MULTIPLE CHOICE1. Assume the helium-neon lasers commonly used in student physics laboratories have power outputs of 0.500 mW. If such a laser beam is projected onto a circular spot 1.00 mm in diameter, what is its intensity?A) 18W/m2B) 218W/m2C) 318W/m2 (C)2. Which of these is true for a photon?A) All wavelengths of light have zero photon energy.B) Shorter wavelengths of light are photons with higher energy.C) Shorter wavelengths of light are photons with lower energy.3. Which of the following statements is true about light when it is absorbed or emitted?A) Light behaves as a wave and is emitted but not absorbed in tiny packets calledphotons.B) Light behaves both as a wave and as a particle and is emitted andabsorbed intiny packets called photons.C) Light behaves neither as a wave nor as a particle and is emitted and absorbedin tiny packets called photons.4. Which wave propagation that can be seen as a superpotition of spherical traveling waves?A) Linear acoustic waveB) Elastic wavesC) Surface waves5. There are two types of surface waves below, exceptA) Elastic wavesB) Rayleigh wavesC) Love waves6. Which one is not the main wave in earth quakes?A) Seismic waveB) Surface waveC) Body wave7. The tools used to measure the magnitude of an electrical wave called.....(A) Clammeter(B) Potensiometer(C) Oscilloscope 8. Which of the following is not a characteristic of mechanical waves?(A) They consist of disturbances or oscillations of a medium. (B) They transport energy.(C) They travel in a direction that is at right angles to the direction of the particlesof the medium. 9. A sound wave is a mechanical wave, not an electromagnetic wave. This means that(A) a medium is required in order for sound waves to transport energy.(B) a sound wave transports its energy through a vacuum(C) particles of the medium regularly and repeatedly oscillate about their restposition.10. What is the amplitude of the wave in the diagram below?

a. 0.03 m.b. 0.04 m.c. 0.06 m.11. The wavelength of the wave in the diagram above (Question #10) is ____ m.

a. 0.030b. 0.040c. 0.08012. How many complete waves are shown in the diagram?

a. 1 b. 3c. 1.513. In Oscilloscope, the button which used to show frequency, period, etc is.(A) Utility (B) Measure(C) Auto14. The wave which consists of body wave and surface wave is(A) seismic wave(B) acoustic wave(C) spherical wave15. If the hole is similar in size to the wavelength of the wave, _____ occurs.(A) diffraction(B) refraction(C) interference16. Which of these following are true about the type of surface waves?(A) Mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves(B) Transverse waves and longitudinal waves(C) Rayleigh waves and love waves17. Which of these sentence is true?(A) body waves arrive before the surface waves emitted by an earthquake.(B) S wave is faster than a P wave and can move through solid rock and liquid medium.(C) Travelling only through the crust, surface waves are of a higher frequency than body waves.18. What is the study of earthquakes and seismic waves that move through and around the earth. Fill the blank with the correct answer.(A) Wave Propagation (B) Seismology(C) Meteorology19. A pendulum bob is pulled back to position A and released from rest. The bob swings through its usual circular arc and is caught at position C. Determine the where the potential energy is the greatest?a.A : The potential energy is the greatest at A. The potential energy is the greatest at the highest position.b.Bc.C

20. Which would have the highest frequency of vibration?Pendulum A: A 200-g mass attached to a 1.0-m length stringPendulum B: A 400-g mass attached to a 0.5-m length stringa. Pendulum Ab. Pendulum B : The mass of the bob is not an important variable; only the length of the string will effect the period (and thus the frequency). Frequency and period are inversely related. The pendulum with the smallest period will have the highest frequency of vibration. A longer pendulum has a higher period; a shorter pendulum will have a smaller period. Thus, the pendulum with the shorter string will have a higher frequency of vibration.c. All the same21. Which one of the following statements expresses the characteristic of P wave?a. Longitudinal waveb. It shake the ground perpendicular to the direction in which they are propagatingc. P wave do not travel through liquid (i.e. water, molten rock, the Earth's outer core)22. What term describes a change in the speed of an object in circular motion? a. Tangential speed b. Centripetal acceleration c. Tangential acceleration 23. When an astronaut in orbit experiences apparent weightlessness, a. No forces act on the astronaut. b. No gravitational forces act on the astronaut. c. The net gravitational force on the astronaut is not balanced by a normal force.24. The equation for the speed of an object in circular orbit is . What does m represent in this equation?a. The mass of the central objectb. The mass of Earth c. The mass of sun25. A periodic and repeating disturbance in a lake creates waves which emanate outward from its source to produce circular wave patterns. If the frequency of the source is 2.00 Hz and the wave speed is 5.00m/s then the distance between adjacent wave crests is ___ meter.a.0.200 b. 1.25c. 2.50Let w=wavelength; then v = w.f. In this problem, it is given that v=5.00 m/s and f = 2.00 Hz. Substitution and algebra yields w = v / f = 5.00 / 2.00 = 2.50 m.26. When the particles of a medium are vibrating at right angles to the direction of energy transport, then the wave is a ____ wave.a. Longitudinal b. Standingc. TransverseIn transverse waves, particles of the medium vibrate to and from in a direction perpendicular to the direction of energy transport.27. A pendulum makes exactly 40 vibrations in 20.0 s. Its period is ____. (Be cautious of the units.)a. 0.500 Hz.b. 0.500 sc. 2.00 s.The period is the time for one complete cycle. If the pendulum takes 20 seconds for exactly 40 vibrational cycles, then it must take 0.500 second for one cycle.28. Giant waves are caused by :a. Seismic (earthquake&volcanic) activityb. Storm surgesc. Both a & b 29. Wind velocity, wind duration, fetch, and original sea state influence :a. The variety of wavesb. The size of wavesc. Both a&b30. As waves enter shallow water , it will be :a. Height increaseb. Wavelength increasec. Both a&b31. The main factor which affects the speed of a sound wave is the ____.a. Amplitude of the sound waveb. Properties of the medium : The speed of a wave is dependent upon the properties of the medium and not the properties of the wave.c. Intensity of the sound wave32. An earth-based receiver is detecting electromagnetic waves from a source in outer space. If the frequency of the waves are observed to be increasing, then the distance between the source and the earth is probably ____.a. Decreasing : The Doppler effect or Doppler shift occurs when a source of waves is moving with respect to an observer. The observer observes a different frequency of waves than that emitted by the source. If the source and observer are approaching, then the observed frequency is higher than the emitted frequency. If the source and observer are approaching, then the distance between them is decreasing.b. Increasingc. Remaining the same33. Which one of the advantages of the microwaves?a.Can reach longer distances and be transmitted in spaceb.Do not spread out much so minimal energy is wasted : The advantages of the microwaves are do not spread out much so minimal energy is wasted; high frequency so more information is transmitted; and possible to send more than one signal at once.c.Travels in a straight line so require line-of-sight transmission34. When sound travels through air, the air particles ......a. Vibrate along the direction of wave propagationb. Vibrate but not in any fixed directionc. Vibrate perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation35. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a musical sound?a. Pitchb. Wavelenghtc. Quality36. Light wave are....a. Longitudinalb. Transversec. Like sound wave37. All electromagnetic waves travel through a vacuum at a. the same speed.b. speeds that are proportional to their frequency.c. speeds that are inversely proportional to their frequency.d. None of the above.38. Electromagnetic waves area. longitudinal.b. transverse.c. both longitudinal and transverse. d. None of the above.39. The E and B fields in electromagnetic waves are orienteda. parallel to the wave's direction of travel, as well as to each other.b. parallel to the waves direction of travel, and perpendicular to each other.c. perpendicular to the wave's direction of travel, and parallel to each other.d. perpendicular to the wave's direction of travel, and also to each other.40. An electromagnetic wave is radiated by a straight wire antenna that is oriented vertically. What should be the orientation of a straight wire receiving antenna? It should be placeda. vertically.b. horizontally and in a direction parallel to the wave's direction of motion.c. horizontally and in a direction perpendicular to the wave's direction of motion. d. None of the above.41. An electromagnetic wave is traveling to the east. At one instant at a given point its E vector points straight up. What is the direction of its B vector?a. northb. downc.. eastd. south42. Which of the following correctly lists electromagnetic waves in order from longest to shortest wavelength?a. gamma rays, ultraviolet, infrared, microwaves b. microwaves, ultraviolet, visible light, gamma raysc. radio waves, infrared, gamma rays, ultraviolet d. television, infrared, visible light, X-rays43. What is the wavelength of light waves if their frequency is 5.0X1014 Hz?a. 0.60 mb. 6.0 mmc. 0.060 mmd. 0.60 micro-m44. How long does it take light to travel 1.0 m?a. 3.3 nsb. 3.3 micro-sc. 3.3 msd. 3.3 s45. What is the wavelength of a 92.9 MHz radio wave? a. 32 mm b. 32 cm c. 3.2 m d. 32 m46. What frequency are 20 mm microwaves?a. 100 MHzb. 400 MHzc. 15 GHzd. 73 GHz47. Water has a mass density of v = 10^3 kg/m2 and a bulk modulus of MB = 2.1 10^9 N/m2. Find the velocity of sound waves in water. a. 1.45x10^3m/secb. 1.49x10^3m/secc. 1.75x10^3m/secd. 1.88x10^3m/sec48. Find the velocity of sound in air at 20C. One mole of air has a mass of 29 g.a.310 m/sb.250 m/sc. 300 m/sd.343 m/s49. What is formulation of propagation velocities of mechanical waves??a.(elastic modulus )/(gamma density)b.(elastic modulus )/(bulk density)c.(elastic modulus )/(modulus density)d.(elastic modulus )/(rock density)50. Which one is not transmitted by a wave?a. Energyb. Momentumc. Particles51. What is the wave that can transmit its energy trough the vacuum?a. Electromagnetic waveb. Seismic wavec. Love wave52. What type of wave is produced when the particles of the medium are vibrating to and fro in the same direction of wave propagation?a. Longitudinal waveb. Sound wavec. Transverse wave

