Land and Agrarian Rights Campaign:
Annual Progress Report 1st Shrawan 2069 to 31st Ashad 2070
(16thJuly 2012 to 15thJuly 2013)
Submitted to:
Action Aid International Nepal (AAIN), Care Nepal, DanidaHUGOU, Lutheran World Federation (LWF), Oxfam, Swiss Development Cooperation (SDC)
Submitted by:
Community Self Reliance Centre (CSRC)
P.O. Box: 19790, Bhumighar, Kathmandu
Phone: (+977-1) 4360486, 4357005 Fax: (+977-1) 4357033
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction ........................................................................................................... 2
2. Major Achievements during this Reporting Period .................................................... 2
2.1 Best Practices: ............................................................................................................. 14
2.2 Learning: .................................................................................................................. 14
3.Major Challenges Encountered ................................................................................. 15
4. Financial Administration and Management ............................................................. 15
5. Institutional Development ....................................................................................... 15
6. Budget .................................................................................................................... 16
7. Quantitative Reporting of Activity-Level Achievements ........................................... 16
ANNEXES .................................................................................................................... 22
ANNEX: A ................................................................................................................... 22
i. Land Entitlement ........................................................................................................ 22
ii. Use of Public Land ..................................................................................................... 23
iii. Joint Land Ownership ............................................................................................... 23
iv. Landless Identity Card received ................................................................................ 24
ANNEX B : Case Study .............................................................................................. 28
ANNEX C: Photos......................................................................................................... 30
ANNEX D: Media Clips ................................................................................................ 31
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1. Introduction
This report is a summary of the progress made according to the planned and approved activities carried out by Community Self-Reliance Center (CSRC), collaborating partner organisations (Abhiyan Nepal, CSDR, CDECF, JDS, RDS and SWAN) together with National Land Rights Forum including its branches (NLRF) in this year which covers the period from 1st Shrawan 2069 to 31st Ashad 2070 (16th July 2012 to 15th July 2013).
This report documents the activities carried out, the progress made and the challenges encountered during the period as per the AWAB 2012-2013 (2069/2070). The main purpose of this report is sharing of the progress, achievements and challenges among all the supporting organizations and concerned stakeholders at all levels.
The CSRC developed an AWAB - 2012/13 (2069/2070) in alignment with its StOP 2009-2013. The AWAB, besides specifying activities to be implemented during this year, also sets program-specific priorities, organizational development needs and annual targets to be achieved through the implementation of the activities. These activities are primarily focused on: i) organising, strengthening and mobilizing rights holders to claim and exercise their rights; ii) ensuring that clarity and consensus on land reform policy and frameworks suitable to the needs and realities of Nepal is established among key stakeholders and implemented effectively; iii) assimilating and disseminating learning generated from ground level actions and practices; and iv) ensuring women’s rights on land through introducing new supportive policies.
The existing supporting strategic partners, namely, ActionAid International Nepal, CARE Nepal, DanidaHUGOU, Oxfam, Lutheran World Federation(LWF) and Swiss Development Cooperation(SDC).
2. Major Achievements during this Reporting Period
The major achievement during the reporting period of 16th July 2012 to 15th July 2013are as follows:
• Land entitlement: A total of 917 households have received land ownership certificates. Of these 917 households, 85 have received for the tenanted land, 10 have received certificates from the Landless Problem Solving Commission (LPSC) and another 697 have received for the village block land from the District Land Revenue Office (DLRO). Another 88 have acquired from Guthi Raitani1, 33 have
1 Transfer the Guthi land to the real tiller's name.
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received from Ukhada Land and 4 have received as per Reclaimed Land. The area of land received amounts to be 69.61 ha. This has secured shelter for the landless families and has enabled them to gain access to government services like bank loan, electricity etc. The dignity, freedom and social justice have not been calculated with it.
Yasodha Rakhal Magar of Ramchhe, Sindhupalchowk is a good earner. With the active engagement in land rights movement, she has been able to receive the land entitlement of Guthi Land. It was a great success for her when the Guthi land was transferred into Raikar. She is leading in the community and advocating for land rights. Through the vegetable farming on its own she has been able to earn NPR 1,50,000($1571) annually. Hence it has been a good source of income for livelihood as well. Moreover she has also made a Joint Land Ownership Certificate.
• Access and utilization of public land: A total of 899 landless farmer families have
utilized the public land for the long-term purpose to improve their livelihoods. The area covers estimated 81.26 ha from which these households have been producing vegetable and cereal crops and benefiting from this. The land has been accessed and utilized the wastage land from various sources including CFUG, VDC, and Schools respectively.
Kaluram Chaudhary from Machhelidoes not own a single piece of land. He feeds himself and his family from the yields produced by farming. He doesn't have any other means of livelihood except farming. He sells the produced yields to fulfill his family's basic needs. His children go to boarding schools. He owns a boaring, two Ox as an assistance to his farming. Including Kaluram Chaudhary, 31 squatter families of Machheli, associated with Land Rights Forum have been tilling 8 ha of barren land on the bank of river
• Formation of agricultural co-operatives: Twenty-one (21) new agricultural cooperatives have been formed and 928 members (665 female, 172 dalit, and 432 janjati) are organized within them. Funds have been collectively saved, and generated NPR 6,939,406 ($72,679) ($1= 95.48 NPR). The total investment has been of NPR 5,937,885 ($ 62,189). The formed cooperatives have initiated agro-based entrepreneurship, which includes vegetable farming, horticulture, fish farming etc. From these agro-based activities, the group members have been benefiting and improving their livelihood. Indeed, the primary goal of such co-operatives is to help poor farmers with marketing their agricultural products. DLRFs have succeeded in taking the support of District Co-operative Offices for training members of co-operatives and this working relationship has helped to subsequently register them.
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On 25thDecember 2006 in Tikapur Municipality-1 Mauraniyal Village Land Rights Forum(VLRF) was established. When the movement fund was well managed all planned to establish co-operatives. Then, NPR 10 ($ 0.11) was collected monthly for movement fund and NPR 1 (0.01) was collected for co-operatives. The members came up with the idea to keep a shop of only edible foods. Accordingly a woman was employed in the shop by giving NRS 500 ($ 5.86). The earnings made from the collective farming are also being kept in co-operatives. The total savings in movement fund is NPR 9,337 ($109) and savings in co-operatives is NPR 1, 81,730 ($ 2130) respectively.
