lea S t Develope D co u n t rei S , 2010 - UNCTAD · Stati S tical ta b l e S o n t h e lea S t...

StatiStical tableS on the

leaSt DevelopeD countrieS, 2010

Every two years since 2000, UNCTAD has been publishing a statistical annex to its Least Developed Countries Report. The statistical annex compiles basic data on least developed countries available in international sources.

This electronic file updates and extends the data in UNCTAD's Least Developed Countries Report 2008. It reflects data available to UNCTAD secretariat as of 13 november 2010 and is published along with the Least Developed Countries Report 2010.

For further information, contact: Agnès Collardeau-Angleys, Statistical Assistant, ALDC, UNCTAD

[email protected]

Statistical Tables on the Least Developed Countries, 2010ii

ContentsPage

Explanatory notes .................................................................................................................................................................... iiiAbbreviations ............................................................................................................................................................................iv

Tables

1. Indexes on Least Developed Countries Development ....................................................................................................... 12. GDP per capita and population: Levels and growth .......................................................................................................... 23. Real GDP, total and per capita: Annual average growth rates ........................................................................................... 34. Agricultural production: Total and per capita .................................................................................................................... 45. Food production, total and per capita: Average annual growth rates ................................................................................ 56. The manufacturing sector: Shares in GDP and average annual growth rates .................................................................... 67. Gross capital formation: Shares in GDP and average annual growth rates ....................................................................... 78. Indicators on area and population ...................................................................................................................................... 89. Indicators on demography ................................................................................................................................................. 910. Indicators on health ......................................................................................................................................................... 1011. Indicators on nutrition and sanitation .............................................................................................................................. 1112. Indicators on education and literacy ................................................................................................................................ 1213. Indicators on communication and media ......................................................................................................................... 1314. Indicators on transport and transport network ................................................................................................................. 1415. Indicators on energy, environment and natural disasters ................................................................................................. 1516. Status of women in LDCs ................................................................................................................................................ 1617. Leading exports of the LDCs, 2007–2009 ...................................................................................................................... 1718. Total merchandise exports: Levels and annual average growth rates ............................................................................. 1819. Total merchandise imports: Levels and annual average growth rates ............................................................................. 1920. Main markets for exports of LDCs: Percentage share in 2009 ....................................................................................... 2021. Main markets for imports of LDCs: Percentage share in 2009 ....................................................................................... 2122. Foreign merchandise trade indices .................................................................................................................................. 2223. Total services exports: Levels and annual average growth rates ..................................................................................... 2324. Total services imports: Levels and annual average growth rates .................................................................................... 2425. Selected tourism indicators in LDCs ............................................................................................................................... 2526. Composition of total financial flows to LDCs ................................................................................................................. 2627. Distribution of financial flows to LDCs and to all developing countries, by type of flow .............................................. 2728. Share of LDCs in financial flows to all developing countries, by type of flow ............................................................... 2829. Net ODA from individual DAC member countries to LDCs .......................................................................................... 2930. Bilateral ODA from DAC, non-DAC member countries and multilateral agencies to LDCs......................................... 3031. Net ODA to LDCs from DAC member countries and multilateral agencies mainly financed by them: Distribution by donor and shares allocated to LDCs in total ODA to all developing countries ..................................... 3132. Total Financial Flows and ODA from all sources to individual LDCs ........................................................................... 3233. Bilateral and Multilateral net ODA disbursements to individuals LDCs ........................................................................ 3334. Foreign direct investment: Inflow to and outflow from LDCs ........................................................................................ 3435. External debt and debt service by source of lending ....................................................................................................... 3536. Total external debt and debt service payments of individual LDCs ................................................................................ 3637. Debt and debt service ratio .............................................................................................................................................. 37

Statistical Tables on the Least Developed Countries, 2010 iii

Explanatory Notes

Definition of country groupings

Least developed countries1

The United Nations has designated 49 countries as least developed: Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sudan, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Vanuatu, Yemen, Zambia.

LDCs geographical classification

African LDCs (and Haiti): Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Togo, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia (32).

Asian LDCs: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Nepal and Yemen (8).

Island LDCs: Comoros, Kiribati, Maldives, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Solomon islands, Timor-Leste, Tuvalu and Vanuatu (9).

Major economic areas

The classification of countries and territories according to main economic areas used in this document has been adopted for purposes of statistical convenience only and follows that in the UNCTAD Handbook of International Trade and Development Statistics 2009.1 Countries and territories are classified according to main economic areas as follows:

Developed economies: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bermuda, Canada, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Faeroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Greenland, Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Israel, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom.

European Union: Andorra, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States.

Transition economies: Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Montenegro, Russian Federation, Republic of Moldova, Serbia, Tajikistan, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.

All developing countries: All other countries, territories and areas in Africa, Asia, America, Europe and Oceania not specified above.

Other developing countries: All developing countries excluding LDCs.

Major petroleum exporters: Algeria, Angola, Bahrain, Brunei Darussalam, Congo, Ecuador, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Kuwait, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Nigeria, Oman, Qatar, Saudia Arabia, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Trinidad and Tobago, United Arab Emirates, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Yemen.

Newly industrialized economies: 1st tier: Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region of China), Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan Province of China.

Newly industrialized economies: 2nd tier: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand.

Other country groupings

DAC member countries: The countries of the OECD Development Assistance Committee are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Republic of Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States.

Non-DAC member countries: Czech Republic, Hungary, Iceland, Mexico, Poland, Slovak Republic, Turkey, Thailand and Arab Countries (Algeria, Iran Islamic Republic of, Kuwait, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates).

Other notes

Calculation of annual average growth rates. In general, they are defined as the coefficient b in the exponential trend function yt = aebt where t stands for time. This method takes all observations in a period into account. Therefore, the resulting growth rates reflect trends that are not unduly influenced by exceptional values.

Population growth rates are calculated as exponential growth rates.

The term “dollars” ($) refers to United States dollars, unless otherwise stated.

Details and percentages in tables do not necessarily add to totals because of rounding. The following symbols have been used:

A hyphen (-) indicates that the item is not applicable. Two dots (..) indicate that the data are not available or are not separately reported. A zero (0) means that the amount is nil or negligible. Use of a dash (–) between dates representing years, e.g. 1980–1990, signifies the full period involved, including the initial and final years.