53. Determine the speed of sound in air at 0 C, if the constant Laplace = 1.4! using formula v=( (R T)/M) , M=29x10^(-3) gra. 331 m/sb. 321 m/sc. 231 m/s54. A length ofwirediameter of 2cmis usedto hang thelamp31.4kgin theceiling. Tension(stress) experienced bythe wirearound...(g =10m/s2)a. 0,01 kN/m2b. 0,1 kN/m2c. 1 kN/m255. The distance between the peaks and valleys of the closest is 80 cm. If within 10 seconds there are 60 waves that pass a point, what is the propagation of these waves?a. 6.9 m/sb. 9.6 m/sc. 9.9 m/s56. The centripetal force on an object in circular motion is in the plane of the objects motion and perpendicular to the tangential speed. in the plane of the objects motion and in the same direction as the tangential speed. in the plane of the objects motion and in the direction opposite the tangential speed. Awaveon the watersurface produced from avibrationfrequency of30Hz. If the distancebetween thepeaks and troughs ofsuccessivewavesis50 cm, calculate the propagation of these wavesa. 30 m/sb. 50 m/sc. 150 m/s57. If you arranged the list of electromagnetic waves shown above in order from shortest to longest wavelength, which would be closest to microwaves? a. infrared waves b. ultraviolet waves c. visible light58. Many wave properties are dependent upon other wave properties. Yet, one wave property is independent of all other wave properties. Which one of the following properties of a wave is independent of all the others?a. wavelengthb. frequencyc. periodd. velocity59. As two or more waves pass simultaneously through the same region, ... can occur.a. refractionb. diffractionc. interferenced. reflection60. When the particles of a medium are vibrating at right angles to the direction of energy transport, the type of wave is described as a _____ wave.a. longitudinalb. tranversec. standingd. sound61. Which one is the correct analogy for 2D wave propagation ?A. Gambar BalokB. 62. What can we infer from the picture below ?

A. Electromagnetic wave propagation as 3D wave propagationB. String in 2D space with f tensionC. Wave motion of an ocean wave on the surface with L = x

63. If we want to solve 1D wave propagation problem with string fixed at the ends, which analogy should we use ?A. B. C. 64. When earthquake happen, what wave usually created which propagated onto land surface?A.Electromagnetic waveB. Elastic waveC.Rayleigh waveD.Plane waveE.Spherical wave 65. Which one is has equal meaning with 1 oscillation per second?A.1 B.1 HzC.1 D.1 m/sE.1 T/ 66. x(t)= xm cosine (t+ ). x, , are constant, what Xm mean on that SHM motion equation?A. A PhaseB. Constanta phaseC. Angle frequenstionD.The amplitudeE.The period67. Example of electromagnetic wave isA. Ocean WaveB. Sound C. ultraviolet rayD. rope waveE. Seismic wave68. below is characteristic of electromagnetic waves, excepta. Electromagnetic waves are formed by the vibrations of electric and magnetic fieldsb. A changing magnetic field creates a changing electric fieldc.The wavelengths become shorter as the temperature of the material Decreases.d. EM waves carry radiant energy.e. Can Propagating without medium.69. what type of electromagnetic wave?a.Longitudinal Waveb.Transversal Wavec.Sound Waved. Acoustic Wavee. Difracction Wave70. Which chart said the current waves voltage against time in the rlc that are kapasitif?a. Jawabanb. c.

