1
From the Director 2
The Kroc Institute 5
Academic Programs
Graduate Program 6
Undergraduate Program 8
Research Activities 10
Conferences 13
Publications 16
Lectures 18
Finances 19
Administration and
Staff 1997-98 20
Appendix I 25
1997-98 Books and
Occasional Papers
Appendix II 26
1997-98 Published Research
Appendix III 27
1997-98 Lectures
R e p o r tA n n u a l
1 9 9 7 - 9 8
2
TTHE JOAN B. KROC INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL
PEACE STUDIES WAS ESTABLISHED IN 1986 TO PROVIDE
UNDERGRADUATE AND GRADUATE EDUCATION, CONDUCT
RESEARCH AND ENGAGE IN POLICY OUTREACH.
of the foreign students it has
educated over the years. Few
other institutions can provide
equally convincing evidence of
their concern with promising
graduate students, especially
from developing societies and
those in transition.
The academic programs
have been underpinned by
the expanding programs of
scholarly research and policy
outreach both within the
United States and internation-
ally. The generosity of Mrs.
Joan B. Kroc has permitted
the expansion and consolida-
tion of various programs. The
most recent investment in
publications and dissemination
intends to provide a multiplier
effect to enhance the visibility
and influence of the Kroc
Institute. In intellectual terms,
the appointment of a professor
of conflict studies in the fall of
1997 added much to the core
competence of the Institute.
F r o m t h e D i r e c t o r
During its first 12 years of
existence, the Institute has
relied on the enthusiasm and
commitment of its core faculty,
fellows and the staff. Now the
time has come to assess the
performance of the Kroc
Institute and chart a new
course into the future. To push
the frontiers of knowledge
and remain a leader in peace
studies, the Institute must
expand its resources, continue
its strong work in educating
graduate and undergraduate
students and reach out to the
policy communities.
Intellectually, the Institute
will continue to work in its core
areas of competence: the role
of international institutions in
empowerment and enforce-
ment, humanitarian problems,
cooperative security and
conflict resolution. In addition,
it will develop further its
program on the religious and
ethical aspects of violence and
its mitigation. Several fellows
of the Institute have well-
known scholarly competence
in this area. Notre Dame as
an institution has both the
credibility and the capacity to
The mission of the Institute is
to develop and apply integrated
multidisciplinary approaches
to understand the causes of
violence and the conditions for
peace and to contribute to just
and demilitarized international
relations. The Institute aims to
be a multifaceted educational,
research and policy institute.
The success of the Institute’s
work on economic sanctions,
both as a research and policy
project, is a good example of
how these different objectives
can be accomplished.
The Kroc Institute has
come, however, to a turning
point, not in a negative but
a positive way. During the
past 10 to 15 years, it has
consolidated its graduate
and undergraduate programs
and attracted a considerable
number of first-rate interna-
tional and U.S. students. A
hallmark of the Institute has
been the number and diversity
3
attract the best minds
to collaborate in a
multidisciplinary and
international program on
religion, peace and violence.
This ability was shown by
the successful conference on
The Sacred, the Sword and
Global Security: Religious
Dimensions of Violence, Peace
and Security, which the
Institute organized in April
1998. The conference on
Talking Across Borders: Cultures
of Violence, Cultures of Peace
was a success in a different
way. It built bridges between
the academic and local
communities and involved
in a significant way both
undergraduate and graduate
students in its preparations.
I have served as the director
of the Kroc Institute since
1993. After the conclusion of
my five-year term in August
1998, I will not continue as the
director in order to concentrate
better on my own research and
writing. I will remain, after my
sabbatical, associated with the
Kroc Institute as Senior Fellow.
To me, the Kroc Institute is a
pioneering institution in
graduate education and
scholarship in peace and
conflict studies. I will continue
to support its work by all
means at my disposal.
RAIMO VÄYRYNEN
PROFESSOR OF GOVERNMENT AND
INTERNATIONAL STUDIES
JOHN M. REAGAN JR. DIRECTOR
During its first 12 years of
existence, the Institute has
relied on the enthusiasm and
commitment of its core faculty,
fellows and the staff. Now the
time has come to assess the
performance of the
Kroc Institute and chart a new
course into the future. To push
the frontiers of knowledge and
remain a leader in peace
studies, the Institute must
expand its resources, continue
its strong work in educating
graduate and undergraduate
students and reach out
to the policy communities.
4
From his own Mennonite
tradition, John Howard Yoder,
professor of theology and
founding fellow of the Kroc
Institute, called his colleagues
and students to be more
aware of and responsible to
their own ethical traditions on
issues of peace, justice and
war. The centrality of that
theme to the ongoing work
of the Kroc Institute is an
appropriate, lasting tribute
to him.
I n M e m o r i a m
5
TTHE KROC INSTITUTE IS FOUNDED ON THE BELIEF THAT
“PEACE IS INSEPARABLE FROM THE RESOLUTION OF VIOLENT
CONFLICTS, PROMOTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS, EQUITABLE
DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL JUSTICE.”
The Institute is housed,
along with the Helen Kellogg
Institute for International
Studies, in the Hesburgh Center
for International Studies. The
name of the center reflects the
vital contribution that Rev.
Theodore M. Hesburgh, C.S.C.,
president emeritus of the
University of Notre Dame, has
made to the development of
both institutes. The Center
includes three interconnected
buildings: a conference area
with auditorium, seminar
rooms and a restaurant; a
three-story office building; and
a 16-apartment residence for
visiting faculty.
T h e K r o c I n s t i t u t e
While open to students and
faculty from other traditions,
this holistic understanding of
peace is rooted in the Catholic
social tradition, a broadly
ecumenical tradition of moral
wisdom that stresses the
necessity for justice in bringing
about peace. The Institute thus
helps Notre Dame remain
faithful to its mission of
creating “a sense of human
solidarity and concern for the
common good that will bear
fruit as learning becomes
service to justice.”
The Institute builds on
many outstanding resources at
the University of Notre Dame,
one of the top 20 universities
in the United States. Thirty
faculty fellows from more than
a dozen University depart-
ments and schools create a
network of peace scholars on
campus. The University’s
recognized strength, and its
broad interest in addressing
value-related questions in all
disciplines, supports the
Institute’s emphasis on the
normative dimensions of
peace. Notre Dame also has
had a longstanding commit-
ment to international
education, which has led
to the establishment of several
international centers on
campus and expanding
opportunities for overseas
study for undergraduates.
Students in the Institute’s
highly international graduate
program and visiting fellows
contribute to and benefit from
this rich international
environment.
6
SINCE ITS INCEPTION IN 1987, THE INSTITUTE’S GRADUATE
PROGRAM HAS REMAINED A LEADER IN PROVIDING
GRADUATE-LEVEL PEACE-STUDIES EDUCATION.
studies: the Kroc Scholars
Program (formerly called
the International Scholars
Program) and the Hesburgh
Scholars Program (formerly
called the Master of Arts
Program). Both programs
involve intensive academic
work to earn the master of arts
degree in peace studies within
11 months. Kroc Scholars
participate in a full-scholarship
residential program designed
to foster international
community-
building.
Twelve to
14 young
graduate
students
from a
diversity of
cultures and
academic
disciplines
A c a d e m i c P r o g r a m s
spend a year studying and
living together in International
Peace House on campus,
sharing their perspectives on
critical questions of peace and
justice. At the end of the year
the group works together to
produce a common statement
outlining their preferred world,
analyzing current obstacles
and proposing shared
recommendations for the
future. Hesburgh Scholars
follow the same academic
work without the age limit or
residential and community-
building requirements of the
Kroc Scholars Program.
In 1997-98, 22 new
students were enrolled,
including one pursuing a joint
law degree, and one exchange
student from the University
of Innsbruck. The 12 Kroc
Scholars and 10 Hesburgh
Scholars included representa-
tives from 17 countries.
