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27 March 2015
Ministry of Oceans and FisheriesInternational Cooperation Division
1
Introduction
Communities’ Activities Under Comanagement
Comanagement: Institution and Process
Performances
Lessons Learned
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅳ
Ⅴ
Contents
2
Introduction
search for better fisheries management approaches
A centralized fisheries management
could not protect fisheries resources from exploitation
competitive fishing, over-fishing, illegal fishing
In 2001, the government and fishers introduced Korean’s Fisheries Co-management
Illegal fishing
3
Introduction
Fishing Communities participating in fisheries comanagement are 1,039 communities (as of Dec. 2013)
Aquaculture
(98 communities)
Coastal Fisheries(village fishing zone) (502 communities)
Coastal Fisheries(boat fishing)
(200 communities)
Coastal Fisheries(Village Fishing Zone+ boat fishing)(176 communities)
Inland Fisheries (63 communities)
48.3%
19.3%
9.4%
16.9% 6.1%
Aquaculture was incorporated into one of comanagement categories so that eco-friendly and ecosystem-based production can be realized.
4
Communities’ Activities under Comanagement
Fishing Community’s
activities
1
▶ To improve the fishing ground environment :stone-casting business, rock cleaning, eradication of harmful organism, collecting used fishing gear and clean-up of fishing grounds and the shore
2 ▶ To manage fisheries resources : enlarge mesh size, set no fishing period and minimum size of fish for fishing, reduce the number of fishing gears, close fishing grounds for a certain period, release fish seed
3▶ To improve business :joint production and sales of fisheries products, creation of Internet-basedsales network and brand-making of locally-produced fishery products
4 ▶ To ban illegal fishing and observe fisheries laws :operation of fisheries surveillance voluntarily, compliance with fisheries laws, participation in education seminars and dispute settlement between local fishers
5
Communities’ Activities under Comanagement
▶ To improve the fishing ground environment
6
Communities’ Activities under Comanagement
▶ production(1)+fish processing(2)+service(3) ▶ participation in education seminars
7
Communities’ Activities under Comanagement
▶ hosting ‘the Nationwide Fisheries Co-management Festival’
8
Comanagement Mechanism: Institutions
▶ Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF) : Policy making and businessplanning, law enactment and security of budget
▶ Local governments :
Selection and management of fishing communities, financial supportprovision, promotion of fishing communities with outstanding performance
▶ National Fisheries Research & Development Institute (NFRDI) :Fisheries resources assessment and technical support for fishers
▶ Korea Fisheries Association (KFA) :Education and promotion business for fishers, Dispute settlement between local fishers in conflicts
▶Korean Fishers’ Fisheries Co-management Association : management of a delegate system, education for empowerment and capacity building and hosting ‘the Nationwide Fisheries Co-management Festival’
Governance
9
Comanagement(Process): Decision-making and participation
▶ A delegate system
Chairman(1)
Vice chairmen (5)
Trustees (15)
Delegates (65)
Communities heads (1,039)
Fishers 67,687
National government
Provincial governments
Local governments
10
Performances
The number of participating communities and fishers have increased
Fisheries Co-management has now settled as a nationwide community movement changing all fishing villages
63122
308
579659
758863
932989
1039
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
01 03 05 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
communities
510710765
24805
44061
5072856100
60902
6386066410
67687
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
01 03 05 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
fishers
11
Performances
The amount of fisheries resources(biomass) has been increased gradually since the year 2003
Fisheries Co-management has now settled as a nationwide community movement changing all fishing villages
1,000
~’80
808777
757
818860
’93 ’98 ’03 ’08 ’12
unit : million ton
year
Introduction of Korean’s Fisheries Co-management12
Performances
an increase in average income of fishing communities participating in Comanagement
Fisheries Co-management has now settled as a nationwide community movement changing all fishing villages
Before(2005)
First-year(2006)
Second-year(2007)
Third-year(2008)
Fourth-year(2009)
Fifth-year(2010)
Total income 166 381 742 1,302 3,410 4,027
Total asset - 1,780 1,968 3,386 4,946 4,869
Distribution of income per 1 person 0.7 4.7 4.7 16.9 42.1 42.1
(unit : thousand dollar)< Jeonnam Yeosu Jeokgeum Community >
advent of successful fishing communities showing best practice
13
Performances
improved awareness of fishers : reinforcement of ownership
Fisheries Co-management has now settled as a nationwide community movement changing all fishing villages
invigoration of fishing village
increase of fishing communities’ solidarity
14
Lesson Learned
‘Political Will and Strong Ministry holding power in balance
Clear Objectives + Capacity building + Empowerment + Delegate system + local gov’t support
15
Financial Incentives($ 12millon) for fishing communities to develop their business
Open Decision Making Process : Active Communication at national/local levels
Learning process: Training program for communities’ Leaders and Fishers
Today! Fishing Villages of Korea are becoming its hope!
Thank you
16