Landscape Related Measures of the Austrian Agricultural Policy

for the Period 2014-2020

17th Landscape and Landscape Ecology SymposiumNitra 2015

Klaus WagnerFederal Institute of Agricultural Economics

Viennaklaus.wagner@awi.bmlfuw.gv.at

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Content

EU Common Agricultural Policy Objectives

Austrian CAP Objectives

General CAP Impacts on Landscapes

Austrian CAP measures and potential impacts

Conclusions

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Common Strategic Framework for Cohesion Policy11 thematic objectives, e.g. research and development, communication, climate

change, transport, environmental and resource efficiency …

Europe Strategy 2020 Smart, inclusive and sustainable growth +

5 objectives on employment, innovation, education, social integration, climate and energy

NationalPartnership Agreements

Other Funds(regional, social, fisheries…)

European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD)

European Guidance and Guarantee Fund (EAGF)

EU CAP Objectives

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6 priorities of rural development (divided into 18 focus areas):

knowledge transfer, innovation viability and competitiveness of agricultural enterprises

organisation of the food chain ecosystems

resource-efficiencysocial inclusion, poverty

3 objectives: viable food production, sustainable management of natural resources and climate change, balanced territorial development +

3 cross cutting issues: innovation, environment, climate change

Rural Development Programs of the Member States with concrete objectives and measures

EU CAP Objectives

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Austrian CAP Objectives

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

pillar 1 pillar 2

Yearly payments in billion € Rural Development in percent of total CAP payments

0

5

10

15

20

Agrienvironment and ClimateLess Favoured AreasInvestmentsOrganic FarmingServices

Direct Payments Market

Regulation

Rural Development

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General CAP Impacts on Landscapes

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CAP influences:

• Area management, pasture management

• Intensity of land use

• Varieties of crops, breeds of livestock

• Crop rotation

• Types of cultivation, types of livestock

• Management of enterprises, landscapes

Economic and

ecological effects

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General CAP Impacts on Landscapes

Consequences Direct – indirect

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General CAP Impacts on Landscapes

Consequences short term – long term

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General CAP Impacts on Landscapes

Consequences seasonal – permanent

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General CAP Impacts on Landscapes

Consequences on the spot – scenery

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Austrian CAP measures and potential impacts (1)

Direct payments (for agricultural managed areas arable land, grassland, alpine

pastures)

Greening (crop rotation, ecological priority areas = set aside or catch crops or

legominous crops, preserving permanent grassland)

Market regulations (for meat, apiculture, wine, sugar, fruits, vegetables)

Abolition of the Milk quota (?)

First Pillar

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Austrian CAP measures and potential impacts (2)

Knowledge transfer, Information

Extension services

Food quality

Investments

Development of farm enterprises

Services and village renewal

Forest investments and improvement

Second Pillar (15 measures with sub-measures)

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Austrian CAP measures and potential impacts (3)

• environmental friendly management • reduction of mineral fertilizers• renunciation of fungicides and growth

regulators for cereals• rare cultivated plants• endangered livestock breeds• green cover and catch crops on arable

land• mulch and direct seeding• soil close scattering of slurry• erosion protection fruits vineyards,

hop• renunciation of pesticides on vineyards

and hop

Second Pillar

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• renunciation of silage of green feed• beneficial insects in protected cultivation• management of mountain-meadows• alpine pasturing and shepherding• preventive groundwater protection• management of eluviation endangered arable

land• preventive surface water protection on arable

land• nature protection (sub-measures

management plan, landscape elements, management of meadows, pastures, arable land, set aside of arable land)

Agri-environment, climate (19 measures with sub-measures, variants!):

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Austrian CAP measures and potential impacts (4)

Organic farming

Natura 2000

Less favoured areas (mountain farming)

Animal welfare

Forest environmental and climate measures

Cooperation

Leader

Second Pillar

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Conclusions

Sophisticated system !...

Confusing in implementation, monitoring and evaluation because of a lot of

objectives, measures, variants, specific regulations

Various effects on landscape and landscape ecology

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