71. Frank oppenheirner has demos their observations that motion of a pendulum if projected on a belt of paper will form a cross, the graph what is to be formed?a. Graphics of Cosinusb. Graphics of Tangenc. Graphics of Sinusoidal72. In the following which was not included the application of simple motion harmonious in the daily?a. Trampolineb. Tuning Forkc. Spring

73. Assuming that sound waves fronts are 3D spherical shells, how do the intensities compare if located 1.0 m (I1) and 4.0 m (I4) away from the sound source?a. I1/I4 = 16b. I1/I4 = 1/4c. I1/I4 = 1/16d. I1/I4 = 4

74. A car is travelling towards you at 16 ms-1sounding its hooter with a frequency of 320Hz. The velocity of sound is 330ms-1. What is the frequency of the sound that you will hear? a. 336 Hzb. 330 Hzc. 347 Hzd. 305 Hz

75. A sound have intensity 1 x 10-9 W/m2. Determine the decibel (dB) rating of that sound.a. 50 dBb. 30 dBc. 100 dBd. 10 dB76. Photoelectric effect is effect that occur when some plane (usually made of metal) absorb electromagnetic radiation and release electron. Kinetic energy that release by Photoelectron effect will depends on factor :a. Light Intensityb. Light Frequencyc. Light Color77. Object that did not move even can having an energy, because of effect from outside, for example object that have energy from gravitational effect. This Energy that occurs because of the state or position is called :a. Kinetic Energyb. Calor Energyc. Potential Energy78. Johny is running across the field forming circle shape with constant velocity, then johny can be said he is doing uniform circular motion (UCM). In the case of UCM value that always constant is velocity, thus value that always changing is :a. Velocity Valueb. Angle Valuec. Frequency Value 79. Which statement that incorrect about amplitude?a. Distance between rest & crest or rest & troughb. Affect velocity of wavec. Determines loudness (sound) or brightness on electromagnetic wave80. is wave equation. Which is the incorrect solution to solve this model?a. b. c. 81. Seismic wave is one of application of elastic wave which is consist of body wave (P wave and S wave). Which statement is correct about P wave?a. P wave is slower than S waveb. P wave is transversal wavec. P wave travel through liquid (water, molten rock, and Earths outer core)82. What is Sound wave?a. Propagation of sound particles that are different from the particles that comprise the mediumb. Propagation of energy that passes through empty spaces between the particles that comprise the mediumc. Propagation of pressure fluctuations in a medium83. Bats use echolocation to navigate and hunt. They emit pulses of high frequency sound waves which reflect off obstacles and objects in their surroundings. By detecting the time delay between the emitted pulse and the return of the reflected pulse, a bat can determine the location of the object. Determine the time delay between the sending of a pulse and the return of its reflection from an object located 12.5 m away. Approximate the speed of the sound waves as 345 m/s.a. 0.0725 secondsb. 0.725 secondsc. 0.725 miliseconds84. A certain sound is recorded by a microphone. The same microphone then detects a second sound, which is identical to the first one except that the amplitude of the pressure fluctuations is larger. In addition to the larger amplitude, what distinguishes the second sound from the first one?a. It is perceived as higher in pitch. b. It is perceived as louder. c. It has a higher frequency85. What is the equation for Mechanical Energy?0. 0. 0. 86. What is the equation of Potential Energy?a. b. c.

87. What is the equation of Kinetic Energy?a. b. c.

88. In the wave propargation, there are 3 kinds of wav, there are wave 1 D, 2D, 3D. So which are belongs to wave 3 dimensions...1. Elastic waves1. Elektromagnetic waves1. Springs wave89. For Sinusiodal traveling waves, there is equations like this : (x,t) = a sin (kx wt + ). If the amplitude of waves is 20 cm, and the lenght of waves 0,14 mm and frekuensi 1400 hz, which time 0,01 sekon and =0, x = 14 cm. So the solution of this problem is1. 0,2 sin(44/15 +88)1. 0,2 sin (1844)1. 0,2 sin (69 )90. The formula of refraction of waves is....1. Vp =1. n1Sin1 = n2Sin21. = a sin (ku + )

91. Below is the example of 3D wave:1. Water surface wave1. Spring wave1. Sound wave92. What is the meaning of symbol ?1. Frequency1. Wave velocity1. Wave length93. The time that needed to has one vibration is called as ?1. Period1. Amplitude1. Wave length94. Three dimensional waves trace resembles what shape?1. Orthogonal1. Circular1. Spherical95. Which one of the following is not a part of Maxwells theory?1. Electric currents induce magnetic field B1. Electric field E begins in positive charges and ends in negative charges1. Magnetic field lines have both start point and end point96. Which one of the following theories is included in maxwells theory?1. Oersteds Law1. Amperes Law1. Faradays Law97. A spring is hanged on the top of the lift . The spring is loaded by 50 gram load. When t=0s ( the lift is not moving) the increase of the length of the spring is 5cm. What is the increase of the length of the spring if the lift is moving downwards with the acceleration of 3 m / s^2 ?A. 2,5 cmB. 3,5 cmC. 4,5 cm98. Which of the following mass-spring systems will have the highestfrequencyof vibration?Spring A:A spring with a k=300 N/m and a mass of 200 g suspended from it.Spring B: A spring with a k=300 N/m and a mass of 100 g suspended from it.1. Spring A1. Spring B1. Both are the same99. When a 4kg mass is hung vertically on a light spring that holds true for the hookes law , the spring stretches 2,5cm . If the mass is removed and changed with 1.5kg one, how far will the spring stretch ?1. 1,315 cm1. 0,775 cm1. 0,975 cm

100. The length of seconds pendulum on the surface of earth is 1 m. the length of same pendulum on the surface of moon, where acceleration due to gravity is (1/6)th of the g on the surface of earth is (a) 36 m (b) 1 m(c) (d)

