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Know your rights
The Finnish Labor Marketand Professional and Managerial Staff
22.11.2012Tampere
Veikka Kuusisto
Advisor, Student marketingwww.akava.fi
Akava
Akava, the Confederation of Unions for Professional and Managerial Staff in Finland, is one of the three independent trade union confederations in Finland
Akava’s 35 affiliates have a total membership of 577,000 including approx. 108,000 student members
Akava’s unionisation rate is about 70 per cent. Almost 30 per cent of trade union members in Finland are Akava members.
Akava represents the interests of professionals and managerial staff and others with a high level of education.
Akava oversees its members’ economic, professional and other common interests.
2
Employment relationships in Finland in 2009, %
3
Source: Statistics Finland, Labour Force Statistics 2009
82 %
12 %
6 %
Akava members
Permanent full-time work
Fixed term full-time work
Part-time work
76 %
11 %
13 %
All wage and salary earners
Permanent full-time work
Fixed term full-time work
Part-time work
AOVA – Akava’s Student Counsel
AOVA is Finlands largest student organization with a voluntary membership The number of student members is considerable: Akava's Student Counsel AOVA
represents108 000 students from both university and polytechnic sectors Every fifth member of Akava is a student
AOVA is a 30-year old organization working under Akava represents all Akava’s affiliates with student activities works as a link between student life and work life
The biggest co-operation partners are The National Union of University Students in Finland (SYL), The Union of Students in Finnish Universities of Applied Sciences - SAMOK and The Union of Finnish Upper Secondary School Students (SLL)
22.11.2012 Veikka Kuusisto / Akava
Statistical information on Akava members
5
Number of Akava members 1.1.2011 552 813 Proportion of women 51 %
Main occupation: Average age 42 years
Full-time work 87 % Age distribution 1.1.2011:
Part-time work 6 % under 30 10 %
Unemployed 3 % 30–39 28 %
Entrepreneur 3 % 40–49 28 %
Employer 1.1.2011: 50–59 24 %
Private enterprise 55 % over 60 10 %
Municipality 33 % Lower tertiary or a higher level qualification 81 %
State 7 % Living in Helsinki Metropolitan Area 32 %
Self-employed professionals 3 % Members in full-time work:
Church 2 % Fixed term work 12 %
Position in organisation: Average years in service in current employment 9
Professionals 34 % Average gross income 2010, euros/month 4 100
Teaching professionals 26 % Average working hours/week 40,7 Legislators, senior officials and managers 22 % Persons working overtime 22 %
Technical and associate professionals 13 % Persons working over 48 hours/week 12 %
Others 5 % Persons working overtime without compensation 38 %Sources: Statistics Finland, Labour force statistics; Akava's affiliates
Akava’s affiliates and number of members 1.1.2011
Trade Union of Education in Finland 119 564 Finnish Psychological Association 6 105
The Finnish Association of Graduate Engineers TEK 73 438 Finnish Association of Academic Agronomists 5 933
Union of Professional Engineers in Finland UIL 61 810 The Officers Union 5 838SEFE - The Finnish Association of Business School Graduates 47 200 The Union of Church Professionals within Akava AKI 5 686Union of Professional Business Graduates in Finland TRAL 26 394
The Institute Officers Union of the Finnish Defence Forces and the Border Guard 4 566
Sales and Marketing Professionals SMKJ 26 202 Finnish Union of Environmental Professionals 4 531
Akava Special Branches 25 761 Union of Swedish-speaking Engineers in Finland 3 220
Finnish Medical Association 23 154 The Finnish Association of Architects 2 692
Union of Professional Social Workers 21 657 Society of Finnish Professional Foresters 2 621
Association of Finnish Lawyers 15 423 Union of Finnish University Professors 2 306
Finnish Association of Political Scientists 10 843 Finnish Veterinary Association 2 251
Union of Technical Professionals, KTK 9 929 The Union of Diaconal Workers in Finland 1 905
Finnish Pharmacists' Association 8 524 The Finnish Association of Occupational Health Nurses 1 882Managers and Specialists in the Private Sector YTY & Professional Coaches of Finland 8 271 Union of Finnish Speech Therapists 1 332
Finnish Union of Experts in Science 7 397 Kirkon Nuorisotyöntekijöiden Liitto KNT 1 030
