Kuliah-6 Penghematan Energi Lewat Dsm-ssm Listrik Prabayar 2

PENGHEMATAN ENERGI

LEWAT DEMAND SIDE

MANAGEMENT serta

LISTRIK PRABAYAR

Dosen : Ir.H.Syariffuddin Mahmudsyah,M.Eng.

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REGULATION AND POLICY-MAKING FOR AFRICA

SUPPLY SIDE MANAGEMENT


Supply-Side Management

What is it?

Measures to:

Decrease supply costs

Increase supply capacity

Improve supply delivery

Why pursue it?

Ensure sustained availability of reliable energy

Meet increasing electricity demand

Mitigate environmental impact of energy production and supply


SSM Options and Opportunities

Resources and Resource Preparation

Power Generation and Energy Conversion

Transmission

Distribution

Transport of Fossil Fuels


Resources and Resource Preparation

Clean Coal Technologies (CCTs)

Overall CCTs improve the efficiency of coal-based electricity generation, with benefits such as:

Increased electrical power output per unit of coal fired;

Reduced environmental impact per unit of coal fired, possibly in conjunction with partial or total removal of CO2 and SOx emissions.

Ex.

- Fluidised Bed Combustion

- Pressurised Pulverised Coal Combustion

- Next generation: underground coal gasification and carbon capture


Resources and Resource Preparation (2)

Fuel Substitution

The process of substituting one fuel for another

The combustion of natural gas generally can be carried out much more efficiently than oil or coal

Renewable Energy

Wind, solar, geothermal

Biomass might provide important energy supplies at competitive/ moderate cost ~ Case study Methane Generation in Lusaka


Power Generation and Energy Conversion

Operation Improvement in Existing Plants

Improvements possible where equipment and systems are not

run at top efficiency include:

Housekeeping

Maintenance

Data and performance monitoring

Combustion - Fluid bed combustion control

Upgrading Existing Power Supply


Power Generation and Energy Conversion (2)

Upgrading Generation Units

It can improve reliability, increase output and reduce

environmental impact through:

Installation of new and improved burners

Extra flue gas heat recovery

Additional heat recovery from hot blow-down water


Power Generation and Energy Conversion (3)

Cogeneration

Production of heat as well as electricity from a single fuel source (combined heat and power - CHP)

Benefits:

Economic

Environmental

Enhanced reliability of electricity supply


Transmission

Transmission LinesThey operate at high voltage.

Issues:

Thermal limitations

Voltage fluctuations

System operating constraints

Data monitoringneed for comprehensive information on all system elements:

Computerised systems available (SCADA)

Normally managed by system owner/operator

Could be shifted to utility company


Transmission (2)

Load AggregationEnergy users band together to secure better prices.

Desired effect is a flatter overall load profile, a higher load factor and ultimately lower per unit energy costs for members of aggregate group

Substation improvementsHigher efficiency equipment

Transformers - payback periods of 2 to 5 years are typical

Other key equipment: switchgear, alarms and controls.


Distribution

Upgrading Distribution Systems

Issues: variable losses, fixed losses and non-technical losses

Solutions: increase the cross sectional area of lines / demand-side management

On-Site Generation

Interesting when nearing maximum level of demand

Benefits:

On site self-generation reduces demand on the grid.

Reduces transmission losses from a distant power source.


Distribution (2)

Power factor improvement

Power factor = the ratio between the useful load and the

apparent load for a system:

Incentives (or penalties) to encourage power factor improvement

Benefits:

Energy to be used more efficiently (at higher power factor)

Less power needs to be generated


Transport of Fossil Fuels

Lots of energy efficiency improvements possible

Pipelines:

Oversized , inappropriate motors

Opportunity for using high efficiency motors

Road transport:

Tyre pressures checked regularly

Planning of routes and loads


SSM Constraints and Challenges

Availability of comprehensive information

First cost basis drives decisions

Experience in new technologies lacking in developing countries

Case studies on bagasse for India and Eastern and Southern Africa

When funds for investment available: evaluate all potential projects, especially those requiring large investments and those having a long life expectancy (cogeneration plants)


SSM Constraints and Challenges (2)

Transmission and distribution: challenge will be the funding of large investments to replace old equipment or to add significantly to capacity.

Power factor improvement might benefit all.


CONCLUSIONS OF SSM

Both improve the efficiency of current and future supply as the use of renewable resources.