101. A simple pendulum of length l and mass (bob) m is suspended vertically. The string makes an angle q with the vertical. The restoring force acting on the pendulum, is (a) mg tan q (b) mg sin q(c) - mg sin q (d) - mg cos q102. The mass and diameter of a planet are twice those of earth. the period of oscillation of pendulum on this planet will be (if it is a seconds pendulum on earth) (a) (b) (c) 2 second (d) 103. A mass on a spring undergoes SHM. The maximum displacement from the equilibrium is called? A. Period B. Frequency C. Amplitude 104. In a periodic process, the number of cycles per unit of time is called? A. Period B. Frequency C. Amplitude105. In a periodic process, the time required to complete one cycle is called?A. Period B. Frequency C. Amplitude 106. Below are the properties of sound wave, except:a. It has longitudinal formb. Needs medium to propagatec. It has transversal form107. Electromagnetic wave propagates for 3x10^5 km/s in vacuum. If the frequency is 15 MHz, how long its wave length?a. 45 mb. 20 mc. 2 m108. Below are the properties of electromagnetic wave, except:a. It has longitudinal formb. Consist of two waves which perpendicularc. Doesnt need medium to propagate109. The medium that have same properties in all direction is a. Isotropic mediumb. Anisotropic mediumc. Vacuum medium 110. These are several propeties of the damped oscillator that are important to know, except :a. The frequency is shifted.b. The oscillator can be underdamped, critically damped, or overdamped.c. After a certain amount of time the amplitude is increase twice.111. 1D wave propagate in axisa. X,yb. Xc. X,Y,Z112. What are the types of surface waves ?a. Raylegh Wave and Love Waveb. Longitudinal Wave and Transverse Wavec. P Wave and S wave113. What is the equation of kinetic energy on simple harmonic motion ?a. Ek = mgh = mb. Ek = mv2 = c. Ek = 2 = 2 A2 cos2 114. What are the types of waves according to direction of particle motion ?a. Mechanical Wave and Electromagnetic Waveb. Transverse Wave and Longtudinal Wavec. Electromagnetic Wave and Tranverse Wave115. This law is used in spring motion. Excepta. Hookes lawb. Newton second lawc. Newton first law116. Formula to knew the deviaton in simple harmonic motion isa. A sin 2ftb. A cos 2ftc. 2A sin 2ft117. A solution to the wave equation for all time and position provided thata. Vp=w/kb. Vp= k/wc. Vp=f/w118. Acoustic wave can propagates through a. Gasb. Waterc. All fluids119. What will happen if we move oscillator in coupled oscillatora. Move to the rightb. Move to the leftc. Move to the left and right120. Elastic wave can createa. Longitudinal waveb. Transversal wavec. Both transversal and longitudinal wave121. Two functions that meet the above criteria of having a constant frequency and constant amplitude inside of plane wave equation are the a. Sin and cosecant functionsb. sine and cosine functionsc. Cosine and cosecant functions122. Here is some definition of wave are true, excepta. A disturbance or variation that transfers energy progressively from point to point in a mediumb. produced when a vibrating source periodically disturbs the first particle of a mediumc. amount of vibrations that happen in one second 123. From the linear equation it can be derived to wave equation to earn wave velocity. The aspect that necessary is, excepta. wave lengthb. frequencyc. period 124. There are four types of oscillation, except :a. Free oscillationb. Pairs oscillationc. Wave oscillation125. The examples of free oscillation, except :a. Spring motionb. Pendulum motionc. Slow motion126. What waves that have the lowest frequency of the seven bands of waves on the electromagnetic spectrum?a. Radio wavesb. Microwavesc. Infrared127. A car moving on a horizontal road may be thrown out of the road is taking a turn(a)by the gravitational force(b)due to the lack of proper centripetal force(c)due to the lack of frictional force between the tire and the road128. A particle is acted upon by a force of constant magnitude which is always perpendicular to the velocity of the particle. The motion takes place in a plane. It follows that(a) its velocity is constant(b) its acceleration is constant(c)its motion is circular129. A satellite has mass m speed v and radius r, the force acting on it is:(a)zero (b)(c)130. As the wavelength of a wave in a uniform medium increases, its speed will _____.a. decreaseb. increasec. remain the same131. In a transverse wave, the particles :a. Move at right angles to the direction of the waves travel b. Move backwards and forwards along the direction of the waves travelc. Stay still132. A point P is marked on a rope before the rope is set to oscillate. At the particular instance shown below, what is the direction of movement of the point P?D. As the transverse wave passes the point P, the point P, the point P will move and down perpendicular to the wave direction. The dotted wave shows the future new wawve and P is the new position of point P after the wave moves a little more to the right. Poiint P is going downwards133. What is the formula for acoustic pressure?a. p = P-Pb. p = Po-Pc. p = P-P0134. What is Po?a. Atmosphere Pressureb. Acoustic pressurec. Zero Pressure135. The velocity of plane wave in the medium is...a. b. c. 136. Which is the right one dimensional waves equation?a. Yn = a2 . yxxb. 2q / t2 = c22q/x2c. 2q / t2 = c22q/x2 + 2q/y2 + 2q/z2)137. How to obtain the two dimensional waves equation of partial differencial?a. Newtons first lawb. Newtons second law c. Newtons third law

138. This is the example of three dimensional waves, except?a. Lightb. Soundc. Water wave139. Which one of the following statements is true about plane wave a. Constant-frequency wave whose wavefront are infinite parallel b. This wave have real direction angles c. The plane wave have same a wavelength with other wave 140. The basic properties of plane waves propagating is ?a. Homogeneous isotropic regionb. Heterogeneous isotropic regionc. Homogeneous isobar region141. These basic properties including the nature of ? a. Electric and magneticb. Electric onlyc. Magnetic only142. Which one of the following statements is true when an object performs simple harmonic motion about a central point O?a. The acceleration is always away from O.b. The acceleration and velocity are always in opposite directions.c. The graph of acceleration against displacement is a straight line. 143. A mass M hangs in equilibrium on a spring. M is made to oscillate about the equilibrium position by pulling it down 10 cm and releasing it. The time for M to travel back to the equilibrium position for the first time is 0.50 s. Which line, A to D, is correct for these oscillations?a. Amplitude 10 cm, period 1 sb. Amplitude 10 cm, period 2 sc. Amplitude 20 cm, period 2 s144. Which of the following has the highest frequency?a. Infraredb. Microwavec. X-ray145. Spherical waves come from? A. Point sourceB. Infinite parallel planes normal to the phase velocity vectorC. Infinite parallel planes parallel to the phase velocity vector146. Which one is classified as surface wave?A. P waveB. Love waveC. S wave 147. What is the factor for spherical wave to form a wavelets?A. Secondary sourceB. Primary source C. External source 148. Centripetal motion is example of circular motion, how about the speed in centripetal motiona. Has constan accelerationb. Constan speedc. Unpredictable 149. Each trouble point on front of a wave, acts like a point source or circular waves. That is statement of a. Huygen's principleb. Interferencec. atenuation150. when wave in max position what energy is occur?a. Kineticb. Potentialc. Kinetic and potential151. Which one the example of anisotropic medium :a. light coming through a polarizerb. free spacec. air152. The speed of an acoustic wave in a material is determined by, except :a. elastic properties of the mediumb. pressurec. atmosphere153. what is the definition of isotropic mediuma. a medium in which the waves travel, it will travel at equal speed independantly of which direction it travels.b. a medium in which the waves travel it will travel at opposite speed independantly of which direction it travels.c. a medium in which the waves travel it will travel at perpendicular speed independantly of which direction it travels.154. The frequency range of Hypersonic waves are....a. 20 Hz to 20kHzb. 20 kHz to 10^9 Hzc. 10^9 Hz to 10^13 Hz155. Mecanical waves are described using terms, excepta. Wavelenghtb. Massac. Speed of propagation156. According to number of dimensions, Waves traveling radially outward from a small source, such as sound waves and light waves is a a. 1-D Wavesb. 2-D Wavesc. 3-D Waves157. As a pulse travels though a uniform medium, the speed of the pulse ____.a. decreasesb.increasesc.remains the same

