Krakatoa Krakatoa Used by Permission of Roxcanna BradleyUsed by Permission of Roxcanna Bradley

Krakatoa Krakatoa Used by Permission of Roxcanna BradleyUsed by Permission of Roxcanna Bradley

www.life.uiuc.edu/bio100/lectures/s03lects/03s03-succession.html

Before the EruptionBefore the EruptionBefore the EruptionBefore the EruptionEarly in the morning of May 20, 1883, the captain of the German warship Elizabeth reported seeing an 11-km high cloud of ash and dust rising above the uninhabited island of Krakatau, thus documenting the first eruption from this Indonesian island in at least two centuries.

www.life.uiuc.edu/bio100/lectures/s03lects/03s03-succession.html

Krakatoa may just be the most famous volcano of all time. More devastating than Mt. St. Helens, closer in time than Vesuvius; the volcano that destroyed itself and its island in one tremendous eruption is nearly iconic in the public eye.

news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4972522.stm

The Eruption!The Eruption!The Eruption!The Eruption!

news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4972522.stm

On August 27, 1883 the most powerful volcanic eruption in recorded history took place on the Krakatoa Islands. Some three-quarters of the island had been blasted away or sank beneath the ocean into the crater where the volcano once stood.

The eruption bundled together a catalogue of individual disasters:

massive explosionsearthquakestoxic clouds of superheated ash and gasses,

and a tsunami whose 140 foot waves decimated 165 villages in the region.

The eruption bundled together a catalogue of individual disasters:

massive explosionsearthquakestoxic clouds of superheated ash and gasses,

and a tsunami whose 140 foot waves decimated 165 villages in the region.

An earthquake and a village

Where is Krakatoa?Where is Krakatoa?Where is Krakatoa?Where is Krakatoa?

The island of Krakatoa is located in the Sundra Straits between the islands of Java and Sumatra off the southwestern coast of Indonesia.

Krakatoa is one of many active volcanoes along the Indonesian Island Arc.

The 1883 eruption ejected more than 25 cubic kilometres of rock, ash, and pumice , and generated the loudest sound historically reported. The cataclysmic explosion was distinctly heard as far away as Perth in Australia approx.

The cataclysmic blasts of August 27 generated mountainous tsunamis, that ravaged coastlines across the Sunda Straits.

Many of the closest islands were completely submerged. People had to save themselves by climbing trees.

Map of east Java

Over the next several hours, the area affected would widen dramatically to the northeast. The intensity of the eruptions increased throughout Sunday, frightening the coastal communities of western Sumatra, western Java, and adjacent islands.

Death ArrivesDeath Arrives Death ArrivesDeath Arrives

Monday, August 27. This frightening display of volcanic power would culminate in a series of at least four stupendous eruptions that began at 5:30 a.m., climaxing in a colossal blast that literally blew Krakatau apart.

news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4972522.stm

Civilians flee from Karkatoa.

The noise was heard over 4600 km away, throughout the Indian Ocean, from Rodriguez Island and Sri Lanka in the west, to Australia in the east. Two-thirds of the island collapsed beneath the sea into the underlying, partially vacated magma chamber.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4972522.stm

http://www.futilitycloset.com/category/hoaxes/

Later in the day, these villages would be battered by a series of devasting tsunamis generated by pyroclastic flow plunging into the sea. The worst was yet to come. Pyroclastic flow

www.extremescience.com

The tsunami stripped away all vegetation, washed 3000 people out to sea, and destroyed all signs of human occupation.

Many of the closest islands were completely submerged. After first being overwhelmed by massive pyroclastic flow Sebesi Island northeast of Krakatau, was inundated by mammoth sea waves.

A thousand islands were buried by at least 2 m of seawater.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4972522.stm

What the bodies of the tsunami What the bodies of the tsunami would’ve looked likewould’ve looked like

What the bodies of the tsunami What the bodies of the tsunami would’ve looked likewould’ve looked like

www.cdnn.info

Dead bodies in Thailand after tsunami on December 26, 2004.

How much do you know about Krakatoa ?

What year did Krakatoa What year did Krakatoa erupt?erupt?

What year did Krakatoa What year did Krakatoa erupt?erupt?

1883 1783

1883 is the right answer. 1783 is 1883 is the right answer. 1783 is the wrong answer.the wrong answer.

1883 is the right answer. 1783 is 1883 is the right answer. 1783 is the wrong answer.the wrong answer.

How many people died in the How many people died in the Krakatoa eruption?Krakatoa eruption?

How many people died in the How many people died in the Krakatoa eruption?Krakatoa eruption?

36,000 24,770

36,000 is the right 36,000 is the right answer.answer.

36,000 is the right 36,000 is the right answer.answer.

What kind of volcano is What kind of volcano is Krakatoa?Krakatoa?

What kind of volcano is What kind of volcano is Krakatoa?Krakatoa?

StratoCaldera

Krakatoa is a Caldera volcano . Krakatoa is a Caldera volcano . It is not a Strato volcano.It is not a Strato volcano.

Krakatoa is a Caldera volcano . Krakatoa is a Caldera volcano . It is not a Strato volcano.It is not a Strato volcano.

The birth of Anak Krakatoa,The birth of Anak Krakatoa, or Child of Krakatoa or Child of Krakatoa

The birth of Anak Krakatoa,The birth of Anak Krakatoa, or Child of Krakatoa or Child of Krakatoa

Recent eruptions of Krakatoa have been at Anak Krakatau, an island that emerged in 1927. One tourist was killed and five more injured by an explosion at Anak Krakatoa in 1993.

Anak Krakatoa

Anak KrakatoaAnak KrakatoaAnak KrakatoaAnak Krakatoa

Lava from Anak

Further lava flows were reported between 1972 and 1975, 1979-80, 1988.In the mid-1990s, the lava not only greatly increased the area of the island, but also converted the majority of the coastline to solid geology.

Anak and Krakatoa today.

Anak Krakatoa

http://www.pbs.org/wildindonesia/island/5.html

http://world.mongabay.com/polish/travel/files/p7869p.html

http://www.futura-sciences.com/uploads/tx_oxcsfutura/comprendre/d/images/654/volcan_krakatoa.jpg

http://www.life.uiuc.edu/bio100/lectures/s03lects/03s03-succession.html

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4972522.stm

Creditswww.extremescience.com

http://www.futilitycloset.com/category/hoaxes/

www.cdnn.info

http://dsc.discovery.com/video/?dcitc=w17-502-ag-0000&videoRef=9d87090878264eb932fa2032ea1bbada3a920658

http://www.life.uiuc.edu/bio100/lectures/s03lects/03s03-succession.html