Lake PERSPECTIVES on LAKE WINNIPEG - IISD · Winnipeg Watershed WATERSHED” Datasource: my kids...

Lake Winnipeg

Watershed

Datasource: my kids

Solutions

“PERSPECTIVES on LAKE WINNIPEG WATERSHED”

Lance Yohe

Executive Director Red River Basin Commission

Contributions: • Steve Topping, MB MIT/WS

• Henry (Hank) Venema, IISD

• Al Kristofferson, LWRC

• Rob Nedotiafko, MB Conservation/WS

• Executive Director, POS

• Todd J. Sellers, LoWWSF

Lake Winnipeg Watershed Issues Quantity: Drought

Quantity: Flood Ice

Invasive Species Land Use Quality Climate

IISD-GWSP CONFERENCE WATER – ENERGY – FOOD SECURITY NEXUS

Winnipeg, Manitoba 3 May 2012

LAKE WINNIPEG WATERSHED

4 RIVER SYSTEMS 2 MAJOR LAKES

Datasource: my kids

2 COUNTRIES

4 PROVINCES

4 STATES

G

Watershed 953,250 sq/km

Lake Winnipeg 24,387 sq/km

Watershed Population 6.6 million

HOW DO YOU MANAGE A

BASIN THIS SIZE—JANOS

50,000 – 70,000 SQ/KM

Lake Winnipeg

Watershed


ASSINIBOINE RIVER

Datasource: my kids

Solutions


Quantity: Flood Ice


QU'APPELLE

RIVER

SO

URIS R

IVER

WEYBURN

ESTEVAN

NORTH DAKOTA

SASKATCHEWAN

MANITO

BA

LAKE MANITOBA

SO

UR

IS

R I V E R

QU'APPELLE

RIVER

AS

SIN

IBO

INE

BRANDON

REGINA MOOSE JAW WINNIPEG

WEYBURN

ESTEVAN PORTAGE

LA PRAIRIE

Souris River sub-

basin (38%)

Qu’Appelle

River sub-basin

(36%)

Upper Assiniboine River

sub-basin (12%)

Shellmouth Reservoir

Manitoba

Tributaries

(14%)

Drainage Area:162,134 km2 (24,900 km2 in MB)


ASSINIBOINE RIVER

• 2/3 of

annual

volume

comes

in April

- June

High Inter-annual Flow Variability


ASSINIBOINE RIVER

Water Supply Industrial Livestock Watering Municipal Irrigation Water Storage Flood Control Treated Effluent Dilution Fishing, Hunting Recreation

Canoeing Camping Swimming

Lifestyle Living on the water’s edge

Recorded at Headingly MB

Approximately 80,000 acre-feet/year are licensed or committed for consumptive use

MB water allocation

volumes are conservative,

providing less risk of

encroaching on in-stream

flow volumes for

ecological health

Water Use & Allocation


ASSINIBOINE RIVER

Prairie Provinces Water Board reviews past and present flows, not future PPWB implements master agreement on apportionment policy, does not develop policy A policy gap at the interprovincial planning level

Usage Category

Annual Allocation

(expressed as a

percent)

Agricultural > 1

Industrial 13

Irrigation 35

Municipal 52

Total 100


RED RIVER

Datasource: my kids

Solutions


Quantity: Flood Ice


Lake Winnipeg

Watershed

NATURAL RESOURCE FRAMEWORK PLAN (NRFP)

1. Watershed 2. Integration 3. Data/Technology 4. Education/Information 5. FDR: Forecasting 6. FDR: Mitigation 7. FDR: Response & Recovery 8. Drainage 9. Water Quality 10. Water Supply 11. Conservation 12. Fish & Wildlife 13. Outdoor Recreation