158. The main factor which effects the speed of a sound wave is the ____.a.amplitude of the sound waveb.intensity of the sound

c.properties of the medium

159. As a wave passes across a boundary into a new medium, which characteristic of the wave would NOT change?a. speedb.frequencyc.wavelength

160. Body wave is divided into 2 that is P wave and S wave, and P wave is plane wave, Include in what type of wave that P wave is ? a. Transversal Waveb. Longitodinal Wavec. Electromagnetic Wave

161. A beam of light is propagating in the x direction. The electric field vector?

A. can oscillate in any direction in space.B. must oscillate in the x directionC. Must oscillate in the yz plane (The E field is in a plane perpendicular to the direction of propagation. But it can be in any direction in that plane)

162. Which one of the answer is not the application of Elastic waves ? a. Surface Wave b. Electromagnetic Wave c. Seismic wave163. A wave whose equiphase surfaces form a family of concentric spheres, the direction of travel is always perpendicular to the surfaces of the spheres also we known asa. Accoustic wavesb. Spherical wavesc. Plan waves164. From this following options below, which not influence a move waves isa. Amplitudob. Timec. Velocity165. The property of being directionally dependent, as opposed to isotropy, which implies identical properties in all directions also we known asa. Anisotropy mediumb. Isotopry mediumc. Wave propagation166. Which one of the following statements is true when an object performs simple harmonic motion about a central point O? AThe acceleration is always away from O.

BThe acceleration and velocity are always in opposite directions.

CThe acceleration and the displacement from O are always in the same direction.

DThe graph of acceleration against displacement is a straight line.

167. A simple pendulum and a mass-spring system are taken to the Moon, where the gravitational field strength is less than on Earth. Which line, A to D, correctly describes the change, if any, in the period when compared with its value on Earth?period of pendulum period of mass-spring system

Adecrease decrease

Bincrease increase

Cno changedecrease

Dincrease no change

168. The frequency of a body moving with simple harmonic motion is doubled. If the amplitude remains the same, which one of the following is also doubled? Athe time period

Bthe total energy

Cthe maximum velocity

Dthe maximum acceleration

169. What kind of force that has very big influence in spring oscillation ? particle

a.Gravitational force

b.External Force

c.Gravitational and Tension Force

170. In the move of particle inside of area which has been influenced by a transverse wave (look at the picture below). How does the particle motion?x

a.Maintain the position

b.Move along X positive

c.Move along X negative

171. Look at the picture belowAB

Above is the picture of coupled oscillator. When the particle A is pull to the left until maximum amplitudo and particle B is stick at the position. After several time the amplitudo of particle A reach the zero (back to the initial position). After that time , What will happened to the particle B? a.Silent at the initial position

b.Move with half amplitudo

c.Move with maximum amplitudo

172. What is velocity in wave propagation ?

a. The rate at which the disturbance travels through the medium

b. The height of a wave crest above the reference line

c. The distance the disturbance travels during one period of vibration

173. Here are the characteristic of P wave, except

a. Longitudinal wave b. 1st to arrive at seismic station

c. Do not travel through liquid

174. Here are some Electromagnetic wave phenomena, except

a. Gamma Rays

b. X-rays

c. Seismic wave

175. All electromagnetic waves travel through vacuum at .

a. The same speed

b. Speeds that are proportional to their frequency

c. Speeds that are inversely proportional to their frequency

176. An electromagnetic wave is radiated by a straight wire antenna that is oriented vertically. What should be the orientation of a straight wire receiving antenna ? It should be placed

a. Vertically

b. Horizontally and in a direction parallel to the waves direction of motion

c. Horizontally and in a direction perpendicular to the waves direction of motion

177. Which of the following correctly lists electromagnetic waves in order from longest to shortest wavelength ?

a. Gamma Rays, Ultraviolet, Infrared, Microwaves

b. Microwaves, Ultraviolet, Visible Light, Gamma Rays

c. Television, Infrared, Visible Light, X-rays

178. What are transmitted by a wave?

a. Phase, momentum, matter.

b. Energy, momentum, phase.

c. Momentum, phase, matter.

179. In transverse wave, if the motion of the particle is .. to the direction of propagation of the waves itself.

a. Perpendicular.

b. Diagonal.

c. Parallel.

180. What is isotropic medium?

a. Half of the medium has the same properties in every directions.

b. All the medium has the same properties in some directions only.

c. All the medium has the same properties in every directions.

181. How many classification does wave get classified based on direction?

a. 1

b. 2

c. 3

ESSAY1. Explain about GPR and its application!GPR is short impulses of a high-frequency electromagnetic wave are transmitted into the ground using an pair of transmitting & receiving antennae. The GPR surveys are made by gridding the site and positioning or pulling the tracking cart across the ground surface. Changes in the dielectric properties of the soil (i.e., permittivity) reflect relative changes in the subsurface environment. The EM frequency and electrical conductivity of the ground control the depth of penetration of the GPR survey. Applications of GPR such as Civil/Structural Engineering : Utilities (pipes, cables), rebar and voids, Transportation for built roadways and railroad tracks and Ice thicknessEnvironmental : Hazardous waste mapping, Storage tank detectionGeotechnical : Stratigraphic mapping, cavities and sinkholes, Groundwater, and Mining Hazards2. What is the different between P wave and S wave?3. Describe how the fans in a stadium must move in order to produce a longitudinal stadium wave!The fans will need to sway side to side. Thus, as the wave travels around the stadium they would be moving parallel to its direction of motion. If they rise up and sit down, then they would be creating a transverse wave.4. A 2.0-meter long rope is hanging vertically from the ceiling and attached to a vibrator. A single pulse is observed to travel to the end of the rope in 0.50 s. What frequency should be used by the vibrator to maintain three whole waves in the rope?The given info allows you to determine the speed of the wave: v=d/t=2 m/0.5 s) = 4 m/s. If there are 3 waves in a 2-meter long rope, then each wave is 2/3-meter long. Now find frequency with the equation v=f*w where v=4 m/s and w=0.667 m. Proper algebra yields 6 Hz as the answer5. Describe about Fermats law!Fermats law is the principle that the path taken between two points by a ray of light is the path that can be traversed in the least time. This principle is sometimes taken as the definition of a ray of light. In other words, a ray of light prefers the path such that there are other paths, arbitrarily nearby on either side, along which the ray would take almost exactly the same time to traverse. Fermat's principle can be used to describe the properties of light rays reflected off mirrors, refracted through different media, or undergoing total internal reflection. It follows mathematically from Huygens' principle (at the limit of small wavelength).6. Please explain about seismic waves and its type!Seismic waves are the waves of energy caused by the sudden breaking of rock within the earth or an explosion. They are the energy that travels through the earth and is recorded on seismographs. There are two main types of seismic wave, body waves and surface waves. Body waves can travel through the earth's inner layers, but surface waves can only move along the surface of the planet like ripples on water. The first kind of body wave is the P wave or primary wave and the second one is the S wave or secondary wave. On the other hand, surface wave has two types of waves thats are love wave and rayleigh wave.7. What are the application of elastic wave?Seismic wave is one of the elastic wave application. Seismic wave are waves of energy that travel through the earth, and are a result of an earthquake, explosion, or a volcano. Seismic wave consists of body wave and surface wave.8. Define kinetic energy and derive an expression for it.Kinetic energy is defined as the energy possessed by an object by virtue of its motion.Expression for kinetic energy. Consider a body of mass 'm' which is initially at rest. When a force 'F' is applied on the body it starts moving with a velocity 'v' and covers a distance 'S'. The force produces acceleration 'a' in the body. The force 'F' does work when it moves the body through a distance 'S' and this work done is stored in the body as its kinetic energy.9. The string at the right is 1.5 meters long and is vibrating as the first harmonic. The string vibrates up and down with 33 complete vibrational cycles in 10 seconds. Determine the frequency, period, wavelength and speed for this wave.

