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LATIN WORD ELEMENTS IN ENGLISH
Edition-01
By: Md. Makhjanul Islam Tauhid.
Contact: 01196103435 & also at:
Latin Root(s)/citation
form
English sourceDefinition(s) Example(s) of Root(s)
acerbus, acris, acuere
acerb,acu,acri,aci sharp, to
sharpen, needle, bitter
Acerbate- Cause to be bitter or resentful; To irritate. Acerbic- Bitter and sour. Acumen- Quickness of perception, sharpness. Acupuncture- Treatment of pain or disease by inserting the tips of needles at specific points on the skin. Acuity- Sharpness (eg of mind, vision, etc) .Acrimony - A rough and bitter manner. Acidulate- Make sour or sourer. Acidophilic-(Especially of some bacteria) growing well in an acid medium.
aequare equ to make
equal, even
Equivocate- use ambiguous words and expressions to mislead. Adequate- Having the requisite qualities or resources to meet a task. Equilibrium - A stable situation in which forces cancel one another. Equability-the condition of being uniform or equal. Equalitarian- A person who believes in the equality of all people. Equanimity- Evenness of mind or temper; the ability to stay cool in danger. Equative- Denoting identity or equivalence.
aevum eval
age
Coeval- Of the same period. Medieval - Relating to or belonging to the Middle Ages. Primeval- earliest, first, original, early, old, ancient, prehistoric, primitive.
ager, agri, agro agr
field Agrestic- Characteristic of the fields or country. Agronomy- The application of
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soil and plant sciences to land management and crop production.
agere, actum, agitare
agi,act,age to act, to doAgility- The gracefulness of a person or animal that is quick and nimble. Agitate - Try to stir up public opinion.
alius ali
other, else
Alias- A name that has been assumed temporarily. Alienate - Arouse hostility or indifference where there had formerly been love, affection, or friendliness.
alter alter,adul other
Altercation- Noisy quarrel. Alter ego- the other self; A very close and trusted friend who seems almost a part of yourself. Adulterate- Mixed with impurities. Adulate-Flatter other person in an obsequious manner. Adultery-Extramarital sex that willfully and maliciously interferes with marriage relations.
altus alt high
Altimeter- An instrument that measures the height above ground; used in navigation. Exaltation- A state of being carried away by overwhelming emotion. Alto - The highest adult male singing voice, above tenor.
ambulare ambto walk, to go
Preamble- A preliminary statement or introduction. Ambulatory - Relating to or adapted for walking. Amble-Walk at an easy pace.
amare, amor, amatum, amicus
amat,ami,amo
to love, love, friend
Amateur- Someone who pursues a study or sport as a pastime. Amiable- friendly and pleasant in temperament; likeable. Amicable-In friendly spirit. Enamored- Marked by foolish or unreasoning fondness.
anima anim life, soul,
breath, mind
Animism-The attribution of a soul to natural objects and phenomena. Animosity-A feeling of ill will arousing active hostility. Inanimate- Appearing dead; not breathing or having no perceptible pulse. Unanimous - In complete agreement.
annus
enni/anni
year Biennial-Recurring every two years. Centennial-a hundredth anniversary. Bicentennial - of or relating to an age or period of 200 years. Perennial -
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lasting through many years.
apparere appa,appe to come forth, be visible
Apparent- Clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment, appearance- Outward or visible aspect of a person or thing.
aptare, aptus, apere apt,ept
to fit, suitable
Aptitude-A natural propensity or talent. Adaptable-adjective able to adjust to new conditions. Ineptitude -having or showing no skill.
aqua aqua water
Aqueous-Similar to, containing or dissolved in water. Aquarelle-a painting in thin, usu. transparent watercolors. Aquatic- Relating to water. Aqueduct - a pipeline for water
arbiter arbit judge
Arbitration-(law) the hearing and determination of a dispute by an impartial referee agreed to by both parties (often used to settle disputes between labor and management). Arbitrary-based on random choice or personal whim, rather than any reason or system.
arbor arbor
tree
Arboretum-A facility where trees and shrubs are cultivated for exhibition. Arboreal-Of or relating to or formed by trees, Arborist - someone working with trees. Arbor - a shady area formed by trees. Arborous - having many trees.
ardere ardu,ardo to burnArduous-Steep; difficult to climb;Difficult to accomplish. Ardor- zeal, burning enthusiasm, passion.
artis art art
Artifice-clever or cunning devices or expedients, esp. as used to trick or deceive others. Artifact-A product of human art and workmanship. Artisan - a person skilled in a craft.