RED RIVER

Datasource: RRBC

Sub-Watersheds In Basin LAKE WINNIPEG WATERSHED

RED RIVER

Additional Challenges

– East – West Water Law

– International Treaty of 1909,

• IJC - IRRB

– No Apportionment Agreements

– 23 Federal Agencies with mandates

869 km (540 mi) long 96 km (60 mi) wide Flat: n/s: .09 m/km (½ ft/mi) e/w: .38-.57 m/km (2-3 ft/mi) One of truly flat landscapes in world 129,500 sq km (50,000 sq. mi) w/o Souris & Assiniboine

FINDING SOLUTIONS: TOGETHER

VISION & VOICE

Red River Basin

Commission

Funding

Laws/ Legislation

Stakeholders

Partners

Inter-jurisdictional


RED RIVER

RRBC MISSION To develop a Red River Basin integrated natural resources framework plan; to achieve commitment to implement the framework plan; and to work toward a unified voice for the Red River Basin.

Citizen, Local Government, Provincial and State Government, Federal Government, First Nation, and Interest Groups.

Datasource: my kids

Solutions


SASKATCHEWAN RIVER


Quantity: Flood Ice


Lake Winnipeg

Watershed

Datasource: my kids


SASKATCHEWAN RIVER

Mission: Promoting watershed sustainability through awareness, Linkages & stewardship.

• Each prairie province has a new provincial comprehensive water strategy

• Watershed planning increasingly locally implemented by steward groups

• Basin starts at Peyto and Bow Glaciers

• Flows depends on the snow

pack in the Rockies • Prairie rivers depend on

glaciers for 2% except in late summer in dry years at 25 to 40% • may be gone in 30 years

• Glacier Park will have none

by mid-century • Athabasca has retreated 1.5

km


SASKATCHEWAN RIVER

International Watershed

• 4 ecological regions

• 3 provinces 1 state

• 435,000 sq. km

• 1,220 kilometers long

• Over 3 million people

Less than 25% of the Nelson River

flow from the Saskatchewan River Basin

• North Saskatchewan (fourth longest), Red Deer,

Oldman, Bow, Highwood, South Saskatchewan (seventh longest), Battle, Saskatchewan, St. Mary, and Carrot.

• Kisiskatchewan = the river that flows swiftly.

Lake Winnipeg

Watershed

Datasource: my kids

Solutions


WINNIPEG RIVER


Quantity: Flood Ice


17,000 Tonnes (26%)

800 Tonnes (13%)

771 m3s-1 (45%)

150,000 km 2 (16%)

N Load

Flow

P Load

Winnipeg R. Basin 101

Watershed km 2

17,000 Tonnes (26%)

800 Tonnes (13%)

771 m3s-1 (45%)

150,000 km 2 (16%)

N Load

Flow

P Load

Winnipeg R. Basin 101

Watershed km 2


WINNIPEG RIVER

Modified from Lake of the Woods Control Board

English River 55,000 km2

Lake of the Woods 70,400 km2


WINNIPEG RIVER

Lake of the Wood Foundation

Champion for Lake of the Woods

Science: Initiating research partnerships on water quality issues

Policy: Develop community and political support bi-nationally for cooperative action to protect and sustain our lake

Role: Catalyst, Coordinator, Funding

Partner

• IJC Reference June 17, 2010 for Lake of the Woods & Rainy watershed

• IJC Task Force study & consultations fall 2010 – spring 2011

• Jan 2012 – IJC “Report to the Governments of the United States and Canada on Bi-national Water Management of the Lake of the Woods and Rainy River Watershed”


WINNIPEG RIVER

International Watershed Board for Lake of the Woods and Rainy River Watershed – Merge existing boards; expand water quality mandate to

include Lake of the Woods and upstream boundary waters

Develop plans of study for priority issues – Nutrients & harmful algal blooms – Aquatic invasive species – Climate change – Sulphite and heavy metals

Develop bi-national basin management plan – Comprehensive monitoring and reporting program

