Known Works Known Works Among Among

Native AmericansNative AmericansThe people most evangelizedThe people most evangelized

The people least reachedThe people least reached

The Retreat of American Indians

1775-1819

1820-1864

1865-18941895-2004

Indian Population GrowthIndian Population Growth

Tribal AreasTribal Areas

Over 500 Over 500 federally recognized tribesfederally recognized tribes

The 4 Largest Tribes Today

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

Cherokee Navajo Sioux Chippewa

198019902000

The 15 Largest Tribes Today• Cherokee 281,069 • Navajo 269,202• Sioux 108,272• Chippewa 105,908• Latin American Indian

104,354• Choctaw 87,349• Pueblos 59,533

• Apache 57,060• Lumbee 51,913• Iroquois 45,212• Creek 40,223• Blackfoot 27,104• Chickasaw 20,887• Papago 17,466• Potawatomi 15,817

The Largest Indian Reservations 1. Navajo (AZ,NM,UT) 173,987

2. Pine Ridge (Sioux; SD) 14,304

3. Fort Apache (AZ) 11,702

4. Gila River (Pima, Maricopa; AZ) 10,353

5. Tohono O'odham (Papago; AZ) 9,718

6. Rosebud (Sioux; SD) 9,040

7. San Carlos (Apache; AZ) 8,921

8. Blackfeet (MT) 8,507

The Largest Indian Reservations

Highest Percentage in Cities

Indian Language Groups

Salishan

Penutian

Kiowa-Tanoan

Uto-Aztecan

Cochimi-Yuman

AlgicSiouan-Catawba Iroquoian

Caddoan Muskogean

Timucuan

Na-Dine

Words From Indian Languages• Nootka--potlatch

• Nahuatl--tomato, coyote

• Algonquian--toboggan, hickory, chipmunk, caucus

• Sioux--teepee

• Laurentian--Canada

• Arawakan--canoe, hurricane, barbecue

Indian Languages Used Today• Navajo 142,886• Dakota 13,387• Apache 11,563• Pima 11,449• Choctaw 8,147• Zuni 6,343• Hopi 5,264• Muskogee 4,706

• Ojibwa 4,518• Crow 4,143• Tewa 3,437• Tiwa 2,338• Shosoni 2,142• Ute 1,814• Cheyenne 1,570• Paiute 1,534

Total American Indian speakers 281,990

Indian Religion• Prayers to

Mountains, Rivers, Sun, etc.

• Peyote • Sandpaintings• Medicine Men• Sweatlodge• Dances

Indian Religion (cont.)• Blessings by

Katchina Spirits• Fetishes• Prayer Sticks • Kivas• Fear of Spirits and

Witches (Skinwalkers)

U.S. ReservationsU.S. Reservations

NavajoEastern

Cherokee

Potawatomi

Crandon, WisconsinCrandon, Wisconsin

James and Kathy Crawford

Arizona & New MexicoArizona & New Mexico

Navajo NationNavajo Nation

HogansHogans

Shade houseShade house

Grazing sheepGrazing sheep

Navajo rugsNavajo rugs

Dine -- The PeopleDine -- The People

Churches of Christ Churches of Christ among the Navajoamong the Navajo

• Fort Defiance, Fort Defiance, Arizona Arizona

• Kayenta, Arizona Kayenta, Arizona

• Kinliche, Arizona Kinliche, Arizona

• Many Farms, Many Farms, Arizona Arizona

• Tuba City, ArizonaTuba City, Arizona

• Crownpoint, New Crownpoint, New Mexico Mexico

• Hogback, New Hogback, New Mexico Mexico

• Shiprock, New Shiprock, New Mexico Mexico

• Montezuma Creek, Montezuma Creek, UtahUtah

Reservation ChurchesReservation Churches

Hogback, NMHogback, NM

Phillip and Irita James

Fort Defiance, AZFort Defiance, AZ

Joe Louis Rivera

Shiprock, NMShiprock, NM

Wayne Herring

Montezuma Creek, UTMontezuma Creek, UT

Ray and Oleta Whaley

Many Farms, AZMany Farms, AZ

Ben Begay

Tuba City, AZTuba City, AZ

Paul and Ann Ghee

Kayenta, AZKayenta, AZ

Josh and Divine Austin

Kinliche, AZKinliche, AZ

Bud Paine

Crownpoint, NMCrownpoint, NM

Edison and Doris Gruber

All nations will come All nations will come and and

worship before youworship before you

Revelation 15:4cRevelation 15:4c