_______________1 United Nations Publication, Sales No. E/F.09.II.D.10.

Statistical Tables on the Least Developed Countries, 2010iv

AbbreviationsAfDF African Development FundAsDF Asian Development FundCarDB Caribbean Development BankDAC Development Assistance CommitteeEC European CommissionEIA Energy Information AdministrationESAF Enhanced Structural Adjustment FacilityEU European UnionFAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsFAOSTAT FAO statistical databaseGDP Gross Domestic ProductGEF Global Environment FacilityGNI Gross National IncomeIDA International Development AssociationIDB Inter-American Development BankIEA International Energy AgencyIFAD International Fund for Agricultural DevelopmentILO International Labour OrganizationIMF International Monetary FundIPU Inter-parliamentary UnionITU International Telecommunication UnionLDC Least Developed CountryODA Official Development AssistanceOECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and DevelopmentOPEC Organization of the Petroleum Exporting CountriesPRGF Poverty Reduction and Growth FacilitySAF Structural Adjustment FacilitySITC Standard International Trade Classification UNAIDS Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDSUN DATA United Nations Data Access SystemUN DESA United Nations Department of Economic and Social AffairsUNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and DevelopmentUNDP United Nations Development ProgrammeUNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural OrganizationUNFPA United Nations Population FundUIS UNESCO Institute for StatisticsUNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for RefugeesUNICEF United Nations Children’s FundUNTA United Nations Technical AssistanceUPU Universal Postal UnionUSAID United States Agency for International DevelopmentWFP World Food ProgrammeWHO World Health Organization

Statistical Tables on the Least Developed Countries, 2010 1

1. Indexes on Least Developed Countries Development

countryGNI

per capita (current $)c

Economic Vulnerability

Indexa (EVI)

Human Assets Indexb (HAI)

Income levelHuman

Development Index (HDI)

Multi-dimensional

Poverty Index (MPI)f

CDP 2009 review value rank value2009 HD Report 2010

Afghanistan 370d 39.5 15.2 Low income 0.35 155 ..Angola 3,490 49.8 26.0 Lower middle income 0.40 146 0.452Bangladesh 590 23.2 53.3 Low income 0.47 129 0.291Benin 750 42.5 41.1 Low income 0.44 134 0.412Bhutan 2,020 52.9 58.6 Lower middle income .. .. ..Burkina Faso 510 43.8 33.2 Low income 0.31 161 0.536Burundi 150 56.8 22.1 Low income 0.28 166 0.53Cambodia 650 55.6 57.8 Low income 0.49 124 0.263Central African Republic 450 45.1 27.2 Low income 0.32 159 0.512Chad 610 53.5 20.0 Low income 0.29 163 0.344Comoros 870 56.9 48.2 Low income 0.43 140 0.408Dem. Rep. of the Congo 160 49.3 22.6 Low income 0.24 168 0.393Djibouti 1,280 51.2 44.5 Lower middle income 0.40 147 0.139Equatorial Guinea 12,420 60.5 49.5 High income: non-OECD 0.54 117 ..Eritrea 300d 55.5 36.2 Low income .. .. ..Ethiopia 330 32.0 28.4 Low income 0.33 157 0.582Gambia 440 56.3 42.6 Low income 0.39 151 0.324Guinea 350d 27.9 37.4 Low income 0.34 156 0.505Guinea-Bissau 250 60.5 33.8 Low income 0.29 164 ..Haiti 654e 52.2 39.8 Low income 0.40 145 0.306Kiribati 1,890 75.3 87.6 Lower middle income .. .. ..Lao People's Dem. Rep. 880 59.9 62.3 Low income 0.50 122 0.267Lesotho 1,030 49.9 61.9 Lower middle income 0.43 141 0.22Liberia 160 65.5 30.6 Low income 0.30 162 0.484Madagascar 420d 37.2 45.5 Low income 0.43 135 0.413Malawi 280 55.9 46.2 Low income 0.38 153 0.384Maldives 3,870 58.2 87.5 Lower middle income 0.60 107 ..Mali 680 42.3 32.6 Low income 0.31 160 0.564Mauritania 960 47.1 54.6 Low income 0.43 136 0.352Mozambique 440 48.7 27.5 Low income 0.28 165 0.481Myanmar 578e 37.4 66.0 Low income 0.45 132 0.088Nepal 440 33.6 58.3 Low income 0.43 138 0.35Niger 340 45.8 22.8 Low income 0.26 167 0.642Rwanda 460 55.0 33.0 Low income 0.39 152 0.443Samoa 2,840 64.3 92.2 Lower middle income .. .. ..Sao Tome and Principe 1,140 55.0 72.1 Lower middle income 0.49 127 0.236Senegal 1,030 37.6 40.7 Lower middle income 0.41 144 0.384Sierra Leone 340 50.7 20.4 Low income 0.32 158 0.489Solomon Islands 910 58.0 64.1 Low income 0.49 123 ..Somalia 288e 62.6 9.4 Low income .. .. 0.514Sudan 1,220 52.9 51.4 Lower middle income 0.38 154 ..Timor-Leste 2,460d 56.7 54.0 Lower middle income 0.50 120 ..Togo 440 42.8 42.6 Low income 0.43 139 0.284Tuvalu 3,213e 79.7 88.4 Lower middle income .. .. ..Uganda 460 51.9 51.3 Low income 0.42 143 ..United Rep. of Tanzania 500 31.0 40.6 Low income 0.40 148 0.367Vanuatu 2,620 62.3 72.3 Lower middle income .. .. ..Yemen 1,060 44.9 52.1 Lower middle income 0.44 133 0.283Zambia 970 52.8 40.7 Low income 0.39 150 0.325Source: United Nations Committee for Development Policy (CDP) database, 2009 review ; World Bank, WDI database nov. 2010; United Nations, Undata database,nov. 2010; UNDP. Human development Report 2010, November, 2010; WorldBankEconomiesIncomeclassification,September2010.Notes:a EVI :higher values indicate higher vulnerablity. b HAI : lower values indicate weaker human asset development. c GNI current $ Atlas method , World Bank, WDI database, nov. 2010 d 2008 data for Afghanistan, Eritrea, Guinea, Madagascar and Timor Leste; e 2008 data for Haiti, Myanmar, Somalia and Tuvalu. Source: Undata, National accounts main aggregates database, nov 2010 f See explanatory notes for HDR composite indices at http://hdrstats.undp.org/images/explanations/PSE.pdf

Statistical Tables on the Least Developed Countries, 20102

2. Per Capita GDP and Population: Levels and Growth

country Real GDP per capita

Annual average growth rates of

real GDP per capita (in 2009 dollars)

Population

(in 2009 dollars) (%) Level (millions)

Annual average growtn rates (%)