audire aud to hear Audit-An official examination and verification of accounts. Audible - loud enough to be heard. Audiovisual - relating to sound and vision.
augere
aug
to increase Augmentation- the action or process of making or becoming greater in size or amount. Augur-Be a sign of something to come, esp. something important or bad, (increase the
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possibility of something to happen). August-inspiring reverence and admiration.
avis avi
bird
Avionics-Science and technology of electronic systems and devices for aeronautics and astronautics. Aviation-the flying or operating of aircraft. Aviary-a large cage, building, or enclosure for keeping birds in. Avian-of or relating to birds. Aviatrix - a female airplane pilot.
beatus beat blessed, happy
Beatific-Making blessed; imparting supreme happiness. Beatitude-Blessedness.
bellare, bellum
belli to wage war, war
Rebellious-Resisting control or authority. Bellicose- inclined to war or fighting; warlike. Belligerent - hostile, ready to fight. Rebel - person who opposes and fights.
bene bene well
Beneficent- Generous in assistance to the poor. Benefactor - person who gives money to a cause. Beneficial - producing a good effect. Benevolent - showing kindness or goodwill. Benediction-The act of praying for divine protection.
bonus, bon bon good
Bonanza-An especially rich vein of precious ore; A sudden happening that brings good fortune (as a sudden opportunity to make money). Bonny-Very pleasing to the eye. Bon voyage -An organized expression of goodwill at the start of a trip or new venture.
brevis brev short, brief
Abbreviate-shorten esp. represent (a word etc.) by a part of it. Breviary-(Roman Catholic Church) a book of prayers to be recited daily certain priests and members of religious orders.
cadere
cad,cid
fall Recidivism-Habitual relapse into crime. Cascade-A small waterfall, typically one of several that falls in stages down a steep rocky slope. Cadaver-A human corpse, esp one used for organ transplant or
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dissection. Decadent -State of decay.
caedere, cide
cid,cis to cut, kill Incision-The act of cutting in, esp (surgery) into the soft tissues of the body. Pesticide- A chemical used to kill pests (as rodents or insects).
canere, cantare, cantus
cant,chant
to sing
Recant- withdraws and renounces (a former belief or statement) as erroneous or heretical. Chant-a spoken singsong phrase, esp. one performed in unison by a crowd etc. Cantata -a short narrative or descriptive composition with vocal solos and usu. chorus and orchestral accompaniment.
capere, captum, cip, cept
cap,cep,cip,ceiv, to take,
hold, contain
Capacious-Large in capacity. Incipient-Beginning, coming into existence. Intercept-To stop and seize on the way from one place to another. Participate-To have a share, or take part (in). Captive-a person or animal that has been taken prisoner or confined. Conceive-Have the idea for. Precept -A general rule intended to regulate behavior or thought.
caput, capitis cap,chap head
Cape-A covering for the shoulders attached as a tippet to a coat or cloak. Bicipital-Two-headed.
carnis carn flesh
Carnal-Of the body or flesh; worldly. Carnival-A festival marked by merrymaking and processions. Incarnate-To embody in flesh, give human form to. Carnivore-A terrestrial or aquatic flesh-eating mammal.
cavare, cavus
cav to make hollow
Cavernous-A large cave or a large underground chamber. Cavity-A hollow. Excavate-Recover through digging.
Cerebrum cerb-
brain; that part of the brain that is concerned with the coordination of body movements
Cerebral - pertaining to the brain. Cerebrate - to use the brain. Cerebrospinal - pertaining to the brain and the spinal cord
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cedere, cessum
ced,ces to go, withdraw, move
Concession-yielding to something; giving-up; surrender. Recede-go or move back or further away from a previous position. Exceed - to go beyond the limits. Accessible - easily entered, approached, or obtained.
Capio,cipiocap-,cep-,-cip-,-cept- take
Accept - to take a thing that is offered. Perceive - to take notice of something.
centrum
centr
center
Concentric-of or denoting circles, arcs, or other shapes that share the same center, the larger often completely surrounding the smaller. Concentrate- focus one's attention or mental effort on a particular object or activity. Egocentric - self-centered. Eccentric - not having a common center, not according to norm. Centrifugal - moving outward from a center.
centum, centi
centi hundred, tenth, ten
Centurion- the commander of a century in the ancient Roman army.
cernere, certus
cern,certto see as being different, to sift, distinguish
Discern- perceive or recognize (something). Certitude-absolute certainty or conviction that something is the case.
