Kodiak Board Members Create a Vision in 2005
“Endeavor to produce 95% of energy sales with cost effective renewable power solutions by the year 2020”
• Reduce fuel oil price volatility • Cleaner Air• Increase reliability• Maintain Electric Rates• The vision included adding 3 wind turbines, then 3rd hydro unit, then 3 more wind turbines and a battery backup for the wind
First (3) 1.5 MW GE Wind Turbines• Wind Resource Report
• Class 7 (superb) wind power site• 8.5 m/s average wind speed
• Electric Power Systems, Inc study• Numerous transient stability cases were looked at using PSS/E software
• Terror lake hydros only• Diesels only• And combination of both• And adding wind to the mix
• Generations ability to handle wind turbine trips• Substation upgrade included (1) 5 MVA transformer• About (1) mile of 25KV overhead and underground cable run to the
wind farm• Road upgrade• Under frequency load shedding scheme adjustment• Capacitor additions to improve system voltage • Sources of money
• $5 Million from the Alaska Energy Fund through the Alaska Energy Authority• $16 Million from Federal Clean Renewable Energy Bonds (CREB)
Next (3) 1.5 MW GE Wind Turbines• EPS Study
• Transient stability analysis found problems with frequency regulation
• 3 MW/2MWh lead acid battery system addition
• Substation upgrade included 2nd5 MVA transformer
• Source of money• $7.8 Million from the Alaska
Energy Fund through the Alaska Energy Authority
• $13.2 Million from Federal Clean Renewable Energy Bonds (CREB)
3rd 12.5 MVA Hydro Turbine Addition 2014• Extra bay built with original hydro plant
• Pushes available peak to over 30 MW• Increased transient stability response• Substation upgrade included 30 MVA transformer
• Source of money• $7.5 Million from the Alaska Energy
Fund through the Alaska Energy Authority
• $7.5 Million from Federal Clean Renewable Energy Bonds (CREB)
2015 Grid
• 80.4% Hydro• 19.3% Wind• 0.3% Diesel• Went 2 years without a system wide outage
• Estimated gallons of fuel saved since July 2009: 9.6 Million
• Veteran’s Day Wind Farm Loss
Wind Direction Changed and 9 MW of Power Disappeared
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
‐10000
100020003000400050006000700080009000
1000011000120001300014000150001600017000180001900020000
‐30 ‐20 ‐10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100110120130140150160170180190200210220230240250260270280290300310320330340350360370380390
HzKW
Seconds
SYSTEM RESPONSE TO WIND EVENT 11/11/2015 12:53 PM
BESS MW (Adjusted to 2.7 MW peak) FESS MW WIND TURBINES HYDRO MW FREQ
FREQUENCY
HYDRO
WIND TURBINES
BATTERYFLYWHEELS
New 1.5 MW Shipping Crane• ABB 2 MW Flywheels