1980 1990 2000 2008 2009 1980-1990

1990-2000

2000-2009

2009 1980-1990

1990-2000

2000-2009

Afghanistan 409 386 177 447 529 -0.1 -6.6 12.7 28.1 -1.5 5.1 3.6Angola 949 890 754 1,600 1,552 0.3 -0.7 10.0 18.5 3.1 3.0 2.9Bangladesh 254 290 378 522 543 1.3 2.7 4.2 162.2 2.5 2.0 1.6Benin 582 618 693 742 739 0.3 1.2 0.6 8.9 3.0 3.3 3.3Bhutan 336 682 1,119 1,815 1,901 7.6 5.5 6.2 0.7 2.8 0.0 2.5Burkina Faso 342 346 434 516 515 0.3 2.5 2.0 15.8 2.5 2.8 3.4Burundi 185 201 149 151 152 0.7 -3.8 0.1 8.3 3.3 1.2 2.9Cambodia 247 291 426 755 724 2.6 3.5 7.2 14.8 3.8 2.8 1.6Central African Republic 632 546 503 456 455 -1.1 -0.5 -1.0 4.4 2.6 2.5 1.8Chad 322 402 412 637 610 3.1 0.2 5.4 11.2 2.9 3.2 3.3Comoros 923 902 819 794 785 -0.2 -1.1 -0.6 0.7 2.9 2.3 2.3Dem. Rep. of the Congo 474 380 156 181 .. -1.5 -7.9 2.4a 66.0 3.1 3.2 3.0Djibouti 1,747 1,180 1,026 1,175 1,212 -4.5 -1.2 1.9 0.9 5.3 2.6 1.9Equatorial Guinea 1,285 909 4,270 17,088 17,544 -3.5 19.7 15.1 0.7 5.8 3.4 2.8Eritrea .. .. 459 392 395 .. 3.8b -2.3 5.1 0.0 1.8 3.8Ethiopia .. .. 209 317 340 .. 2.2b 5.8 82.8 0.0 3.0 2.6Gambia 518 549 523 538 547 -0.4 -0.8 0.3 1.7 3.8 3.8 3.0Guinea 425 434 474 505 .. 0.4 1.2 0.5a 10.1 2.8 3.2 2.0Guinea-Bissau 235 314 279 246 248 2.3 -1.3 -1.1 1.6 2.0 2.5 2.4Haiti 1,299 1,036 767 699 708 -2.0 -2.8 -0.9 10.0 2.3 2.0 1.7Kiribati 738 603 820 782 765 -1.9 4.0 -0.4 0.1 2.8 1.5 1.7Lao People's Dem. Rep. 290 397 569 845 893 2.3 3.9 5.3 6.3 2.7 2.6 1.7Lesotho 411 487 633 786 791 1.7 2.9 2.8 2.1 2.2 1.7 1.0Liberia 1,053 302 290 216 216 -6.3 0.9 -3.5 4.0 1.4 2.9 3.7Madagascar 621 507 444 466 431 -1.5 -1.0 0.5 19.6 2.7 3.1 2.8Malawi 320 246 256 299 314 -2.2 0.7 3.0 15.3 4.5 2.2 2.9Maldives 827 1,803 2,955 4,586 4,384 8.4 5.4 5.5 0.3 3.2 2.4 1.4Mali 350 417 512 664 678 1.9 2.7 2.8 13.0 1.9 2.0 2.4Mauritania 852 747 760 1,017 .. -1.0 0.2 4.2a 3.3 2.7 2.7 2.6Mozambique 232 198 270 420 436 -1.8 3.9 5.3 22.9 1.0 3.1 2.6Myanmar 165 153 268 611 635 -1.3 5.6 10.8 50.0 2.0 1.3 0.8Nepal 264 330 420 474 487 2.2 2.4 1.8 29.3 2.4 2.5 2.0Niger 514 340 307 349 333 -4.4 -0.4 1.1 15.3 2.9 3.4 3.7Rwanda 431 376 352 490 496 -1.7 -0.9 4.1 10.0 3.6 1.0 2.4Samoa 2,155 2,041 2,399 3,176 3,019 0.6 1.8 3.1 0.2 0.4 0.9 0.1Sao Tome and Principe 1,149 805 775 1,108 .. -3.1 -0.3 4.5a 0.2 2.0 1.9 1.7Senegal 878 891 917 1,027 1,016 0.1 0.5 1.4 12.5 3.0 2.8 2.7Sierra Leone 546 570 250 418 .. 0.2 -8.9 5.6a 5.7 2.4 0.1 3.5Solomon Islands 1,407 1,353 1,240 1,326 1,266 -0.9 0.3 1.7 0.5 3.2 2.9 2.6Somalia 376 425 289 298 .. 1.7 -4.2 0.3 9.1 0.0 1.1 2.4Sudan 728 575 899 1,521 1,555 -2.7 4.7 7.0 42.3 2.8 2.6 2.1Timor-Leste 0 0 0 570 593 .. .. .. 1.1 .. .. 3.7Togo 694 566 465 428 428 -1.7 -1.2 -0.5 6.6 3.6 3.0 2.6Tuvalu 2,084 2,020 2,406 3,213 .. 0.2 2.7 2.9a 0.0 1.0 0.7 0.4Uganda 244 261 370 500 .. 0.1 4.0 3.9a 32.7 3.4 3.2 3.3United Republic of Tanzania 346 330 371 514 527 -0.4 1.0 4.1 43.7 3.1 3.0 2.8Vanuatu 1,498 2,069 2,185 2,246 2,263 3.0 0.3 1.2 0.2 2.4 2.4 2.7Yemen .. 848 1,122 1,218 1,230 .. 3.8 1.1 23.6 .. 4.0 2.9Zambia 1,165 943 762 954 989 -2.1 -2.3 3.0 12.9 3.2 2.9 2.4LDCs 404 383 416 594 608 -0.3 1.1 4.6 835.5 2.6 2.6 2.4LDCs: Africa and Haiti 478 433 417 589 595 -0.9 0.0 4.4 517.0 2.9 2.8 2.8LDCs: Asia 310 314 405 596 621 0.6 2.7 5.1 315.1 2.3 2.3 1.8LDCs: Islands 1,142 1,281 1,491 1,412 1,374 1.3 1.8 -0.7 3.3 2.5 2.2 7.5Other developing countries 1,546 1,770 2,426 3,416 3,447 1.5 3.2 4.6 5,505.2 2.1 1.7 1.4All developing countries 1,406 1,591 2,145 2,992 3,016 1.4 3.1 4.4 4,669.7 2.1 1.6 1.3Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADSTAT database, November, 2010.Notes: a 2000-2008; b Ethiopia and Eritrea: 1993-2000.