Water levels study for Lake of the Woods

A Summit on Futures – Outcome: Inter-jurisdictional implementation

2011 AREAS OF FLOODING

LAKE WINNIPEG WATERSHED ISSUES

QUANTITY: TOO LITTLE TOO MUCH

Lake Winnipeg

Watershed


Quantity: Flood Ice


Solutions

1930‘s -- 2 Yrs

1200-1400 -- 200 Yrs

Lake Winnipeg

Watershed


QUANTITY: ICE – INVASIVE SPECIES

Datasource: my kids

Solutions


Quantity: Flood Ice


Selkirk, MB - Ice Jams (Amphibex Machines breaking ice)

Focus on Ice Breaking, Cutting

and Clearing


QUANTITY: LAND USE

Last 100 Years Forest, Wetlands, and Marshes To: Tillable Land Creating : erosion, nutrients, and economic value.


Quantity: Flood Ice


Lake Winnipeg

Watershed

Solutions

MB: Red/Ass. Rivers -23%




MB: W. Lake, E. Lake, atm. cont. 24%

MB: 47%

ON: 13%

MB: 47%

ON: 13%

SK: 3%

MB: 47%

ON: 13%

SK: 3%

MB: 47%

AB: 2% ON: 13%

SK: 3%

MB: 47%

AB: 2%

US: 35%


QUALITY

Lake Winnipeg

Watershed

Solutions


Quantity: Flood Ice


PHOSPHORUS LOADS

Datasource: my kids

North Basin

August 29, 2005

The largest ever

observed on the

lake

September 3, 2006

The widest extent

of algal blooms

ever seen

LAKE WINNIPEG ISSUES

QUALITY

Beach Closed

North Basin

South Basin

Narrows

Dam on inflows

Dam on outflows

26%

45%

11%


FINAL THOUGHTS

WHAT IS THE LAKE TELLING US?

The Red - Assiniboine

Rivers account for 57.89% of the Phosphorus input into

the lake


FINAL THOUGHTS


0

5

10

15

20

25

1909 1919 1929 1939 1949 1959 1969 1979 1989 1999

Tem

pera

ture

(oC

)June Aug

0

5

10

15

20

25

1909 1919 1929 1939 1949 1959 1969 1979 1989 1999

Tem

pera

ture

(oC

)

July Sept Oct

1909 - 2004

Modeled monthly mean Lake

Winnipeg surface water temperatures Significant trends

North Basin - 1.0°C increase

in September

South Basin - 1.9°C increase

in August

South Basin

Climate Change


FINAL THOUGHTS


Nel

son

Play green LakeMcLaughlin

Gunisao

Belanger

Black (Mukutawa)

William

Pop lar

Berens

Pigeon

Bloodvein

Wanipigow

ManigotaganBlack

Winnipeg

Brok

en

head

Red

Assiniboine

Icelandic

Fisher

Mantagao

Dauphin

Warpath

Saskatchewan

File LWpg_99_dredge_ sites_fina l.cdr

NbnNbs

991 03

202

132

118

76

80

33

19

305121

94

9 4

64

122

58

42158

1 00

99106

91

187

105

98

71

74

60

72

23 973

68

73

44

48

57

150

47

2 1

68

2 3

3942

31

123

44

19

18

161617

167123

30

39

19

22

20

23

22

22

Lake WinnipegSurface TPJuly 2003

200 - 300 ug/L

100 - 200 ug/L

50 - 100 ug/L

25 - 50 ug/L

< 25 ug/L

89

> 300 ug/L

Nel

son

Play green La ke

McLaughlin

Gunisao

Belanger

Black (Mukutawa)

William

Pop lar

Berens

Pigeon

Bloodvein

Wanipigow

ManigotaganBlack

Winnipeg

Brok

enhe

ad

Red

Assiniboine

Icelandic

Fisher

Mantagao

Dauphin

Warpath

Saskatchewan

File LWpg_99_dredge_site s_final.cd r

NbnNbs

79

78

158

13 1

55

42

10 6

59

4 8

114

93

81

92

60

21

1 959

63

8 4

47

6 4

53

3 3

51

34

39

28

2935

53

42

47

59

51

41

81

17

33

211 9

19

24

37

29

15

17

201417

503022

20

26

20

21

37

39

1 8

29

Spring 2003

83

Nel

son

Play green La ke

McLaughlin

Gunisao

Belanger

Black (Mukutawa )