civis, civilis civ,cit citizen, community
Civic-of or relating to a city or town, esp. its administration. Civility- formal politeness and courtesy in behavior or speech.
clamare, clamor,clar
clalr,clam to shout, cry out acclaim, clear, to make clear
Reclamation- Seek the return of (one's property, etc.). Clarity-Free from obscurity and easy to understand; the comprehensibility of clear expression. Claret-a deep purplish-red color. Clamor - to shout and make noise. Proclamation - something announced officially in public. Clarification - an explanation.
claudere, clausum
clus.clois,clo
to shut, close
Recluse-a person who lives a solitary life and tends to avoid other people. Cloister-A covered walk, often with a wall on one side and a colonnade open to a quadrangle on the other, esp. in a convent, monastery, or
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cathedral. Enclosure-An area that is sealed off with an artificial or natural barrier. Exclusion - shutting out, rejecting. Seclude - to keep away from; isolating.
clemens clem mild,
merciful
Clemency-mildness; ready to forgive; gentle; kind; (of weather) temperate and comfortable. Inclement- (of the weather or climate) severe, esp. cold, rainy, or stormy.
clinare clin to lean, slope
Clinometers-An instrument used by surveyors in order to measure an angle of inclination or elevation. Incline-To lean forward or downward. Inclination - a leaning toward. Recline - to lean back and relax. Decline-become smaller, fewer, or less; decrease.
colare col,cul to strain, filter
Portcullis-Gate consisting of an iron or wooden grating that hangs in the entry to a castle or fortified town; can be lowered to prevent passage. Percolate- (of liquid etc.) filter or ooze gradually (esp. through a porous surface); (of an idea etc.) permeate gradually. Colander- a perforated metal or plastic container, used to strain off liquids.
colere, cultus
cult, col to till, care, cultivate
Cult- A system of religious beliefs and rituals often false and cultivated. Analculture- A mixed bacterial culture; especially, one used in the preparation of autogenous vaccines. Apiculture- The raising and care of bees for commercial or agricultural purposes. Colonize- To migrate to and settle in; occupy as a colony. Cultigens- A cultivated plant of unknown or obscure taxonomic origin.
coquere, coctum coc,cook to cook, to
mature
Precocious- Often derogatory (of a person, esp. a child and action) prematurely developed in some faculty or characteristic; (of plant) (of a plant) flowering or fruiting early. Concoction- a mixture of various ingredients or elements.
cor, cordis heart Cordial- warm and friendly. Accord- Page 7 of 22
cord,cour (of a concept or fact) be harmonious or consistent with.
corium cori skin, hide Excoriate- To strip the skin from; to criticize severely.
corona coro crown
Corona- A crown or crown-like structure. Coronation- the act or ceremony of crowning a sovereign or a sovereign's consort. Coronary- (of blood vessels, nerves, etc.) resembling or encircling like a crown.
corpus corp body
Corporeal- Having material or physical form or substance. Corporation - a company recognized by law as a single body. Corpse - a dead body. Corporal - pertaining to the body.
credere, credens
credto believe, trust
Credentials- A document attesting to the truth of certain stated facts. Credence - belief that something is true or valid. Credulous - believing things too easily, gullible. Incredible – unbelievable.
crescere, cretum
cres,cret, to grow
Crescendo- (music) a gradual increase in loudness. Concretism- A representation of an abstract idea in concrete terms. Accretion- An increase by natural growth or addition.
crimen crimcrime, offense
Criminology- The scientific study of crime and criminal behaviour and law enforcement. Incriminate - Suggest that someone is guilty.
cruciare, crux, crucis cruc,curx to torture,
cross
Excruciating- Extremely painful. Crusade- an organized campaign concerning a political, social, or religious issue, typically motivated by a fervent desire for change.
culpare culp to blame,
fault
Culpable- Deserving blame or censure as being wrong or evil or injurious. Exculpate- show or declare that (someone) is not guilty of wrongdoing.
cumulare cumul to heap up Accumulate - to gather or pile up. Cumulative - gradually building up.
curare, cura, curatus cur
to take care of, concern
Curate- a member of the clergy engaged as assistant to a vicar, rector, or parish priest. Manicure- a
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cosmetic treatment of the hands involving cutting, shaping, and often painting of the nails, removal of the cuticles, and softening of the skin.
currere, cursus, cour
cur,cour to run, go Precursor- a person or thing that comes before another of the same kind; a forerunner. Concur- Be in accord; be in agreement.