3. Real GDP, Total and per capita : Annual average growth rates(per cent)

Country Real GDP Real GDP per Capita1980-1990

1990-2000

2000-2009

2006 2007 2008 2009 1980-1990

1990-2000

2000-2009

2006 2007 2008 2009

Afghanistan -1.6 -1.8 16.8 11.2 16.2 3.4 22.5 -0.1 -6.6 12.7 7.3 12.2 -0.1 18.4Angola 3.4 2.2 13.2 18.6 20.3 14.8 -0.4 0.3 -0.7 10.0 15.3 17.1 11.8 -3.0Bangladesh 3.8 4.7 5.9 6.6 6.4 6.2 5.4 1.3 2.7 4.2 5.0 4.9 4.7 4.0Benin 3.3 4.6 3.9 3.8 4.6 5.0 2.7 0.3 1.2 0.6 0.4 1.3 1.8 -0.4Bhutan 10.6 5.5 8.8 5.8 21.4 6.6 6.3 7.6 5.5 6.2 3.5 19.2 4.9 4.7Burkina Faso 2.9 5.4 5.5 5.5 3.6 4.5 3.2 0.3 2.5 2.0 2.0 0.1 1.0 -0.2Burundi 4.0 -2.6 3.0 5.1 3.6 4.5 3.5 0.7 -3.8 0.1 2.0 0.5 1.5 0.6Cambodia 6.5 6.4 8.9 10.8 10.2 6.0 -2.5 2.6 3.5 7.2 9.0 8.4 4.3 -4.1Central African Republic 1.4 2.0 0.8 4.1 3.7 2.2 1.7 -1.1 -0.5 -1.0 2.2 1.8 0.3 -0.2Chad 6.0 3.4 8.8 0.2 0.1 0.3 -1.6 3.1 0.2 5.4 -2.8 -2.7 -2.3 -4.1Comoros 2.7 1.2 1.7 1.2 -1.0 1.0 1.1 -0.2 -1.1 -0.6 -1.1 -3.3 -1.3 -1.1Dem. Rep. of the Congo 1.6 -4.9 5.5 5.6 6.3 6.2 2.8 -1.5 -7.9 2.4 2.6 3.3 3.3 0.1Djibouti 0.6 1.4 3.8 4.8 4.8 5.8 5.0 -4.5 -1.2 1.9 2.9 2.9 3.9 3.2Equatorial Guinea 2.0 23.7 18.3 5.3 23.2 15.2 5.3 -3.5 19.7 15.1 2.5 20.0 12.2 2.7Eritrea .. 5.7a 1.3 -1.0 1.3 1.0 3.6 .. 3.8 -2.3 -4.3 -1.9 -2.0 0.6Ethiopia .. 5.3a 8.6 10.8 11.1 11.3 9.9 0.4 2.2 5.8 8.0 8.3 8.5 7.1Gambia 3.5 3.0 3.3 6.7 6.3 4.9 4.6 -0.4 -0.8 0.3 3.6 3.3 2.1 1.8Guinea 3.2 4.4 2.5 2.5 1.8 4.0 -0.3 0.4 1.2 0.5 0.4 -0.4 1.7 -2.6Guinea-Bissau 4.3 1.1 1.2 1.8 3.7 3.1 3.0 2.3 -1.3 -1.1 -0.5 1.4 0.8 0.7Haiti 0.2 -0.8 0.7 2.3 3.2 1.3 2.9 -2.0 -2.8 -0.9 0.7 1.6 -0.3 1.3Kiribati 0.8 5.6 1.3 -3.8 -1.8 6.3 -0.7 -1.9 4.0 -0.4 -5.4 -3.3 4.7 -2.2Lao People's Dem. Rep. 5.1 6.5 7.1 8.3 7.9 7.5 7.6 2.3 3.9 5.3 6.4 6.0 5.5 5.6Lesotho 3.9 4.7 3.8 8.1 5.1 3.5 1.4 1.7 2.9 2.8 7.1 4.1 2.6 0.6Liberia -5.0 3.9 0.0 7.8 9.5 7.1 4.6 -6.3 0.9 -3.5 3.5 4.8 2.4 0.3Madagascar 1.2 2.0 3.4 5.0 6.3 5.0 -5.0 -1.5 -1.0 0.5 2.2 3.5 2.3 -7.5Malawi 2.2 2.9 5.9 8.3 7.9 7.4 8.0 -2.2 0.7 3.0 5.3 5.0 4.5 5.0Maldives 11.9 7.8 7.0 22.5 6.0 5.8 -3.0 8.4 5.4 5.5 20.8 4.5 4.3 -4.4Mali 3.8 4.7 5.3 5.3 4.3 4.7 4.5 1.9 2.7 2.8 2.8 1.9 2.3 2.0Mauritania 1.6 3.0 7.0 29.4 1.0 2.2 -1.1 -1.0 0.2 4.2 26.2 -1.4 -0.2 -3.3Mozambique -0.8 7.2 8.0 8.7 7.4 7.0 6.3 -1.8 3.9 5.3 6.0 4.9 4.5 4.0Myanmar 0.6 7.0 11.7 13.1 11.9 4.5 4.8 -1.3 5.6 10.8 12.2 11.0 3.6 3.9Nepal 4.6 4.9 3.9 3.2 4.7 5.6 4.7 2.2 2.4 1.8 1.2 2.7 3.7 2.8Niger -1.6 3.0 4.8 5.8 3.3 5.9 -0.9 -4.4 -0.4 1.1 1.9 -0.6 1.8 -4.7Rwanda 1.8 0.1 6.5 7.3 7.9 11.2 4.1 -1.7 -0.9 4.1 4.8 5.1 8.2 1.3Samoa 0.9 2.8 3.2 1.0 6.4 -3.4 -4.9 0.6 1.8 3.1 1.0 6.5 -3.4 -4.9Sao Tome and Principe -1.1 1.6 6.3 6.7 6.0 5.8 4.0 -3.1 -0.3 4.5 5.0 4.3 4.1 2.4Senegal 3.1 3.3 4.1 2.4 4.7 2.5 1.5 0.1 0.5 1.4 -0.2 2.0 -0.2 -1.1Sierra Leone 2.6 -8.8 9.2 7.3 6.4 5.5 4.0 0.2 -8.9 5.6 3.9 3.4 2.9 1.5Solomon Islands 2.3 3.2 4.3 6.9 10.0 6.0 -2.2 -0.9 0.3 1.7 4.3 7.3 3.4 -4.5Somalia 1.7 -3.2 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 1.7 -4.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3Sudan 0.1 7.4 9.3 9.4 10.5 7.6 4.5 -2.7 4.7 7.0 7.1 8.1 5.2 2.2Timor-Leste .. .. 5.0 -3.4 16.2 6.8 7.4 .. .. 1.2 -6.9 12.4 3.5 4.1Togo 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.0 3.5 1.1 2.5 -1.7 -1.2 -0.5 -0.5 0.9 -1.4 0.0Tuvalu 1.2 3.5 3.3 1.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 0.2 2.7 2.9 0.6 1.6 1.6 1.6Uganda 3.5 7.4 7.4 7.0 8.6 9.5 7.1 0.1 4.0 3.9 3.6 5.1 6.0 3.6United Rep. of Tanzania 2.7 4.0 7.1 6.7 7.1 7.5 5.5 -0.4 1.0 4.1 3.8 4.1 4.4 2.4Vanuatu 5.5 2.7 3.9 7.4 6.8 5.7 3.3 3.0 0.3 1.2 4.6 4.1 3.1 0.7Yemen .. 7.9 4.1 4.5 4.7 3.9 3.9 .. 3.8 1.1 1.5 1.7 1.0 0.9Zambia 1.0 0.5 5.4 6.2 5.8 6.3 6.3 -2.1 -2.3 3.0 3.7 3.3 3.7 3.7LDCs 2.3 3.7 7.1 7.8 8.5 6.9 4.7 -0.3 1.1 4.6 5.3 6.0 4.4 2.3LDCs: Africa and Haiti 1.9 2.8 7.3 8.1 9.0 7.9 3.8 -0.9 0.0 4.4 5.2 6.1 5.1 1.1LDCs: Asia 2.9 5.1 6.9 7.5 7.8 5.5 5.9 0.6 2.7 5.1 5.7 6.0 3.8 4.2LDCs: Islands 3.9 4.1 6.8 9.1 7.1 4.5 -0.4 1.3 1.8 -0.7 6.4 4.6 2.1 -2.7Other developing countries 3.6 4.9 5.9 7.3 7.6 5.3 2.1 1.5 3.2 4.6 6.0 6.3 4.0 0.9All Developing economies 3.6 4.9 6.0 7.3 7.6 5.4 2.2 1.4 3.1 4.4 5.8 6.1 3.9 0.8Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADSTAT database, October 2010.Notes: RealGDPandpercapita-(2000dollars-rebasedusinganimplicitGDPdeflator). a 1992-2000 for Eritrea and Ethiopia.