• Utilization of local resources: At the community level, 16,164 households have utilized NPR 7,018,460 ($73,507) local resources from Village Development Committee (VDC), District Development Committee (DDC) and other agencies for their economic livelihood and physical development. The locally generated resources have increased access to the community resources and this has enabled the land-poor people to access their basic rights.
Community led land reform is being practiced in Ramchhe VDC of Sindhupalchowk. With its commencement the farmers are practicing advance agriculture technology. As per which they have been doing fruit and vegetable farming. They have also been implementing the organic farming. Rural Development Society (RDS) and six land learning center is facilitating this overall activities. On March 2012 VDC dispatched the letter to gather the farmer. During the gathering, community members requested to announce guidelines of VDC Budget process and got to know that there is 15% provision in agriculture. Then RDS and land learning center together formed Ramche Agriculture Forum in the chair of activist Sita Bhujel. Then they submitted the proposal to VDC for provision of seeds, irrigation plants. Later on 2012/13 the members received NPR 2,53,400($2654) from VDC. VDC level monitoring found a good outcome and impact in this particular VDC. So it has been planned to continue the VDC budget. This year as well NPR 1,61,000($1686) received from VDC as per agriculture budget.
• Mobilization of front line leaders:A total of 2511 (48% female, 36.4% dalit, 36% janjati) front line leaders have been facilitating claiming land rights by the landless and tenant farmers. They are also facilitating strengthening the land rights movement at the local level and linking to the district and national level. The front line leaders have been contributing their efforts in the expansion of NLRF's relationship with the media, political parties and government. Additionally, they have been actively facilitating land rights violation cases that have occurred at various intervals of time.
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I am Anju Kumal, a resident of Nayabehalani-5, Nawalparasi. I have settled on Arunkhola public land. My husband is abroad since 3 years, to earn for our family but his income is so low that he doesn't have enough money to return back home. I have been involved in land rights movement since 2007 I participated in women's walk from Kanchanpur to Tikapur conducted in 2010. I realized that our plight was a minor one when compared to the plight of freed labors and squatters of Kailali and Kanchanpur. Their commitment towards the association and movements has further encouraged me to my efforts. I also participated in sit-in protest conducted in Kathmandu. I have been continuously participating in district campaign and rallys. These participations have enabled me to express and share my thoughts with others.
I am Raj Kumar Harijan, a resident of Bhagwanpur-2, Rupandehi.I have settled on khungai village block land. Landlords let their cows, buffalos graze on the public land and I have been tilling and farming. I struggled a lot with these landlords for my rights. Since 2003, I have been continuously struggling in land right movements. Initially I was an activist of a political party and now I am a frontline leader of land right campaign. I am sometimes threatened by some people to leave the association but I can face any challenge to provide justice to people.
• Movement Fund: A total of 876 Village Land Rights Forums (VLRF) have generated a total NPR 1,742,999 ($18,255) as a movement fund. They have utilized NPR 1,105,714 ($11,581) to strengthen the land rights movement and local initiatives. Similarly a total of 30 DLRF’s have generated NPR 635,731($6658) and utilized NPR 528,063 ($ 5531) for strengthening the campaign and management of VLRF’s and DLRF’s. The movement fund has been an emergency fund at the time of need. The VLRF members collectively utilize the fund for the organizing campaign, travel expenses, trainings and logistics ultimately strengthening the VLRF. The establishment and continuation of ‘movement fund’ by the rights holders organized in VLRF’s and DLRF’s, collection of handful of rice, pulses and vegetables as needed for village, district and national level campaigns, and community level resource mobilization for constructing the Bhumi Ghars (community land homes) both at district and village levels have sufficiently shown that the overall land rights movement/campaign has been moving towards the direction of sustainability.
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Shova B.K, Frontline Leader, Mahottari “My daughter got sick, so I requested my owner to provide NPR 1000. But he ignored the case and left me helpless. In this awful situation our VLRF cooperated with me and provided the double amount i.e. NPR 2500. Through the received amount from VLRF movement fund, my daughters’ effective treatment was possible”.
On February 2008 when Namuna VLRF was formed; no one dared to harm this village. VLRF has been managing regular discussions, movement fund and monthly saving for the campaigning. As per which a total of NPR 35,000 ($367) have been deposited in the fund. Involved in Land and Agricultural rights movement, VLRF members after discussion participate in the movement utilizing the money from the movement fund (if available) else by collecting money, lentil, rice and corn from all. VLRF has initiated a campaign for establishing Emergency fund with collection of both cash and kind in their saving. This practice has been a relief package for VLRF members at the times of need.
Amritmaya B.K who managed to get relief from the savings said “In 7th May, 2013 I felt sick. I had no money and my husband was also not there. Where should I go and ask for the money as I knew the condition of the community organization as well. So I utilized NPR 527($5.5) saved in fund and received treatment”.
• VLRF Formation and Mobilization : Two hundred eighty two (282) new VLRF’s have been formed in the community (districts) having 7,748 members (3843 female, 3276 dalit, 1886 janjati). This support has contributed to helping them to work independently and strengthen people's organisation and land rights campaigns in their respective areas and issues. These people’s organization provide opportunities to empower the poor and landless farmers through the transformation of unequal and inequitable power relationships in the traditional social structure. In the Chhinmasta VDC of Saptari, 30 hh have been residing there. In this particular place there is a big pond which can provide a good income. One of the pond was being utilized by indian citizen. Apparently when VLRF was formed there, all of the member raised their voice to have an access over this public pond. After the times of delegation to VDC and District Administration Office they have received the access rights over the pond. Similarly they have also been able to receive the tilling certificate. Consequently through the active engagement VLRF members have collected NPR 1,20,000 ($ 1257) from fish farming. The collected amount has also been saved in movement fund which is contributing towards the sustainability of VLRF.
