Date post: | 25-May-2015 |
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PHYSICAL QUANTITIES AND MEASUREMENTS
Objective
To obtain derived quantity from base quantities To ensure consistency, sensitivity and accuracy of instruments
Inference
1. Base quantities are the quantities that cannot be defined in terms of other quantities.
2. Derived quantities are physical quantities derived from the base quantities through multiplication, division or both.
3. Density of substance, ρ = mass = m Volume v
4. Relative density,
Hypothesis
1. Measuring physical quantity precisely.2. Differentiate between base and derived quantities.
Apparatus /Material
Wooden block, vernier calliper, beam balance, glass rod, ruler, metal block, measuring cylinder
Experiment 1a
Apparatus 1. Wooden block 2. Vernier calliper3. Beam balance/ Electronic balance
Procedure1. Measure the dimension of the wooden block by using vernier calliper.2. Weigh the mass of the wooden block by using Beam balance / Electronic
Balance.3. Record all the data in the TABLE 1.0
Result
Dimension Reading
Height, h 3.85 cm 3.85X10-2 mWidth, w 6.62 cm 6.62X10-2 mLength, l 10.21 cm 10.21X10-2 mMass, m 236.1 g kgVolume, V cm3 m3
Density, ρ g cm3
kg m3
Relative Density, ρr
Experiment 1b
Apparatus 1. Glass rod2. Micrometer screw gauge / vernier calliper3. Beam balance / electronic balance4. Ruler
Procedures1. Measure the dimension of the glass by using Micrometer Screw Gauge
or Vernier Calliper2. Record all the data in TABLE 2.0.
Result
Dimension ReadingDiameter, D cm mLength, l 16 cm 0.16 mMass, m 14.5 g mVolume, V cm3 m3
Density, ρ g cm3
kg m3
Relative Density, ρ r
Experiment 1c
Apparatus
1. Metal block / rod2. Micrometer screw gauge / vernier calliper3. Beam balance / electronic balance 4. Measuring cylinder 5. Scissor6. String
Procedures
1. Measure the dimension of the metal by using micrometer screw gauge or vernier callipe.
2. Record all the data in TABLE 3.0
Result
DimensionReading
AverageTrial 1 Trial 2
Diameter, D/ width, wLength, lMass, mExperiment Volume, Vexp
Theory volume, Vtheory
- using formulaExperiment density, ρ exp
Theory density, ρ theory
% error for densityRelative density, ρ r
Questions
State the precautionary steps to avoid errors in the experiment . Repeated reading are taken and the average value is calculated Avoid parallax error Avoid zero error Use instruments which is not defective
Conclusions
The derived quantities can be calculated or expressed in terms of base quantities
Exercising greater care and effort when taking readings
Experiment 1a
Experiment 1b
Experiment 1c