• Crane mode • Frequency support mode
• KEA Total Cost $3.5 M• Feeder Ties $1.1 M• Site Preparation, Feeder Tap, FESS $2.4 M
• MATSON Contribution $400,000
• City of Kodiak Contribution $400,000
2 MW Flywheels Use Two Modes
• Crane Mode• Matches crane power output • Crane goes into “de‐rate” when flywheels offline
• Frequency Support Mode• Responds to frequency changes if more than 60.1 Hz or less than 59.9 Hz
• Battery settings moved to 61 Hz and 59.7 Hz• Hybrid crane‐frequency support
‐1000‐900‐800‐700‐600‐500‐400‐300‐200‐100
0100200300400500600700800900
10001100120013001400
7:52:53 PM
7:52:57 PM
7:52:59 PM
7:53:02 PM
7:53:04 PM
7:53:12 PM
7:53:29 PM
7:53:32 PM
7:53:34 PM
7:53:36 PM
7:53:38 PM
7:53:40 PM
7:53:43 PM
7:53:45 PM
7:53:47 PM
7:53:50 PM
7:53:52 PM
7:53:55 PM
7:53:58 PM
7:54:01 PM
7:54:03 PM
7:54:07 PM
7:54:10 PM
7:54:13 PM
7:54:22 PM
7:54:32 PM
7:54:34 PM
7:54:38 PM
7:54:41 PM
7:54:44 PM
7:54:47 PM
7:54:50 PM
7:54:52 PM
7:54:55 PM
7:55:02 PM
7:55:16 PM
7:55:30 PM
7:55:49 PM
7:56:07 PM
7:56:11 PM
7:56:13 PM
7:56:16 PM
7:56:18 PM
7:56:20 PM
7:56:29 PM
7:56:33 PM
7:56:35 PM
7:56:37 PM
7:56:39 PM
7:56:42 PM
7:56:44 PM
7:56:47 PM
7:56:52 PM
7:56:56 PM
7:57:05 PM
7:57:15 PM
7:57:17 PM
7:57:19 PM
7:57:21 PM
7:57:26 PM
7:57:34 PM
7:57:43 PM
7:57:52 PM
7:58:06 PM
7:58:23 PM
7:58:36 PM
7:58:52 PM
KW
Time
Crane Full Power Mode (Endurance Test), 23 Ton Container, 12‐14‐15
Crane Power Total
‐1000‐900‐800‐700‐600‐500‐400‐300‐200‐100
0100200300400500600700800900
10001100120013001400
7:52:53 PM
7:52:57 PM
7:52:59 PM
7:53:02 PM
7:53:04 PM
7:53:12 PM
7:53:29 PM
7:53:32 PM
7:53:34 PM
7:53:36 PM
7:53:38 PM
7:53:40 PM
7:53:43 PM
7:53:45 PM
7:53:47 PM
7:53:50 PM
7:53:52 PM
7:53:55 PM
7:53:58 PM
7:54:01 PM
7:54:03 PM
7:54:07 PM
7:54:10 PM
7:54:13 PM
7:54:22 PM
7:54:32 PM
7:54:34 PM
7:54:38 PM
7:54:41 PM
7:54:44 PM
7:54:47 PM
7:54:50 PM
7:54:52 PM
7:54:55 PM
7:55:02 PM
7:55:16 PM
7:55:30 PM
7:55:49 PM
7:56:07 PM
7:56:11 PM
7:56:13 PM
7:56:16 PM
7:56:18 PM
7:56:20 PM
7:56:29 PM
7:56:33 PM
7:56:35 PM
7:56:37 PM
7:56:39 PM
7:56:42 PM
7:56:44 PM
7:56:47 PM
7:56:52 PM
7:56:56 PM
7:57:05 PM
7:57:15 PM
7:57:17 PM
7:57:19 PM
7:57:21 PM
7:57:26 PM
7:57:34 PM
7:57:43 PM
7:57:52 PM
7:58:06 PM
7:58:23 PM
7:58:36 PM
7:58:52 PM
KW
Time
Crane Full Power Mode (Endurance Test), 23 Ton Container, 12‐14‐15
Crane Power Total FESS Power Total
59
59.1
59.2
59.3
59.4
59.5
59.6
59.7
59.8
59.9
60
60.1
60.2
60.3
60.4
60.5
60.6
60.7
60.8
60.9
61
‐1000‐900‐800‐700‐600‐500‐400‐300‐200‐100
0100200300400500600700800900
10001100120013001400
7:52:53 PM
7:52:57 PM
7:53:00 PM
7:53:02 PM
7:53:05 PM
7:53:16 PM
7:53:30 PM
7:53:32 PM
7:53:35 PM