Given: L = 1.5 m33 cycles in 10 secondsThe frequency refers to how often a point on the medium undergoes backand-forth vibrations; it is measured as the number of cycles per unit of time.In this case, it isf = (33 cycles) / (10 seconds) = 3.3 HzThe period is the reciprocal of the frequency.T = 1 / (3.3 Hz) = 0.303 secondsThe wavelength of the wave is related to the length of the rope. For the first harmonic as pictured in this problem, the length of the rope is equivalent to one-half of a wavelength. That is, L = 0.5 W where W is the wavelength. Rearranging the equation and substituting leads to the following results:W = 2 L = 2 (1.5 m) = 3.0 mThe speed of a wave can be calculated from its wavelength and frequency using the wave equation:v = f W = (3.3 Hz) (3. 0 m) = 9.9 m/s10. What is the relation between ocean wave and water wave ?Tsunamis are water waves that start in the deep ocean and then propagate towards shore. Initially, tsunamis have relatively small amplitude which would seem to render them as harmless as wind waves. Usually because of an underwater earthquake, underwater landslides or volcanoes.11. Use the Doppler equation for a moving source to calculate the observed frequency for a 250 Hz source of sound if it is moving with a speed of ____. (Assume that the speed of sound in air is 340 m/s.) 30 m/s towards the observer. 30 m/s away from the observer.The Doppler equation for determining the observed frequency for a moving source is:fobserved = vsound / (vsound vsource) fsource The + sign is used if the source moves away from the observerThe - sign is used if the source moves towards the observer.If applied to this situation, vsound is 340 m/s and fsource is 250 Hz.a. fobserved = (340 m/s)/(340 m/s - 30 m/s)(250 Hz) = (340 m/s)/(310 m/s)(250 Hz) = 274 Hzb. fobserved = (340 m/s)/(340 m/s + 30 m/s)(250 Hz) = (340 m/s)/(370 m/s)(250 Hz) = 230 Hz12. Why does the wavelength change when the wave enters from one medium to another?The speed is different in different media. Since the frequency doesnt change, the wavelength must change proportional to the speed. Why doesnt the frequency change? The wave in the new medium is driven by the fields from the old medium, and they wiggle back and forth with some frequency. So they drive wiggles at that same frequency. Why does the speed change? That was first understood by Lorentz. The wave drives charged particles into oscillation at its frequency. They re-radiate more waves. Its tricky, but the sum of the old wave and the new one lags behind where the old wave would have been, in effect moving more slowly.13. Steel has a Youngs modulus of 2 10^11 N/m2 and a volume mass density of 7800 kg/m3. Assuming a sinusoidal longitudinal wave with a displacement amplitude of 1.0 10^6 mm and a frequency = 5 kHz in a steel rod, find (a) the wave velocity, (b) the wave intensity.(a) The velocity of the wave is cw = Y/ v = 2 10^11/ 7.8 10^3 = 5.1 103 m/sec (b) The intensity of the wave can be computed from.intensity = 1 2 v2 2 0 cw = 1 2 7800 (2 5 10^3 ) 2 (10^9 ) 2 5.1 10^3 = 1.96 10^2 W/m2 .14. If the energy in a longitudinal wave travels from south to north, the particles of the medium......It will vibrate both north and south. In longitudinal waves, particles of the medium vibrate to and from in a direction parallel to the direction of energy transport. If the particles only moved north and not back south, then the particles would be permanently displaced from their rest position; this is not wavelike.15. Explain what attenuation is !Attenuation is the weakening of the signal attenuation caused by the farther distance that must be taken by a signal , and also because of the higher frequency of the signal16. Asinusoidal wave moving in the x-positive,has an amplitude15.0cm, 40.0cmwavelength, and frequency of8.0Hz. The vertical position of the elements ofthe medium att=0andx=0is15.0cmas shown.Determine :The wave numbers, periods,angular velocity, and the velocity of the wave

17. What is a node?A node is a point along the medium of no displacement. The point is not displaced because destructive interference occurs at this point.18. What is a standing wave?A wave that appears to stand in one place, even though it is really two waves interfering as they pass through each other19. Justify the electromagnetism from electrodynamic movement in electromagnetic wave radiation!Electromagnetism is the physical phenomenon associated with the theory of electrodynamics. Electric and magnetic fields obey the properties of superposition. Thus, a field due to any particular particle or time-varying electric or magnetic field contributes to the fields present in the same space due to other causes. Further, as they are vector fields, all magnetic and electric field vectors add together according to vector addition. For example, in optics two or more coherent lightwaves may interact and by constructive or destructive interference yield a resultant irradiance deviating from the sum of the component irradiances of the individual lightwaves.20. 1D Wave Equation is an equation depends on time and dimension parameter, with the equation as listed below :

From that equation, we can make a string model (T refer to Tension, and refer to density)

From the string model that have been made, decide :A. Newtons Second LawB. Wave acceleration on model, with as positionA. Newtons Second Law : Forces = Mass x Acceleration B. because we extract the value of into and into so, the equation will be :

21. Calculate the frequency heard by a stationary listener when an ambulance passes him at a speed of 25 ms-1:a. when the ambulance is moving towards him andb. when the ambulance is moving away from him.Take the speed of sound to be 340 ms-1and the frequency of the siren to be 1500 Hz.a.

b.

22. A car with mass 2 tons moving toward with velocity 20 m/s in the track with diameter/2 100 m

If velocitiy of the car is 20 m/s then calculate the normal force that experienced by the car when the car is on top of the track (like in the picture above)Forces when the car at the top of trackNewton law of Circular Motion :

23. A series of R-L-C arranged such as the picture under

Describe a chart waves sinuses produced if XL > XC? Because a graph of a series of alternating current that is inductive is a chart V before chart I24. How many kind Oscillation wave has? And spell all of it! Free OscillationPairs OscillationDamped OscillationForced Oscillation25. Explain about acoustic wave in Bulk,transverse,longitudinal, and surface wave type!Bulk acoustic waves are acoustic waves propagated through the bulk substrate material. If the motions of the matter particles conveying the wave are perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave itself, we have a transverse wave. If the motion of particles is back and forth along the direction of propagation, we have a longitudinal wave.Surface acoustic waves propagate along the surface of a substrate. There are some types of the surface acoustic waves.