Graduate course work and
advising is offered by fellows
from numerous disciplines and
departments of the University.
In addition to the three
required courses sponsored by
the Institute (Peace and World
THE GRADUATEPROGRAM
The program is noted for its
diverse international character,
with three-quarters of the
students coming from outside
the United States. One of the
largest programs of its kind,
the Kroc Institute claims more
than 250 alumni from 55
countries. Graduates are
contributing to peacemaking
efforts in higher education,
non-governmental organiza-
tions, research institutes and
government agencies around
the world.
The
graduate
program
of the Kroc
Institute
provides
two paths
leading to the
M.A. degree
in peace
Tilla McAntony receiving his diplomafrom Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh, C.S.C.
7
Order Studies I & II and a
conflict course, International
Political Violence), some 40
cross-listed graduate courses
were offered during the
1997-98 academic year.
The Kroc Scholars’ common
statement-writing course
during May and June 1998
was led by Dinah Shelton,
professor of law and fellow
of the Institute. The students
produced a 113-page document
titled Gender Justice: Our Path to
Peace.
Three students graduating
from this year’s program will
continue in doctoral programs,
one in anthropology at Cornell
University, one in social
sciences at Syracuse University
and one in sociology at the
University of New Mexico.
One student will begin a
master’s degree program in
international affairs at the
Fletcher School of Law and
Diplomacy at Tufts University.
One student was selected for a
Fulbright teaching assistantship
in Austria, and two others have
accepted positions at the
Research Center for Human
Rights in Ireland and the Ohio
State Legislature.
G R A D U A T E S T U D E N T S 1 9 9 7 - 9 8
KROC SCHOLARS:
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Tara Aziz Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Michael Deemer Ontario, Ohio, USA
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Elizabeth Barry Erbaugh Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Krista Erickson Northbrook, Illinois, USA
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Helena Hofbauer Balmori Mexico City, Mexico
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Jian Yi Jiangxi Province, China
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Akanksha Kela Bhopal, India
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Tilla Sewe McAntony Nairobi, Kenya
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Yulia Melnichuk Kharkov, Ukraine
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Anne Monaghan County Fermanagh, N. Ireland
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Shushanik Papanyan Yerevan, Armenia
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Krisztina Zita Tihanyi Zalaegerszeg, Hungary
HESBURGH SCHOLARS:
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Alexandrea Marie Barrau Fort de France, Martinique
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Mioara Deac Cluj-Napoca, Romania
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Dalia Haj-Omar Kartoum, Sudan
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Edward W. Hunt Boise, Idaho, USA
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Mónica Hurtado Bogotá, Colombia
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Ekaterina Moryakova Tashkent, Uzbekistan
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Glenna Oberladstaetter Innsbruck, Austria
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
David Reyes Santa Barbara, California, USA
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Ithai Stern Jerusalem, Israel
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
Jason Eugene Subler Berne, Indiana, USA
Tara Aziz and Jian Yi signing the common statement.
8
THE CONCENTRATION IN PEACE STUDIES (CPS) IS A 15-
CREDIT-HOUR MULTIDISCIPLINARY PROGRAM AVAILABLE TO
UNDERGRADUATES WHO WANT TO COMPLEMENT THEIR
MAJOR FIELD WITH COURSES FOCUSED ON ISSUES OF PEACE,
VIOLENCE, JUSTICE AND HUMAN RIGHTS.
with interviews in New York
with United Nations officials
involved in peace-making
efforts in the region and with
Bosnians who had left their
country. Advised by Kathleen
Maas Weigert, Weinstein
became the first Notre Dame
student to win this highly
competitive national prize.
Another graduating senior,
Lynsey Miller, attained
a position in the competitive
Tufts University summer
program in Non-Violent Action
and Social Change. Joanna
Deeter, a junior, won a newly
established summer internship
at The Bulletin of the Atomic
Scientists.
Sarah Shirey, a German
major, and Mark Massoud,
an economics and sociology
major, were co-recipients of the
1998 Peter Yarrow Award in
Peace Studies. The Yarrow
Award was established in 1996
by Notre Dame alumna Ms.
Leslie Anderson in honor of
the numerous contributions to
activist peacemaking made by
musical artist Peter Yarrow.
This award is presented to the
junior or juniors who combine
high academic achievement
with a demonstrated
commitment to service. These
two winners epitomized that
mix, as both hold a 3.8-plus
THEUNDERGRADUATE
PROGRAM
CPS courses aim to combine
knowledge with relevant skills
and are drawn from more than
15 University departments.
This year saw the
graduation of 17 talented
seniors with certificates in the
CPS, and it was a banner year
of awards and achievements
for students in the program.
Graduating senior Rebecca
Weinstein won the 1998 Peace
Studies Association Under-
graduate Student Paper
Award for her senior thesis,
International Response to the
Conflict in Bosnia-Herzegovina:
Learning from the Past, Looking
Toward the Future. She
complemented her extensive
library research for the thesis
Kathleen Maas Weigert and George Lopez with Rebecca Weinstein (center), winner ofthe 1998 PSA Undergraduate Student Paper Award.
9
grade point average, have
studied overseas and have
an array of service-learning
experiences in their recent
past.
Working under the direction
of Todd Whitmore, a fellow of
the Kroc Institute and associate
professor of theology, Massoud
and senior Robert Dorton (the
1997 Yarrow Award winner)
presented papers on ethical
perspectives in peacemaking
during a student-faculty
conference sponsored by the
Air Force Academy in Colorado
Springs, Colorado.
In addition to these
achievements by students,
Weigert, co-founder of the
CPS and a fellow of the Kroc
Institute, won the Peace
Studies Association faculty
award in recognition of her
work as a peace educator who
integrates service learning with
serious academic scrutiny in
the classroom.
The 1998-99 academic year
will be the 15th anniversary
of the CPS at Notre Dame.
To commemorate the occasion,
CPS students will join the
faculty in planning a range
of activities.
AArie M. Kacowicz actively contributed to the Kroc Institute’s
academic and research programs while a Visiting Fellow at both
the Kroc and Kellogg Institutes during the 1997-1998 academic
year. During the fall semester, he taught a senior writing seminar
on “Peaceful Change in International Relations.” In the spring, he
delivered two lectures emerging out of his intriguing research on
zones of peace in South America and West Africa. He will
publish a book on this topic entitled Zones of Peace in the Third
World: South American and West Africa in Comparative Perspective
(Albany, NY: SUNY Press, forthcoming).
Kacowicz received an M.A.
from the Hebrew University of
Jerusalem and a Ph.D. from
Princeton University. He is a
lecturer in international relations
at the Hebrew University of
Jerusalem and a research fellow at
the Leonard Davis Institute of
International Relations of that
university. In November of 1997
he received the Ben-Porat Award
from the Hebrew University for
the best young researcher at that
university. His publications
include Peaceful Territorial Change
(Columbia: University of South Carolina, 1994).
Arie M. Kacowicz
10
DDURING THE PAST ACADEMIC YEAR, THE INSTITUTE HAS BEEN
INVOLVED IN A VARIETY OF MAJOR RESEARCH PROJECTS
WHOSE RESULTS HAVE BEEN REPORTED IN A CONSIDERABLE
NUMBER OF SCHOLARLY BOOKS AND ARTICLES.
rewards in bringing about
compliance in the edited
volume on The Price of Peace:
Incentives and International
Conflict Prevention (Rowman
and Littlefield, 1997). The
project directors
carried out
extensive outreach
activities in
cooperation with
the United Nations,
the Council on
Foreign Relations
and the Carter
Center and
contributed to
the Final Report of the
Carnegie Commission on
Preventing Deadly Conflict.
Another major project in
this broad area of research
focuses on alternative forms
of peacekeeping, headed
by Robert C. Johansen in
cooperation with Richard
Conroy and Raimo Väyrynen.