• Land Learning Centres (LLC’s): Seventy nine (79) LLC’s have been operating at community (district) level; 1840 community members (1500 female, 559 Dalit, 851 Janjati) have participated in land related activities. These centres have contributed
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considerably to strengthening the local land rights campaign and people's organizations. They have addressed such issues as:-use of VDC resources; membership of CFUG; protection against land right violations; planning of land rights campaigns; and the use of fallow land. In Jarbuta VDC of Surkhet Bastipur land learning center a total of 25 members (20 female, 1 dalit, 10 janjati) are having a regular discussion. Through the discussion, the members have also submitted the applications for tilling certificate and landless identity card. On April 2013 they have also formed Bastipur Agriculture Cooperatives. Total 25 members (14 female, 11 janjati) are organized in cooperative in which funds have been collectively saved, and generated NPR 3870 ($40.53). With the active mobilization of all members, they have been able to claim and receive the land of Community Forest. As per which they have been planting Turmeric over the 0.06 ha land and also received NPR 5000($52) from VDC for this process. The members have contributed their effort to make the discussion live through the use of social mapping, resource mapping and focused group discussion.
• Landless Identity Card: NLRF in
co-ordination with District Land Rights Forum (DLRF) in various districts, the campaign for the timely distribution of identity card (Hairani Abhiyan) has been carried out nationwide. During the Hairani Abhiyan, VLRF did follow-up on daily basis at landless commission continuously for 83 days and finally succeeded to receive landless identity card. Through the effective campaigning, as a result a total of 15,451 families have received the Landless Identity Card within VLRF among the total 38,399 applications submitted by respective VLRF of various districts. The received card has been an ultimate proof of residing land, which will also protect them from forceful eviction.
• Campaign against Eviction: Six hundred thirty nine (639) tenant and landless families have protected their rights in residing place and tilling land from the eviction by landlords and local elites. Different campaign and mass demonstration are ongoing at the community level (districts) with joint efforts of the Land Rights Forum as per the cases of land rights violation. In Rupse-7 Surkhet 27 household was evicted by Community Forestry and District Forest. Opposing against this awful action, DLRF Surkhet organized the Rally, Procession and sit-in in front of
Landless People Receiving Identity Card in Daiji
VDC, Kanchanpur
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the District Administration Office (DAO). They have also filed the case in National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) and also in District Court. Consequently it has been ordered not to evict this place again.
• NLRF Strengthened: One-month campaign covering 23 districts has been carried
out visiting 77 VLRFs with regard to the NLRF renovation campaign (Sangathan Godmel). There was involvement of 13 central committee members of NLRF. During which the reformation of VLRF, membership distribution and its renewal, discussion on women and land rights, development of plan along with the solution of problem, and orientation with regard to submission of application form at landless commission, contemporary issues of particular districts, was intensively discussed.
• NLRF's International Membership : NLRF has recently obtained membership in
the International Land Coalition (ILC) and has also built a networking with Agriterra, which is considered one of the NLRF’s major achievements. This membership has enabled the relation with the international community by the NLRF for recognition of the issues of land rights movement/campaign.
• Land agenda in Agriculture Development Strategy: With the continuous follow-
up the issue of Land Reform has been effectively addressed in the Agriculture Development Strategy.
• National Engagement Strategy (NES) Progress: The National Engagement
Strategy (NES) has been finalized and programs have been taken ahead accordingly. International Land Coalition (ILC) has taken it as an exemplary case.
• Mass Meeting (Bhumi Sabha): Mass Meetingwas held in different ten places in the leadership of NLRF. More than 50 Thousands of landless, small farmers, squatters, haliya and flood victim participated at the programme with the ultimate aim of building people's constitution, ensuring land rights within constitution and implementation of the report of Land Commission. Following the mass meeting national committee and frontline leaders met leaders of political parties with written position paper to request the
implementation of scientific land reform on behalf of landless and tenant farmers and include the land and agrarian issue in their election manifesto. With the continuous pressure and massive mobilization of land-poor people, top leaders of political parties have agreed to put land reform issues in their election manifesto in specific after the consultation.
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• Regional Tenant Conference: Regional Tenant Conference was held in Nepalgunj and Itahari. This conference has not only put forth the demands of tenant farmer but their clear role and commitment has also been declared. Moreover the practical alternative has been put forward for solving the problem of tenants. There was a participation of thousands of tenant farmers from various districts.
• HaliyaGathering: The
Haliyas has been legally announced as Freed Haliya, since 4 years but however they are compelled to work as Haliya. So, the Haliyas of Baitadi organized a rally and held dialogue with concerned stakeholders at Sahilek, headquarter of Baitadi demanding for their rehabilitation and specific provision of Housing and Agricultural Land not being limited with provision of facilities and relief packages. Moreover the Ministry of Land Reform has announced to collect data of real Haliya. Consequently the Haliyas has been more organized and their demand has been clearly put forth into debate and discussion.
• Tenant Farmers meeting with Land Reform Minister: A team of tenant farmer from Sunsari, Morang, Jhapa, Dang, Banke and Bardiya districts met with Mr. Tejraj Pandey Director General of Land Reform and Management Department and Hon. Minister Ridhhi Baba Pradhan, Land Reform and Management committed to bring new policy soon to address tenant farmers' problems after having meeting and interaction with them. Moreover they assuredto manage other alternatives for the distribution of landless identity card through LandReform Ministry and Revenue Office and subsequently commence the process of tenancyland severance. Tenant farmers shared their human rights violation issues and stories with the member of National Human Right Commission (NHRC) in their office and NHRC agreed to write concerning bodies of government to address the issues, further the NHRC asked proper document of evidence for further initiation
Haliya Gathering, Baitadi
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• Haruwa/Charuwa meeting with Land Reform Minister and NHRC: The group of Haruwa/Charuwa of Siraha and Saptari districts met with Dr. Chiranjivi Nepal, Chief Economic Advisor of Ministry of Finance and Ms Hon. Minister. Riddhi Baba Pradhan, Minister of Land Reform and Management Ministry. They took the Haruwa Charuwas issues positively and assured to address Haruwas demands in coming budget and policy. The issues were brought in media very effectively
and published editorial at Naya Patrika with strong message. Consequently the provision of Scholarship for the children of Haruwas has also been announced.
• Churiya Campaign: A campaign was carried out on the protection of Churiya and land rights of Churiya area residences. The campaign included wall painting, marching, broadcasting from FM, mass meetings and interactions with different stakeholders. As a result, the government officesespecially Land Conservation Department and District Offices agreed to talk on the issueof land rights of the Churiya people. The people living in the Chure range have received information about the President - Chure Range Preservation Program. The Churiya people submitted the demand letter and range of meeting have been conducted to address the land ownership issue. Further discussions have been made by ministry on the demand letter submitted by Churiya People. Consequently the issue of Chure have been addressed effectively in new Budget 2070/71.