7:53:37 PM
7:53:39 PM
7:53:42 PM
7:53:44 PM
7:53:46 PM
7:53:48 PM
7:53:51 PM
7:53:54 PM
7:53:57 PM
7:54:00 PM
7:54:03 PM
7:54:07 PM
7:54:10 PM
7:54:13 PM
7:54:24 PM
7:54:33 PM
7:54:35 PM
7:54:38 PM
7:54:42 PM
7:54:45 PM
7:54:48 PM
7:54:51 PM
7:54:54 PM
7:54:59 PM
7:55:10 PM
7:55:25 PM
7:55:44 PM
7:56:03 PM
7:56:10 PM
7:56:13 PM
7:56:15 PM
7:56:17 PM
7:56:20 PM
7:56:29 PM
7:56:33 PM
7:56:35 PM
7:56:37 PM
7:56:39 PM
7:56:43 PM
7:56:45 PM
7:56:48 PM
7:56:53 PM
7:57:01 PM
7:57:10 PM
7:57:16 PM
7:57:18 PM
7:57:21 PM
7:57:23 PM
7:57:32 PM
7:57:41 PM
7:57:49 PM
7:58:03 PM
7:58:22 PM
7:58:35 PM
7:58:52 PM
HzKW
Time
Crane Full Power Mode (Endurance Test), 23 Ton Container, 12‐14‐15
Crane Power Total FESS Power Total Frequency
‐1000
‐900
‐800
‐700
‐600
‐500
‐400
‐300
‐200
‐100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
2:32:12 PM
2:32:26 PM
2:32:36 PM
2:32:52 PM
2:33:01 PM
2:33:10 PM
2:33:27 PM
2:33:41 PM
2:33:55 PM
2:34:01 PM
2:34:14 PM
2:34:26 PM
2:34:35 PM
2:34:47 PM
2:35:01 PM
2:35:16 PM
2:35:34 PM
2:35:52 PM
2:36:09 PM
2:36:17 PM
2:36:26 PM
2:36:39 PM
2:36:48 PM
2:36:58 PM
2:37:09 PM
2:37:20 PM
2:37:29 PM
2:37:44 PM
2:37:59 PM
2:38:10 PM
2:38:19 PM
2:38:26 PM
2:38:34 PM
2:38:47 PM
2:38:56 PM
2:39:16 PM
2:39:28 PM
2:39:37 PM
2:39:51 PM
2:39:59 PM
2:40:11 PM
2:40:20 PM
2:40:30 PM
2:40:45 PM
2:40:54 PM
2:41:12 PM
2:41:33 PM
2:41:47 PM
2:41:56 PM
2:42:07 PM
2:42:18 PM
2:42:29 PM
2:42:43 PM
2:42:58 PM
2:43:07 PM
2:43:16 PM
2:43:28 PM
2:43:38 PM
2:43:49 PM
2:44:02 PM
2:44:14 PM
2:44:24 PM
2:44:33 PM
2:44:45 PM
2:45:07 PM
2:45:22 PM
2:45:33 PM
2:45:46 PM
2:45:56 PM
2:46:07 PM
2:46:22 PM
2:46:36 PM
2:46:55 PM
KW
Time
Crane De‐rate Mode (500 kW Max), 40 Ton Container, FESS 1 & 2 Offline, 12‐12‐15
Crane Power Output
59.5
59.6
59.7
59.8
59.9
60
60.1
60.2
60.3
2:32:12 PM
2:32:26 PM
2:32:36 PM
2:32:52 PM
2:33:01 PM
2:33:10 PM
2:33:27 PM
2:33:41 PM
2:33:55 PM
2:34:01 PM
2:34:14 PM
2:34:26 PM
2:34:35 PM
2:34:47 PM
2:35:01 PM
2:35:16 PM
2:35:34 PM
2:35:52 PM
2:36:09 PM
2:36:17 PM
2:36:26 PM
2:36:39 PM
2:36:48 PM
2:36:58 PM
2:37:09 PM
2:37:20 PM
2:37:29 PM
2:37:44 PM
2:37:59 PM
2:38:10 PM
2:38:19 PM
2:38:26 PM
2:38:34 PM
2:38:47 PM
2:38:56 PM
2:39:16 PM
2:39:28 PM
2:39:37 PM
2:39:51 PM
2:39:59 PM
2:40:11 PM
2:40:20 PM
2:40:30 PM
2:40:45 PM
2:40:54 PM
2:41:12 PM
2:41:33 PM
2:41:47 PM
2:41:56 PM
2:42:07 PM
2:42:18 PM
2:42:29 PM
2:42:43 PM
2:42:58 PM
2:43:07 PM
2:43:16 PM
2:43:28 PM
2:43:38 PM
2:43:49 PM
2:44:02 PM
2:44:14 PM
2:44:24 PM
2:44:33 PM
2:44:45 PM
2:45:07 PM
2:45:22 PM
2:45:33 PM
2:45:46 PM
2:45:56 PM
2:46:07 PM
2:46:22 PM
2:46:36 PM
2:46:55 PM
Hz
Time
Frequency Output During Crane De‐rate, FESS 1 & 2 Offline, 40 Ton Container, 12‐12‐15