It aims to identify ways of
R e s e a r c h A c t i v i t i e s
increasing the effectiveness of
multilateral peacekeeping and
enforcement. During the year a
faculty study group, convened
by Alan Dowty, met regularly to
discuss the theory and practice
of international enforcement
actions.
Conflict prevention and
resolution. Current conflicts
are more fragmented and
unpredictable than ever. In
many parts of
the world,
states have
ceased to exist
and wars are
waged by
paramilitary
forces and
gangs whose
primary aim
is to control
territory and resources.
Traditional conflict resolution
has only limited relevance in
such “anarchic” confrontations.
Carolyn Nordstrom has done
in-depth fieldwork in various
countries on the nature of
contemporary violence and the
rebuilding of war-torn societies,
as seen in her most recent
book, A Different Kind of War
The current research activities
of the Institute focus on the
following areas:
Empowering international
institutions and enforcing
peace. In this general area, the
most extensive Institute project
deals with economic sanctions
and is co-directed by David
Cortright and George Lopez.
It explores in a serious and
systematic manner economic
policies that might be more
humane and more effective
than military responses in
the enforcement of norms
associated with international
peace and justice. In 1997-98
two major books came out of
the project: Cortright and
Lopez edited, with Larry
Minear and Thomas Weiss,
Political Gain and Civilian
Pain: The Humanitarian
Impact of Economic
Sanctions (Rowman &
Littlefield, 1997); while
Cortright focused on the role of
11
Story (University of Pennsylva-
nia Press, 1997). Rev. Patrick
Gaffney, C.S.C., is studying the
violent and
protracted nature
of violence in the
Great Lakes
region, especially
in Burundi. In this
area of research,
the Institute’s
work has also
focused on the
possibilities to
prevent the outbreak of
military crises and humanitar-
ian emergencies. The focus on
political transitions deals with
a particular form of conflict
transformation about which
A. James McAdams has
produced an edited volume
titled Transitional Justice and
the Rule of Law in New
Democracies (University of
Notre Dame Press, 1997).
Humanitarian security.
The Institute has paid
particular attention to the
humanitarian aspects of local
conflicts. Gilburt Loescher has a
long track record of research
on the political factors
underlying refugee movements
and the reactions of the
international community to
such flows. Väyrynen has
co-directed,
under the
auspices of the
United Nations
University, a large
international
project on the
causes and
prevention of
complex
humanitarian
emergencies. In 1997-98 a
three-volume manuscript was
produced for publication.
Ethical and religious
dimensions of peace. Building
on Notre Dame’s rich resources
in humanities and social
sciences, the Institute has given
increasing attention to the dual
role of religions in fomenting
and containing violence.
Recent publications emphasiz-
ing the religious and ethical
dimensions of
peace include
Dowty’s The
Jewish State: A
Century Later
(University of
California Press,
1997) and a volume edited
by Maura A. Ryan and Todd
Whitmore on The Challenge of
Global Stewardship: Roman
Catholic Responses (University
of Notre Dame Press, 1997).
The Institute organized a major
international conference on
religion, peace and violence
(see section on conferences at
page 13).
The Institute has been
interested in the ethical aspects
of economic and environmen-
tal issues. Denis Goulet, Lee
Tavis, and Charles Wilber have
been working for an extended
period of time on various
ethical aspects of economic
development and multinational
corporations. In 1997-98,
Wilber published his
Economics, Ethics, and
Public Policy (Rowman and
Littlefield, 1997). Ethical and
legal aspects of environment
and its protection have been
explored,
respectively, by
James Sterba in
his Justice for
Here and Now
(Cambridge
University Press,
12
1998) and
Dinah Shelton,
in cooperation
with
Alexandre Kiss, in Manual of
European Environmental Law
(Cambridge University Press,
1997).
The Kroc Institute is an
institutional member of the
Academic Council on the
United Nations System
(ACUNS); the Consortium on
Peace Research, Education
and Development (COPRED);
the International Peace
Research Association (IPRA);
the Midwest Consortium for
International Security Studies
(MCISS); the National Peace
Foundation; and the Peace
Studies Association (PSA).
These institutional fora provide
a basis for national and
international networking,
which is further underpinned
by extensive bilateral contacts.
The Institute has continued
to have a close collaborative
relationship with the Fourth
Freedom Forum, a research
and policy organization,
headed by Cortright, in
Goshen, Indiana.
TThe Kroc Institute hosted two visiting fellows from South Asia
as part of an exchange program sponsored by the Ford
Foundation. The program seeks to encourage the growth and
academic excellence of peace studies and research through
academic exchanges of scholars and collaborative research.
During the fall semester, Mahendra Lama
examined the economic, politico-strategic
and environmental impact of refugee
movements in South Asia. Lama is an
associate professor in the South Asian
Studies Division, School of International
Studies Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU),
New Delhi, India. He completed a Ph.D. in
economics at JNU and has published several
works on economic and environmental
issues in North East India, including Sikkim:
Society, Polity, Economy and Environment
(New Delhi: Indus, 1994) and New Perspectives on India-Nepal
Relations (with Kalim Bahadur) (New Delhi: Anand, 1995).
During the spring semester, P. Sahadevan analyzed the
characteristics of internal wars in South Asia, comparing the
effectiveness of different strategies for
settlement. He is an associate professor in
South Asian Studies, School of International
Studies, JNU, New Delhi, and held a
Leverhulme Visiting Fellowship in Interna-
tional Relations at the University of Kent at
Canterbury in 1993-94. He holds a Ph.D in
South Asian Studies from JNU and has
completed several publications on Sri Lanka,
including India and Overseas Indians: The
Case of Sri Lanka (New Delhi: Kalinga, 1995).
Mahendra Lama
P. Sahadevan
13
THE SACRED, THE SWORD AND GLOBAL SOCIETY:
RELIGIOUS DIMENSIONS OF VIOLENCE, PEACE AND SECURITY
APRIL 16-18, 1998
conference explored both
theory and practice — that is,
how religious texts, doctrine
and theology have given
credence to calls for violence
or peacemaking. Further,
speakers explored how
religious actors play particular
roles in conflicts and the policy
implications for such action
and for interreligious
cooperation.
The conference opened
Thursday evening, April 16,
with a stirring address by
Karen Armstrong, London,
C o n f e r e n c e s
England, who underscored the
conference theme by analyzing
how the three monotheist
traditions — Islam, Judaism
and Christianity, each of which
has invoked violent scriptural
imagery to legitimate violence
— nonetheless developed
strong canonical commitments
to peace and nonviolence.
Friday’s discussions began
with a second keynote address
by David Little of the United
States Institute of Peace, who
identified and discussed four
different manifestations of
religious militancy. Friday’s
events included panels on the
role of religious themes and
actors in conflicts in the former
Yugoslavia, the Middle East,
One of the major events of
the year for the Kroc Institute
was presenting an international
symposium, The Sacred, the
Sword and Global Security:
Religious Dimensions of
Violence, Peace and Security.
The symposium was an
important component of a
larger research effort now
under way at the Institute. The
project focuses on the manner
in which religious actors and
communities have emerged
in the post-Cold War world as
powerful sources of legitimacy
for religious hatreds and
ethnonationalist violence on
the one hand and as defenders
of human rights and agents
of conflict resolution and
peacebuilding on the other.
To scrutinize these dual
roles of religion in deadly
conflict, the conference
gathered noted scholars and
practitioners from around the
world and from many religious
traditions. Participants at the
Chandra Muzaffar makes a point during the panel discussion on “Religious Peacebuilding:Resources in Religious Traditions.”
14
Northern Ireland and South
Africa.
Saturday’s proceedings
dealt with the role of religion
as an agent of peace-building.
The day began with an analysis
of religion as a transnational
social actor, in a dynamic
address offered by Susanne
Hoeber Rudolph of the
University of Chicago. A panel
of distinguished religious
leaders from around the world
spoke about resources for
peacebuilding in the traditions
of Islam, Buddhism, Judaism
and Christianity.
