Knowledge Connections

Definition

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TermVocabulary Pan-Arabism Intifada

Essential Question

What is the relationship between Israel and Arab nations?

When did Israel become a nation?

Most nations in the Middle East practiced Islam…

Israel did not…

May 14, 1948 – Israel was created as a Jewish state

DAVID BEN-GURION1st Prime Minister of Israel

How was the Middle East changed?

Many Palestinians were placed under Israeli rule

Jerusalem was dividedIt was a holy city for Jews and Arabs

Jews from all over the world moved to Israel

The population of Israel greatly increased

700,000 Palestinians were left homelessMuch of their land had been taken to create Israel

Changes brought to the region:

These changes ensured future conflicts!

How did Arabs react to Israel?

Since the 1950s conflicts between Israel and other Arab nations grew

PAN-ARABISM

Meaning Arab unity

Some Arab nations felt the need to work together….

What was the PLO?To support Palestine, Egypt helped form the PALESTINE LIBERATION ORGANIZATION (PLO) in 1964

The PLO believed that Palestine had a right to a homeland

PLO leader YASSER ARAFAT led terrorist attacks against Israel

How did Palestinians feel about Israel?

During the 1980s, Palestinians living in Israeli lands grew more angry

started in 1987

INTIFADA

Arab uprisings in Israel lands

Workers went on strike

Protesters rioted

Some people set off bombs

What was the Six-Day War?

SIX-DAY WAR took place in 1967

The Arab nation of Egypt closed the Gulf of Aqaba

Aqaba was Israel’s only connection to the Red Sea

Israel responded by bombing Egypt’s airfields and wiping out their air force in six days

What was the result of the Six-Day War?

Outcomes of the Six-Day War:

Israel captured many landsSinai Peninsula, West Bank, Golan Heights,

and Jerusalem

Israel tripled its territory

UN asked Israel to withdraw from these lands Israel refused!

UN asked Arab nations to officially recognize Israel

Arab nations refused!

What was the Yom Kippur War?

YOM KIPPUR WAR took place in 1973

GOLDA MEIR1st female Prime Minister of Israel

Supported settlement in the new Israeli territories

Meir faced a new enemy – ANWAR SADAT, the new leader of Egypt

How did the Yom Kippur War end?

1973 – Egypt and Syria launched an air strike on Israel during YOM KIPPUR

a major Jewish holiday

This attack was a complete surprised to Israel

The US intervened to assist Israel – this greatly

angered Arab nations

Fighting continued until the UN arranged a cease-fire

What the region like today?

As of the 2000s, Palestine won limited self-rule in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank

Israel gave up the occupation of these two territories

Palestine will not become an independent nation until they create a stable, constitutional government that is

approved by both Israel and the United States

Essential Question

What is the relationship between Israel and Arab nations?

THE CREATION OF ISRAEL