26. Please explain about definition of elastic wave and its application!A wave propagated by a medium having inertia and elasticity (the existence of forces which tend to restore any part of a medium to its original position), in which displaced particles transfer momentum to adjoining particles, and are themselves restored to their original position.Application of elastic wave was on seismic wave. Seismic wave are waves of energy that travel through the earth, and are a result of an earthquake, explosion, or a volcano. Seismic wave consists of body wave and surface wave.27. Determine if constructive interference occurs at a certain point and then find the shortest distance you need to walk in order to experience destructive interference. Imagine you are in an open field where two loudspeakers are set up and connected to the same amplifier so that they emit sound waves in phase at 688 . Take the speed of sound in air to be 344 . If you are 3.00 from speaker A directly to your right and 3.50 from speaker B directly to your left, will the sound that you hear be louder than the sound you would hear if only one speaker were in use?Analysis the problem : The perceived loudness depends on the amplitude of the sound wave detected by your ear. When two sound waves arrive at the same region of space they overlap, and interference occurs. The resulting wave has an amplitude that can vary depending on how the two waves interfere. If destructive interference occurs, the total wave amplitude is zero and no sound is perceived; if constructive interference occurs, the total wave amplitude is twice the amplitude of a single wave, and sound is perceived as louder than what it would be if only one wave reached your ear. Constructive interference occurs when the distances traveled by two sound waves differ by a integer number of wavelengths. If the difference in paths is equal to any half-integer number of wavelengths, destructive interference occurs.

Find the wavelength : In a periodic wave, the product of the wavelength and the frequency is the speed at which the wave pattern travels; that is,

So we get the wavelength = 344/688 mSolution : The sound's wavelength is equal to the difference between the distances traveled by the sound waves from the two speakers. Because the path difference is equal to the wavelength of the sound, the sound originating at the two speakers will interfere constructively at your location and you will perceive a louder sound.28. Explain what is the relationship between Mechanical Energy, Potential Energy, and Kinetic Energy ?Mechanical Energy is The Sum of Potential Energy and Kinetic Energy from an object in certain condition (time, place, speed)29. I think the diferents of two kinds of waves is based on points of koordinat. In 2D this wave has only 2 points koordinat there are xy while in 3D waves there are has only 3 points of koordinat there are xyz. In the 2 dimension waves we can found this in sinulosidal waves forexampel ocean wave. And in 3 D wave we can found it in electromagnetic waves and souds waves, for 3D wave is only use the equations of fermat, gauss, and fourier equations.

30. What is the definition of elastic wave ?A wave propagated by a medium having inertia and elasticity, in which displaced particles transfer momentum to adjoining particles, and are themselves restored to their original position.31. What is the frequency of radiation with a wavelength of 5.00 x 108 m? In what region of the electromagnetic spectrum is this radiation?1) Use = c to determine the frequency: (5.00 x 108m) (x) = 3.00 x 108m/s x = 6.00 x 1015s12) Determine the electromagnetic spectrum region: This frequency is right in the middle of the ultraviolet region of the spectrum.32. If it takes 4J of work to stretch a Hooke's law spring 10 cm from its initial length, determine the extra work required to stretch it an additional 10 cm !Known= x1 = 10cm W= 4JAsked= W = ?Answer=The work done in stretching or compressing a spring is proportional to the square of the displacement. If we double the displacement, we do 4 times as much work. It takes 16 J to stretch the spring 20 cm from its initial length, so it takes 12 J to stretch it from 10 cm to 20 cm.Theoritically:W = (1/2) k x2. Given W and x we find k.4 J = (1/2) k (0.1 m)2 ; k =(8 J) / (0.1 m)2 = 800 N /m.Now x = 0.2 m. W = (1/2) (800 N/m) (0.2 m)2 = 16 J.Extra work: 16 J - 4 J = 12 J.

33. A simple pendulum is suspended from the roof of a trolley which moves in a horizontal direction with an acceleration a then the time period is given T = 2p. calculate g that is working on the pendulum!SQRT(g2 +a2)34. what is the harmonic motion?Harmonic motion is the type of periodic motion where the restoring force in diredtly proportional for the displacement and act in the direction opposite to that displacement35. Oscillate or oscillation is moving back and forth repeatedly. Because of that movement, so oscillation has frequency. What is frequency f of the oscillation? The frequency f of the oscillation is the number times per second that is complete a full one oscillation.36. Explain about snellius law !Snellius law is a formula used to describe the relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction, when referring to light or other waves passing through a boundary between two different isotropic media, such as water, glass, or air. The equation is :37. Explain about anisotrpic medium !Anisotropic medium is the property of being directionally dependent, as opposed to isotropy, which implies identical properties in all directions. It can be defined as a difference, when measured along different axes, in a material's physical or mechanical properties (absorbance, refractive index, conductivity, tensile strength, etc.)38. Please mention and explain the types of waves according to their medium.Mechanical wave is a wave that is not capable of transmitting its energy through a vacuum. Mechanical waves require a medium in order to transport their energy from one location to another. A sound wave is an example of a mechanical wave. Sound waves are incapable of traveling through a vacuum. Slinky waves, water waves, stadium waves, and jump rope waves are other examples of mechanical waves.Electromagnetic wave is a wave that is capable of transmitting its energy through a vacuum. Electromagnetic waves are produced by the vibration of charged particles. Electromagnetic waves that are produced on the sun subsequently travel to Earth through the vacuum of outer space. Were it not for the ability of electromagnetic waves to travel to through a vacuum, there would undoubtedly be no life on Earth. All light waves are examples of electromagnetic waves.39. Why spring is a transversal and longitudinal wave?The spring is a longitudinal wave because when we gave the spring force straght with spring the wave in the spring is longitudnal. But when we gave force perpendicular with spring the wave in the spring s transversal40. What will happen when seismic wave propagates through rock layers with different acoustic impedance ?Waves will be divided, several will be reflected to the surface and the rest will be propagate to the next layer41. What is the wavelength & frequency of an EM wave?Wavelength= distance from crest to crest.Frequency= number of wavelengths that pass a given point in 1 s.As frequency increases, wavelength becomes smaller.42. What is the tension in a 0.500 meter rope which carries a 2.50 kg bucket of water in a vertical circle with a velocity of 3.00 m/s when the bucket is at the bottom of its swing?Begin with a free-body diagram for the bucket at the bottom of its string. Since the bucket is at the bottom of the circle, the net force is upwards (inwards). Notice that the tension force must be greater than the force of gravity in order to have a net upwards (inwards) force. Also note that while Ftens is directed in the direction of the net force, Fgrav is in the opposite direction. Thus, the equation can be written:Fnet = Ftens - FgravThis equation can be rearranged to solve for tension; the expressions for Fgrav (mg) and Fnet (mv2/R) can be substituted into it:Ftens = Fnet + Fgrav = mv2/R + mg = (2.50 kg)(3.00 m/s)2/(0.500 m) + (2.50 kg)(9.8 m/s2)Ftens = 69.5 N43. A wave has wavelength of 10 m and a speed of 340 m/s. What is the frequency of the wave?Answer: 10 mv 340 m/ sf=?v f f = v (340 m/s)/10 m 34 Hz44. What is anisotropic medium?Anisotropic medium is the property of being directionally dependent, as opposed to isotropy, which implies identical properties in all directions. It can be defined as a difference, when measured along different axes, in a material's physical or mechanical properties (absorbance, refractive index, conductivity, tensile strength, etc.)45. Mention the properties in plane wave Answer : Wavelength, Phase,and Group Velocity,penetration depth, and polarization are discussed for these plane waves 46. Explain the differences about 1D, 2D, 3D waves!Answer : 1 Dimensional: travels through a 1-dimensional medium, like a string or a slinky.

