PLANT PHYSIOLOGY (SBF 3023)

TITLE: SEED GROWTH AFFECTED BY LIGHT FACTOR

NAME MATRIC NO

RAIMI BINTI SAIT D20141066894

NUR SYAFINAS BINTI ASLAN D20141066905

DAYANG AZWA NADIA BINTI AWANG AHMAD ISHAK

D20141066884

LIM LEE WEN D20141066909

OBJECTIVES

• To observe the seed germination process occur on the seeds used.• To investigate the effect of light on the seed growth.

MATERIALS

• Petri dish• Bean seeds• Ground nut seeds• Table lamp• Ruler• Plastic bags

METHOD

1.Seed germination – The seeds were being germinated for 7 days ( a week )

2.Seed growth and development (light factor) – The seeds were being observed on their growth and development week by week and data was recorded.

RESULT

•Seed Germination•Seed Growth and Development

( Light Factor )

SEED GERMINATION

24hour Light

6hour Dark

12hour Dark

24hour Dark

SEED GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

24h Light, 6hour Dark & 24hour Dark

6h & 12h Dark (at home)

6h &12h Dark

24h Light & 24h Dark

Period Day & Length of hypocotyl (cm)

 

0 1 3 7

24 hour Light

0 cm

0.4 cm

5.0 cm

6.2 cm

Send to green house for a week, then the plant were took back home to start light treatment.

6 hour Dark

0 cm

0.3 cm

5.0 cm

10.2 cm

12 hour Dark

0 cm

0.6 cm

5.9 cm

15 cm

24 hour Dark

0 cm

0.8 cm

5.8 cm

15.2 cm

D 0 D 1 D 3 D 70 0.4

56.2

0 0.3

5

10.2

00.6

5.9

15

00.8

5.8

15.2

Day vs Length of hypocotyl (cm)

24 L 6 D 12 D 24 D

Plant Developm

ent

After Treatment with Light

24h Light 6h Dark 12h Dark 24h Dark0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Length vs Week (Treatment Phase)

Week 1 Week 2 Week 3

Week Le

ngth

(cm

)

Plant/ Week

Length of hypocotyl (cm) with different period of light exposing

24 hour Light

6 hour Dark

12 hour Dark

24 hour Dark

Week 1 20.2 20.8 24.5 23.9

Week 2 23.9 24.1 26.8 26.5

Week 3 27.3 27.5 30.5 28.5

24hour Light

6hour Dark

12hour Dark

24hour Dark

*Photos of plant after treatment finished.

Discussion The germination of a seed happens when the appropriate quantities of water, temperature, and proper soil nutrients are available. When the seed is growing in its early stages, it makes use of the food and nutrients that are available in the seed itself. Slowly the leaves that are made by the seedling along with tiny roots will allow the plant to depend on sunlight and the soil for its growth and nourishment. The roots will transfer the nutrients and minerals from the soil to the plant. Once the shoots and roots have emerged from the seedling, the germination will end and the growth of the plant starts.

During seed germination, they show reaction towards light. Light has been recognized around the mid-nineteenth century as a critical factor controlling germination (Crocker, 1930)

24-hour LightSeed germination occur rapidly and healthyLess elongation of hypocotylGreen in colourLeaf expand

12-hour Light 12-hour DarkSeed grow successPlant undergo photosynthesis (light reaction and dark reaction)There are competition occur in order to find lightsSome have long elongation and some are not

6-hour Light 18-hour DarkPlant succeed to growPlant can undergo Light and Dark ReactionCompetition occur to get sunlight

24-hour DarkAbsence of light: etiolation/ skotomorphogenesis occurGreen bean plant structure:1. Long hypocotyl2. Reduced leaf expansion3. Apical hook4. Pale in colourEtiolated plant do not have chlorophyll so they cannot absorb plant efficiently

Conclusion Light affects the seed germination and plant growth. Plants get energy from light through a process called photosynthesis. This is how light affects the growth of a plant. Without light, a plant would not be able to produce the energy it needs to grow.The exposure to light does not need to be long or continuous for some seeds.The most survive plants is 12 hours light 12 hours dark. Plant can undergo photosynthesis (light and dark reaction) effectively.

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