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DELTA ANALYSIS OF LAGOS,

NIGERIA ARMOURYEXPLOSION

Presented by:

James Ekwensi

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Outline

Background information

Population at risk

Disaster case

Disaster Impact Emergency response

Problems

NEMA

Gap Analysis (SWOT)

Recommendations

References

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Background Information

Population over 140 million

Area 923,768sq km

Coats line 843 km

Seasons Dry and Wet

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Population at risk

Estimated 2 millionpeople live with in the 2Local government areas

surrounding thecantonment.

Approximately 4500families lived within the

cantonment

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Case: 2002 Lagos armory explosions

When: Sunday 27 January 2002 @ 18:00

What: Bomb explosion

Where: Ikeja Military Cantonment

Why: Probably caused by a fire in the adjacent localmarket

How: Many drowned trying to cross a river to escapethe explosions

How much: Estimated 200+ fatalities from the initialblast and fragmentation hazards.

Over 2000 fatalities from the resultant panic

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Primary impact of the disaster

Massive damage to the principal blast area at thecenter of the cantonment up to 1.5 km2.

The epicenter of the blast, including an area ofapproximately 400 m2, was completely obliteratedand is heavily contaminated with unexplodedordnance (UXO).

A total of 33 ammunition warehouses werecompletely destroyed, and the adjacent army barracks

suffered severe damage with the 3 and 4 storyaccommodation largely destroyed.

Several blocks of flats were completely destroyed andup to 100 blocks of flats partially damaged

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Primary impact of the disaster

Many perished when crowds spilled over into theOke-Afa canal some three kilometers from thecantonment

many small children were pushed into the deep mudin the canal and drowned.

Others were injured because of jumping from heightor being trampled underfoot, and some were killedor injured by heavy traffic whilst trying to cross the

main Ikeja dual carriageway

Many families became separated in the confusion

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Secondary impact of the disaster

Broken windows, holes in roofs, collapsing ceilingsand walls and causing numerous minor injuries.

Random shells hit buildings in areas up to 18 kmaway.

A total of 27 schools have been affected

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Emergency Response

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Emergency response

Lagos State Government (Took initial command)

NEMA

Nigerian Red Cross

Nigerian Military Nigerian Police

International Red Cross

United Nations

Numerous foreign government agencies

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Immediate problems

Search and rescue: Recovering bodies from thecanal

Communication: Getting word out that it was not amilitary coup; telling people what to do, where togo

Food, Water, Shelter

Environmental assessment: assessing impact andensuring safety

Healthcare

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Other Problems

Total explosive content of blasts - unknown.

Ammunition losses unknown due to incompleteammunition accounting system.

Inadequate Outside Quantity Distances (OQD) toreduce the risk to the civilian population.

Inadequate Inside Quantity Distances (IQD) toreduce the risk of propagation of blast to adjacent

explosive storehouses. No contingency plan for dealing with a disaster of

this magnitude.

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National Emergency Management Agency

(NEMA)

NEMA was established in March 1999 via Act 12 of1999 as amended by Act 50.The Agency was saddled

with the responsibility of coordinating disastermanagement activities for the country.

Supposed emergency response lead

Disaster led by the state government

Took over coordination much later

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NEMA: Functions and Responsibilities

Disaster preparedness and mitigation;

Notifying, activating, mobilizing, deploying staff andsetting up the necessary facilities for response;

Evaluating and assessing disaster damage and requests; Managing Disaster Management funds;

Public Information and Enlightment;

Formulating policy/guidelines for Disaster

Management in the country; Liaising with State Emergency Management

Committees (SEMCs), Regional, International bodiesand NGOs to assess and monitor, and where necessary,

distribute Relief materials to disaster victims.

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In an ideal situation

Proper storage of bombs (in fortified structures)

Proper and effective emergency notification

Early response by fire service

Reliable disaster communication News/ media management

Clear and established command structure duringdisaster

Accountability

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Gap Analysis: SWOT

Strengths: Disaster response

infrastructure: NEMA,SEMA, LEMA

Funding andTelecommunication:Mobile phones net work

Weakness: Disaster notification

Disaster preparedness Community knowledge

of disaster plans

Communication

Coordination

Opportunities: international support

Educated population

Social Media

Democracy Diaspora

Threats: Terrorism

Over population Decreased military

spending

Ethnic conflicts

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Recommendation

Continuous proactive monitoring of all military armoryall of the country

Environmental impact assessment

Improving the overall disaster management capacity inNigeria is also of fundamental importance in order tomitigate the impacts of future events.

