Koiliaris Critical Zone Observatory
Monitoring Stations & Sampling Points
Summer 2019
Samonas TUC-KRB-SAMONAS
Meteorological Station
KRB-CZO Apokoronas, Chania, Crete
Details Map
Measured Parameters:
Precipitation,
Air Temperature
Relative Humidity
Wind Direction
Wind Speed
Solar Radiation
Site Type: Atmosphere
Operational since: 2007
Sampling interval: 10 minutes
Maintenance interval: 120 days
Mode of operation: Continuous
Data transmission: Online (RF modem)
Power supply: Solar panel
Located on the roof of the abandoned elementary school in Samonas Village
Latitude: 35.42096, Longitude: 24.11104, Elevation: 380 m
Psichro Pigadi TUC-KRB-PSICHROPIGADI
Meteorological Station
KRB-CZO Keramia, Chania, Crete
Details Map
Measured Parameters:
Precipitation,
Air Temperature
Relative Humidity
Wind Direction
Wind Speed
Solar Radiation
Soil Moisture (to be installed)
Site Type: Atmosphere
Operational since: 2007
Sampling interval: 10 minutes
Maintenance interval: 120 days
Mode of operation: Continuous
Data transmission: Online (GPRS modem)
Power supply: Solar panel
Located near the municipal tavern at Psichro Pigadi
Latitude: 35.39356, Longitude: 24.03675, Elevation: 948 m
Agios Giorgios
TUC-KRB-AGGIORGIS
Hydrological Water Quality
Station
KRB-CZO Armeni, Chania, Crete
Details Map
Measured Parameters:
Water Depth,
Flow
Electrical Conductivity,
Dissolved Oxygen,
pH,
Turbidity,
Water Temperature,
Barometric pressure
Nitrate
Site Type: Stream
Operational since: 2006
Sampling interval: 10 minutes
Maintenance interval: 30 days
Mode of operation: Continuous
Data transmission: Online (RF modem)
Power supply: Solar panel
Located at the junction of Stylos Karst Springs and Keramianos
Latitude: 35.44491, Longitude: 24.1391, Elevation: 15 m
Avocado Field
TUC-KRB-AVOCADOFIELD
Soil Productivity
Meteorological Station
KRB-CZO Nio Chorio, Chania, Crete
Details Map
Measured Parameters:
Precipitation,
Air Temperature
Relative Humidity
Wind Direction
Wind Speed
Wind Gust
Lightning strike count
Lightning average distance
Solar Radiation
Soil Moisture @ depths: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 cm
Soil Temperature @ depths: 15, 45, 75 cm
NDVI (Normalized difference vegetation index)
PRI (Photochemical Reflectance Index) (to be installed)
Site Type: Atmosphere, Field
Operational since: 2019
Sampling interval: 10 minutes
Maintenance interval: 120 days
Mode of operation: Continuous
Data transmission: Online (RF modem)
Power supply: Solar panel
Located at Pantelis Karagiannakis avocado field in Koiliaris valey
Latitude: 35.43717, Longitude: 24.1427, Elevation: 15 m
Olive Orchard
TUC-KRB-OLIVEFIELD
Soil Productivity
Station
KRB-CZO Nio Chorio, Chania, Crete
Details Map
Measured Parameters:
Soil Moisture @ depths: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 cm
Soil Temperature @ depths: 15, 45, 75 cm
NDVI (Normalized difference vegetation index)
PRI (Photochemical Reflectance Index) (to be installed)
Site Type: Atmosphere, Field
Operational since: 2019
Sampling interval: 10 minutes
Maintenance interval: 120 days
Mode of operation: Continuous
Data transmission: Online (RF modem)
Power supply: Solar panel
Located at Pantelis Karagiannakis olive orchard in Koiliaris valey
Latitude: 35.42444, Longitude: 24.14451, Elevation: 45 m
Anavreti
TUC-KRB-ANAVRETIBRIDGE
Hydrological Station
KRB-CZO Nio Chorio, Chania, Crete
Details Map
Measured Parameters:
Water Depth,
Flow,
Water Temperature,
Barometric pressure
Site Type: Stream
Operational since: 2018
Sampling interval: 10 minutes
Maintenance interval: 60 days
Mode of operation: Continuous
Data transmission:Manual
Power supply: Battery
Located at Nio Chorio main road bridge