• Trainings and Orientation: One thousand five hundred five (1,505) 802 female, 469 dalit, 802 janjati) land rights activists and front line leaders attended 41 training and orientation sessions on land rights and strengthening people's organizations. These trainings resulted in the ability to file cases at the district land reform/land revenue and district courts. This has enabled them to facilitate the land-related legal matters in groups at the community level. Once local organizations are institutionally strengthened through capacity building on the legal dimension of land-related issues, they have the potential of legally, challenging and defeating the powerful public land grabbers and also working for the interests of landless farmers. The capacity-building process has enabled landless /tenant farmers to speak for their interests, which they consider the greatest asset they have had from the land-rights movement/campaign.
The training on “Right Based Approach” delivered a message that 'Rights are to be claimed rather than request'. After the training, there was a sit-in protest conducted in Palpa on 5th,6th May 2013 demanding the land survey of unregistered land, conversion of guthi land into raikar and its ownership to be handed over to the tillers. There was a written agreement done to take delegation to the policy
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level among the political parties, revenue office and land right forum regarding the resolution of land disputes in Palpa. The demand letter to register the unregistered land by the revenue office, provision of specific rights to resolve the land disputes was submitted to the land reform and management ministry. On the basis of this agreement, political parties and collective team of District Land Right Forum had a meeting with Mr. Khilraj Regmi, Chairman of Council of Ministers and Ms. Riddhi Baba Pradhan, Minister of Land Reform and Management. They had committed to move ahead on registering the unregistered land. The training has further encouraged the land deprived people to fight for their rights. Simple literate Gamita Rai, frontline leader is a resident of Durkhim VDC, Khotang. She has been associated with Land Right Forum since 2 years and have participated in various training and discussion in the area of land rights, women's rights etc. She has been sharing the received knowledge and confidently advocating for the prevailing issues in the community. She has developed a good skill and understanding on land rights and facilitating various discussions, meetings, and VDC level discussions in the community.
• Publication and Knowledge Building:A total of 18 publications (20,000 copies) have been published within this one year including, updates, Quarterly/Annual reports, research, video/documentary, poster, booklet respectively. These published materials have been an advocacy tool in land rights movement. Further it has contributed in the knowledge building of activist, frontline leaders and VLRF members. The good practices is being shared and exchanged through the means of various published material while the VLRF discussion is also live with the use of visual aid. The regular updates and publications have also been effective tools for national and international networking along with rapport building with government and political parties.
• Community–led land reform practice: Community–led land reform practice has been carried out in five Village Development Committees (VDC) within five Districts as follows:- Gangaparaspur (Dang), Laxminiya (Mahottari), Hardiya (Saptari), Hansposha (Sunsari) and Ramche (Sindhupalchok). Community people of this particular VDC’s are commencing their activities according to the plan developed last year.
VDC(District) Progress
Gangaparaspur (Dang),
49 Acquisition of tilling certificate, 23 Bigha, Use of fallow Land, mapping of community forestry, pond, fallow land in the VDC
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Laxminiya (Mahottari), 24 families received tilling certificate, 51 landless identity card received, 3 joint land ownership certificate
Hardiya (Saptari) Use of fallow land and vegetable production Hansposha (Sunsari) Herbal production in land of community forestry,
landless identity card received, Acquisition of tilling certificate
Ramche (Sindhupalchok) 13 Joint Land Ownership Certificate, 1 Tenancy Certificate, Chaklabandi Crops Consolidation, 16 frontline leaders commercial farming
• Formulation of National Land Policy: In the co-ordination of government and civil society the formulation process of National Land Policy is taking place. A draft National Land Policy has been finalized and circulated among respective partners and experts for comments.
• New policy on Haruwa/Charuwa (Ploughmen and Herdsmen): The joint study on Haruwa/Charuwa, (a kinds of semi-bondage system) has been conducted in 2/2 VDCs of Saptari, Siraha and Sarlahi in the joint initiation of CSRC, ILO, District Land Rights Forum and other partner organisations. The study has provided the status and data of Haruwa Charuwa and has identified the changed situation. Since large sections of people were saying there are no Haruwa and Charuwa in Nepal, this study has provided evidence to the contrary. The government of Nepal has introduced a policy (Bonded Labour Prohibition Act) to address the issue of Haruwa/Charuwa.
• Implementation of Action Plan: The government has started to implement 13
point action plan regarding land reform which was based on land reform commission report
• ICESCR Alternate Report:CSRC along with INSEC and RRN is leading the preparation of an International Convention on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) Alternate Report. Regional consultations havebeen carried out following by field visits in various target communities i.e. Raji, Badi, Musahar, Tenants, Chepang and also collected the land rights violation case from Koshi Tappu Reserve. The series of regional workshop and field visit have helped to work and understand real scenario of community level people and collect the evidence for the report.
• Finalization of Research Report:CSRC has finalized a draft report of study on 'Women's Access to Land and Land Grabbing' and a study on the 'Converting Agricultural Land to Non Agriculture Use'. These studies have been strong evidence in providing clarity on the issue of land and as an advocacy material for land rights movement.
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• Second National Conference of Women Farmer: The Second National Conference of Women Farmer was successful in raising the voice of land-poor and women farmer in the domain of ensuring equal land right. The conference well speculated the women's issues with focused discussion on 'Women's Land Ownership and Identity' and by announcing the action point for the substantial expansion of campaign. The conference also enhanced the debate on women and land rights and provided the platform for landless women farmer to express their feelings, build power and exchange knowledge and learning.
• Joint Land Ownership: A total of 484 families have acquired Joint Land Ownership covering an area of 118.80 ha of land. It has enhanced their confidence and number of women inheriting equal share of land increasing the level of consultation with women in household decision. This has ultimately led to increased women stake in family and their dignity in society.
"I got married at the age of 16 but only at the age of 77, I became the real owner of this house", says 77 years old Thulimaya Tamang,resident of Jhyanglyang-9, Dhaibung, Rasuwa after receiving Joint land ownership certificate. Thulimaya Tamang along with her husband, Lal Bahadur Tamang made the joint land ownership certificate at Dhunche Revenue Office, on 22nd March 2012. She says that it feels honored to receive the certificate even at this old age.
Sukumaya Majhi and and Gorey Majhi of Manthali-5made the Joint land ownership certificate over 0.1 ha of land on 5th May, 2013. Sukumaya says, 'We came to know that the joint ownership certificate of our land is being made here and therefore we have come for the same. I had been treated as a servant at my husband's house since our wedding took place. I did not own any thing there. But today I am happy to own this land certificate. Now I can feel secured, confident and dignified life ahead.