dens, dentis den,don tooth
Denture- A dental appliance that artificially replaces missing teeth. Endodontia- The branch of dentistry dealing with diseases of the dental pulp. Dentifrice- A substance for cleaning the teeth; applied with a toothbrush.
deus, dei dei
god
Deify- Consider as a god or godlike. Deity- Any supernatural being worshipped as controlling some part of the world or some aspect of life or who is the personification of a force. Deism- The form of theological rationalism that believes in God on the basis of reason without reference to revelation.
dexter, dextro dextr,dext right, right
hand Ambidextrous- Equally skilful with each hand. Dextrorotation- Rotation to the right.
dicere, dictare
dict,dic to speak, say
Abdicate- Give up, such as power, as of monarchs and emperors, or duties and obligations. Indict- Accuse formally of a crime. Contradict - to express the opposite of. Prediction - a statement foretelling the future. Dictate - to speak out loud for another person to write down.
dignus dignworthy, fitting, suitable
Condign- Fitting or appropriate and deserved; used especially of punishment. Dignitary- An important or influential (and often overbearing) person.
dirigere, directus dirig,direct to direct
Dirge- A song or hymn of mourning composed or performed as a memorial to a dead person. Dirigible- Capable of being steered or directed.
docere, doctum doc,doct
to teach Docent- Serving to instruct; teaching. Doctrine - A belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by
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some group or school.
dominus dom lord, master Domineering - excessively controlling. Predominate - to have more power than others.
domus dom a dwelling, home
Domesticity- home or family life. Major-domo- the chief steward of a large household.
donare, do don to give, to forgive
Condone- accept and allow (behavior that is considered morally wrong or offensive) to continue. Donee-The person to whom a gift is made.
dormire, dorm
dorm to sleep
Dormitory- A large sleeping-room with many beds; a resting place. Condorm-to sleep together. Dormant-lying asleep; inactive. Dormifacient- Bringing about sleep or aiding in attaining sleep; a dormifacient agent.
ducere, ductum
duc,duct
to lead, take, bring
Abduct- (crime) take away to an undisclosed location against their will and usually in order to extract a ransom. Seduction- Enticing someone astray from right behavior. Conducive- making a certain situation or outcome likely or possible. Conduct - to lead musicians in playing music. Deduction - a subtraction of an amount.
durare, durus dur to harden,
hard
Obdurate- stubbornly refusing to change one's opinion or course of action. Duress - Compulsory force or threat. Durable - having the quality of lasting. Enduring - able to last.
ego egofirst person, singular pronoun
Egoistic - self-centered. Alter ego - a higher aspect of oneself. Egomania - excessive preoccupation with oneself.
errare, erratum err to wander,
go astray
Aberration- A state or condition markedly different from the norm. Err- To make a mistake or be incorrect. Erratic- not even or regular in pattern or movement; unpredictable.
fabula fabl story Confabulate- engage in conversation; talk. Fable- a short story, typically with animals as characters, conveying a moral.
facere, factum, fac,fact,fix,f
to make, to do
Manufacture- the making of articles on a large scale using machinery.
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fect, fic ec Facsimile- an exact copy, esp. of written or printed material.
fallere fal to deceive, disappoint
Fallacious- A mistaken belief, esp. based on unsound argument. Infallible- Incapable of error.
ferre, latum fer,lat to bear, to carry
Relate- Make a logical or causal connection. Confer - to bring an honor to someone.
fervere ferv to boil, glow, rage
Fervor- Feelings of great warmth and intensity. Effervescent- (of a liquid) giving off bubbles; fizzy.
fidere, fidelis, fides
fid, to trust, believe, faith
Perfidy- deceitfulness; untrustworthiness. Confide - place trust in someone. Fidelity – faithfulness. Fiduciary - a trustee.
finire, finis, fin
fini to end, to limit
Infinity- Time without end. Finite-bounded or limited. Confinement- imprisonment, internment, custody, detention.
firmare firmto make firm, strengthen
Affirm- firm, corroborate. Firmament- the heavens or the sky, esp. when regarded as a tangible thing.
flectere, flexus flect,flex to bend
Deflect - to bend course because of hitting something. Inflection - a bending in the voice's tone or pitch.
fluere, fluxum, fluctus
flux,flu to flow
Confluence- the junction of two rivers, esp. rivers of approximately equal width. Effluvium- an unpleasant or harmful odor, secretion, or discharge. Influx- An arrival or entry of large numbers of people or things. Flume- A narrow gorge with a stream running through it.
fortis fort strong Fort- (military) a fortified military post where troops are stationed. Fortify- Make strong or stronger.