4. Agricultural Production: Total and per capita

Country Percentage share of agriculture in: Total agricultural productiona per capita agricultural productiona

Total Labour force GDP Annual average growth rates Annual average growth rates

1990 2008 1990 2008 1990-1999

2000-2009

2007 2008 2009 1990-1999

2000-2009

2007 2008 2009

Afghanistan 67.1 58.5 35.7 40.0 5.2 2.6 10.2 -12.6 21.2 -0.3 -1.0 5.7 -15.1 16.5Angola 74.1 67.9 18.0 8.1 4.1 6.6 7.4 1.3 21.0 1.1 3.6 4.0 -0.8 17.8Bangladesh 63.1 47.3 31.5 19.1 2.3 3.6 5.0 8.0 -3.0 0.3 1.9 3.7 6.3 -5.0Benin 61.5 45.5 35.4 35.4 6.6 0.4 -5.6 10.9 0.0 3.1 -2.9 -8.0 7.5 -3.5Bhutan 92.8 89.9 39.0 21.9 3.1 7.4 -2.5 -0.6 -0.7 3.3 4.8 -3.8 -2.3 -2.4Burkina Faso 92.4 88.7 28.6 31.4 4.3 4.0 -18.3 24.1 -2.8 1.4 0.6 -21.4 20.7 -6.3Burundi 91.8 86.9 52.4 37.1 -1.7 1.1 0.9 -2.7 0.0 -3.0 -1.7 -2.1 -4.3 -3.4Cambodia 73.0 65.2 48.7 32.0 5.1 8.2 5.2 8.7 4.6 2.2 6.4 3.6 7.0 3.3Central African Republic 78.7 64.7 47.6 54.4 3.9 1.7 3.6 1.8 2.6 1.3 -0.2 2.0 0.0 1.0Chad 81.8 66.9 39.2 20.5 5.0 1.9 -8.6 11.3 0.0 1.7 -1.3 -10.6 8.3 -2.2Comoros 76.5 68.5 40.4 48.3 2.1 1.4 3.7 0.0 0.0 -0.8 -1.1 1.1 -2.1 -2.2Dem. Rep. of the Congo 66.3 57.2 31.0 45.8 -2.7 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -5.9 -3.1 -2.5 -2.5 -3.9Djibouti 81.6 73.5 3.1 3.6 -0.5 4.5 12.2 0.0 0.0 -3.0 2.6 9.4 -1.6 -1.6Equatorial Guinea 73.9 64.6 61.9 4.1 -0.1 -0.9 1.1 -1.1 -2.2 -3.4 -3.6 -1.3 -3.9 -4.1Eritrea .. 72.6 .. 23.8 6.3b 5.0 8.7 0.8 0.0 4.4 a 1.2 4.4 -2.1 -3.2Ethiopia .. 76.1 .. 50.8 4.9b 4.7 0.7 5.1 4.2 1.8 a 2.0 -2.6 2.7 1.7Gambia 81.4 74.7 15.4 27.9 1.9 0.8 -29.9 45.6 19.2 -2.0 -2.2 -31.3 41.8 15.4Guinea 86.5 79.2 23.8 17.2 3.5 3.3 2.5 4.1 1.6 0.0 1.2 0.9 1.9 -0.9Guinea-Bissau 84.7 78.7 44.6 59.3 3.2 2.7 1.7 0.0 0.8 0.6 0.2 -1.0 -1.9 -2.0Haiti 67.9 59.0 35.8 30.4 -0.7 1.6 10.4 -4.3 0.0 -2.6 0.0 8.3 -5.8 -1.0Kiribati 32.4 23.9 9.4 5.0 4.2 3.6 2.4 -2.3 0.0 2.7 1.8 1.8 -5.3 -0.9Lao People's Dem. Rep. 78.0 73.1 61.2 34.1 3.4 4.1 8.9 9.7 1.4 0.8 2.4 7.2 7.6 0.0Lesotho 43.9 39.8 13.4 7.6 2.1 -2.4 2.2 -20.2 0.0 0.4 -3.4 1.2 -20.7 0.0Liberia 71.4 61.1 53.4 64.9 3.9 2.1 10.5 0.9 0.0 1.6 -1.5 5.9 -4.4 -3.5Madagascar 78.0 69.0 31.8 27.2 1.1 2.2 -5.1 1.8 0.0 -2.0 -0.6 -7.1 -1.1 -2.2Malawi 86.2 78.0 41.6 34.0 5.1 4.1 12.8 3.0 0.0 3.1 1.2 9.1 0.0 -2.8Maldives 32.3 15.7 14.6 6.0 3.5 0.0 -1.9 -2.0 -4.0 1.0 -1.5 -4.2 -3.3 -5.6Mali 84.3 75.0 47.8 37.7 3.6 5.2 4.1 11.0 11.3 1.5 2.8 1.9 8.3 8.5Mauritania 54.5 49.5 37.0 18.2 1.6 1.6 0.9 0.0 1.8 -1.1 -1.0 -1.0 -2.1 -1.1Mozambique 84.1 79.5 37.1 27.3 7.6 2.9 -6.5 7.0 0.0 4.2 0.3 -8.6 4.2 -2.0Myanmar 72.8 67.0 57.3 50.4 4.7 6.0 3.8 -0.6 -0.6 3.2 5.2 3.4 -1.9 -1.3Nepal 93.4 90.2 47.2 32.9 2.8 2.8 -0.8 6.8 3.2 0.2 0.7 -2.9 4.9 0.9Niger 87.9 80.6 33.4 45.9 5.2 7.3 4.3 25.9 0.0 1.7 3.4 0.9 20.9 -4.3Rwanda 91.8 87.3 43.6 40.0 -2.0 3.1 0.0 3.9 0.7 -1.9 0.7 -2.7 0.9 -2.8Samoa 41.4 29.7 20.5 12.1 2.1 1.4 3.7 -0.9 0.9 1.1 1.3 2.8 0.0 0.0Sao Tome and Principe 67.6 57.4 27.6 18.7 6.1 1.0 5.7 -3.6 2.8 4.1 -0.7 4.2 -5.0 0.0Senegal 75.8 69.0 19.3 15.2 1.4 3.6 -12.2 57.0 7.3 -1.3 0.9 -14.3 53.0 4.0Sierra Leone 69.7 60.2 35.3 50.8 -1.3 9.5 -2.0 0.0 0.0 -1.2 5.8 -4.9 -2.6 -2.0Solomon Islands 74.6 66.7 45.5 35.3 3.2 2.5 2.6 0.9 0.8 0.4 -0.1 0.0 -2.0 -2.1Somalia 73.4 65.5 69.3 60.1 2.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 -1.9 -2.2 -2.3 -2.3Sudan 67.3 52.8 33.8 32.4 6.0 1.6 0.0 0.0 1.7 3.3 -0.6 -2.9 -3.0 0.0Timor-Leste 82.0 77.4 _ 30.8 0.1 0.5 -4.5 1.9 0.0 -0.9 -3.3 -8.0 -1.2 -2.5Togo 64.4 53.7 34.5 41.8 4.6 1.4 3.8 2.7 0.0 1.7 -1.2 1.1 1.1 -3.3Tuvalu 33.3 25.0 26.0 16.6 0.1 1.6 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 2.8 0.0 0.0Uganda 83.7 73.8 42.5 23.9 2.4 0.9 1.9 2.8 1.8 -0.9 -2.3 0.0 -1.2 -2.4United Rep. of Tanzania 83.7 75.1 56.0 30.4 1.2 3.8 1.5 1.5 -0.7 -1.9 1.0 -0.9 -1.8 -2.8Vanuatu 43.2 31.4 20.0 13.7 1.4 1.9 1.9 -0.9 -0.9 -1.1 -0.8 -1.1 -3.3 -3.4Yemen 54.7 40.2 23.7 9.4 3.6 4.2 8.9 4.5 3.6 -0.5 1.3 6.8 0.9 0.9LDCs 73.2 64.9 36.7 27.2 2.8 3.5 2.0 4.5 1.5 0.2 1.1 -0.3 2.1 -0.8LDCs: Africa and Haiti 77.6 70.3 36.8 28.1 2.5 2.9 0.1 5.3 2.3 -0.3 0.1 -2.5 2.5 -0.4LDCs: Asia 68.3 57.0 36.6 25.7 3.4 4.4 4.5 3.5 0.5 1.0 2.6 2.7 1.8 -1.1LDCs: Islands 68.3 58.9 29.3 21.5 2.0 1.6 0.9 0.1 0.0 -0.2 -5.6 -1.5 -2.2 -2.3Other developing countries 57.5 47.0 13.9 9.2 3.9 3.3 3.4 3.0 0.4 2.3 1.9 2.1 1.8 -0.8All developing countries 59.3 49.5 14.8 9.8 3.8 3.3 3.2 3.1 0.5 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.7 -0.9Sources: FAO, FAOSTAT database online sept 2010; UNCTAD, UNCTADSTAT database, October, 2010.Notes: Country groups: weighted averages. a Index base year =1999-2001; b 1993-1999 for Eritrea and Ethiopia.