William

Pop lar

Berens

Pigeon

Bloodvein

Wanipigow

ManigotaganBlack

Winnipeg

Brok

enhe

ad

Red

Assiniboine

Icelandic

Fisher

Mantagao

Dauphin

Warpath

Saskatchewan

File LWpg_99_dredge_site s_final.cd r

NbnNbs

156

151

16 2

142

101

128

68

60

145

134

90

1 40

80

4215 7

146

1331 56

128

119

13 7

1 42

111

98

96

83

94101

90

93

92

83

73

65

60

54

43

4759

41

71

177

145

52

47

506050

585049

34

48

40

38

32

58

77

74

89 Highest N B in fall

Fall 2003

7 7

Total Phosphorus µg/L surface waters of Lake Winnipeg 2003

Lake Erie

present


FINAL THOUGHTS


0

10

20

30

40

Chl

orph

yll -

a (u

g/L)

BA GB GS SU HU MI TA ER VI W I

Summer Chlorophyll-a Concentration10 Largest World Lakes

Baikal

TanganyikaMichigan

Winnipeg

Great Bear

Superior

Erie

Victoria

Great Slave

Huron

The most eutrophic of the largest lakes


FINAL THOUGHTS

WHAT IS THE LAKE TELLING US? ARE WE LISTING?

Governance

Political

Social

Administrative

Economic

Strengthen 4 River Basin Efforts

•50,000 – 70,000 sq/km

Assiniboine River – 162,134 sq/km •PPWB

•IJC – Souris Board

•Local CD’s MB, SK -- WRD – ND

•No Inter-Jurisdictional Locally Connected Effort

Red River – 129,500 sq/km •RRBC

•IJC - IRRB

Saskatchewan River – 435,000 sq/km •PoS

•PPWB

•IJC

Winnipeg River – 150,000 sq/km •LoW Foundation

•IJC – Rainy Board


WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE?

•Agriculture & Livestock: •$ Billions/Yr

•Urban:

• $ Billions/yr

•Lake Winnipeg Fishery:

• $19 Million/yr

•1,030 Licensed Fishers

•6 m kg/yr

LEADERSHIP: BASIN & RIVER BASIN

RIVER BASIN CORNERSTONES: DATA & ACTIONS

SMALLER WATERSHED MODELS: DATA & ACTIONS


WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE?

FARMSTEAD (VERY SMALL) MODELS: INTEGRATED ACTIONS


WHAT IF?

Warming Trends Floods - Drought

Human Impact

Future Projections?

Ice Age OR Every 11,500 yrs. Shift of Magnetic Field

LAKE WINNIPEG WATERSHED WATER – ENERGY - FOOD --- INTEGRATION: A GOOD LITMUS TEST

Datasource: my kids


FINAL THOUGHTS

WHAT IS THE LAKE TELLING US? ARE WE LISTING?

IISD-GWSP CONFERENCE WATER – ENERGY – FOOD SECURITY NEXUS

Winnipeg, Manitoba 3 May 2012

Datasource: my kids

Red River Basin

“PERSPECTIVES on LAKE WINNIPEG BASIN”

Lance Yohe

Executive Director

Red River Basin Commission

www.redriverbasincommission.org

[email protected]

Cell: 701-371-9-8246

Winnipeg: 204-982-7254

Moorhead: 218-291-0422

Red River Basin Transboundary

History TIC

RRBB RRBC

WEF Challenges Flood

Drought Land Use Quality

Red River Basin Challenges

Solution (NRFP)

http://www.redriverbasincommission.org/

mailto:[email protected]

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Lake PERSPECTIVES on LAKE WINNIPEG - IISD · Winnipeg Watershed WATERSHED” Datasource: my kids...

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