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Capacity Strengthening in the SeedSector Development

Zewdie Bishaw, Seed SectionICARDA, Aleppo, Syria

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Modern varieties and associatedtechnologies are defined outputs ofagricultural research--result ofinvestments

Seed remains a delivery mechanism foragricultural innovations--varieties and

technologies

Seed is a unique input-reproduced andsaved by farmers unlike other inputs

Seed system is not purely seedproductionper se--system withinresearch-seed supply-use continuum

Why Seeds?

Biotechnology

PlantBreeding Agronomy

SeedTechnology(Varieties and

Seeds)

Farmers

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Vision: Create competitive seed industries operating across open-borders for easy movement of varieties and seeds

Goals: Strengthening national seed systems to ensure access to

new crop varieties and seeds by farming communities

Approach: An integrated seed sector development frameworkwithin production systems context

ICARDAs Approach in Seed Sector Development

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Formal Seed System: Large-scale(?),commercially organized and linearlystructured seed production and supply by

public or private sector with policy andregulatory support

Informal Seed System:Small-scale, farmermanaged traditional systems developed over

time in response to farmers demand forseed including own saved, local exchange,etc

Seed System: The sum of physical, organizational and institutionalcomponents, their actions and interactions, that determine seed supplyand use, in quantitative and qualitative terms; and include both formal

and informal sectors

What is the Seed System?

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What is the share of formal wheat seed sector?

Source: FAO STAT 2011 and Seed Unit

Area in ha Potential seeddemand (t)

Wheat seedsupplied (t)

Formalsector (%)

Algeria (06-09) 1,614,712 220,761 75,060 34Egypt (09) 1,311,262 183,577 40,335 22

Ethiopia (06-09) 1,520,700 228,105 15,486 7

Iran (06-10) 6470980 1148671 359060 31

India (04-08) 27098860 2709886 556300 21

Morocco (06-07) 3,106,700 466,005 83,300 18

Pakistan (06-10) 8,750,700 1,093,838 247,621 23

Tajikistan (06-09) 320,140 64,028 28,698 45

Turkey (06-09) 8,194,425 1,638,885 202,149 12

Yemen (06-09) 123209 17249 1027 6

Total 31,000,948 5,007,313 1,015,976 20

Formal sector on average provide close to 20% of wheatseed, but varies between regions and within countries

Amount of seed distributed (%) by formal sector (2006-10)

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Capacity strengthening to make available relevant expertiseto lead and manage national seed programs

Producing breeder seed as service to NARS to ensureavailability of early generation seed of new varieties

Promoting alternative seed delivery systems for resourcepoor farmers and less favourable areas

Stimulating diversification of seed sector (public, private)through regulatory reforms and policy influence

Conducting research on seed technology and delivery systemto identify constraints and seek possible solutions

Assisting in emergency seed relief in the aftermath ofdisasters to source adapted germplasm or varieties

ICARDAs Approach in Seed Sector Developmentcont

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Board

DirectorGeneral

Technical managers

Technical workers

Non-technical workers

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

Level 5

Level 6 Non-technical workers

Technical workers

Technical managers

Directors

Officials

Leaders

Seed Enterprise National Seed System

WORKSHOPS(policy/managerial)

TRAINING(technical/practical)

Appraches in Capacity Strengthening of Human Resources

Degree training(graduate/postgraduate

h h f H R

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Strengthening Capacity of HumanResources

A. Short-termHeadquarterNon-headquarter

B. Long-termIndividual non-degreeIndividual degree

C. Seminars and workshops

D. Study tours

E. Consultancy services

Approaches in Capacity Strengthening of Human Resourcescont

TRAIN-THE-TRAINER APPROACH

IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEMS(SEMINARS, WORKSHOPS)

METODOLOGY DEVELOPMENT(MANUALS, FIELD GUIDES)

TRANSFER OF METHODOLOGY(TRAIN SMSs)

ADOPTION OF METHODOLOGY

(TRAIN TEHNICAL WORKERS)

C f C i h i f H R

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Variety Identification and Maintenance29 April- 10 May 2012

ProblemManaging variety release system and availability of early generation seedremains key constraints

ObjectiveTechnical knowhow on variety identification, maintenance, quality seed

production and commercialization

Course structureTheoretical and practical knowledge

RequirementsVariety trial and maintenance plots

DurationTwo weeks: 40 hrs each on variety identification and maintenance

Courses for Capacity Strengthening of Human Resources

C f C it St th i f H R t

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Seed Science and TechnologyOctober 2012

ProblemUnderstanding key components of seed production, processing, marketing andquality assurance for an effective seed sector

ObjectiveTechnical knowhow on seed production, seed processing, seed quality assurance

and management for effective national seed system

Course structureTheoretical and practical knowledge

RequirementsSeed production fields, seed processing plant, seed quality laboratory

DurationTwo weeks: 40 hrs/week

Courses for Capacity Strengthening of Human Resourcescont

C i S d S i d T h l t

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Courses in Seed Science and Techologycont

Course title Duration Remarks

General Seed Technology 2 weeks G

Variety Identification andMaintenance

2 weeks S

Seed Production Technology 2 weeks S

Seed Processing and Storage 2 weeks S

Seed Marketing and EnterpriseManagement

2 weeks S

Seed Quality Assurance 2 weeks S

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THANK YOU

Seed Securityfor

Food Security