A special feature of the
conference was a 25-minute
videotaped address by His
Royal Highness Crown Prince
El Hassan of Jordan. He
emphasized the critical role
of religion in thinking about
peace and security in his
region and urged conference
participants to push ahead
on these difficult questions in
their different faiths and world
regions. The Crown Prince
offered, as well, some words of
friendship and respect for Rev.
Theodore M. Hesburgh, C.S.C.,
founder of the Kroc Institute,
and for the effort at the
University of Notre Dame
at promoting inter-religious
dialogue in the Middle East
through the Notre Dame
Ecumenical Center in Tantur,
Jerusalem.
The conference closed with
an address on “The Sacred,
Security and Peace” by
William Quandt, currently
of the University of Virginia.
Quandt reflected on his
experiences as a member of
the Camp David-Middle East
peace negotiations of the mid-
1970s and provided an
engaging analysis of the
strategic significance of
religious attitudes of the
participants, and the wider
cultures.
Videotaping of the
conference proceedings, as
well as filmed interviews with
various participants, was made
possible by a grant from the
John D. and Catherine T.
MacArthur Foundation. Plans
for dissemination include
completion of a video on the
conference theme and the
publication of the conference
papers as a scholarly book.
Conference Presentations
Religious Narratives of Violence and Peace — Karen Armstrong
Coming to Terms with Religious Militance — David Little
The Roles of Religious Actors in the Former Yugoslavia — Michael Sells, PaulMojzes, William Vendley
Sources and Patterns of Religious Violence in the Middle East — Emmanuel Sivan,Amira Sonbol, Henry Munson Jr.
Protestant and Catholic Activists in Northern Ireland — Rev. Dr. John Dunlop
Religious Activism in South Africa: Apartheid and its Aftermath — Tristan Borer,Peter Walshe, Rev. Buti Tlhagali
Religion as a Transnational Social Actor — Susanne Hoeber Rudolph
Religious Peacebuilding: Conflict Resolution — John Paul Lederach
Religious Peacebuilding: Religious Human Rights — John Witte Jr.
Religious Peacebuilding: Resources in Religious Traditions — Sulak Sivaraksa,Chandra Muzaffar, Rabbi Marc Gopin, Todd Whitmore
The Sacred, Security and Peace — William Quandt
15
TALKING ACROSS BOUNDARIES:
CULTURES OF VIOLENCE, CULTURES OF PEACE
APRIL 3-4, 1998
in different academic
programs. The planning and
coordination for the conference
was managed by the M.A.
students at the Kroc Institute
and undergraduate peace
concentrators. The intention
was to confront violence, war,
racism and other barriers
to peace, drawing on the
experiences of those who
attended the conference.
The conference opened
with a performance organized
and developed by the Kroc
Institute international scholars.
Saturday’s activities focused
on five roundtable discussions
On April 3-4, Notre Dame
students, faculty, representa-
tives from community
organizations and students
from other colleges and
universities came to the
Hesburgh Center for
International Studies to
attend a conference aimed
at recognizing and breaking
down barriers to peace in the
home, school and community.
Professors Ruthann Johansen
and Carolyn Nordstrom
initiated and implemented
the idea for the conference.
The event fostered creative
interaction between students
titled, respectively, Speaking
Across War Zones, Talking
Through Tyrannies, Professing/
Embodying the Ethical, Re-
Storying Violence and Peace and
Violence on the Home Front.
Each roundtable included
participants who had personal
experience of the issues
involved and a reflection
team that was responsible for
facilitating dialogue, recogniz-
ing barriers or domination
within the group and
developing themes or stories
that might otherwise get lost.
Lou Nanni, a 1987-88 Kroc
alumni and Director of the
Center for the Homeless in
South Bend, and Katherine
Dick, who works at the Center,
facilitated the opening and
closing sessions, encouraged
people from the Center to
participate and articulated
the benefits of crossing
boundaries.
During breaks, participants
could view an exhibit on
themes pertaining to conflict
and peace, including
photographs by Steve Moriarty
and works by children from
South Bend and Croatia.
The conference was funded
by a grant from the Lilly
Foundation Fellows Program.Roundtable discussions encouraged interaction between participants with diverseexperiences.
16
TTO DISSEMINATE INFORMATION ABOUT ITS EDUCATIONAL
AND RESEARCH PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES, THE INSTITUTE
PUBLISHES A SEMI-ANNUAL NEWSLETTER (THE REPORT) AND
MANAGES A WEB SITE.
CIAO is a subscription database
on the Web that provides
full-text versions of working
papers from many prestigious
university research institutes.
CIAO can be accessed at
more than 50 libraries and
governmental and multilateral
institutions in the United States
and abroad and will provide an
excellent means for broadly
disseminating the series.
The Institute also updated
its own Web site and improved
its visibility. The site,
located on Notre
Dame’s server,
contains an
overview of
the Institute,
information
on academic
programs,
directories
of faculty,
staff, visiting
fellows
and
P u b l i c a t i o n s
Advisory Board members,
descriptions of research in
progress and an events
calendar. It receives requests
for more than 350 documents
per week from more than 100
distinct hosts; approximately
half of the hosts served are
educational institutions, and
approximately 15 percent
are outside the United States.
This year, the research
section was updated and
reorganized and occasional
papers were made available in
full-text versions. In addition,
the Institute submitted its URL
to all major search engines and
several peace-related Web
directories added links to the
The Institute also publishes an
occasional paper series, which
includes original pieces of
research by visiting lecturers
and members of the Notre
Dame community. A list of
these occasional papers can
be found in Appendix I.
The Institute took a
significant step in developing
its publications this year by
creating a new professional
specialist position to manage
Institute publications and
dissemination. In December,
Hal Culbertson, J.D., a 1995-96
alumnus of the Kroc Institute’s
M.A. program, was appointed
to the new position.
The Institute gave
substantial attention to
dissemination over the Internet
this year. The Institute now
publishes its occasional paper
series electronically on
Columbia International Affairs
Online (CIAO). A project of the
Columbia University Press,
www.nd.edu/~krocinst
17
Kroc Institute in response to
the Institute’s request. In
February, a monitoring
program was established
that provides weekly reports
on visits to the site, which
indicated that the number of
hosts served weekly grew by
about 20 percent from
February to June.
The Kroc Institute published
two issues of the REPORT. The
REPORT contains a substantial
article by an Institute fellow,
information on books and
articles by Institute fellows,
information about occasional
papers, news about Institute
programs and events, and a
director’s column. It has a
national and international
circulation of approximately
2,500 copies, distributed free
of charge. A new feature added
this year was alumni news,
which profiles Kroc alumni and
their work for peace and justice
worldwide.
In 1997-98, the fellows of
the Kroc Institute published
19 books, 19 articles in
academic journals, and 18
chapters in edited volumes.
A complete list can be found
in Appendix I and II.
18
THE KROC INSTITUTE MAKES A SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION
TO THE UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME, THE LOCAL
COMMUNITY AND THE WIDER ACADEMIC COMMUNITY
THROUGH ITS LECTURE SERIES.
on Ethics and Public Policy.
Named in honor of the
president-emeritus of Notre
Dame who established the
Kroc Institute and who
currently serves as the chair
of its International
Advisory Committee,
the two-day lectures
are designed to
promote scholarly
reflection and debate
on ethical issues in
public affairs.
Ignatieff’s
lectures dealt with
the history of the
moral imagination.
The first reflected
on the experience
of barbarism in the
holocaust as a constitutive
element in the development
of the Universal Declaration
of Human Rights. The second
examined the nature of
genocide through a biographi-
cal and critical exploration of
L e c t u r e s
the views of Raphael Lemkin,
one of the major drafters of the
Genocide Convention. George
Lopez and Dinah Shelton
responded to the lectures.