5. Food Production, Total and per capita: annual average growth rates(percentage)

Country Total Food Productiona Net per capita food Productiona

1990-1999

2000-2009

2007 2008 2009 1990-1999

2000-2009

2007 2008 2009

Afghanistan 5.3 2.6 10.1 -12.5 21.0 -0.2 -0.9 6.8 -16.0 17.7Angola 4.3 6.7 6.6 1.9 20.7 1.2 3.7 4.0 -0.8 17.7Bangladesh 2.4 3.7 5.9 7.9 -2.9 0.4 2.0 3.7 6.3 -4.2Benin 5.7 1.2 -7.0 9.4 0.0 2.3 -2.0 -9.7 7.1 -3.3Bhutan 3.1 7.5 -1.9 -0.6 -0.6 3.3 4.8 -3.8 -2.3 -1.6Burkina Faso 3.7 3.5 -10.2 20.2 -0.7 0.8 0.1 -12.5 15.4 -3.8Burundi -1.5 1.3 2.7 -2.7 0.0 -2.7 -1.6 0.0 -5.4 -2.3Cambodia 5.2 8.3 5.2 8.6 4.5 2.2 6.5 3.6 6.9 3.2Central African Republic 4.0 2.1 4.4 1.7 1.7 1.4 0.2 2.0 0.0 0.0Chad 4.9 2.5 -9.0 11.7 0.8 1.7 -0.7 -11.1 9.1 -2.1Comoros 2.1 1.4 3.7 0.0 0.0 -0.8 -1.0 2.2 -3.2 -2.2Dem. Rep. of the Congo -2.7 0.0 1.0 -1.0 1.0 -5.8 -3.0 -2.5 -2.5 -2.6Djibouti -0.5 4.5 12.2 0.0 0.0 -3.0 2.6 9.4 -1.6 -1.6Equatorial Guinea 0.6 -0.9 1.1 -1.1 -3.3 -2.7 -3.6 0.0 -5.2 -4.1Eritrea 6.5b 5.0 7.8 0.8 0.0 4.6 b 1.2 4.4 -2.1 -3.2Ethiopia 5.0b 4.8 -0.7 6.7 4.9 2.1 b 2.1 -3.4 3.5 1.7Gambia 2.0 0.8 -29.9 45.6 18.2 -1.8 -2.1 -31.3 41.8 15.4Guinea 3.3 3.6 2.5 4.8 1.5 0.0 1.5 0.9 2.8 -0.9Guinea-Bissau 3.2 2.6 0.8 0.8 0.0 0.8 0.2 -1.0 -1.9 -2.0Haiti -0.5 1.6 8.5 -2.6 0.0 -2.4 -0.2 7.4 -3.9 -2.0Kiribati 4.2 3.6 2.4 -2.3 0.0 2.7 1.8 1.8 -5.3 -0.9Lao People's Dem. Rep. 4.2 4.1 6.3 8.1 1.4 1.5 2.3 3.5 6.7 0.0Lesotho 2.5 -2.9 3.4 -21.7 0.0 0.8 -3.9 1.2 -22.4 0.0Liberia 2.1 3.6 12.0 8.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1 8.0 3.2 -4.1Madagascar 1.2 2.4 -5.1 1.8 0.0 -1.8 -0.5 -7.1 -1.1 -2.2Malawi 6.8 3.6 15.8 -2.3 0.0 4.6 0.7 12.5 -4.6 -2.9Maldives 3.5 0.0 -1.9 -2.0 -4.0 1.0 -1.5 -4.2 -3.3 -5.6Mali 2.5 7.4 9.8 13.7 10.2 0.4 4.8 7.8 10.5 8.0Mauritania 1.6 1.6 0.9 0.0 1.8 -1.1 -1.0 -1.0 -2.1 -1.1Mozambique 7.4 0.7 -8.2 1.0 0.0 4.2 -1.9 -10.6 -1.2 -2.4Myanmar 4.6 6.1 3.8 -1.2 0.0 3.2 5.3 2.6 -1.3 -1.3Nepal 2.7 2.8 -0.8 6.8 3.2 0.2 0.7 -2.9 3.9 1.9Niger 5.1 7.4 4.2 25.7 0.0 1.6 3.5 0.9 20.7 -4.3Rwanda -1.9 3.1 0.0 3.1 0.0 -1.8 0.7 -1.8 0.0 -2.8Samoa 2.0 1.4 3.7 -0.9 0.9 1.2 1.3 2.8 0.0 0.0Sao Tome and Principe 6.1 1.0 5.7 -3.6 2.8 4.1 -0.7 4.2 -5.0 0.0Senegal 1.8 3.8 -12.2 57.0 8.1 -1.0 1.1 -15.6 55.4 5.0Sierra Leone -1.2 9.8 -2.0 0.0 0.0 -1.1 6.1 -4.8 -2.5 -2.0Solomon Islands 3.2 2.5 2.6 0.9 0.8 0.4 -0.1 0.0 -2.0 -2.1Somalia 2.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 -1.9 -2.2 -2.3 -2.3Sudan 6.4 1.7 0.0 0.9 1.7 3.6 -0.5 -2.0 -2.0 0.0Timor-Leste -0.6 0.9 -6.1 3.7 0.0 -1.6 -2.9 -8.8 0.0 -3.6Togo 4.5 3.9 3.3 5.6 0.0 1.4 1.3 1.0 2.9 -2.8Tuvalu 0.1 1.6 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 2.8 0.0 0.0Uganda 1.9 0.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 -1.4 -2.4 -2.3 -1.2 -1.2United Republic of Tanzania 1.3 3.6 0.0 1.5 0.0 -1.7 0.8 -2.7 -0.9 -2.8Vanuatu 1.4 1.9 1.9 -0.9 -0.9 -1.1 -0.8 -1.1 -3.3 -3.4Yemen 3.4 4.1 9.0 5.3 2.9 -0.7 1.2 6.9 1.8 0.0Zambia 1.1 3.0 -2.5 0.0 14.4 -1.7 0.7 -4.8 -2.0 11.2LDCs 3.8 3.6 2.2 4.4 1.7 1.1 1.2 -0.2 2.0 -0.6LDCs: Africa and Haiti 4.0 3.0 0.3 5.2 2.7 1.2 0.2 -2.4 2.4 0.0LDCs: Asia 3.5 4.5 4.6 3.4 0.5 1.1 2.7 2.8 1.7 -1.1LDCs: Islands 1.9 1.7 0.9 0.1 0.0 -0.3 -5.5 -1.5 -2.2 -2.3Other developing countries 4.2 3.2 3.4 3.3 0.4 2.5 1.9 2.1 2.0 -0.8All developing countries 4.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 0.5 2.3 1.8 1.8 1.9 -0.9Sources: FAO, FAOSTAT database online,September 2010.Notes: Country groups: weighted averages. a Index base year=1999-2001; b 1993-1999 for Eritrea and Ethiopia.