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2.1 Best Practices:
(i) The Study Camp conducted by Resource Center 5 and 6 provided a learning platform for the frontline leaders and activist. Consequently they have begun to prioritize the reading, writing process and knowledge sharing along with write-up of Reader's view (Pathak Patra) from various communities (districts).
(ii) With the continuous pressure and massive mobilization of land-poor people, top leaders of political parties have agreed to put land reform issues in their election manifesto in specific after the consultation.
(iii) DLRF has practiced sharing its budget with CDO, DDC and land tenure offices annually and has also established a transparency board.
(iv) The continuous construction of the Bhumi Ghars (land homes) of the VLRFs and DLRFs by mobilizing their own financial resources, contributing their own labor and taking support from the local government offices (VDCs/DDCs) and other agencies has been a good practice.
2.2 Learning:
i. The process of collaborating with District Land Rights Forum (DLRF), must be preceded further by properly analyzing the situation of primary groups (VLRF), their capability, accountability and improving the fragile areas within it.
ii. The visible achievement can only be made in any district only with the adequate budget and sufficient human resource that can provide regular support and monitor the campaign.
iii. The campaign is much more effective when one has a clear understanding on the local issue and strong capability to collect and utilize local resources
iv. Land rights violation cases can be settled effectively if there is a mutual collaboration and dialogue in between local organization, local leaders and victims in the intervention process.
v. Focus on the issue based movement led to instant achievement. The issues can bring definite result only through the issue-based analysis on laws and policy, discussion and interaction on existing debate with concerned stakeholders, political parties and right holders. For this there is a need of capable frontline leaders, activists and strong VLRF
vi. There must be proper balance between conducting programs and management support for enhancing their effective outcome.
vii. Promoting personal case files with available legal evidence is more prevailing than general application to CDO and other agencies.
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3.Major Challenges Encountered
The challenges faced in the ongoing process of the land rights movement are as follows:
i. Due to dissolution of landless commission; ultimatelythe work with regard to the distribution of identity card of landless people has beenterminated.
ii. The Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation has implemented the Forest Encroachment Protection Strategy 2011 which has resulted in the eviction of significant numbers of landless people who have been residing on forest land.
iii. Weak Government at policy level has resulted in limited progress.
iv. The activist and frontline leaders who are strongly campaigning against land rights violation case is being threatened and warned by opposing parties.
4. Financial Administration and Management
CSRC has developed an institutional baseline document setting specific targets and indicators to measure the achievement of the StOP. CSRC has revisited its existing strategic working approaches; the Human Development and Financial Management policy endorsed from Executive Committee and has revised its organizational management structure in line with the StOP 2009-2013. Since 2009, CSRC has regularly submitted integrated accounting and software-generated reports. In addition to the completion of institutional auditing, board members have also endorsed the annual general assembly. Within this quarter the majority of the Social Auditing process has therefore been completed and reports have been submitted to the strategic partners.
5. Institutional Development
• CSRCs Annual Social Audit was held on 31st August 2012, with the participation of all key stakeholders from the community to policy level. A report has been published and distributed.
• With diverse participation, CSRC carried out its annual general assembly and shared theachievements, learnings and future plans. Summarily general assembly decided toformulate a new strategy paper 2014-2018, formed a new auditing committee, andinstitutional development through the coordination of general members.
• NLRF has recently obtained membership in the international farmers’ network that is, membership of International Land Coalition. This has enabled further capacity development and opportunities.
• NLRF has received financial support and capacity development opportunities through networking building with Agriterra.
• Staff and board members participated in training and workshops at national and international levels. (Refer to Annex for details)
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6. Budget
CSRC’s total budget for the reporting period was NPR 49,475,160 The total expenditure remained NPR 41,724,882, which is 84.34% of the approved revised budget for the same period. Of total expenditures, programme costs accounted for NPR 33,841,158(81% of total expenditures) and management costs were NPR 7,883,724 (19% of total expenditure). Additionally the movement has mobilized NPR 4,606,151 local resources in the form of cash and other materials contributed by the tenant and landless farmers themselves. The movement emphasized the need to generate and mobilize local resources to support the movement with the view of its long-term sustainability and to provide a greater sense of ownership amongst the tenants and landless farmers.
7. Quantitative Reporting of Activity-Level Achievements
Outcome, Output, and Activities
Indicators
1st Shrawan 2069– 31st Asadh 2070 (16 July 2012 – 15 July 2013)
Total target
1st Shrawan 2068 – 32nd Asadh 2069 (16 July 2012– 15 July 2013)
Results Achieved
Outcome 1 1. Increased access of land-poor families to productive land resources.
-No. of landless families who have received land (along with total value of land in million NPR)
- No. of landless families utilized (public land) (in hectare).
2. Increased female-headed households with legal entitlement on land and house.
-No. of female-headed households
3.Decreased displaced or evicted families
-No. of tenants and landless families protected from
3000
500(300)
500
NA
917(69.61 ha)
899(81.258)
484(118.8073)
639
17
17
eviction
4. Tenants and landless farmers capable of influencing state policies and laws governing land resources.
i)No. of policies/laws changed2
2
2 (Bonded Labour, Land Use Policy)
Output 1 The National Land Rights Forum (NLRF) strengthened as a people's organization to lead the land rights movement.
1. Number of districts with NLRF chapter
-Number of VDCs with Village-level Land Right Forum
-Number of households covered by land right campaign.
-Number of NLRF district chapters strengthened
-Number of NLRF VDC chapters strengthened
2. Number of trained and capable staff/activists mobilized for paralegal assistance, alliance building and networking in communities, districts and regions to support the cause of the rights holders
50 continued
30
4500
50 continued
215
164
53
538 including last year
58503
42
282
41 Training 1505 staff/activists
2 This indicator also appears under Output 5.
18
18
3. A firm connection established between local movement and national policy dialogues and processes
-Number of districts (and households) linked to national policy dialogues and processes
4. The land rights movement linked with livelihood opportunities and cooperatives
-Number of cooperatives established (and members)
-Number of households who have benefitted from agro-based entrepreneurship
5. Claiming for the Land rights
-Numbers of petitions filed by tenants and settlements reached
-Numbers of petitions filed by landless people (and families benefitted)
50(71129) continued
10(2100)
10(500)
0(3000)
0(3000)
53 (71929)
21(923)
[[
9(1070)
0
38399(15451)
Activities
Overall management and coordination 2 NCs 1
Full time worker (National Secretariat of NLRF) 4 person 5
Accountant cum office secretary (NLRF) 1 person 1
Meeting 4 times (84 persons) 3(40)
Campaign (result oriented), national movement for implementation of the action plan.