Latitude: 35.42336, Longitude: 24.13633, Elevation: 35 m
Keramianos Gorge Entrance
TUC-KRB -KRM-GORGE -ENTRANCE
Hydrological Station
KRB-CZO Keramia, Chania, Crete
Details Map
Measured Parameters:
Water Depth,
Flow,
Water Temperature,
Barometric pressure
Site Type: Stream
Operational since: 2010
Sampling interval: 10 minutes
Maintenance interval: 60 days
Mode of operation: Continuous
Data transmission:Manual
Power supply: Battery
Located at the entrance of Keramianos gorge next to the bridge
Latitude: 35.43729, Longitude: 24.06844, Elevation: 237 m
Keramianos Gorge Exit
TUC-KRB-KRM-GORGE-EXIT
Hydrological Station
KRB-CZO Stylos, Chania, Crete
Details Map
Measured Parameters:
Water Depth,
Flow,
Water Temperature,
Barometric pressure
Site Type: Stream
Operational since: 2010
Sampling interval: 10 minutes
Maintenance interval: 60 days
Mode of operation: Continuous
Data transmission:Manual
Power supply: Battery
Located at the entrance of Keramianos gorge next to the bridge
Latitude: 35.43958, Longitude: 24.1252, Elevation: 18 m
Koiliaris Stream
TUC-KRB-KOILIARIS
Hydrological Station
KRB-CZO Nio Chorio, Chania, Crete
Details Map
Measured Parameters:
Water Depth,
Flow,
Water Temperature,
Barometric pressure
Site Type: Stream
Operational since: 2011
Sampling interval: 10 minutes
Maintenance interval: 60 days
Mode of operation: Continuous
Data transmission: Manual
Power supply: Battery
Located after the junction of Anavreti and Stylos Springs
Latitude: 35.44162, Longitude: 24.13733, Elevation: 14 m
Monthly Grab Sampling Locations
Parameters
(Field Measurements)
pH,
Electrical Conductivity,
Water temperature,
Dissolved Oxygen
(Cations and Metals)
Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Fe, V, Cr, Hg, Mn, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd
(Anions and other)
ORP, COD, NO2, NO3, NH4, PO4, TN, TC, TOC, DON, SO4, Cl, CO3, HCO3
Sampling interval: 1 month
Katochori Spring-Water Quality Sampling Point, KRB-CZO, Keramia, Chania, Crete, Greece
Site Code: TUC-KRB-KATOCHORI-SPRING Latitude: 35.43782, Longitude: 24.06605, Elevation: 243 m
Operational since: 2011
Site Type: Spring
Located near the entrance of Keramianos gorge
Stylos Spring-Water Quality Sampling Point, KRB-CZO, Stylos, Chania, Crete, Greece
Site Code: TUC-KRB-STYLOS Latitude: 35.43405, Longitude: 24.12588, Elevation: 20 m
Operational since: 2006
Site Type: Spring
Located at the center of Stylos village
Charitakis' Well -Water Quality Sampling Point, KRB-CZO, Stylos, Chania, Crete, Greece
Site Code: TUC-KRB-CHARITAKIS Latitude: 35.43294, Longitude: 24.1285, Elevation: 18 m
Operational since: 2004
Site Type: Well
Located at Charitakis' property at Stylos village
Anavreti Spring and Stream-Water Quality Sampling Point, KRB-CZO, Nio Chorio, Chania, Crete, Greece
Site Code: TUC-KRB-ANAVRETI Latitude: 35.43117, Longitude: 24.13814, Elevation: 26 m
Operational since: 2009
Site Type: Stream
Located near the football field at the Irish bridge
Zourpos Spring-Water Quality Sampling Point, KRB-CZO, Kalives, Chania, Crete, Greece
Site Code: TUC-KRB-ZOURPOS Latitude: 35.44974, Longitude: 24.17364, Elevation: 4 m
Operational since: 2006
Site Type: Spring
Located at Kalives village next to the local agency for land Improvements (TOEB) building
Armeni Spring-Water Quality Sampling Point, KRB-CZO, Armeni, Chania, Crete, Greece
Site Code: TUC-KRB-ARMENI Latitude: 35.42989, Longitude: 24.15528, Elevation: 22 m
Operational since: 2006
Site Type: Spring
Located at Armeni village next to the church of the Assumption
Avocado Field Well -Water Quality Sampling Point, KRB-CZO, Nio Chorio, Chania, Crete, Greece
