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Land use: the competition between agriculture and other human activities

Date post: 03-Jan-2016
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Land use: the competition between agriculture and other human activities. Mr. Andrea Sisti , Italy President , Consiglio dell'Ordine Nazionale dei dottori agronomi e dottori forestali (CONAF). Introduction. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Land use: the competition between agriculture and other human activities Mr. Andrea Sisti , Italy President, Consiglio dell'Ordine Nazionale dei dottori agronomi e dottori forestali (CONAF)
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Page 1: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

Land use: the competition between agriculture and other human activities

 Mr. Andrea Sisti , Italy

President, Consiglio dell'Ordine Nazionale dei dottori agronomi e dottori forestali

(CONAF)

Page 2: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

                      Introduction

Page 3: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

• Of  the  five million  hectares,  for  natural  reasons,  only  1.6 million hectares  can  be  used  as  surfaces  on  which  to  cultivate  cereals, maize, vegetables, potatoes, rice, etc. 

•  • The  remaining  acres,  or  approximately  3.4  billion,  to  be  used  as 

meadows, pastures, meadows or steppes. •  • Globally  the UAA,  in  the  form of meadows  and  areas  planted,  is 

approximately five billion hectares. •  • Such  areas  cannot  be  further  extended  without  till  forests  or 

reclaim wetlands or swamps. 

Page 4: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

• For climate and biodiversity issues, these options are not viable alternatives.

 • The problem is aggravated because globally, 

we lose approximately one billion every year due  to  UAA  salinisation,  erosion  or  water shortage. 

Page 5: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

• In  fact,  next  to  almost  one  billion  undernourished people who need more food, there's more than one billion  people  suffering  from  excess  weight  and cause high health costs. 

• The  world's  population  increases  to  75  million people  per  year,  a  figure  that  corresponds  to  the total of the German population. 

• These people need to be able to eat them, too, with the  necessary  resources,  such  as  the  useful agricultural area (UAA) or water, are limited. 

Page 6: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

• As happened  to us during  the 20th  century,  today  in Asia  are more and more people who, thanks to the growing purchasing power, can afford to eat meat.

• Depending on the system, to produce one calorie of animal origin are, in fact, needed two to eight calories from the production of vegetable origin. 

• Or to produce one kilogram of wheat requires 1 ' 000 litres of water to produce one kilogram of beef do you need 15 ' 000. 

• Also the balance of greenhouse gas emissions of the flesh is generally unfavorably compared with that of products of plant origin. 

Page 7: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

The themeIt has developed a new phenomenon which is that of competition in the use of soils: for food;For livestock;for the agro-agro-industrial; finally subtracted from urbanization. 

Crisis factors can be substantial if you don't establish shared principles when using priority in using the soil.

The phenomenon of competition in the use of soils has The phenomenon of competition in the use of soils has a strategic importance.a strategic importance.

 

Page 8: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

Restrict livestock use of the soil

Page 9: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

• Aside from the fact that biologically humans is an omnivorous animal, and then, in biological evolution feeds in mixed mode, not all purely regimes do register a flora ecobalance better (see Carlson-Kanyama, 1998). 

• From  the  ecological  point  of  view,  the  alleged  respectively  agronomics  is inadequate. 

• Since, as mentioned, more than two-thirds of  the surface usable  for agriculture must  be  used  for  ecological  purposes  as  Prairies,  animals  are  needed who  are able to transform the plant material in the form of grass, grass silage or hay. 

• The man is not able to transform this plant material. 

• Cows,  goats,  sheep,  camels,  yak  and  water  buffalo  can  however  use  this roughage and produce milk and meat, precious foods, but also valuable  leather and wool. 

Page 10: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

• If  you withdraw  from  this nutritional potential,  the  food  situation of  the world's population would be more than precarious. 

• On  the  one  hand,  it  is  therefore  essential,  from  the  ethical  point  of  view,  take advantage of the green areas of our planet with the animals they eat roughage. 

• Secondly, with this meat consumption as a product of luxury is not ethically justified. In fact, if the animals they eat roughage become direct competitors for that man comes to power, the balance tips in favour of livestock production.

•  • As always in nature, it aims at a maximum optimization. 

• At  least  the  same  amount  of  products  of  animal  origin  obtained  from  the exploitation  of meadows  and  pastures,  should  fall  in  the  configuration  of man's rations. 

Page 11: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

Limit the use of «agro-energy» soil

Page 12: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

• Until 2025 and beyond is expected to further increase in demand vegetable raw materials for the production of agrofuels. 

• This phenomenon will be much more relevant with the progression of global growth and the replacement of fossil fuel with biofuels.

• An aggravating circumstance is also represented by the fact that climate change will test the adaptability of agricultural production worldwide.

Page 13: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

Limit the use of «agrochemical» soil

Page 14: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

•Until  2025  and  beyond  is  expected  to  further  increase  in demand  vegetable  raw  materials  for  industrial  process replacement of synthetic products (green chemistry). 

•This  phenomenon  will  be  much  more  important  with  the development  of  eco-sustainable  development  to  facilitate industrial processes which may be within the biological cycles of the natural environment. 

Page 15: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

Limiting soil sealing

Page 16: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

• Over the next 15 years it is expected a further depletion of natural resources. 

• Following the growth of world population and development of settlements by 2025 it is assumed that will be lost as a result of waterproofing, from 30 to 40 million hectares of farmland. 

• Since most of the city is built in fertile areas (coastal, mouth of rivers) the major needs of surfaces will be at the expense of the land grow good quality.

•  The World Bank also believes that every year will be lost by 5 to 10 million hectares of land to grow due to the strong degradation. 

• According to estimates from FAO and OECD, it will be possible to allocate to agriculture more 500 million hectares of agricultural land.

•  However, this will require considerable investment and yields of such areas are below average. • It is conceivable, therefore, that over the next 15 years will be for agriculture over 100 million hectares, 

corresponding to about 7 per cent of agricultural land is managed globally

Page 17: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

Conclusions and Proposals

Page 18: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

• It is therefore necessary to establish skills and strategies aimed at optimizing the use of resources tending to decrease in intensity of use of soil and water with simultaneous improvement in the percentage of use of goods produced. 

• In essence if from a hectare of retracts 8 t of wheat this in its supply chain process makes for human consumption if they are using the 55% the rest is discarded.

•  • Need to program better and manage the gap from the outset. Since 

natural resources are limited, you must make more progress in resource efficiency in agriculture and food sectors. 

• Order the productive chains on a global scale, and then bring the process on a local scale means preserving the use of soil and water use. 

Page 19: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

• This means,  for  example,  that  by  the  same  surface  can be produced when  food and energy or green chemistry or animal feed. 

• To do this you must invest more resources in research, innovation and advice. 

• Need to develop knowledge networks to improve the preparation of agronomists and constitute a world observers professionals on the use of soil and water resources. 

• The AMIA would take on this task. 

• This tool would allow our society to urge countries to orient their agricultural policies on the concept of bio-economy:

•  that doesn't mean other that multifunctionality of land use and production chains. 

Page 20: Land  use: the  competition between agriculture  and  other  human  activities

Thanks for your attention


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