1 Campaign (2000 persons) 4(42004)
19
19
NLRF Strengthening & Renovation 2 times (60 persons) 8 times (154 persons)
Special orientation for all frontline leaders 21 districts (525 persons) 0
Campaign costs for one visible movements 32 districts (continued) 32 districts
Full time worker (district level) 32 persons 40 persons
NLRF office secretary (district level) 32 persons 30 persons
Extension/Strengthening of DLRF 21 districts 21
Land encampment 64 times (6000 persons) 90 times(5513 persons)
Training and orientation 9 times (270 persons) 41 times(1505 persons)
Activist support 80 persons 74 persons
Formation of agricultural cooperatives 5(1050 members) 21(923 members)
Facilitation of REFLECT circles 126 centre (3150 persons) 79 centre(1840 persons)
Context Mapping 3 VDC's 3 VDC's
Output 2 1. Number of campaigns and multi-stakeholder dialogues/interactions organized at national, regional and district levels for policy reform or enactment of new policies and laws, including establishment of a land reform commission.
-National level (participants)
-Regional/district level( “ )
2. No of national and international alliances and networks established and strengthened-
3. No of VDCs (and households) adopting alternative models of land reform
6(230)
64(2560)
2
5(5464)
7(328)
86(14487)
7 (ILC,AFA,Agriterra, PWESCR,Forum Asia, ANGOC, Ekta Parishad)
5(5464)
Activities
Policy dialogue at National level 6 Times (320 persons) 7(328)
20
20
Critical engagement with govt. Throughout Throughout
Develop alternative land policy/ Position book of land movement
1 Policy 1 Policy
Develop viable alternative land reform and management models through action research
5 VDC (5464 hh) 5 VDC (5464 hh)
Media mobilisation (radio and others) Throughout Throughout
Support to global land assembly / Organize international level was
1 Times (30 Persons) -
Policy dialogue at District and Regional level 64 Times (2560 persons) 86 Times (14487 persons)
Public campaign, Demonstrations, rallies & submission of memoranda
9 Issues (20,000 Persons) 53 times(85,696 Persons)
Support to the process of claiming land rights 200 HH 0
Support activities claiming economic rights 10 Place (500 hh) 8 place(286hh)
Critical engagement with non-state actors Throughout Throughout
Output 3
1. No. of Issue based research conducted, and findings published and disseminated
2. No. of resource centres (RCs) and resource organizations (ROs) established and strengthened to promote the culture of learning and sharing amongst activists, researchers, experts and other stakeholders.
3. Develop the learning materials and its dissemination.
- No of publication (and copies)
4. Number of studies conducted to enhance critical engagement with these non-state stakeholders to benefit from their pro-poor policies and initiatives and counter policies or initiatives detrimental to the interests of land-poor women and men.
Output 4 1.A series of campaigns and multi-stakeholder dialogues organized at community level in various districts for policy reform or enactment of new policies and laws, including ownership and control of land.
21
21
- Number of districts with multi-stakeholder dialogues/interactions
- Number of national campaigns (and participants)
2. Number of women with access to land.
3. No of families with joint ownership of land
4. Number of new policies and laws relating to women’s land right
[[[[[
32 districts (32)
1(10,000)
600
[
250
14 districts
1 (177)
484
Activities
Dialogue and pressurize to the government to implement policy and program on women access to land.
20 Times (1200 Persons) Advocacy Training for Single Women
1 times (24 female) Lalitpur
Training on Joint Land Ownership, Sarlahi
1 times (116 persons) 91 female
Exposure and learning visits 2 Times (100 Persons) 2 times (46 persons)
Regional conference of women leader and activist.
2 Place (400 Persons) 1 times (177 persons)
National Conference of Women Farmer
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ANNEXES ANNEX: A
i. Land Entitlement
Place HH Area of Land In Hectare(ha) Source
Naubasta, Bankatwa, Gahanapur, Belahari,Indrapur , Banke 47
11 Bigha 14 Kattha 15 Dhur 7.840
Tenancy Settlement (Milapatra)
Rupandehi, Khudabagar 4 1 Bigha 11 Kattha 1.0385
Ukhada Land
Pratapur, Bedhauli, Guthi Prasani,Nawalparasi 29
15 Bigha 12 Kattha 14 dhur 10.8
Ukhada Land
Chapagaun, Lalitpur 4 1 Ropani 4 Aana 2 Paisa 1 Dam 0.0144 Tenancy Settlement