In addition to several
lectures by Kroc Institute
fellows and visiting fellows, the
Institute sponsored or co-
sponsored lectures
by a number of
distinguished
guests, including
Bruce Cumings,
professor of
history at the
University of
Chicago; Emil
Bolongaita Jr.,
professor at the
Asian Institute of Management;
Richard Solomon, president
of the United
States Institute
of Peace; and
Arthur Helton,
director of
migration
programs at the
Open Society
Institute. A
complete listing
of lectures is given
in Appendix III.
The Institute invites distin-
guished scholars, policymakers
and peace practitioners to
deliver lectures at Notre Dame
in order to stimulate scholarly
debate and promote
interaction between faculty
and students. On March 30-31,
Dr. Michael Ignatieff, a well-
known writer, historian and
broadcaster, delivered the
Fourth Annual Rev. Theodore
M. Hesburgh, C.S.C., Lectures
Dr. Michael Ignatieff and Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh, C.S.C.
Emil Bolongaita
Richard Solomon
19
THE INSTITUTE IS FUNDED PRIMARILY FROM AN ENDOWMENT
GENEROUSLY DONATED BY MRS JOAN B. KROC.
Institute for International
Studies at Brown University.
The sanctions project has also
received financial support
from the U.N. Department
of Humanitarian Affairs and
the John D. and Catherine T.
MacArthur Foundation.
The Ford Foundation
supported the exchange
program in peace studies
between the Kroc Institute
and Jawaharlal Nehru
University in New Delhi, India.
In 1997-98, the grant permitted
a semester-long work by the
two Indian visiting fellows,
Mahendra Lama and P.
Sahadevan, at Notre Dame
(discussed on page 12).
Väyrynen made a lengthy
lecture tour to New Delhi and
Calcutta in January 1998 to
learn from and promote peace
studies in India.
The total budget of the
Kroc Institute in the fiscal year
1997-98 amounted to about
$900,000. The bulk of the
Institute’s expenditure was
spent on faculty and staff
salaries, graduate scholarships
and the costs of various
research and outreach activities.
In addition to the
endowment income, the
Institute receives financial
support from the Provost’s
Office and from the Graduate
School in the form of tuition
waivers for its graduate
students. In 1997-98, the
support of the Provost’s Office
was especially important in the
organization of the conference
on The Sacred, the Sword, and
Global Society.
The United States Institute
of Peace has supported several
of the Institute’s research
projects. In 1997-98 the USIP
provided funding for the
project directed by Robert C.
Johansen on alternative forms
of peacekeeping and for the
cooperative effort to strengthen
peace and security in the
former Yugoslavia, headed by
Raimo Väyrynen. Moreover,
the USIP gave a grant to
support research on economic
sanctions carried out by David
Cortright and George Lopez in
cooperation with the Watson
F i n a n c e s
She also greatly contributed
toward the costs of construct-
ing the Hesburgh Center, the
building in which the Institute
is located. The Institute
has also benefitted from the
generosity of other donors,
especially Peter M. Wege,
William E. Ferguson and
Andrew and Bonnie Polich.
The Singh Family has
supported library acquisitions
in peace and conflict studies.
Thomas D. McCloskey, Ray L.
Holden and Msgr. Francis L.
Sampson have provided funds
from which the graduate
students continue to benefit.
The second annual Peter
Yarrow Peace Award for
undergraduate peace studies
was funded by Ms. Leslie
Anderson. During the 1997-98
academic year, the graduate
program of the Institute also
received funding from the
United States Information
Agency (USIA) via a grant
from NAFSA: Association of
International Educators.
20
TTHE KROC INSTITUTE IS A PART OF THE UNIVERSITY OF
NOTRE DAME, WHERE IT TRANSCENDS THE TRADITIONAL
DEPARTMENTAL STRUCTURE AND IS SUBORDINATED DIRECTLY
TO THE UNIVERSITY’S LEADERSHIP.
tee meets every month during
the semesters and addresses
the issues concerning the
finances, appointments and
priorities of the Institute.
A d m i n i s t r a t i o n a n d S t a f f
The chief administrative officer
of the Institute is its director,
who cooperates with the
fellows in steering its work.
The Institute has four
advisory committees, which
are constituted by fellows
and staff members. These
committees are: Graduate
Advisory Committee,
Robert Johansen (chair);
Graduate Admissions
Committee, Alan Dowty
(chair); Research and
Publications Committee,
James Sterba (chair); and
Undergraduate Advisory
Committee, George Lopez
(chair). The committee
members are appointed by
the director with the exception
of the Executive Committee,
which has four members
elected by the fellows and
three ex officio members.
The fellows meet in plenary
sessions once or twice each
term. The Executive Commit-
The organization and
administration of the Kroc
Institute is summarized in
the following chart:
International AdvisoryBoard/Chair
Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh, C.S.C.
AdministrativeStaff
GraduateProgramDirector
Robert Johansen
UndergraduateProgramDirector
George Lopez
AdministratorInternational
ScholarsProgram
Anne Hayner
Executive CommitteeRaimo Väyrynen
Scott Appleby, Alan Dowty,Barbara Fick,
Rev. Patrick Gaffney, C.S.C.,Robert Johansen, George Lopez
Fellows
GraduateAdvisory
CommitteeRobert Johansen,
chair
UndergraduateAdvisory
CommitteeGeorge Lopez,
chair
GraduateAdmissionsCommitteeAlan Dowty,
chair
Research andPublicationsCommitteeJames Sterba,
chair
DirectorRaimo Väyrynen
Publicationsand
DisseminationHal Culbertson
21
Raimo Väyrynen is the John
M. Regan Jr. Director of the
Kroc Institute and professor of
government and international
studies at the University of
Notre Dame. From 1972 to
1978 he was director of the
Tampere Peace Research
Institute (Finland) and from
1975 to 1979
the secretary-
general of the
International
Peace
Research
Association.
Väyrynen
served the
University of
Helsinki as
professor of international
relations from 1978 to 1998
(on leave in 1993-98) and
during 1990-93 was the
dean of its faculty for social
sciences. In 1997-98,
appointed by the Danish
Ministry of Research
and Technology, he
chaired the board of
Copenhagen Peace
Research Institute and
co-directed at U.N.
University’s World
Institute for Development
Economics Research an
international program on “The
Political Economy of Complex
Humanitarian Emergencies.”
Väyrynen serves on the
editorial boards of Global
Governance, The Journal
of Peace Research and
International Political
Economy Yearbook.
Robert C. Johansen is
professor of govern-
ment and international
studies at Notre Dame
and director of graduate
studies at the Kroc
Institute. Johansen, the past
president of the World Policy
Institute, served on the
Executive Council of the
Peace Studies Section of
the International Studies
Association in 1997-98 and
was the founding editor-in-
chief of the World Policy
Journal.
George A. Lopez
is professor of
government and
international
studies and
I n s t i t u t e S t a f f
director of undergraduate
studies at the Kroc Institute.
He has published eight edited
collections on state coercion,
violence and repression and
serves on the editorial boards
of several journals, including
The Bulletin of
Atomic Scientists,
where he chairs
the board of
directors; Human
Rights Quarterly;
American Journal
of Political
Science; and
Peace Review.
During the fall
of 1997, Lopez served as
interim executive director
of the Educational Foundation
for Nuclear Science in Chicago.
Carolyn R. Nordstrom is
associate professor in
anthropology and fellow of
the Institute, where she teaches
conflict studies. She arrived
at Notre Dame in 1997 from
teaching and research positions
at the University of California
at Berkeley. For two decades,
she has conducted and
published on field research
Raimo Väyrynen
Robert C. Johansen
George A. Lopez
22
in war zones around the world.
Nordstrom is associate editor
of International Feminist Journal
of Politics and serves on the
advisory board of the
Ethnography of Political
Violence Series at the
University of Pennsylvania
Press. She is an elected
member of the Notre Dame
College Council.