Finnish Union of University Researchers and Teachers 6 755 Health Science Academic Leaders and Experts 1 024
Finnish Dental Association 6 732 AKAVA's General Group 837
Total 552 813
22.11.2012 Veikka Kuusisto / Akava
Population by level of education, 1975–2017
7
Population aged 15 and older*) No educational qualification beyond compulsory education**) Matriculation examination or lowest level tertiary education qualification***) Lower or higher degree in tertiary educationSource: Statistics Finland, Educational Institutions
6955
45 41 37 34
19
20
30
3436
38 39
46
11 1521 23 25 27
35
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1975 1985 1995 2000 2005 2009 Estimation 2017
% Tertiary education *** Secondary education ** Primary education *
22.11..2012 Veikka Kuusisto / Akava
22.11.2012 Veikka Kuusisto / Akava
The labour relations system in Finland
Around ¾ of employees belong to a trade union Labour legislation and other terms of employment are best influenced by
unionization Every fourth employee is a member of Akava
KT
VTML
EK
KIT
AKAVA
STTK
SAK
WORKERS
EMPLOYERS
22.11.2012
Akava’s organisation for negotiations
Akava
Akava’s Public SectorNegotiation Commission
JUKO
The Delegation of Professionaland Managerial Employees
YTN
Organisations’ collectiveagreements
Employersand government
Office for Government as EmployerCommission for Local Authority
EmployersChurch
Confederation of Finnish Industries EK and its affiliates
Central organisationagreements
Tripartite agreementsCoordination
CollectiveAgreements
(public sector)
Entrepreneurs andself-employed persons
Parliament, Ministries, Local Authorities
Influencingin legislation
Employer organisations
CollectiveAgreements
CollectiveAgreements
Employees in Technical andBasic Service Professions KTN
Commission for LocalAuthority Employers
CollectiveAgreements
(public sector)
Veikka Kuusisto / Akava
Why join a trade union? Union offers:
Career support Legal advice
Information on your own industry Professional networks
Training Guidance in industrial / working relations and Finnish regulations
Information and knowledge on employment
Advice on terms of employment and salaries
Safety and legal help in case of problems or unemployment
22.11.2012 Veikka Kuusisto / Akava
22.11.2012 Veikka Kuusisto / Akava
Without trade unions we would not have these…
Four week annual holidays (1971)
Holiday compensation (1972)
Parental leave (1974)
Winter holidays (1977)
Earnings-related unemployment benefit (1984)
Resolutions on women and low-pay (1989-2005)
Job alternation leave (1996)
Paternity leave (2001, improved in 2011)
Flexible working hours (2001)
Restrictions on temporary employment (2003)
Change security (2005)
Good to know
The minimum wage stated in the collective agreement is a minimum – not the maximum.
There is a legal requirement to additional pay for overtime working. You are not obliged to work overtime if you do not want to do so.
Working on public holidays entitles you to special pay. Entitlement to annual leave on the basis of legislation on annual
leave and holiday pay is based on the terms of the collective agreement.
All employees have the right to equal terms of employment.
22.11.2012 Veikka Kuusisto / Akava
Employees also have responsibilities…
To perform their tasks carefullyTo follow the supervisors’ instructionsTo refuse to take part in activities that are in direct competition with those of the employerTo keep business and professional secrets confidentialTo observe the benefit of the employerTo abide by the agreed working hours
22.11.2012 Veikka Kuusisto / Akava
Taxes and unemployment benefits
Check and store your payslips: salary + benefits (holiday and overtime compensations etc.)
Join an unemployment fund as soon as you start working Requirements:
Any kind of work for 34 weeks during a minimum of 8 month membership and last 28 months
At least 18 h per week or 80 h per month No retrospective payments
22.11.2012 Veikka Kuusisto / Akava
Find out more
Social partners’ guide on Finnish Labor Markets
http://www.guidetoworkinginfinland.fi/ Working in Finland – an excellent guide by Ministry of
Employment and the Economy www.mol.fi/finnwork Finnish immigration service www.migri.fi Welcome to the world of work http://www.tyoelamaan.fi/en-GB/ Finding your own union: www.jarjestaydy.fi, www.liitot.fi Taxation: http://www.vero.fi/en-US
22.11.2012 Veikka Kuusisto / Akava