frangere, fractum
frang,fractto break
Frangible- Capable of being broken. Infringement- the action of breaking the terms of a law, agreement, etc.; violation. Fracture - a break. Fragile - easy to break.
frater frat brother Fraternal- Of or like a brother or brothers. Fraternize - associate or form a friendship with someone, esp. when one is not supposed to.
fugere, to flee Centrifugal- moving or tending to Page 11 of 22
fugitum fug
move away from a center. Fugue- Music a contrapuntal composition in which a short melody or phrase (the subject) is introduced by one part and successively taken up by others and developed by interweaving the parts. Fugitive - a person who is running away. Refuge - a sheltered place to flee to. Refugee - a person seeking protection.
fumus fum
smoke
Fumitory- an Old World plant with spikes of small tubular pink or white flowers and finely divided grayish leaves, often considered a weed. Fumaroles- an opening in or near a volcano, through which hot sulfurous gases emerge.
generare, genus1
gen
birth, origin, race, species, kind, to beget, produce
Generic- Characteristic of or relating to an entire class; general, not specific or special. Engender- cause or give rise to (a feeling, situation, or condition). Genealogy - the study of the history of a family.
glomerare glomto form into a ball
Conglomeration- A number of different things, parts or items that are grouped together. Agglomerate- a mass of things collected together.
gnoscere, cognoscere, gnarus, cognitum
cogn,gnos,gnar
to know
Gnostic- of or relating to knowledge, esp. esoteric mystical knowledge. Cognition - process of acquiring knowledge. Incognito - disguised so no one knows you.
gratia, gratus grat agreeable,
favor, thanks
Gratitude- the quality of being thankful; readiness to show appreciation for and to return kindness. Gratify - to please someone. Gratuity - a tip, token of appreciation.
gravare, gravis
grav to weigh down, heavy
Aggravate- Make worse. Gravamen- the essence or most serious part of a complaint or accusation. Gravid- technical pregnant; carrying eggs or young.
grex, gregis, gregar
greg,grex
flock, herd, to gather into a flock
Segregate-Separate by race or religion; practice a policy of racial segregation. Congregation- A group of people who adhere to a common faith and habitually attend a
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given church. Gregarious-Instinctively or temperamentally seeking and enjoying the company of others.
habere, habitum hab,hib to have, hold
Inhibit-To put down by force or authority. Inhabit-Be an inhabitant of; spend most of one's life in. Prohibit-Tending to discourage (especially of prices) to hold.
haerere here to stickCoherence-Logical, orderly, and consistent relation of parts. Adhere-Be compatible or in accordance with.
herba herb grass, herb
Herbaceous-(botany) characteristic of a nonwoody herb or plant part. Herbicide - any chemical used to kill unwanted plants, etc. Herbivorous - plant-eating. Herbal - relating to plants.
hilarare, hilaris
hila to gladden, merry
Hilarious-extremely amusing. Exhilarate-Fill with sublime emotion.
homo homi manHomicidal-The killing of a human being by another. Hominine-Characteristic of humankind.
horrere hor to shudder, terrible
Horrendous-Causing fear, dread or terror. Abhor- detest; regard with disgust and hatred.
infra-, infero-, infer infra
under, below, beneath
Infrastructure - underlying framework of a system. Infrared - below the regular light spectrum.
judex, judicare jud judge
Judicial - having to do with judges or courts of law. Judiciary - a system of courts of law.
jungere, junctum
jung,junct to join Disjunction - a disconnection. Junction - a place where two things join.
jus, juris, jurare
jur,just law, right, to swear
Jurisprudence- the theory or philosophy of law; a legal system. Abjure-Formally reject or disavow a formerly held belief, usually under pressure. Perjury-Criminal offence of making false statements under oath.
juvenis juven youngJuvenescent-Growing or becoming young. Juvenile - youthful or childish. Rejuvenate - to bring back to youthful strength or appearance.
laudare, laudatum
laud to praise, glory Laudable-Worthy of high praise.
lavare to wash Lavender-A small aromatic evergreen Page 13 of 22
lav
shrub of the mint family, with narrow leaves and bluish-purple flowers. Laver-a washing or fountain basin; a font. Lavish-Giving or producing in large quantities; profuse. Lavabo- the ritual washing of the celebrant's hands at the offertory of the Mass.
laxare laxto loosen, widen Laxity-Not sufficiently strict or severe.
legere, lectum3
leg,lec,lit to read, choose, gather
Elegant- Refined and tasteful in appearance, behaviour or style. Elite-A group or class of persons enjoying superior intellectual or social or economic status. Dialect-The usage or vocabulary that is characteristic of a specific group of people. Legend-A story about mythical or supernatural beings or event.