Office Staff
Hal Culbertson, Publications andDissemination
Anne E. Hayner, Administrator,International Scholars Programs
Rosemarie R. Green, AdmissionsCoordinator and Registrar
Clare V. White, AdministrativeAssistant (Until April 30)
Linda K. Brady, AdministrativeAssistant (Beginning May 1)
Marguerite E. Holleman, Secretaryand Receptionist
Diane P. Hagens, Secretary
TThe Kroc Institute expanded its core faculty this year through
the appointment of Carolyn Nordstrom as a fellow in the core
faculty of the Institute and associate professor of anthropology.
Nordstrom’s extensive field experience in war zones in Africa and
Asia and her innovative approaches to understanding political
violence significantly enhance the Institute’s teaching and
research in the area of conflict studies.
Nordstrom earned a Ph.D. in medical anthropology from a
joint program between the University of California at Berkeley
and the University of California at San Francisco in 1986 and has
been teaching and conducting
research in peace and conflict
studies at the University of
California at Berkeley since that
time. She teaches the core courses
in conflict analysis and conflict
resolution for the Kroc Institute as
well as courses in anthropology.
Nordstrom has analyzed
several aspects of warfare,
including the rise of militarism,
the spread of human-rights
abuses, the dilemmas of health
and the role of women and
children in war. Her recent
publications include A Different Kind of War Story (University of
Pennsylvania Press, 1997), and she has co-edited Fieldwork Under
Fire: Contemporary Studies of Violence and Survival (University of
California Press, 1995) and Girls and Warzones — Troubling
Questions (Life and Peace Institute, 1997). She has also examined
post-war transformation, including its relationship to organized
crime and extra-state interactions. She is currently researching
post-war reconstruction in southern Africa.
Carolyn R. Nordstrom
23
Kathleen Maas Weigert, AssociateDirector, Academic Affairs andResearch, Center for Social Concerns;Concurrent Associate Professor,American Studies.
Todd D. Whitmore, AssociateProfessor, Theology.
Charles K. Wilber, Professor,Economics
Rev. Oliver Williams, C.S.C., AssociateProfessor, Management
John Howard Yoder, Professor,Theology. (Deceased)
*Members of the Kroc Institute ExecutiveCommittee during 1997-98.
Visiting Fellows 1997-98
David Cortright, President, FourthFreedom Forum, Goshen, Indiana
Arie Kacowicz, Lecturer and ResearchFellow, Hebrew University ofJerusalem, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem
Mahendra Lama, Associate Professor,Jawaharlal Nehru University, NewDelhi, India (Fall 1997)
P. Sahadevan, Associate Professor,Jawaharlal Nehru University, NewDelhi, India (Spring 1998)
Barbara McCrea, Acting Director,Program in DevelopmentAdministration, Western MichiganUniversity
Basil O’Leary, University ofNotre Dame
The provost of the University has appointed the fellows of the
Institute for the period 1996-99. The fellows represent a wide variety
of disciplines and departments of the University. The current fellows
are as follows:
Ruthann K. Johansen, AssociateProfessional Specialist, AssistantDirector and Concurrent AssociateProfessor, Arts and Letters Core Course
Gilburt D. Loescher, Professor,Government and International Studies
A. James McAdams, Department Chairand Professor, Government andInternational Studies
Martha L. Merritt, Assistant Professor,Government.
Sharon O’Brien, Associate Professor,Government and International Studies
Rev. Robert S. Pelton, C.S.C.,Concurrent Professor, Theology
Andrew Reynolds, Assistant Professor,Government
Dinah L. Shelton, Professor, LawSchool and Center for Civil and HumanRights
James Sterba, Professor, Philosophy
Lee A. Tavis, The C. R. Smith Chairand Professor, Finance
A. Peter Walshe, Professor,Government and International Studies;Director, African Studies Program.
J. Robert Wegs, Professor, History;Director, Nanovic Center for EuropeanStudies.
Andrew J. Weigert, Professor,Sociology.
F e l l o w s
*R. Scott Appleby, Associate Professor,History; Director, Cushwa Center forthe Study of American Catholicism
Jeffrey H. Bergstrand, AssociateProfessor, Finance and BusinessEconomics
Rev. David B. Burrell, C.S.C., The Rev.Theodore M. Hesburgh, C.S.C., Chairand Professor, Theology andPhilosophy
E. Mark Cummings, Professor,Psychology
M. Hilary Cunningham, AssistantProfessor, Anthropology
Fred R. Dallmayr, The Packey J. DeeChair and Professor, Government andInternational Studies
Patricia Davis, Assistant Professor,Government and International Studies
*Alan K. Dowty, Professor,Government and International Studies
*Barbara J. Fick, Associate Professor,Law School
Michael J. Francis, Assistant Provostfor International Studies; Professor,Government and International Studies
*Rev. Patrick D. Gaffney, C.S.C.,Associate Professor, Anthropology
Denis A. Goulet, The William andDorothy O’Neill Chair in Education forJustice and Professor, Economics
George S. Howard, Professor,Psychology
24
In spring 1996, the Institute established a new International
Advisory Board to advise on the future directions and priorities of its
activities. The board, chaired by Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh,
C.S.C., president emeritus, University of Notre Dame, includes
scholars and policymakers from both the United States and abroad.
The board has the following members:
Dr. Jane E. Holl, Executive Director,Carnegie Commission on PreventingDeadly Conflict, USA
Dr. Spurgeon Keeny, President, ArmsControl Association, USA
Ambassador Celso Lafer, BrazilianAmbassador to the United Nations,Geneva
Professor Liang Yufan, President,Shanghai Institute for InternationalStrategic Studies, China
Dr. James E. Muller, Professor ofMedicine, Chief, Division of Cardiology,University of Kentucky, USA
Dr. Sadago Ogata, United Nations HighCommissioner for Refugees, Japan
Dr. Victor Rabinowitch, Senior VicePresident, The MacArthur Foundation,USA
I n t e r n a t i o n a lA d v i s o r y B o a r d
Dr. Alexei Arbatov, Member of theState Duma, Director, Center forGeopolitical Forecasts, Russia
Dr. Landrum Bolling, ConflictManagement Group, USA and formerPresident of Earlham College, USA
Professor Dr. Ernst-Otto Czempiel,Co-Director, Peace Research Institute,Frankfurt, Germany.
Professor Lori Fisler Damrosch,Columbia University School of Law,USA
Ambassador Jan Eliasson, PermanentUnder Secretary at the Ministry forForeign Affairs, Sweden
Ms. Randall Forsberg, ExecutiveDirector, Institute for Defense andDisarmament Studies, USA
Professor Alexander George,Department of Political Science,Stanford University, USA
Professor (Rev.) J. Bryan Hehir, S.J.,Divinity School and The WeatherheadCenter for International Affairs,Harvard University, USA
25
During 1997-98, the fellows of
the Institute published 19 books
related to peace issues. These
are listed below.