Dubachaur 10 50-0-0-0 2.576 Landless people Ichhok 5 15-6-2-3 0.406 Tenancy Settlement Palchowk 1 4-5-0-0 0.222 Tenancy Settlement Helambu 4 14-0-0-2 0.721 Guthi Kiul 4 12-0-0-0 0.618 Tenancy Settlement Bandegaun 1 1-6-1-1 0.020 Raikar Bhimtar 4 3-14-0-0 0.199 Tenancy Settlement Kunchowk 4 1-11-0-0 0.086 Tenancy Settlement Nawalpur 2 12-3-0-0 0.628 Guthi 24 VDC, Sindhupalchowk 81 631-0-0-3 32.52 Raikar discount registration Bardibas-1, Mahottari- 1 0.00333 ha 0.00333 Reclaimed Land Maisthan 8-Mahottari 3 1.69 ha 1.69 Reclaimed Land Kisanagar-6, Mahottari 55 1.27 ha 1.27 Village Block Land Padariya -7, 8 Siraha 82
2 bigha 9 kattha 17 dhur 1.63 Village Block Land
Padariya, Siraha 560 10 Bigha 6.7 Village Block Land
Madhupatti 1 4 Kattha 0.134 Tenancy Settlement
Jhapa 7 2 Kattha 6 Dhur 0.077 Compensation Unregistered Tenant
Morang 6 5 Kattha 12 Dhur 0.187 Compensation Unregistered Tenant
Sunsari 2 7 Kattha 0.234 Compensation Unregistered Tenant
Total 917 69.61
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ii. Use of Public Land District HH Area of Land In Hectare(ha) Dekhatbhuli, Kanchanpur 30 12 Bigha 8.04 Beldandi, Kanchanpur 22 4 Bigha 2.68 Pathraiya, Kailali 50 10 Kattha 0.335 Katan, Kanchanpur 24 5 Bigha 3.35 Udayadev, Baitadi 1 11 Ropani 0.566 Kalbhairav, Dailekh 26 4 Ropani 0.206 Paduka, Dailekh 43 5 Ropani 0.257 Gamaudi,Dailekh 33 3 Ropani 0.154 Deudakala,Bardiya 31 3 Bigha 2.01 Jarbuta,Surkhet 25 2 Kattha 0.067 Gangaparaspur, Dang 92 23 Bigha 15.41 Daunedevi, Nawalparasi 43 15 Bigha 10.05 Yagyabhumi VDC, Dhanusha 45 0.6667 ha 0.6667 Kisannagar-9, Mahottari 55 11.333 ha 11.333 Khayarmara- 6, Mahottari 40 1 ha 1 Karmaiya-9, Sarlahi 102 6 ha 6 Rajghat 7 and 8, Sarlahi 91 2.666 ha 2.666 Hardiya , Saptari 22 8 Bigha 5.36 Mohanpur, Siraha 24 1 Bigha 10 Kattha 1.005 Dhangadi,Siraha 12 12 Kattha 0.402 Devipur, Maksayir,Siraha 42 5 Bigha 15 Kattha 3.852 Badgama, Saptari 30 3 bigha 2.01 Hansposha, Sunsari 2 1 1/2 Bigha 3.685 Sukajor-1, Ramechhap 14 3 Ropani 0.154
Total 899 81.258 ha
iii. Joint Land Ownership Districts HH Area of Land In Hectare(ha) Baitadi 36 102 Ropani 5.25 Kailali 3 14 Kattha 19 dhur 0.500 Dadeldhura 10 72 Ropani 11 Aana 2 Paisa 2 Dam 3.747 Banke 4 16 Kattha 5 Dhur 0.544 Dailekh 2 30 Ropani 1.546 Bardiya 11 1 Bigha 15 kattha 1.172 Dang 18 4 Bigha 15 Kattha 4 dhur 3.189 Palpa 8 20 Ropani 1 aana 1 paisa 2 dam 1.034 Parbat 8 4 Ropani 13 aana 3 paisa 0 dam 0.250 Rupandehi Kha Bangai 1 15 Dhur 0.025 Manmatria,3, 4, Rupandehi 2 0.082 Sqm 0.00000673 Nawalparasi 1 1 Kattha 10 dhur 0.050 Nawalparasi 1 5 Kattha 0.167 Rasuwa 13 116 Ropani 3 Aana 3 paisa 5.990 Sindhupalchowk 74 336-5-3-1 17.33 Lalitpur 29 105-3-2-2 5.422 Nuwakot 14 40-6-0-0 2.080 Dhanusha 2 0.04333 ha 0.04333 Mahottari 94 10.9053 ha 10.9053
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24
Sarlahi 22 1.937 ha 1.937 Bara 2 0.18667 ha 0.18667 Saptari 10 5 ha 5 Siraha 7 1.23 ha 1.23 Udayapur 17 6.23 ha 6.23 Sunsari 26 3 bigha 11 kattha 2 dhur 2.381 Morang 4 1 bigha 2 katha 7 dhur 0.748 Jhapa 8 2 bigha 2 kattha 11 dhur 1.425 Dhankuta 3 8 Ropani 2aana 0.418 Okhaldhunga 19 239 Ropani 14 Aana 8 Paisa 1 dam 12.36 Ramechhap 12 121 Ropani 13 Aaana-2 paisa- 12 dam 6.279 Khotang 23 385 Ropani 5 aaana 13 paisa-10 dam 19.868
Total 484 118.8073
iv. Landless Identity Card received District Application Submitted
within VLRF Landless identity card received within VLRF
Kailali 1155 108 Kanchanpur 869 328 Surkhet 800 450 Banke 3000 1450 Bardiya 4428 450 Dhanusha 1028 305 Mahottari 951 1601 Sarlahi 1730 1715 Rautahat 2053 710 Bara 675 0 Makwanpur 49 Parsa 790 765 Saptari 13326 1591 Sunsari 1764 1309 Morang 1720 880 Jhapa 4110 3740
Total 38399 15451
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v. Local Community Contribution
Mode of Contribution RC,RO,NLRF NPR Cash Various district/national movement and involvement of community people, organisation/agency, VDC, political parties, businessman and people of diverse field in Campaign against Land Right Violation organized by Resource Organisation/Center and District Land Rights Forum.
RC-1 170,100 RO-2 79,385 RO-3 33,500 RC-4 1,000,450 RC-5 486,523 RC-6 910,960 RO-7 135,450 RO-8 165,890 RC-9 0 NLRF 0 Total of Second Half (Magh-Asar)
2,982,258
First Half (Shrawan - Poush)
343,590
Sub-total 3,325,848 Kinds The food, medicine, vegetables including other kinds collected from the community people for campaign.