Supply options need to be identified, evaluated, optimally selected and implemented to sustainably meet the demand

while achieving economic and environmental benefits

The most immediate options for SSM are:

Upgrading existing plants and networks

Load aggregation

Fuel switching

Cogeneration and on-site generation

PROGRAM LISTRIK

PRABAYAR

Program Listrik Prabayar adalah suatu program yang ditawarkan PLN kepada pelanggannya agar dapat mengendalikan pemakaian listriknya sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan bagi pelanggan pasang baru maupun yang migrasi dari pasca bayar dapat dengan mudah mengajukan pemasangan listrik prabayar cukup dengan menghubungi kantor pelayanan PLN terdekat, melengkapi surat-surat permohonan, dan jika hasil survey lokasi tidak ada masalah, maka dengan segera PLN dapat melakukan pemasangan.

Masih adanya keluhan : Pencatat meter Tagihan tidak menentu Tunggakan rekening rumah kontrakan/kos Salah pemutusan Tagihan tidak sesuai dengan pemakaian

Adalah cara baru bagi pelanggan untuk mengelola dan mengendalikan sendiri pemakaian listik sesuai kebutuhan dan keinginan pelanggan.

1. Pelanggan dengan mudah dapat memantau pemakaian listriknyasetiap saat.

2. Pelanggan dapat mendisiplinkan diri sendiri untuk menggunakanlistrik sesuai dengan anggaran belanja.

3. Pelanggan dengan mudah dapat mengendalikan pemakaiandan biaya listriknya sehingga terhindar dari pemborosan.

MANFAAT BAGI PELANGGAN

Melakukan kontrol Penggunaan Listrik

Merubah perilaku hemat energi

Privacy (tidak perlu pencatatan meter/bln)

KEUNTUNGAN LISTRIK PRABAYAR

1. Pelanggan bisa membeli TOKEN (isi ulang energi listrik)di payment point dan ATM dengan jaringan yang luas.

2. Pelanggan tidak perlu repot membukakan pintu rumahkarena tidak akan didatangi petugas pencatat meter.

3. Tidak akan ada kesalahan pencatatan meter.4. Tidak ada istilah menunggak, sehingga tidak akan

didatangi petugas penagihan.5. Privasi pelanggan tidak terganggu

1. Pastikan meter prabayar selalu dalam kondisi terisi token.2. Apabila token habis maka otomatis listrik akan padam.3. Untuk menghidupkan listrik karena token habis maka

meter prabayar harus diisi ulang.Token hanya dapat digunakan sekali pakai.

4. Token hanya dapat digunakan untuk meter seri tertentu.

Pelanggan baru

Pelanggan pasca bayar migrasi ke pra bayar (dikenakan biaya administrasi)

Untuk sementara LPB diperuntukkan sambungan 1 Phasa dengan daya 900VA, 1300VA, 2200VA, 3500VA, 4400VA, dan 5500VA.

Saat ini Token dapat diperoleh di :

BPR KS, PT. POS Bank Bukopin Bank Mitra PLN (ATM dll)

1. Nilai token terdiri dari unsur kWh, PPJ dan materai2. Pilihan nilai token tertentu (Rp 20.000, Rp 50.000,Rp 100.000,

Rp 250.000,Rp 500.000), atau pilihan token bebas / flexiblemulai dari Rp 20.000 s/d Rp 1 juta.

1. Membeli token isi ulang pada outlet-outlet pembelian.2. Masukkan 20 digit nomer token ke kWh prabayar,

contoh : 0800 1234 3535 3250 6999

Energi kWh akan habis Beli voucher kWh / token Input 20 digit no token dgn betul

Jika no OK meter otomatisMenyalurkan energi

Jika salah input ulangi Seperti nomor 3

Vs

PERBANDINGAN PERHITUNGAN

PASCA BAYAR PRA BAYAR

antara

020

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

6,640 8,330 10,020 13,620 17,220 20,820 25,770 30,720 35,670 40,620 45,570 50,520 55,470 60,420