Maintain an exclusion zone within and around thecantonment and the UXO armory

Training and re-training of Nigerian military personnelin UXO and ammunition management

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References

http://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-

lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-report

http://www.apminebanconvention.org/fileadmin/pdf/mbc/I

WP/SC_may02/speeches_sd/Scott_Nigeria.pdf

http://tribune.com.ng/index.php/features/592-ikeja-bomb-

blast-8-years-after

http://www.irinnews.org/Report/29958/NIGERIA-Arms-

depot-explosion-rocks-Lagos

http://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-reporthttp://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-reporthttp://www.apminebanconvention.org/fileadmin/pdf/mbc/IWP/SC_may02/speeches_sd/Scott_Nigeria.pdfhttp://www.apminebanconvention.org/fileadmin/pdf/mbc/IWP/SC_may02/speeches_sd/Scott_Nigeria.pdfhttp://tribune.com.ng/index.php/features/592-ikeja-bomb-blast-8-years-afterhttp://tribune.com.ng/index.php/features/592-ikeja-bomb-blast-8-years-afterhttp://www.irinnews.org/Report/29958/NIGERIA-Arms-depot-explosion-rocks-Lagoshttp://www.irinnews.org/Report/29958/NIGERIA-Arms-depot-explosion-rocks-Lagoshttp://www.irinnews.org/Report/29958/NIGERIA-Arms-depot-explosion-rocks-Lagoshttp://www.irinnews.org/Report/29958/NIGERIA-Arms-depot-explosion-rocks-Lagoshttp://www.irinnews.org/Report/29958/NIGERIA-Arms-depot-explosion-rocks-Lagoshttp://www.irinnews.org/Report/29958/NIGERIA-Arms-depot-explosion-rocks-Lagoshttp://www.irinnews.org/Report/29958/NIGERIA-Arms-depot-explosion-rocks-Lagoshttp://www.irinnews.org/Report/29958/NIGERIA-Arms-depot-explosion-rocks-Lagoshttp://www.irinnews.org/Report/29958/NIGERIA-Arms-depot-explosion-rocks-Lagoshttp://www.irinnews.org/Report/29958/NIGERIA-Arms-depot-explosion-rocks-Lagoshttp://www.irinnews.org/Report/29958/NIGERIA-Arms-depot-explosion-rocks-Lagoshttp://www.irinnews.org/Report/29958/NIGERIA-Arms-depot-explosion-rocks-Lagoshttp://www.irinnews.org/Report/29958/NIGERIA-Arms-depot-explosion-rocks-Lagoshttp://tribune.com.ng/index.php/features/592-ikeja-bomb-blast-8-years-afterhttp://tribune.com.ng/index.php/features/592-ikeja-bomb-blast-8-years-afterhttp://tribune.com.ng/index.php/features/592-ikeja-bomb-blast-8-years-afterhttp://tribune.com.ng/index.php/features/592-ikeja-bomb-blast-8-years-afterhttp://tribune.com.ng/index.php/features/592-ikeja-bomb-blast-8-years-afterhttp://tribune.com.ng/index.php/features/592-ikeja-bomb-blast-8-years-afterhttp://tribune.com.ng/index.php/features/592-ikeja-bomb-blast-8-years-afterhttp://tribune.com.ng/index.php/features/592-ikeja-bomb-blast-8-years-afterhttp://tribune.com.ng/index.php/features/592-ikeja-bomb-blast-8-years-afterhttp://tribune.com.ng/index.php/features/592-ikeja-bomb-blast-8-years-afterhttp://tribune.com.ng/index.php/features/592-ikeja-bomb-blast-8-years-afterhttp://tribune.com.ng/index.php/features/592-ikeja-bomb-blast-8-years-afterhttp://tribune.com.ng/index.php/features/592-ikeja-bomb-blast-8-years-afterhttp://www.apminebanconvention.org/fileadmin/pdf/mbc/IWP/SC_may02/speeches_sd/Scott_Nigeria.pdfhttp://www.apminebanconvention.org/fileadmin/pdf/mbc/IWP/SC_may02/speeches_sd/Scott_Nigeria.pdfhttp://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-reporthttp://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-reporthttp://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-reporthttp://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-reporthttp://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-reporthttp://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-reporthttp://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-reporthttp://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-reporthttp://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-reporthttp://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-reporthttp://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-reporthttp://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-reporthttp://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-reporthttp://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-reporthttp://www96.reliefweb.int/report/nigeria/undac-mission-lagos-nigeria-munitions-depot-explosion-report

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Thank you