RC-1 155,475 RO-2 4600 RO-3 15,460 RC-4 42,200 RC-5 5000 RC-6 303,280 RO-7 0 RO-8 98,550 RC-9 0 NLRF 0 Total of Second Half (Magh-Asar)
624,565
First Half (Shrawan - Poush)
1,181,243
Sub-total 1,805,808 Grand total 5,131,656
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vi. Trainings and Workshop
S.no Nature of Training/Workshop
Date Place Participant Organizer
1. Workshop on Sustainable Development
3 August Baneshwor Mr. Jagat Deuja, Program Manager
Ministry of Environment and Science
2. "Training on Result Based Report Writing (RBR)"
6-11th August, 2012
Sundarijal, Kathmandu
Ms. Jyoti Baidya, Monitoring and Evaluation Officer
Lutheran World Federation (LWF)
3. Workshop on ‘Farmers’ Fighting Poverty’
8-11th September,2012
Bangkok, Thailand
Mr. Jagat Basnet, Executive Director
Asia Dharra and Asain Farmers' Association (AFA)
4. (ToT) on Conflict Transformation and Human Rights
24th-28th September,2012
Godavari, Kathmandu
Ms. Kalpana Karki, Regional Program Officer
DanidaHUGOU
5. Jansatyagraha 2012 26th September -4th October 2012
Delhi, India Mr. Jagat Basnet, Executive Director
Ektaparishad, India
6. Asia Land Forum 2012 and Regional Assembly of ILC
2nd-5th October 2012
Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Mr. Jagat Deuja, Program Manager
International Land Coalition(ILC)
7. Gender Equality Mainstreaming Training
17th Nov- 9th December
2012
Copenhagen,
Denmark
Ms. Jyoti Baidya, Monitoring and EvaluationOfficer
Danida Fellowship Centre
8. 7th General Assembly of Forum Asia
19th-22nd November,2012
Bangkok Mr. Jagat Basnet, Executive Director
Forum Asia
9. National Consultative Workshop on the Global UN Joint Programme Accelerating Progress towards the Economic Empowerment of Rural Women
29th and 30th November 2012
Kathmandu Mr. Jagat Deuja, Program Manager
UN Women, IFAD, FAO and WFP
10. Global Platform Planning Meeting 2012 to 2015
11-14 December 2012
Geneva, Switzerland
Mr. Jagat Basnet, Executive Director
Ekta Parishad , India
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27
11. ToT on Conflict Transformation and Human rights
21-25 January, 2013
Kathmandu Kalpana Karki,Regional Program Officer
DanidaHUGOU
12. Global platform ( Initiatives International) meeting and sharing of non-violence movement
15-27 March, 2013
Dakar, Senegal
Jagat Basnet, Executive Director
Initiatives International
13. Monitoring and Evaluation Workshop
20-21 March, 2013
Kathmandu Jagat Deuja, Program Manager and JyotiBaidya, Monotoring and Evaluation Officer
Care Nepal
14. PWESCR 3rd Leadership Training
25-31 March, 2013
Dhulikhel, Kathmandu
KalpanaKarki,Regional Program Officer
PWESCR (The Programme on Women's Economic, Social and Cultural Rights)
15. International Land Coalition (ILC) Global Land Forum
18-30 April 2013
Antigua, Guatemala
Mr. Jagat Deuja, Program Manager
Asociacion Comité de Desarrollo Campesino (CODECA), Comité Campesino del Altiplano (CCDA), Coordinacion de ONG y Cooperativas (CONGCOOP), Unión Verapacense de Organizaciones Campesinas (UVOC), Oxfam-Guatemala and the International Land Coalition.
16. AFA 10th Annual Meeting and Regional Level Workshop
9-14 May 2013 Manila Phillipines
Mr. Puskar Acharya,Administration and Finance Coordinator
Asian Farmers Association(AFA) and Agriterra
17. Regional Training Program on Enhancing Civil Society Land Monitoring Effectiveness in Bangkok
7-10 May Bangkok Mr. Jagat Deuja, Program Manager
Asian NGO Coalition (ANGOC), Land Watch Asia
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ANNEX B : Case Study
Case I.
No need to go to Money – lender to take loan
Srijana VLRF was formed on 26 November 2006.The members of Shrijana VLRF Katase don’t have the situation now, where they have to go to moneylender to take loan for looking after their family. They have started increasing their earning by running collective farm, goat grazing and from monthly saving and loan. They have even started to increase the movement fund by utilizing eight thousand from collective farm and monthly saving and NPR 12,000 ($126) given by Care Nepal as a lunch expense while running reforestation project. A total of NPR 102,962($1078) has been deposited in the movement fund.In case of trouble, illness and any other family related works they take loan from the organization itself. Females are at ease for looking after their family due to movement fund of VLRF. Previously, the male members of the family used to go to moneylender to repay loan after returning from the work.
Later, they come up with the idea of Goat Grazing and sent proposal for help to an NGO named “ASAL CHIMEKI”. The NGO provided the financial help of NPR 200,000 ($2095). From which they purchased 40 goats and constructed the goatherd. Woman separated from their husband were given the responsibility by giving a salary of NPR 2,500($ 26). To provide salary to goatherd NPR 65($0.68) is collected from each members of the VLRF. Movement fund is collected NPR 5 ($0.05) per month. Grass for Goat Grazing is cultivated in the 0.33 ha land obtained from “Jagriti Mahila Samudayik Ban Upabhokta Samuha”. In the initiation of the VLRF itself, 42 students are receiving dress, copy, pen along with broom for cleanliness from the neighboring organization. All 40 families organized with “Jagriti Mahila Samudayik Ban Upabhokta Samuha” have received the membership.
Since the VLRF’s movement fund is increasing, Shrijana Agriculture Co-operatives has also been formed. In the total of NPR 102962($1078) of movement fund, NPR 68,000($712) loan has been invested in it. Further Planning has been made to do Turmeric Cultivation, building community building (Bhumi Ghar) and registering the co-operative by taking 0.3 ha land on lease with the help of Asal Chhimeki.
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Case II: VLRF Provided a Sense of Security
Yashoda Neupane- 32, is a resident of Hekuli-5, Salaura. Her family has been earning 0.96 ha of public land so far. The grazing animals disturbed villagers as they ate the drying crops. Yasodha when tried to chase away the animals from eating maize, got scold claiming that the land was public and nobody had any individual right over it and she cannot chase away the grazing animals.
Little land with them did not produce enough yields to feed the family. The family depended on share cropping at other people's barren land for their livelihood. But once the barren land was made productive through their hard work, the landlord sold the land and the family was left helpless.
Later the Village Land Rights Forum (VLRF) was formed in Hekuli. Campaign was initiated for acquisition of tilling certificate for the actual tillers. Through the campaign Yashoda Neupane received the tilling certificate of 0.63 ha of land from the VDC.
Yashoda feels secured after receiving the tilling certificate. She receives a receipt on tax, she pays annually to the VDC office. Agricultural association has also provided the manure and fertilizers on the basis of the tilling certificate. She says, 'Now no grazing animals disturb her crops'.
She has become the chairperson of the VLRF and member of DLRF. Recently a co-operative named 'Madhumuthi' has been initiated in the village and they are also planning for some cottage industries.
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ANNEX C: Photos
Village Block Land Certificate Received, Mahottari Mass Meeting (Bhumi Sabha), Kanchanpur District
Consultation Workshop on Formulation of National Land Policy Hairani Abhiyaan for Landless Identity Card
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ANNEX D: Media Clips