2 Dimensional: travels along a 2-dimensional surface, like a pond ripple, or an ocean wave, or a wave in a thin sheet of metal. The wave front typically takes the form of an expanding circle.

3 Dimensional: travels through a 3-dimensional medium, like sound waves, earthquake waves, (most) light waves, etc. The wave front typically takes the form of an expanding sphere.

47. Mention the differences between P wave and S - wave !P wave : Longitudinal wave 1st to arrive at seismic station Travel through the earths coreS wave : Transversal wave 2nd to arrive at seismic station Cant travel through liquid 48. Explain the energy obtains (kinetic and potential) from oscillation movements like figure below! If the object move from Xm to Xm

Answer :

The graph show the energy between potential energy (blue line) and kinetic energy (pink line). The equilibrium position x = 0, and oscillate between -xm and xm. When the object at the max point (-xm and xm) it has max potential energy. When the object in equilibrium position the potential energy = 0, but it has max kinetic energy.49. Explain how electromagnetic waves are formed?Electromagnetic waves are formed by the vibrations of electric and magnetic fields. These fields are perpendicular to one another in the direction the wave is traveling. Once formed, this energy travels at the speed of light until further interaction with matter.50. How the formation of acoustic wave in gas, liquids, and solid?Acoustic wave consists of a sequence of compressions (dense gas) and rarefactions (less dense gas) that travel through the gas. In liquids, it consists of a sequence of combined elastic deformation and compression waves that travel though the liquid, and in solids, consists of a sequence of elastic compression and expansion waves that travel though the solid.51. Based to their medium, the waves are devided into 2, Explain!Based to their medium, the waves are devided into 2 are : A. Mechanical waveis a wave that is not capable of transmitting its energy through a vacuum. Mechanical waves require a medium in order to transport their energy from one location to another.C. Electromagnetic waveis a wave that is capable of transmitting its energy through a vacuum. Electromagnetic waves are produced by the vibration of charged particles.

52. What wave is electromagnetic waves ? Explain!D. Including of transverse wave that does not require medium, so travels in a vacuum at c = 2,998 x 108 m/s which is equivalent to the speed of light

53. What causes oscillation ? -> Oscillation in spring is cause by gravitational force and tension in the spring, while in a pendulum is cause by gravitational alone-> In transverse and longitudinal wave however, the oscillation is cause by external force and then the particle it self reacted to overcome the force to maintain its position

54. Why The coupled oscillation happened ?The coupled oscillation happened because when there is two identic pendullum which connected by a spring. The first pendullum will reach maximum amplitude, while the second pendullum has no amplitude. Alterately the first pendullum will decrease untill the amplitude is zero and the second pendullum will increase untill reach maximum

55. Write down the explanation about wave equation of travelling wave string on a string!the explanation about wave equation of travelling wave string on a string :xy

In small q Limit :

56. Derivate the 3D-Wave equation from 1D wave equation and draw the vector analysis q for this equation. The 1D equation is :

1. Derivation of the 3D-Wave is

The vector analysis is below

3D-waves equation from 1D-waves equation

The conclusion of 3D wave equation is the derivation of 1D coordinate system into a 3D coordinate system.57.There are three fundamental characteristics of electromagnetic wave, please mention it Three fundamental characteristic of EM wave are : -They all travel at high velocity -In travelling, they assume the properties of waves -They radiate outward from a source without benefit of any discernible physical vehicles 58. Explain why a sound wave loses energy the further it is spread from the oscillation source The more a sound wave moves away from the source (pay attention : the sound wave travels but the particles themselves do not move along with the sound wave), the more air (medium) particles are involved in the wave. The amount of initial energy (spread with the source oscillation) is spread over a larger surface and is involved in the displacement of more particles. As a consequences, the overall amount of energy remains the same, but the effect (in term of displacement) of this energy on a single medium particle or on a single portion of the sound wave is smaller. Thus, the sound wave slowly fades by moving away from the source.

59. Please explain the characteristic of Body wave (P-wave and S-wave) ! The second link has very good animated illustrations of both movements. P (Primary) and S (Secondary) Waves are Body Waves often associated with Seismic Waves as in Earthquakes. Both Body Waves and Surfaces waves comprise an earthquake, but the body waves arrive first. Primary are first, And Secondary are, well, second of course. P Waves are compressional which means they move through (compress) a solid or liquid by pushing or pulling similar to the way sound travels through the air. The particles of the material a P Wave pushes through move in the direction of the P wave's energy. This is called the direction of wave propagation. S waves are slower than P waves and they can only travel through solid rock. S waves move the particles it pushes through up and down or side to side (perpendicular to the motion of the S waves energy). 60. Explain why electromagnetic wave can travel without a medium but mechanical wave cant. Electromagnetic wave and mechanical wave have different properties, especially on what the wave can transfer. In mechanical wave, only energy and momentum that travel with it, but in electromagnetic wave, a particle also travel with it. The main reason why electromagnetic wave can propagates without a medium is because the wave itself is produce by the vibration of the charge particle. 61. Please explain about wave interference and give it illustration Wave interference is the phenomenon that occurs when two waves meet while traveling along the same medium. The interference of waves causes the medium to take on a shape that results from the net effect of the two individual waves upon the particles of the medium. It divided by two types are contructive and destructive interference.62. Why electromagnetic wave doesnt require any medium to travel? Electromagnetic waves are formed a charged particle (such as a proton) oscillates. Due to this oscillation, electric and magnetic fields are produced. These fields are perpendicular to each other and also oscillate like the particle. Thus, the wave is produced by oscillation and propogation of electric and magnetic fields. Since, the fields don't require any medium. So the wave doesn't requires any medium either.