lex, legis, legalis3
lex,leg law
Privilege-A special right or advantage available only to a particular person or a group of people. Illegitimate-Contrary to or forbidden by law. Legislature-Persons, who make, amend or repeal laws.
liber libe,libr book
Libel- Law a published false statement that is damaging to a person's reputation; a written defamation. Libretto- the text of an opera or other long vocal work.
liber liber free Liberate - to set free. Libertine - a person with a free, wild lifestyle.
ligare lig.leg to bind
Allegiance- loyalty or commitment of a subordinate to a superior or of an individual to a group or cause. Allay- state formally cooperating with another for a military or other purpose, typically by treaty. Oblige-make (someone) legally or morally bound to an action or course of action. Ligature-A thing used for tying or binding something tightly.
littera lit,let letterObliterate- destroy utterly; wipe out. Literati-well-educated people who are interested in literature.
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loqui, locutus
loc,loq speak, talk
Soliloquy-Speech you make to yourself. Loquacious-Full of trivial conversation. Circumlocution-the use of many words where fewer would do, esp. in a deliberate attempt to be vague or evasive. Eloquent - speaking beautifully and forcefully .Elocution - art of public speaking.
lucere, lux, lucis, lumen
lux,luc,lum to shine, light
Translucent-Allowing light to pass through diffusely. Lucifer-A planet (usually Venus) seen just before sunrise in the eastern sky. Luminous -Softly bright or radiant. Elucidate - to explain, to throw light on. Lucid - easily understood, giving off light. Translucent - allowing light through, Illuminate - to fill with light. Lumen - unit measuring light.
ludere, lusum, ludus
lus,lud to play, to mock
Interlude-a temporary amusement or entertaining episode. Ludicrous- absurd or ridiculous; laughable. Prelude - introduction to the major performance. Illusion - misleading optical image or impression; delude - to mislead, deceive.
luna luna/u moon
Lunate-crescent-shaped. Lunula-A crescent-shaped mark, esp. the white area at the base of the fingernail. Lunar - relating to the moon. Lunarscape - the surface of the moon. Lunatic - insane (as if driven mad by the moon).
magnus, magna
magngreat
Magnanimous-nobly generous; not petty in feelings or conduct. Magnificent – grand. Magnate - a powerful person, especially in business or industry.
malus, mal
mal,mal
bad, evil, wrong
Malevolent-wishing evil to others. Malfeasance-Law evildoing; illegal action. Grand mal- a serious form of epilepsy with loss of consciousness (compare petit mal). Malcontent - wrong content. Malicious - showing strong ill will.
mandare, mando mand to order, to
commandMandate-An official order or commission to do something. Commandment-a divine command.
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manus, mani, man
mani hand
Emancipate- set free, esp. from legal, social, or political restrictions. Manumit- Free from slavery or servitude. Maneuver - to move by hand Manuscript - a book written by hand.
mare mar sea
Marina - a harbor for pleasure boats. Maritime - relating to the sea; submarine - an undersea boat. Aquamarine - blue-green in color, like sea water.
matermater,matr
motherMaternity - the state of being a mother. matriarch - a woman head of a household.
medius, medio
med,mid middleMedieval - pertaining to the Middle Ages. Mediocre - only of medium (inferior) quality. Midriff - the area between the chest and the waist.
mens men/t mind Mentation-The process of using your mind to consider something carefully.
migraremigr to move
from one place to another
Migratory-A change of abode. Emigrant-Someone who leaves one country to settle in another. Immigrant - a person who moves to a new country to settle. Migrant - person who moves from place to place. Migration - the process of moving.
militare mili to serve as soldiers
Demilitarize-remove all military forces from (an area). Militia-a military force that is raised from the civil population to supplement a regular army in an emergency.
mirare, miror, mirari
mira to look at, to wonder at
Mirage-an optical illusion caused by atmospheric conditions, esp. the appearance of a sheet of water in a desert or on a hot road caused by the refraction of light from the sky by heated air.
mittere, missum
mit,misto send, let, go
Emissary-Someone sent on a mission to represent the interests of someone else. Remit-Send (money) in payment; hold back for a later time. Commissary-(military) a retail store that sells equipment and provisions (usually to military personnel).
monere, to warn Admonition-Cautionary advice about Page 16 of 22
monitusmoni something imminent (especially
imminent danger or other unpleasantness).