6. The manufacturing sector: shares in GDP and Annual average growth rates(percentage)

Country Share in GDP Annual average growth rates1980 1990 2000 2008 1980-

19901990-2000

2000-2008

2006 2007 2008

Afghanistan 21.7 20.6 16.9 16.8 -3.3 -3.8 20.3 31.6 13.6 28.7Angola 9.2 5.0 2.9 3.9 2.5 -9.9 23.6 35.8 16.9 16.8Bangladesh 17.0 13.4 15.2 18.0 2.9 7.0 9.2 9.4 17.9 16.4Benin 8.4 7.5 8.9 7.8 3.2 4.0 11.5 3.8 16.7 15.0Bhutan 2.9 8.4 8.3 7.1 14.7 6.8 12.1 6.8 27.9 13.5Burkina Faso 12.7 14.2 13.1 13.6 6.8 -2.3 15.6 0.5 22.7 16.7Burundi 9.0 16.8 13.2 13.3 11.3 -7.5 7.2 17.1 -1.9 19.4Cambodia 10.0 8.8 16.9 19.0 10.1 12.8 15.7 20.5 10.9 33.8Central African Republic 8.8 11.3 7.0 7.7 7.2 -7.9 11.6 10.8 21.0 12.8Chad 13.4 14.6 9.1 5.7 6.5 -3.1 15.2 9.7 8.1 15.9Comoros 3.9 4.1 4.5 4.1 9.4 -2.1 11.8 3.3 11.9 16.7Dem. Rep. of the Congo 15.2 11.3 4.8 5.9 -6.0 -10.1 13.3 18.7 32.2 9.1Djibouti 9.7 3.6 2.6 2.5 -6.8 -1.9 6.5 5.8 6.1 19.7Equatorial Guinea 1.3 1.6 0.2 0.1 14.7 -3.8 38.7 14.2 26.4 68.3Eritrea .. .. 11.2 6.1 .. 11.0a -0.2 -2.6 0.6 23.4Ethiopia .. .. 5.5 3.9 .. 4.3a 10.9 17.7 25.3 18.8Gambia 9.0 7.6 6.6 5.8 -3.2 -0.5 0.5 3.4 20.6 29.9Guinea 4.5 4.6 3.8 4.0 6.9 -1.6 4.1 1.9 32.8 16.6Guinea-Bissau 12.6 7.4 9.0 8.1 -1.1 5.3 7.1 9.6 11.7 13.5Haiti 19.1 15.5 7.6 7.8 4.2 1.3 10.9 19.4 33.1 11.2Kiribati 1.5 1.5 0.8 5.2 1.6 7.4 48.6 11.0 108.0 12.0Lao People's Dem. Republic 9.6 10.0 7.8 9.0 7.8 2.3 19.4 21.1 30.5 25.1Lesotho 3.6 7.6 12.0 17.9 10.5 6.8 17.1 9.7 11.8 -4.1Liberia 9.2 11.2 0.3 6.5 0.8 -38.4 34.1 37.5 11.1 5.1Madagascar 16.1 12.2 12.2 14.5 -4.4 3.3 11.6 11.0 33.7 25.7Malawi 17.3 19.5 11.5 10.2 4.9 -6.3 5.1 11.5 9.8 21.4Maldives 5.5 6.9 7.7 6.5 13.6 14.1 5.5 14.2 12.4 15.5Mali 4.3 8.1 7.2 5.6 14.1 2.4 15.7 -0.2 -1.0 -11.3Mauritania 5.6 8.9 7.4 5.7 10.0 -1.9 13.5 39.5 -12.9 38.4Mozambique 24.4 12.7 12.0 15.1 -11.5 6.5 15.0 12.3 6.4 25.6Myanmar 9.5 7.8 7.2 10.5 -4.9 2.7 20.6 19.9 30.9 45.9Nepal 4.4 5.9 9.0 7.4 11.0 8.4 8.2 7.0 17.4 13.1Niger 3.6 6.6 6.7 5.3 3.8 -3.6 11.9 5.3 13.3 17.4Rwanda 15.8 15.8 10.0 6.2 6.6 -6.2 3.8 11.0 14.3 38.4Samoa 19.2 19.2 14.9 13.6 0.3 6.1 10.0 -4.5 30.7 -4.1Sao Tome and Principe 6.0 6.0 5.9 6.5 4.1 -5.5 11.3 -4.8 31.2 18.6Senegal 13.4 16.2 14.7 14.5 11.5 -3.4 12.1 0.6 20.7 20.4Sierra Leone 7.5 8.7 3.5 2.3 -2.9 -9.4 4.2 10.1 12.0 26.5Solomon Islands 3.8 3.7 6.3 5.4 1.6 10.9 6.9 -5.6 48.7 7.2Somalia 4.7 2.0 2.5 2.5 -3.2 15.0 4.1 9.4 6.0 -0.9Sudan 8.5 8.7 6.9 9.4 8.4 1.6 32.1 32.4 27.6 25.4Timor-Leste .. .. .. 2.7 .. .. .. -26.3 17.2 50.5Togo 8.0 9.9 9.8 8.7 8.9 -2.4 8.8 -11.5 31.3 10.6Tuvalu 1.3 3.1 3.2 3.4 24.4 8.7 13.9 3.1 16.8 5.9Uganda 5.8 5.3 7.5 7.4 3.4 13.5 12.4 10.6 24.7 15.4United Republic of Tanzania 0.9 7.9 9.2 8.4 -7.4 5.8 7.3 -0.7 17.0 24.5Vanuatu 4.1 5.9 4.2 3.2 7.9 1.2 9.4 1.4 31.9 8.3Yemen .. 7.8 5.5 7.9 .. 4.8 23.1 38.7 41.6 5.9Zambia 18.3 36.1 10.8 10.5 5.6 -13.1 22.3 45.0 2.1 29.5LDCs 6.4 10.6 9.8 9.8 1.9 1.6 14.1 15.7 20.1 20.3LDCs: Africa and Haiti 4.9 10.0 7.6 7.6 2.1 -2.1 16.0 16.5 19.4 20.5LDCs: Asia 13.9 12.0 12.6 13.9 1.6 6.0 12.5 15.2 20.7 20.2LDCs: Islands 7.0 6.6 7.2 5.9 4.4 6.6 9.2 0.3 25.5 9.1Other Developing economies 21.3 22.9 22.9 24.2 5.0 5.9 13.6 16.9 18.8 17.3All Developing economies 20.2 22.4 22.6 23.7 4.9 5.8 13.6 16.9 18.8 17.4Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADSTAT database, October, 2010. a 1993-1995 for Eritrea and Ethiopia.