Books
David Cortright, ed.The Price of Peace: Incentives andInternational Conflict Prevention(Rowman and Littlefield, 1997)
James D. Davidson, Kathleen MaasWeigert, Andrea S. Williams, JanStenftenagel, William J. Whalen andPatricia Wittberg, S.C.The Search for Common Ground: WhatUnites and Divides Catholic Americans(Our Sunday Visitor PublishingDivision, 1997)
Fred DallmayrAlternative Visions: Paths in the GlobalVillage (Rowman and Littlefield, 1998)
Alan DowtyThe Jewish State: A Century Later(University of California Press, 1998)
George S. HowardEcological Psychology: Creating a MoreEarth-Friendly Human Nature(University of Notre Dame Press, 1997)
A. James McAdams, ed.Transitional Justice and The Rule of Lawin New Democracies (University of NotreDame Press, 1997)
Carolyn NordstromA Different Kind of War Story(University of Pennsylvania Press,1997)
Robert S. Pelton, C.S.C., ed.Small Christian Communities: ImagingFuture Church (University of NotreDame Press, 1997)
Maura A. Ryan and Todd Whitmore,eds.The Challenge of Global Stewardship:Roman Catholic Responses (Universityof Notre Dame Press, 1997)
Alexandre Kiss and Dinah SheltonManual of European Environmental Law,Second Edition (Cambridge UniversityPress, 1997)
Jackie Smith, Charles Chatfield andRon Pagnucco, eds.Transnational Social Movements andGlobal Politics: Solidarity Beyond theState (Syracuse University Press, 1997)
James P. SterbaJustice for Here and Now (CambridgeUniversity Press, 1998)
Justice: Alternative Political Perspectives,Third Edition (Wadsworth PublishingCo., 1998)
Ethics: The Big Questions (BlackwellPublishers, 1998)
Thomas Weiss, David Cortright,George A. Lopez and Larry Minear,eds.Political Gain and Civilian Pain:Humanitarian Impacts of EconomicSanctions (Rowman and Littlefield,1997)
Charles K. Wilber, ed.Economics, Ethics and Public Policy(Rowman and Littlefield, 1998)
Raimo VäyrynenGlobal Transformation, Economics,Politics, Culture (Finnish National Fundfor Research and Development, 1997)
John H. YoderFor the Nations: Essays Public andEvangelical (Eerdmans, 1997)
Occasional Papers
Occasional papers are original
pieces of research by visiting
lecturers and members of the
Notre Dame community. The
Institute published three
occasional papers, which are
listed below. The full text of two
of these papers is available on
the Institute’s Web page and on
Columbia International Affairs
Online (CIAO).
Christopher KougniazondePeace by Non-Lethal Means: ATranscultural Approach to HealingGenocidal Wounds in Rwanda
Cecelia LynchInternationalism in HistoricalPerspective: Changing Meanings,Changing Ethics?
Raimo VäyrynenPost-Hegemonic and Post-SocialistRegionalism: A Comparison of East Asiaand Central Europe
A p p e n d i x I
25
2626
During 1997-98, the Fellows
of the Institute published the
following pieces of research in
academic journals and edited
volumes.
Jeffrey Bergstrand and Scott L. Baier.“International Trade, Regional FreeTrade Agreements, and EconomicDevelopment.” In Review ofDevelopment Economics 1, no. 2(June 1997): 153-170.
Rev. David B. Burrell, C.S.C.“Philosophical Reflections on ReligiousClaims and Religious Intransigencein Relation to the Conflict.” InPhilosophical Perspectives on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, ed. Tomis Kapitan.Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe, 1997.
David Cortright. “Gandhi’s Influenceon the U.S. Peace Movement.” InInternational Studies. Quarterly Journalof The School of International Studies.New Delhi: Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityPress 34, no. 3 (1997): 359-376.
—. “Incentives and Cooperation inInternational Affairs.” In The Price ofPeace: Incentives and InternationalConflict Prevention, ed. David Cortright.Lanham, Md.: Rowman and Littlefield,1997.
—. “Incentive Strategies for PreventingConflict.” In The Price of Peace:Incentives and International ConflictPrevention, ed. David Cortright.Lanham, Md.: Rowman and Littlefield,1997.
David Cortright and George A. Lopez.“Carrots, Sticks, and Cooperation—Economic Tools of Statecraft.” In Casesand Strategies for Preventive Action,Preventive Action Reports 2, ed. BarnettR. Rubin. New York, N.Y.: The CenturyFoundation Press (March 1998):113-114.
A p p e n d i x I I
—. “Economic Sanctions and HumanRights: Part of the Problem, or Part ofthe Solution?” In International Journalof Human Rights 1, no. 2 (Summer1997): 1-25.
David Cortright and Amitabh Mattoo.“Carrots and Cooperation: Incentivesfor Conflict Prevention in South Asia.”In The Price of Peace: Incentives andInternational Conflict Prevention, ed.David Cortright. Lanham, Md.:Rowman and Littlefield, 1997.
David Cortright and Ron Pagnucco.“Transnational Activism in the NuclearWeapons Freeze Campaign.” InCoalitions and Political Movements:The Lessons of the Nuclear Freeze, ed.Thomas R. Rochon and David S. Meyer.Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers,1997.
Larry Minear, David Cortright, JuliaWagler, George A. Lopez, and ThomasG. Weiss. “Toward More Humane andEffective Sanctions Management:Enhancing The Capacity Of The UnitedNations System.” Occasional Paper#31. Providence, R.I.: Thomas J.Watson Jr. Institute for InternationalStudies, Brown University, 1998.
Fred R. Dallmayr. “Inoperative GlobalCommunity? Reflections on Nancy.”In On Jean-Luc Nancy: The Sense ofPhilosophy, ed. D. Sheppard, S. Sparksand Colin Thomas. New York-London:Routledge, 1997.
Patricia Davis and Peter Dombrowski.“Appetite of the Wolf: GermanAssistance for the Transition in Centraland Eastern Europe.” In GermanPolitics 6, no. 1 (1997): 1-22.
—. “National Interests Revisited: TheGerman Case.” In German Politics andSociety 16, no. 1 (Spring 1998): 82-111.
Alan Dowty. “Is There A JewishPolitics?” In The Role of DomesticPolitics in Israeli Peacemaking, ed.David Hornick. Leonard Davis Instituteof International Relations, 1997.
—. “Israel’s First Fifty Years.” InCurrent History 97, no. 615 (January1998): 26-31.
Michael J. Francis. “U.S. and LatinAmerica: Hemispheric Futures.” InStudies in Comparative InternationalDevelopment 31, no. 4 (1997): 83-97.
Rev. Patrick Gaffney, C.S.C.“Fundamentalist Preaching andIslamic Militancy in Upper Egypt.”In Spokesmen for the Despised:Fundamentalist Leaders of the MiddleEast, ed. R. Scott Appleby. Chicago:University of Chicago Press, 1997.
Denis Goulet. “Débats au sujet dudéveloppement (USA) DevelopmentDebates.” Spiritus XXXVIII no. 148(September 1997, special issue onPopulorum Progressio, 30 Ans Apres):288-297.
—. “Development Ethics: A NewDiscipline.” In International Journal ofSocial Economics 24, no. 11 (1997):1160-1171.
—. “Desenvolvimento autêntico:fazendo-o sustentável.” In MeioAmbiente, Desenvolvimento SustentávelE Politicas Publicas. Clóvis Cavalcanti,org., São Paulo, Brazil: FundaçãoJoaquim Nabuco, 1997.
—. “Development: Costs,Alternatives.” In InternationalHandbook of Education andDevelopment, ed. William K. Cummingsand Noel McGinn. Oxford/New York:Pergamon, 1997.
2727
Robert C. Johansen. “Building WorldSecurity: The Need for StrengthenedInternational Institutions.” In WorldSecurity: Challenges for a New Century,ed. Michael T. Klare and YogeshChandrani. New York: St. Martin’sPress, 1998.
Arie M. Kacowicz. “‘Negative’International Peace and DomesticConflicts, West Africa, 1957-96.” InJournal of Modern African Studies 33,no. 3 (1997): 367-385.
Gilburt D. Loescher. “The UnitedNations High Commissioner forRefugees in the Post Cold War Era.”In The Politics of InternationalHumanitarian Aid Operations, ed.Eric A. Belgrad and Nitza Nachmias.Westport, CT: Praeger, 1997.
George A. Lopez and David Cortright.“Trouble in the Gulf: Pain andPromise.” In The Bulletin of the AtomicScientists 54, no. 3 (May-June 1998):39-43.
—. “Finanzielle Sanktionen:der Schlüssel zu einer Strategie‘intelligenter’ Sanktionen (FinancialSanctions: The Key to a ‘Smart’Sanctions Strategy).” In Die Friedens-Warte 22, no. 4 (December 1997).
—. “Carrots, Sticks and Cooperation:Economic Tools of Statecraft.” InCauses and Strategies for PreventiveAction. New York: Twentieth CenturyFund, 1997.
