Nomads No More

Kublai Khan & the Yuan Dynasty

Kublai Khan

Grandson of Temujin

Conquered China

Unified China

Economic trade

Toleration of culture

“Great Khan”

Yuan Dynasty

First time in 300 years

Opened foreign markets

Did not destroy

Built a capital in

Beijing

Supported arts/luxury

First Mongolian

Ruler to live in China

Established Chinese prestige

Rules of Ruling

Conqueror by horse…

Chinese leadership?

Works?

Connects Beijing -???

Internal trade

Govern by throne

Local, not high positions

Grand Canal/Highway

Hangzhou

Supply of grain/goods

Four Class System

• Segregation, Apartheid, Racial heirarchy• Mongolian, Semu, Han and Southerners (Song Dynasty)Caste system

• Kublai KhanInstituted by?

• Those who submitted first are to be treated with higher regard

• Political oppression & ethnic segregationPsychological effect?

• Contributed to corrpution and poor leadership due to bribery

• Ultimately led to Yuan decline

System to establish Mongolian

GOVERNABILITY

• Mongolian peace with conquored areasPax Mongolica?

• Printing, gunpowder, paper money, compass, playing cardsChinese Inventions?

• Muslim world, India, EuropeInvited trade

• No other option, fear, no attachment to former states

Why did trade occur with Mongols?

WestEast

Culture

• Constructed the Sitiantai• Many Chinese astrologers

Astrology

• Imported numbers from Arabic world• Aided in Chinese astrology

Mathematics

• HuiHui Prescription – the mixture of Muslim/Chinese medicineMedicine

• Yuan Drama - popular style of drama• Urheen – stringed instrument

Literature/Drama/Music

Decline of the Yuan

• Expensive wars/military failures• Misrule of lower class• Famine, failing economies, flood, disease

What caused leadership in

Europe to fail?

• Infighting• Bad leadership• Corruption

Kublai Khan’s Death: 1294

• 1300’s began period of Chinese unrest• Other Mongolian empires also fell at around

this timeRebellion