morbus morb disease
Morbid-Suggesting an unhealthy mental state. Morbilli-An acute and highly contagious viral disease marked by distinct red spots followed by a rash; occurs primarily in children.
mordere, morsun mors,mord to bite
Morsel-A small quantity of anything. Remorse-A feeling of deep regret (usually for some misdeed).Mordacious-Capable of wounding.
moris mor manners, customs
Mores-(sociology) the conventions that embody the fundamental values of a group.
mors, mortis, mori
mori,mort,mors
deather, to die
Post-mortem-Discussion of an event after it has occurred. Mortgage-A conditional conveyance of property as security for the repayment of a loan. Mortmain- (corporation) real property held inalienably (as by an ecclesiastical corporation); The oppressive influence of past events or decisions. Mortal - certain to die. Mortician - an undertaker.
mutare, mutatum
mut to changeImmutable - not changing. Mutant - an organism that has undergone changes. Mutate - to undergo a change.
nascor, natus
nat,nais to bear, to born
Prenatal- before birth; during or relating to pregnancy. Renaissance-the revival of art and literature under the influence of classical models in the 14th–16th centuries.
negare, negatus negat to deny
Negation-A negative statement; a statement that is a refusal or denial of some other statement. Abnegate- renounce or reject (something desired or valuable).
nihil nil,nihil nothingAnnihilate-destroy utterly; obliterate. Nihilism-A revolutionary doctrine that advocates destruction of the social system for its own sake.
nocere noc,nox to harm, injure
Innocuous-Not injurious to physical or mental health. Obnoxious- extremely unpleasant.
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nominare, nomen, nominis
nom/I,en to name, name
Nomenclature-a set or system of names, esp. as used in a particular science etc. Misnomer - an error in naming a person or thing. Nominal - being something in name only but not in reality. Nominate - to name for election or appointment, to designate.
norma norm ruleNormative-Relating to or dealing with norms or rules. enormity-Monstrous wickedness through violation of norms.
notare not/I,e,a to mark, note
Connotation-An idea that is implied or suggested. Notable - marked as worthy of attention. Notarize - to certify a signature on a legal document. Annotate - to add remarks.
novus nov newInnovate - to introduce a new way. Novelty - something new. Novice - a person who is new at a job. Renovate - to make something like new again.
nox, noct nox,noc night
Equinox-Either of the two occasions in the year when the sun crosses the celestial equator and day and night are of equal length throughout the world. Nocturnal- done, occurring, or active at night.
nullus nul noneAnnul-declare invalid (an official agreement, decision, or result). Nullifidian-a person having no faith or religious belief.
nuntiare, nuntius nun,noun
to report, tell, messenger
Nuncio-An ambassador from the Pope. Renounce- formally declare one's abandonment of (a claim, right, or possession).
oculus ocul eyeMonocle-a single eyeglass, kept in position by the muscles around the eye. Binocular-adapted for or using both eyes.
opus, operari
opu,ope work, to work
Magnum opus-A great work of art or literature. Opera-A drama set to music; consists of singing with orchestral accompaniment and an orchestral overture and interludes. Operative-functional.
parare, par, pari par
to make equal, equal
Disparate- essentially different in kind; not allowing comparison. Parity-The state or condition of being equal,
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esp. regarding status or pay. Peer-an equal.
passus, pati pat,pas suffer
Pathogenic-Able to cause disease. Passive-Suffering action; acted upon. Passionate-Having or expressing strong emotions; strong aching or suffering for something. Pathos-A quality that arouses emotions (especially pity or sorrow). Pathic-Passive; suffering.
pater pat,part father
Paternoster-(Roman Catholic Church) the Lord's Prayer in Latin; translates as 'our father'. Patronize-Act as a patron towards (a person, cause, artist, etc.); support; encourage.
pax, pacis pac,peas peacePacific-Peaceful in character or intent. Appease-Pacify or placate (someone) by acceding to their demands.
pedis, pes ped foot
Expedition-A journey or voyage for a particular purpose, esp. tourism, exploration, or scientific research. Peduncle- the stalk of a flower, fruit, or cluster, esp. a main stalk bearing a solitary flower or subordinate stalks (compare pedicel).
pellere, pulsus
pel,pul to drive, driven
Compel- force or oblige (someone) to do something. Expel-Force out or eject (a substance from the body, a gas from a cavity, etc.). Propel- drive, push, or cause to move in a particular direction, typically forward. Pulsate- expand and contract with strong regular movements.
pendere, pensare, pendulus
pend to weigh, hang, weight
Impending- be about to happen. Compendium- A collection of detailed items of information, esp. in a book. Appendage- To hang on or attach to a more important part of something.
petere petu,peti to rush at, seek
Impetuous- acting or done quickly and without thought or care. Petulant- (of a person or their manner) childishly sulky or bad-tempered. Petition- A supplication or request.
