FLL – Indoor greening guidelines -
1997, 2002, 2011, update for 2018
Manfred KöhlerLandschaftsarchitekt, BDLA
Hochschule Neubrandenburg,
Lehrgebiet Landschaftsökologie
President WGIN
WGIC 2017 Berlin
WGIC 2017 Berlin
Content, issue 2011, 10 chapter:
1. Aims2. Norms – guidelines
3. Functional aspects – reasons for indoor greening
4. Requirements to the building
5. Systems-/ details
6. Light and temperature7. Technical requirements
8. The plant list –Pflanzenliste-
(including: Climber, palm trees, ferns, Cactus family, succulents, orchids) 9. Maintenance / plant care
10. Other
11. Updates for the upcomming issue: Systematic for vertical indoor greening.
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1. Aim - Reason: What is an indoor greening?
- A permanent installation – lasting longer than 10 years.- Immobile or mobile installed planters.
Source: Koehler et al. 2012.
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Examples in Germany (it could be more … )
Tropical – mediterranean indoor garden – indoor Art installation.
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2. Related norms and guidelines
- Constructional norms,- Technical regulation (electricity,
water, access),
- Regulation about gardeningwork.
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3. Functional aspects:
Reasons for indoor greening:- Positive effects on people,- Climatization functions, such as:
-- better indoor climate,-- better / healthier environment.
- Cost savings by indoor greening?A survey study on this:
Source: Master thesis: Mollenhauer 2016, HS Neubrandenburg
Opening questions: office preferences: office 1 office 2
office 3 office 4
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Source: Master thesis by: Mollenhauer, 2016
Indoor greening in offices; Why?
X means-answers
case 3 case 4
case 1 case 5
case 2 Begrünuncase 6
3,98 4,03
3,533,71
[WERT] 4,24
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
3,0
3,5
4,0
4,5
5,0
Begrünung 1 Begrünung 2 Begrünung 3 Begrünung 4 Begrünung 5 Begrünung 6
Agree
˄
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
˅
Not agree
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Masterarbeit: Felix Mollenhauer 29.01.2016
Study results:
Positive of indoor greening:
75,5 82,1
31,8 33,8
71,5 66,9
47,758,9
17,925,8
35,127,8
0
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N = 82
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WGIC 2017 Berlin
4. Technical requirements / Voraussetzungen:
- Structural load,
- Acces to media (Water, electricity, space, access for
periodic gardener work, …,
- DIN – Norms taking into account,
- The correct selected soil / growing media (corn size
distribution, nutrition),
- Alternative to the soil: e.g. „Hydroculture“,
- Illumination, (artificial or day light),
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5. Systems-/ details
- Construction open (to the ground),- Closed construction ( bassin-, or box sytems),- One layer or multi layer systems - growing media
structures,- Location of the water storage in the system,- Type of irrigation- Type of water storage in a extra layer under the media, - Definition of the growing media: Content of organic,
nutrition and more,- Extra chapter for Hydrokultur / Hydroponics.
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6. Light, temperature and other plant factors as
criteria in the plant list:
- Light: from low: with 500-1000 Lux to high: more than 4300 Lux,
- Soil moisture: from low: W4: desert soil to W1: Swampland type Mangrove,
- Air humidity: L1: more than 60% to L3: low 30-45% Air humidity,
- Air temperature: from T1: tropical, T2: subtropical / mediterranean,
T3: temperate, T4: Arid – desert.
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7. Technical requirements
- Glass types,
- Air ventilation,
- Technical air purification
and other
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8. The plant list –Pflanzenliste-(including: Climber, palm trees, ferns, Cactus family, succulents, orchids,
Indoor plants Top „100 Plant list“Criteria:
Available, suitable for indoor greening.Finally: - around 250 (species-syntax);- Tropic – subtropic – temperate – arid,- Not too fast growing, - Not too large at final stage, - Attractive habitus,- Easy maintenance.
From A to Z: some examples:
© WWW.NATURELOVEYOU.SG …
Abutilon speciese.g. Abutilon megapotamicum
Family: Malvaceae
Synonym: Sida megapotamica,
Schönmalve
About 200 species (left down: A. indicum).
Tropical
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmlilien
Yucca species, e.g.
Yucca treculiana
Fam. Asparagaceae, origin: Mexico, 53 sub-species
exist today, Palmlilie
Subtropic – Temperate - arid
Zamioculcas zamiifolia Fam. Araceae, Origin: East Africa, easy to care,
not too much irrigation, Zamia
Tropic – Subtropic
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamioculcas_zamiifolia
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11. Updates in 2017 - under review:
- New chapter vertical indoor greening, examples from Hongkong and Zurich:
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Vertical indoor:
Pros Cons
-Less space is needed, - installation costs?-indoor Air climatization - maitenance costs?
-
Relation between costs and functions.
0
1
2
3
4
5Kosten
JährlichePflege
Energie sparen
Staubbindung
LärmbindungBiodiversität
Strukturvielfalt
Evapotranspiration
VisuelleQualität
Optimization to “Visual Quality”
Szenario VisuelleQualität
© Köhler
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Sytematic of vertical indoor strutures
Climber
e.g.
Tetrastigma vionierianum
Kastanienwein
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Investment: the bigger the lower sq-meter price. Material \ Kosten Größe
(m²)1 10 100 1000
Steuereinheit, Stck, ca. 6000 € 6000 600 60 6
Pflanzen 30 Stck/m² x 2€ ges. 60 600 6000 60.000
Technisches Aufbaumaterial (mittlerer Wert div. Anbieter). (Druckkompensierte Schläuche, …)
10 100 1000 10.000
Aufbaumaterial: Vliese, Halterungen, usw. (max.) /m²
100 1000 10000 100.000
Zusatzventile/pro Schaltkreis 30€ /Stck. Anzahl:
0 2 4 10
Kosten Ventile (€) 60 120 30
Pflegekosten 1x Anreise/Rüstzeit 200 200 200 200
Kosten/m² je Pflegegang 2€/m² 2 20 200 2000
Technische Inspektion der Bewässerung2x im Jahr, pauschal
250 250 300 300
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Resume – outlook:- Indoor greening opens opportunities in architecture,
- Esthetics and ecological functions are two connected
arguments for indoor greening,
- Environmental health and better human performance
are further arguments for more indoor greening,
- Indoor vertical plant installation are trendy,
- Larger projects means lower square-meter prices,
- A huge list of plant species is available.
- Many job opportunities are included in this topic.
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