LARYNGITIS & EPIGLOTTITIS
Presented by: Michelle Aguilar, Marissa Aguilera & Jacqueline RomoPeriod#8
What is it?
Laryngitis is a lower respiratory infection that creates minor inflammation of the larynx and the surrounding tissues
Epiglottitis is a lower respiratory infection which causes inflammation on the small cartilage which covers you windpipe, blocking airflow into lungs.
EtiologyLaryngitis Epiglottitis
Causative agents: rhinoviruses.
Gram negative Common causes are
the common cold & the flu.
You can also get it from the overuse of your voice, irritation from allergies, or if the vocal cords become infected and swell.
Causative agents: Haemophilus influenza (Hib) and streptococci
Gram negative Causes are bacterial
infection strains such as streptococcus, pneumococcus, staphylococcus and klebsiella.
Epiglottitis Gram Stain
Epidemiology Laryngitis Epiglottitis
It is most common amongst males and any age between 18-40 years of age.
It is most common in the early spring
Commonly seen amongst 2-7 year olds, particularly the males.
May get it at any age Not very common in
the U.S. There is 1 case per
100,000 people per year.
Mode of Transmission Laryngitis
Epiglottitis Laryngitis itself is not
transmitted, but the viruses that often cause laryngitis can be passed from person to person or by aerosol droplets.
Spreads through inflected water droplets that are coughed or sneezed into the air.
Symptoms Laryngitis
Epiglottitis Symptoms of
laryngitis include: hoarseness dry or sore throat coughing trouble swallowing
Symptoms of epiglottitis include: sore throat hoarseness high fever trouble swallowing shortness of
breath wheezing drooling
Diagnostic Tests Laryngitis
Epiglottitis The diagnosis is
made at doctors office by examination. This brief examination will include looking for lumps and inflammation in the throat.
Diagnosis includes several tests such as Throat
examinations chest or neck x-ray throat culture and
blood tests pulse oximeter
Treatment for Laryngitis Acute laryngitis gets
better on its own within in about a week
For chronic laryngitis, it targets the underlying cause like heartburn, smoking, or excessive use of alcohol.
Medication such as antibiotics or corticosteroids are commonly used. Antibiotics wont help
because laryngitis is viral not bacterial.
Corticosteroids help reduce inflammation & are used inly when there’s an urgent need to treat laryngitis (like to sing, give a speech)
A couple of home remedies include Breathe moist air Rest your voice Drink lots of fluids Moisten your throat Avoid decongestants
Normal Vocal Cords
Acute Laryngitis
Treatment for Epiglottitis 1st make sure you
can breathe Wearing a mask Breathing tube in the
windpipe through the mouth/nose
Inserting a needle into the trachea
Treating the infection involves intravenous antibiotics after you get enough air Broad-spectrum
antibiotics for quick treatment rather than waiting for blood results
More targeted antibiotics depending the cause for the epiglottitis.
PreventionLaryngitis Epiglottitis
Prevent dryness or irritation of vocal cords
Don’t smoke Limit alcohol & caffeine Drink lots of water Avoid clearing your throat
Does more harm by causing abnormal vibration of vocal cords & swelling
Avoid upper respiratory infection with good hygiene
Hib vaccine (Haemophilus influenza) is the effective way to prevent epiglottitis Received in 3-4 doses
(2months , 4m, 6m[if given in 4 doses] and 12-15months.
CDC recommend vaccinate people whose immune systems are weakened by HIV/AIDS, chemotherapy, spleen removed, & sickle cell disease.
Don’t share personal items
Wash hands
Video
Laryngitis http://youtu.be/Rg09vEZks9c
Epiglottitis http://m.youtube.com/watch?
v=CIO7yUeb-T0
References (28 June. 2012). Laryngitis Treatments and drugs Diseases and Conditions Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 01 May 2014. from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/laryngitis/basics/treatment/con-20021565. (28 June. 2012). Laryngitis Lifestyle and home remedies Diseases and Conditions Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 01 May 2014. from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/laryngitis/basics/lifestyle-home-remedies/con-20021565. (28 June. 2012). Laryngitis Prevention Diseases and Conditions Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 01 May 2014. from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/laryngitis/basics/prevention/con-20021565. (02 Oct. 2012). Epiglottitis Treatments and drugs Diseases and Conditions Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 01 May 2014. from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/epiglottitis/basics/treatment/con-20027854. (02 Oct. 2012). Epiglottitis Prevention Diseases and Conditions Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 01 May 2014. from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/epiglottitis/basics/prevention/con-20027854. (10 Feb. 2007). Haemophilus influenzae infections Blue Book Infectious Diseases Epidemiology & Surveillance Department of Health Victoria Australia. Health. Retrieved 01 May 2014. from http://ideas.health.vic.gov.au/bluebook/haemophilus.asp. (2014). Epiglottitis Symptoms Diseases and Conditions PDR Health. PDR Health. Retrieved 01 May 2014. from http://www.pdrhealth.com/diseases/epiglottitis/symptoms. (2014). Epiglottitis Diagnosis Diseases and Conditions PDR Health. PDR Health. Retrieved 01 May 2014. from http://www.pdrhealth.com/diseases/epiglottitis/diagnosis. (02 Oct. 2012). Epiglottitis Causes Diseases and Conditions Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 01 May 2014. from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/epiglottitis/basics/causes/con-20027854. (21 Jan. 2011). The Larynx. The National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health . Retrieved 04 May 2014 from http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/wyntk/larynx/page2 (09 Oct. 2012). Laryngitis . WebD. Retrieved 04 May 2014. from http://www.webmd.com/cold-and-flu/laryngitis (2013). ENT Laryngitis Dr. Tal Dagan. Dagan MD NYC. Retrieved 04 May 2014. from http://www.myfacesurgeon.com/ent-home/laryngitis/.