Lab 12Cycadophyta, Ginkgophyta

Seed plants

• General features of the vascular plants• Common name: Seed plants• Synonyms: Spermatophyta• Sporophyte growth habit: Stems,

leaves, roots• Gametophyte growth habit:

Endosporic thalli

Seed plants

• Stele: Eustele• Undulipodia (“flagella”): Whiplash

(100 to 1000+) or none• Sexual reproduction: Heterosporous• Included Phyla: Cycadophyta,

Ginkgophyta, Coniferophyta, Gnetophyta, Anthophyta

• Recognized by: Seeds, wood, eustele

Cycadophyta

• General features of the seed plants• Common name: Cycads• Synonyms: None• Sporophytes: Dioecious; trees, shrubs

with compound leaves and often only a single trunk.

• Strobili: Simple pollen cone; simple seed cone

Cycadophyta

• Undulipodia (“flagella”): Whiplash, more than 100

• Representative genera: Cycas, Zamia• Recognized by: Thick compound

leaves, cones

Various cycads

Cycadophyta

Microsporangiate strobili

Cycadophyta

Megasporangiate strobili

Cycadophyta

Cycad seeds

Cycadophyta

Zamia ovule

Cycadophyta

Cycas microsporophyll

Cycadophyta

Cycas microsporophyll

Cycadophyta

Ginkgophyta

• General features of the seed plants• Common name: Ginkgo, Maidenhair

tree• Synonyms: None• Sporophytes: Dioecious; tree• Strobili: Simple pollen cone; no seed

cone (ovules paired on the end of a slender branch)

Ginkgophyta

• Undulipodia (“flagella”): Whiplash, more than 1000

• Representative genera: The single species Ginkgo biloba

• Recognized by: Fan-shaped leaves, seeds not in cones, smelly sarcotesta

Ginkgo

Ginkgophyta

Ginkgo stem

Ginkgophyta

Ginkgo pollen cone

Ginkgophyta

Ginkgo “male” (pollen) strobilus

Ginkgophyta

Ginkgo seeds

Ginkgophyta

Ginkgo seeds

Ginkgophyta

Ginkgo seeds

Ginkgophyta

Ginkgo seeds

Ginkgophyta

Ginkgo seeds

Ginkgophyta

Ginkgo seeds

Ginkgophyta