Jackie Smith and Ron Pagnucco withGeorge A. Lopez. “Globalizing HumanRights: The Work of TransnationalHuman Rights NGOs in the 1990s.” InHuman Rights Quarterly 20, no. 2 (May1998): 379-412.
Carolyn Nordstrom. “The Eye of theStorm: From War to Peace — Examplesfrom Sri Lanka and Mozambique.” InCultural Variation in Conflict Resolution:Alternatives to Violence, ed. Douglas P.Fry and Kaj Björkqvist. Mahwah, NewJersey: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates,1997.
—. “Deadly Myths of Aggression.”In Aggressive Behavior 24 (1998):147-159.
—. “Terror Warfare and the Medicineof Peace.” In Medical AnthropologyQuarterly 12, no. 1 (1998): 103-121.
P. Sahadevan. “Resistance toResolution: Explaining the Intractabilityof Ethnic Conflict in Sri Lanka.” InInternational Journal of Group Tensions27, no. 1 (spring, 1997): 19-41.
Dinah Shelton. “Litigating ForeignEnvironmental Damage in UnitedStates Courts.” In European BusinessLaw Review (May/June 1997).
—. “Reconcilable Differences? TheInterpretation of Multilingual Treaties.”In Hastings International andComparative Law Review 20, no. 3(1997): 611-638.
James P. Sterba. “Biocentrism andEcological Integrity.” In Sustainabilityand Ecological Integrity, ed. JohnLemmon and Laura Westra. Hamden,Ct: Garland, 1997.
Raimo Väyrynen. “EconomicIncentives and the Bosnian PeaceProcess.” In The Price of Peace, ed.David Cortright. Lanham, Maryland:Rowman & Littlefield, 1997.
—. “Towards a Pluralistic SecurityCommunity in the Baltic Sea Region?”In And Now What? International PoliticsAfter the Cold War. Essays in Honor ofNikolaj Petersen, ed. George Sorensenand Hans-Henrik Holm. Politica:Aarhus, Denmark, 1998.
A p p e n d i x I I I
During the academic year
1997-98 the Institute arranged
the following lectures:
Fall 1997
September 11“The Enlargement of Nato: Consensusand Controversy” — Raimo Väyrynen,Professor, Government and InternationalStudies and Regan Director, Joan B. KrocInstitute for International Peace Studies
September 15“The United States Institute of Peace:Goals and Activities” — RichardSolomon, President, The United StatesInstitute of Peace, Washington, D.C.
September 18“North Korea: Humanitarian Crisis inthe Making?” — Bruce Cumings,Professor, University of Chicago,Chicago, Illinois
September 25“A Perilous Peace: The Challenge ofGovernance in Mindanao” — EmilBolongaita, Professor, Asian Instituteof Management, Manila, Philippines,M.A., peace studies ’89, Ph.D.,Government and International Studies,‘97, University of Notre Dame
October 2“Forced Migration in the Former SovietUnion” — Arthur C. Helton, Director,Migration Programs at the Open SocietyInstitute, New York and Budapest,Adjunct Professor of Law, New YorkUniversity School of Law
October 6“Electoral Competition, PoliticalViolence and Democratization”and “Democracy as an OptimalEnforcement Mechanism for Power-Sharing Contracts” — LeonardWantchekon, Professor, Departmentof Political Science, Yale University
October 9“South Asian Nuclear Proliferation andRegional Security” — Samina Ahmed,Resident fellow, Institute of RegionalStudies, Islamabad, Pakistan andCooperative Monitoring Center, Sandia,National Laboratories, N.M.
November 6“The Refugee Situation in South Asia”— Mahendra Lama, AssociateProfessor, Jawaharlal Nehru Universityand Visiting Fellow, the Kroc Institute
November 13“U.N. Peacekeeping: Lessons FromRecent Experiences” — Robert C.Johansen, Professor of Government andInternational Studies and Fellow of theKroc Institute
November 17“From Zaire to Congo; from Mobutu toKabila: Background and Implications”— Professor Leonard Gashugi, Chair,Department of Accounting, Economicsand Finance, Andrews University, BerrienSprings, Michigan
November 18“Children and Family Conflict” —E. Mark Cummings, Professor,Department of Psychology, and Fellowof the Kroc Institute
December 1“Sharing Jerusalem: Two Capitals forTwo Nations” — Zoughbi Zoughbi,Founder and Director of Wi’am, ThePalestinian Conflict Resolution Center,Bethlehem, West Bank, Palestine; M.A.,Peace Studies ’89
December 2“Reparations for Human RightsViolations” — Dinah Shelton,Professor, Notre Dame Law Schooland Fellow of the Kroc Institute
28
Spring 1998
January 20“Shadow Powers: Redefining thePost-National World” — CarolynNordstrom, Associate Professor,Department of Anthropology and Fellowof the Kroc Institute
February 3“Regionalization Versus Multilateralismin Augmenting World Trade andEconomic Cooperation” — JeffreyBergstrand, Associate Professor, Collegeof Business Administration and Fellow ofthe Kroc Institute
February 11“Dealing with Saddam: Bombing,Bargaining or Bailing Out?” — GeorgeA. Lopez, Professor, Government andInternational Studies and Fellow of theKroc Institute and David Cortright,President, Fourth Freedom Forum andFellow of the Kroc Institute
February 17“The Special Senate of America: AMagna Carta?” — Rev. Robert S.Pelton, C.S.C., Department of Theology,LANACC and Fellow of the Kroc Institute
February 19“Macro-Economic Performance inDemocratic Africa and Its Implicationsfor Conflict Management” — NicolasVan de Walle, Associate Professor,Michigan State University
“Challenges of DemocraticConsolidation in Sub-Saharan Africa”— Andrew Reynolds, AssistantProfessor, Government and InternationalStudies and Fellow of the Kroc Institute(Co-Sponsored with the Kellogg Institute)
February 26“Zones of Peace in the Third World:South America and West Africa inComparative Perspective” — ArieKacowicz, Research Fellow at theLeonard Davis Institute of InternationalAffairs at the Hebrew University ofJerusalem and Visiting Fellow of theKroc Institute
March 5“Unarmed Bodyguards: InternationalAccompaniment for the Protection ofHuman Rights” — Liam Mahoney,Writer and Consultant for NGOOrganizations and Co-Founder of thePeace Brigades Haiti Project
April 7“Globalization: Curse or Promise?” —Fred Dallmayr, Professor, Governmentand International Studies and Fellow ofthe Kroc Institute
April 23“The Duty of Intervention: The Case ofPhysicians for Human Rights — Israel”— Ruchama Marton, Visiting Fellow,Harvard University and Founder of thePhysicians for Human Rights — Israel
April 27“The ‘Just War’ — Does it Still Exist?”— Gerard Beestermoller, Fellow of theGerman-American Center for VisitingScholars, Washington, D.C., and DeputyDirector of the Institute for Theology andPeace, Hamburg, Germany
April 30“Coping with Disorder: Strategies toEnd Internal Wars in South Asia” —P. Sahadevan, Associate Professor,School of International Studies,Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi,India and Visiting Fellow of the KrocInstitute
The Fourth Annual Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh, C.S.C.,
Lecture on Ethics and Public Policy
March 30Chapters in the History of theMoral Imagination: “Barbarism andCivilization in the Age of HumanRights” — Michael Ignatieff, Writer,Historian and Broadcaster
March 31Chapters in the History of theMoral Imagination: “Genocide andHuman Identity” — MichaelIgnatieff, Writer, Historian andBroadcaster
Hesburgh Center for International Studies
P.O. Box 639
Notre Dame, Indiana 46556-0639
Phone: (219) 631-6970
Fax: (219) 631-6973
http://www.nd.edu/~krocinst
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T h e J o a n B . K r o c I n s t i t u t ef o r I n t e r n a t i o n a lP e a c e S t u d i e s
