2) Vcc (Typical 4.4V) = 20mA
Pixel Circuit Design
Pixel Circuit Design• Innovative Solutions
– Jump output ‘A’ to input to ‘B’ for 3 input gate
– Move Row/Column pull down resistors to Decoder output
– Voltage divider
Wireless Method
• For use with an mobile device, the most prevalent methods are Bluetooth and Wi-Fi
• Other wireless technologies were tossed out because of the added cost of an adapter to the mobile device
• In the end, Wi-Fi is simply overkill for the application
Technology Bluetooth Wi-Fi
Range 20m 150m
Power Consumption ~30mA ~180mA
Data Rate 300Kbps ~30Mbps
Cost $15.95 $30.10
Bluetooth Module: RN42-XV
Manufacture Roving Networks
Price $20.95
Supply Voltage 3.0 – 3.6 V
Default Bluetooth Profile
Serial Port Profile(SPP)
Pins 20 pins (only 4 of which will be used)
Mobile Application (Platform)
• Android has a familiar environment with Java Eclipse
• Vast libraries, specifically one for Bluetooth usage
• Open source and many support tutorials and explanations
• Easy drag and drop style GUI creator
Mobile Application (Features)
• The user will be able to select what program is running on Knight Bright
• For certain programs the App will be used as a controller
• Text input from the App to the device
• Grid for one to one control
Mobile Application (Use Case Diagram)
User
Connect Device
Scan for New Device
Connect to Existing Pair
Access Menu
Select Prgram
Disconnect
Exit Applicaion
Touch Grid
Text Input
Controller Input
includeinclude
include
include
include
Mobile Application (Class Diagram)
+goToGrid()+goToCon()+goToText()+getState()+connect()
-Grid : Button-Con : Button-Text : Button-Menu : Button-connect : Button
Main+setState()+getState()+connect()+connected()+stop()+write(in out : byte)
-myAdapter : BluetoothAdapter-myState : int-myAccept-myConnect-myConnected
BluetoothChatService
+send()
-100 Buttons : Button
Grid
+send()
-Up : ImageButton-Down : ImageButton-Left : ImageButton-Right : ImageButton-Select : Button
Controller
+send()
-sendButton : Button-inputText : ListView-outputText : EditText
Text Input
Activity
«extends»
«extends»
«extends»
«extends»
«goToGrid()»
«goToCon()»
«goToText()»
«send()»
«send()»
«send()»
Power ConsumptionComponent Component
Max Current(mA)
Number present
Power consumption per device (mW)
Power Consumed (W)
Microcontroller 9 2 45 0.09
Led Driver ---------- 19 2456 46.66
Bluetooth Device 30 1 150 0.15
Decoders ---------- 3 TBD TBD
USB 21 2 105 .21
RGB LED 60 100 300 30.00
IR Emitter 20 100 100 10.00
IR Detector 20 100 100 10.00
And Gate ---------- 100 500 50.00
Total Power Consumed
147.11
TDK-Lambda LS200-5
Note: Careful component selection lead to a need for only 1 voltage regulation device for the Bluetooth chip (.05 x 1.7 = .085 Watts)
Power Supply Type SwitchingInput voltage 85 – 263 VACInput Frequency 47-63 HzOutput voltage 5 VDCMax current 40 ATypical Efficiency 72- 75 %Enclosed fan YesOvervoltage protection 5.75 – 6.75 VDCOvercurrent protection 105% nominal peakOver Temperature Protection YesSize 7.8 x 3.9 x 1.6”Cost $49.52
BudgetPart Price Quantity Total
Microcontroller $1.62 3 $4.86
TLC5941 $1.80 19 $34.20
RN-42(one with breakout) $21.50 2 $43.00
Power Supply $49.52 1 $49.52
Resistors $0.03 1000 $30.00
Decoders (4:16, 5:32) $1.52 3 $4.56
AND Gates $0.26 100 $26
IR Detectors $0.43 100 $43.00
IR Emitters $0.35 100 $35.00
RGB Light Emitting Diodes $0.24 150 $35.00
USB $10.34 1 $10.34
PCB $83.00 1 $83.00
Construction Supplies Donated - -
Wire (22 gauge) $5.00 / 100 ft 500 ft $25
Total $421.86
Research
H/W Design
S/W Development
Prototyping(Final)
OverallProgress
Testing(Component)
~ 90-95%
~ 70%
~ 30%
~ 90-95%
~ 15-20%
~ 50-55%
Issues to Resolve
• Memory – Game memory storage
• Bluetooth– Reliably transmitting string of characters
• IR Sensor– Sensitivity to ambient light (sunlight, halogen)
• USB– Serial communication for game programming
Questions?