,placare, placidus, placere plac
to soother, gentle, to please
Placate- make (someone) less angry or hostile. Implacable- That cannot be appeased or placated; unstoppable,
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relentless. Placebo- a harmless pill, medicine, or procedure prescribed more for the psychological benefit to the patient than for any physiological effect.
plaudere, plauseum plaud,plod to clap,
applaudPlaudit- an act of applause. Implode- To (cause to) collapse inwards suddenly and violently.
plenus plen full
Plenipotentiary- a person (esp. a diplomat) invested with the full power of independent action. Replenish- To fill completely something which may be emptied or less filled-up before. Plenty- A full supply.
plere, pletum
plet to fill
Expletive- An oath, swear word, or other expression, used in an exclamation; A word used to fill out a sentence etc., esp. in verse, without adding anything to the sense. Replete- Filled or well-supplied with. Deplete-To empty, reduce, exhaust, use up.
plicare, plicatum, plicit, ply
plicat,plyto fold
Implicate- show (a person or thing) to be concerned or involved (in a charge, crime, etc.). Complicate- make or become difficult, confused, or complex. Explicate- Make clear, explain., Plait- a single length of hair or other flexible material made up of three or more interlaced strands; a braid.
plus, pluris plur,plus more
Plurality- An advocate of democratic principles. Surplus- A quantity much larger than is needed. Pluralistic- A condition or system in which two or more states, groups, principles, sources of authority, etc., coexist.
ponere, positum Posi,pot to place
Depot-Station where transport vehicles load or unload passengers or goods.
populus popul people
Populace- The common people. Populate- Be an inhabitant of; spend most of one's life in. Populous- Densely populated. Populist- An advocate of democratic principles.
portare, port to carry Portage- The cost of carrying or transporting. Portable - able to be
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port carried. Porter - a person who carries luggage. Portal- A gate or doorway, esp a great or magnificent one.
portio portion share, portion
Apportion- Distribute according to a plan or set apart for a special purpose. Proportionate- In fit or correct proportion.
post postafter, behind, later, subsequent
Posthumous - after someone's death. Postpone - delaying something. Postscript - an addition to an already completed document.
potens, potentis potent powerful
Potentate-a monarch or ruler, esp. an autocratic one. Potentiometer-an instrument for measuring difference of electric potential. Omnipotent - Having unlimited power.
prehendere, prehensum pren,
prehen
to seize, take hold
Apprentice-Someone who works for an expert in order to learn a trade. Reprehensible-deserving censure or condemnation.
pressus press pressed down
Depress-Lower someone's spirits; make downhearted. Oppress-Dominate or subjugate by unjust use of one's authority and power. Decompress- to release from pressure; to restore to its original state. Irrepressible-Not able or willing to be restrained subdued or (loosely) kept out of the limelight.
pretiare, prec
prec,pric to value Depreciation-The falling of value. Precious-Of great price or worth.
primus, primatis
prim,prisfirst
Primordial-Having existed from the beginning; in an earliest or original stage or state. Prima facie-On the first view. Imprimis- in the first place; first in order. Primeval, Primaeval-Having existed from the beginning; in an earliest or original stage or state. Primigravida-(obstetrics) a woman who is pregnant for the first time. Pristine-in its original condition, unspoiled; clean and fresh as if new.
privare separate, Privilege-A special advantage, Page 21 of 22
privpeculiar
immunity or benefit not enjoyed by all. Deprive -Take away possessions, function, power or title.
probare, probatum prob,prov to prove,
test
Probation-(Law) a system of suspending the sentence on an offender subject to a period of good behavior under supervision; A process or period of testing the character or abilities of a person in a certain role, esp. of a new employee. Probative-affording proof; evidential. Probe-Investigate thoroughly to see if true.
proximus proxim nearest
Approximate-Fairly correct or accurate; near to the actual. Proximity- The property of being close together. Proximal-situated towards the centre of the body or point of attachment.
pugil, pugnare
pugn,pung boxer, to fight
Pugilist-Someone who fights with his fists for sport. Pugnacious - having a quarrelsome or aggressive nature. Repugnant - distasteful, offensive or revolting. Pungent - Having a sharp or strong taste or smell;(of remarks) penetrating, biting, caustic, piercing.
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