PEM

AK

AIA

N K

WH

RP TAGIHAN

DAYA 450 VA

REGULER

PRA BAYAR

050

100

150

200

250

300

PEM

AK

AIA

N K

WH

RP. TAGIHAN

DAYA 900 VA

REGULER

PRABAYAR

050

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450 4

2,9

80

46

,83

0

51

,28

0

55

,73

0

60

,18

0

64

,63

0

69

,58

0

74

,53

0

79

,48

0

84

,43

0

89

,38

0

94

,33

0

99

,28

0

10

4,2

30

10

9,1

80

11

4,1

30

11

9,0

80

12

4,0

30

12

8,9

80

13

3,9

30

13

8,8

80

14

3,8

30

14

8,7

80

15

3,7

30

15

8,6

80

16

3,6

30

16

8,5

80

17

3,5

30

17

8,4

80

18

3,4

30

18

8,3

80

19

3,3

30

19

8,2

80

20

3,2

30

20

8,1

80

21

3,1

30

21

8,0

80

22

3,0

30

22

7,9

80

PEM

AK

AIA

N K

WH

RP. TAGIHAN

DAYA 1300 VA

REGULER

PRABAYAR

0100

200

300

400

500

600

700

PEM

AK

AIA

N K

WH

RP. TAGIHAN

DAYA 2200 VA

REGULER

PRABAYAR

0200

400

600

800

1000

1200 1

12

,00

0

12

8,8

00

14

5,6

00

16

2,4

00

17

9,2

00

19

6,0

00

21

2,8

00

22

9,6

00

24

6,4

00

26

3,2

00

28

0,0

00

29

6,8

00

31

3,6

00

33

0,4

00

34

7,2

00

36

4,0

00

38

0,8

00

39

7,6

00

41

4,4

00

43

1,2

00

44

8,0

00

46

4,8

00

48

1,6

00

49

8,4

00

51

5,2

00

53

2,0

00

54

8,8

00

56

5,6

00

58

2,4

00

59

9,2

00

61

6,0

00

63

2,8

00

64

9,6

00

66

6,4

00

68

3,2

00

PEM

AK

AIA

N K

WH

RP. TAGIHAN

DAYA 3500 VA

REGULER

PRABAYAR

0200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

13

9,3

60

16

1,7

60

18

4,1

60

20

6,5

60

22

8,9

60

25

1,3

60

27

3,7

60

29

6,1

60

31

8,5

60

34

0,9

60

36

3,3

60

38

5,7

60

40

8,1

60

43

0,5

60

45

2,9

60

47

5,3

60

49

7,7

60

52

0,1

60

54

2,5

60

56

4,9

60

58

7,3

60

60

9,7

60

63

2,1

60

65

4,5

60

67

6,9

60

69

9,3

60

72

1,7

60

74

4,1

60

76

6,5

60

78

8,9

60

81

1,3

60

83

3,7

60

85

6,1

60

PEM

AK

AIA

N K

WH

RP. TAGIHAN

DAYA 4400 VA

REGULER

PRABAYAR

0200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800 1

72

,80

0

19

5,2

00

21

7,6

00

24

0,0

00

26

2,4

00

28

4,8

00

30

7,2

00

32

9,6

00

35

2,0

00

37

4,4

00

39

6,8

00

41

9,2

00

44

1,6

00

46

4,0

00

48

6,4

00

50

8,8

00

53

1,2

00

55

3,6

00

57

6,0

00

59

8,4

00

62

0,8

00

64

3,2

00

66

5,6

00

68

8,0

00

71

0,4

00

73

2,8

00

75

5,2

00

77

7,6

00

80

0,0

00

82

2,4

00

84

4,8

00

86

7,2

00

88

9,6

00

91

2,0

00

93

4,4

00

95

6,8

00

97

9,2

00

1,0

01,6

00

1,0

24,0

00

1,0

46,4

00

1,0

68,8

00

1,0

91,2

00

PEM

AK

AIA

N K

WH

RP. TAGIHAN

DAYA 5500 VA

REGULER

PRABAYAR

PT PLN (Persero) APJ SBS

Manfaat dan Dukungan

LISTRIK PRABAYAR

Listrik prabayar akan memberikan manfaat bagi pelanggan kemudahan memantau pemakaian listrik setiap saat, disiplin menggunakan listrik sesuai anggaran belanja, tidak lagi terikat dengan pencatat meter maupun jadual pembayaran, Dapat membeli token (isi ulang energi listrik) di banyak tempat, tidak ada istilah menunggak, sangsi pemutusan, biaya keterlambatan dan tidak dikenakan Uang Jaminan Langganan.

Guna mendukung keberhasilan program listrik prabayar PLN telah menyiapkan outlet-outlet tempat penjualan token listrik prabayar bekerjasama dengan Bank BPRKS, BUKOPIN, BNI, PT. POS INDONESIA dan OCBC NISP. Penjualan token listrik prabayar dapat diperoleh di loket-loket bank-bank tersebut dan penjualan token listrik prabayar dan pembayaran rekening listrik melalui fasilitas SMS Handphone.

Date post:	24-Nov-2015
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Kuliah-6 Penghematan Energi Lewat Dsm-ssm Listrik Prabayar 2

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