Site Code: TUC-KRB-AVOCADOFIELD Latitude: 35.43713, Longitude: 24.14252, Elevation: 15 m
Operational since: 2019
Site Type: Well
Located at Pantelis Karagiannakis Avocado field in Koiliaris valey
Kampi Well -Water Quality Sampling Point, KRB-CZO, Kampi, Chania, Crete, Greece
Site Code: TUC-KRB-KAMPI-SP Latitude: 35.41252, Longitude: 24.0655, Elevation: 558 m
Operational since: 2009
Site Type: Well
Located near Kampi village
SURFACE RUNOFF GENERATION –KERAMIANOS TRIBUTARY
KARSTIC, GROUNDWATER & SURFACE RUNOFF AT KOILIARIS CRITICAL ZONE OBSERVATORY
D
www.koiliaris-czo.tuc.gr
HYDROLOGIC BUDGET OF KOILIARIS RIVER BASIN
P = 1428.6 mm
Qspr = 541.5 mm
ET = 480 mm
Qtot = 718.5 mm
BASIN AREA: 132 km2
EXTENDED KARST AREA:
80 km2
Qsurf = 177 mm
QAnavreti = 243.2 mm
QStilos = 298.3 mm
Qspr = 541.5 mm
Qstored = 230.1 mm
P = Precipitation
ΕΤ= Evapotranspiration
Qspr = Springs Flow
Qtot = Total Flow
Qsurf = Surface Runoff
Qsurf_anavreti = Surface Runoff from the Anavreti stream
Qstored = Water stored in the system
0.00E+00
1.00E+08
2.00E+08
3.00E+08
4.00E+08
5.00E+08
6.00E+08
7.00E+08
8.00E+08
9.00E+08
ann
ual
wat
er v
olu
me
(m3 )
year
flow distribution at the Koiliaris River Basin
total flow at basin exit
total springs flow (Stilos & Anavreti)
Stilos springs flow
Anavreti spring flow
total surface flow
Keramianos flow
Nikolaidis, N.P., Bouraoui, F., Bidoglio, G., 2013. Hydrologic and geochemical modeling of a karstic Mediterranean watershed. J. Hydrol. 477, 129-138Nerantzaki, S.D., Giannakis, G.V., Efstathiou, D., Nikolaidis, N.P., Sibetheros, I.A., Karatzas, G.P., Zacharias, I., 2015. Modeling suspended sedimenttransport and assessing the impacts of climate change in a karstic Mediterranean watershed. Science of the Total Environment 538, 288–297Varouchakis, E.A., Giannakis, G.V., Lilli, M.A., Ioannidou, E., Nikolaidis, N.P., Karatzas, G.P., 2016. Development of a statistical tool for the estimation ofriverbank erosion probability, SOIL 2: 1-11Moraetis, D., Efstathiou, D., Stamati, F., Tzoraki, O., Nikolaidis, N.P., Schnoor, J.L., Vozinakis, K., 2010. High frequency monitoring for the identification ofhydrological and biogeochemical processes in a Mediterranean river basin. J. Hydrol. 389, 127–136.Kourgialas, N.N., Karatzas, G.P., Nikolaidis, N.P., 2010. An integrated framework for the hydrologic simulation of a complex geomorphological river basin.
J. Hydrol. 381, 308–321.
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46 types(mostly phanerophyte)
12 allochtonus34 autochtonus
Riparian Forest Vegetation
SECTION 1Reeds (Arundo donax & Phragmites australis.EUNIS code: C3.32 & C3.21
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SECTION 2Reeds (Arundo donax) followed by the succession of white willow (Salix alba) and platanus(Platanus orientalis) –upper part – forest of white willow and plantain EUNIS code: G1.381
SECTION 3Riparian forest of white willow (Salix alba) and platanus (Platanusorientalis) EUNIS code: G1.381
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SECTION 4Riparian vegetation with white willow (Salix alba)and platanus (Platanusorientalis) interrupted by agricultural fields
SECTION 5Technical canal without significant riparian vegetation
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SECTION 6Riparian scrub vegetation and reeds EUNIS code: F9.31
SECTION 7Reeds transitioning into riparian forest of platanusand white willow EUNIScode: G1.381 & G1.381
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SECTION 8Riparian vegetation of Platanus (Platanusorientalis) interrupted at locations without any white willows.
KRB-CZO Monitoring Stations and Grab Sampling Points 2019Koiliaris Poster3 - Summer school Koiliaris Overview