Frequency
‐1000‐900‐800‐700‐600‐500‐400‐300‐200‐100
0100200300400500600700800900
10001100120013001400
3:27:36 PM
3:27:39 PM
3:27:41 PM
3:27:44 PM
3:27:47 PM
3:27:52 PM
3:27:53 PM
3:27:56 PM
3:27:58 PM
3:27:59 PM
3:28:02 PM
3:28:03 PM
3:28:04 PM
3:28:05 PM
3:28:06 PM
3:28:07 PM
3:28:07 PM
3:28:07 PM
3:28:07 PM
3:28:08 PM
3:28:08 PM
3:28:08 PM
3:28:08 PM
3:28:09 PM
3:28:09 PM
3:28:10 PM
3:28:10 PM
3:28:10 PM
3:28:10 PM
3:28:11 PM
3:28:11 PM
3:28:11 PM
3:28:12 PM
3:28:12 PM
3:28:12 PM
3:28:12 PM
3:28:12 PM
3:28:13 PM
3:28:13 PM
3:28:13 PM
3:28:14 PM
3:28:14 PM
3:28:14 PM
3:28:14 PM
3:28:15 PM
3:28:15 PM
3:28:15 PM
3:28:16 PM
3:28:16 PM
3:28:17 PM
3:28:17 PM
3:28:17 PM
3:28:18 PM
3:28:18 PM
3:28:18 PM
3:28:18 PM
3:28:19 PM
3:28:19 PM
3:28:19 PM
3:28:19 PM
3:28:20 PM
3:28:20 PM
3:28:20 PM
3:28:20 PM
3:28:21 PM
3:28:21 PM
3:28:21 PM
KW
Time
Crane Transition from Full Power Mode to De‐rate Mode while Lifting 40 Ton Container, 12‐12‐15
Crane Power Total
Signal sent at this moment to crane to de‐ratepower output to 500 KW Max
59
59.2
59.4
59.6
59.8
60
60.2
60.4
60.6
60.8
0
500
1000
1500
2000
01818
3618
5418
7218
9018
1081
81261
81441
81621
81801
81981
82161
82341
82521
82701
82881
83061
83241
83421
93601
93781
93961
94141
9
Hertz
KW
Seconds
BESS ONLY (5/8/15, 12 HR PERIOD)
KW
FREQ
59
59.2
59.4
59.6
59.8
60
60.2
60.4
60.6
60.8
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
01998
3978
5958
7938
9918
1189
81387
81585
81783
81981
82179
82377
82575
92773
92971
93169
93367
93565
93763
93961
94159
9
Hertz
KW
Seconds
BESS WITH FESS (7/23/15, 12 HR PERIOD)
BESS KW
FREQUENCY
59
59.2
59.4
59.6
59.8
60
60.2
60.4
60.6
60.8
0
500
1000
1500
2000
02078
4138
6198
8258
1031
81237
81443
81649
81855
82061
82267
82473
92679
92885
93091
93297
93503
93709
93915
94121
9
Hertz
KW
Seconds
BESS WITH FESS (7/23/15, 12 HR PERIOD)
FESS KW
FREQUENCY
Battery Duty Cycle
Hybrid Mode Above 40% State of Charge
59.85
59.9
59.95
60
60.05
60.1
60.15
60.2
60.25
‐1400
‐1200
‐1000
‐800
‐600
‐400
‐200
0
200
400
600
20:53:13
20:53:14
20:53:14
20:53:16
20:53:17
20:53:18
20:53:19
20:53:20
20:53:21
20:53:22
20:53:23
20:53:23
20:53:25
20:53:25
20:53:26
20:53:27
20:53:28
20:53:29
20:53:30
20:53:31
20:53:32
20:53:33
20:53:33
20:53:35
20:53:35
20:53:37
20:53:40
20:53:42
20:53:45
20:53:46
20:53:47
20:53:47
20:53:48
20:53:48
20:53:49
20:53:50
20:53:51
20:53:51
20:53:52
20:53:54
20:53:54
20:53:56
20:53:56
20:53:57
20:53:58
20:53:59
20:53:59
20:54:00
Power (k
W)
Time (s)
3/7/2016 ‐ Crane operation
Crane FlywheelFrequency
Thank You!
• Alaska Energy Authority• Kodiak Electric Board Members
• Alaska Rural Energy Conference