7. Gross Capital Formation: Annual Average Growth rates and shares in GDP(percentage)

Country Share in GDP Annual average growth rate1980 1990 2000 2008 1980-

19901990-2000

2000-2008

2006 2007 2008

Afghanistan 13.2 13.4 14.3 28.8 -1.1 -1.1 38.0 115.6 25.3 15.5Angola 19.5 11.7 12.7 12.7 1.2 -2.2 18.8 10.3 71.6 52.7Bangladesh 21.8 18.3 23.0 24.2 3.7 8.6 7.9 5.2 5.2 12.9Benin 22.2 14.2 18.7 20.6 -2.5 6.0 15.0 -5.5 22.2 18.2Bhutan 31.2 36.3 47.3 39.4 10.0 7.6 10.3 -4.1 -1.2 15.7Burkina Faso 22.2 18.8 17.9 21.5 5.2 -1.2 19.7 81.5 -7.1 26.1Burundi 13.9 15.8 7.5 13.1 1.6 -12.8 17.7 61.5 92.9 -54.4Cambodia 9.3 8.3 17.5 23.0 10.9 17.1 17.5 34.3 28.6 20.1Central African Republic 7.0 12.7 11.1 10.1 10.7 -5.6 8.7 51.9 8.9 13.7Chad 8.2 7.2 17.5 15.9 6.1 7.0 14.8 22.9 -33.5 14.8Comoros 33.2 20.2 10.1 13.5 2.9 -6.4 14.3 6.2 3.2 29.6Dem. Rep. of the Congo 24.9 9.1 11.0 24.2 -5.5 0.7 24.4 -21.7 36.5 41.0Djibouti 14.4 27.1 12.3 46.7 6.5 -7.7 32.8 16.7 64.0 32.8Equatorial Guinea 11.9 54.4 61.9 22.4 24.9 33.8 23.3 25.2 47.3 44.7Eritrea .. .. 22.0 10.9 .. 21.0a -3.5 -0.6 -25.8 -8.9Ethiopia .. .. 20.3 21.2 .. 11.8a 17.4 10.5 29.8 30.0Gambia 23.6 29.7 36.7 48.4 9.7 3.5 3.6 18.6 17.9 15.7Guinea 13.4 17.0 19.7 13.7 10.3 1.0 1.1 0.4 -1.5 1.6Guinea-Bissau 28.2 14.7 15.1 15.6 -1.7 -4.8 7.7 23.4 20.3 1.3Haiti 17.9 14.3 12.9 12.3 4.2 8.9 10.4 13.8 25.7 20.6Kiribati 44.0 93.1 50.7 78.0 4.9 2.2 15.4 24.3 -4.3 8.2Lao People's Dem. Rep. 7.4 11.3 20.9 36.8 14.9 8.0 24.1 16.8 21.1 50.9Lesotho 39.4 55.7 42.1 28.4 6.0 -0.4 6.7 6.5 8.2 10.3Liberia 26.8 10.8 7.5 18.8 -11.0 1.2 27.2 36.4 59.8 -2.7Madagascar 23.5 17.0 16.2 34.0 -4.3 6.1 20.5 9.6 24.7 45.6Malawi 30.6 23.7 20.0 27.4 1.8 -2.9 11.9 30.7 11.5 33.5Maldives 31.5 31.5 26.3 44.7 13.5 12.0 21.5 40.1 19.5 0.7Mali 18.5 22.2 20.2 25.2 8.9 1.0 17.9 10.4 0.6 42.1Mauritania 26.8 19.5 18.6 21.0 -5.3 4.5 18.5 82.2 -40.1 -14.6Mozambique 8.9 17.2 33.5 20.1 1.2 13.0 3.4 11.2 3.7 10.0Myanmar 21.5 13.4 12.4 13.6 -10.2 1.6 18.7 25.7 20.4 40.5Nepal 16.8 17.0 22.3 29.0 7.1 7.1 17.0 16.3 13.8 41.2Niger 30.2 14.7 13.9 26.3 -6.6 -2.0 25.2 84.0 10.5 16.6Rwanda 19.6 13.9 18.0 22.7 5.4 0.3 14.7 29.3 18.6 35.4Samoa 26.3 22.9 14.2 8.7 -0.2 1.7 5.4 4.8 -2.9 13.1Sao Tome and Principe 16.8 29.5 35.8 65.4 8.5 -2.6 21.1 3.1 104.8 17.0Senegal 7.1 8.8 20.5 30.2 10.3 6.7 21.2 22.8 9.0 28.2Sierra Leone 19.1 11.9 8.0 14.5 -5.5 -7.9 .. 77.4 204.9 16.4Solomon Islands 22.0 20.1 19.6 13.9 3.1 5.6 4.8 33.3 17.0 16.2Somalia 9.1 23.6 20.4 20.3 21.2 11.6 4.1 4.7 9.3 6.0Sudan 23.1 7.3 18.3 20.8 -8.4 4.9 28.0 31.3 38.5 24.9Timor-Leste .. .. .. 23.2 .. .. .. 4.3 0.7 74.6Togo 36.3 15.7 15.8 12.4 0.1 0.1 10.0 19.7 14.0 8.9Tuvalu 33.1 93.1 54.7 55.8 14.4 0.6 14.0 9.3 3.2 16.9Uganda 6.2 14.1 18.1 24.1 11.1 10.9 16.4 18.1 5.4 34.6United Republic of Tanzania 22.7 41.3 16.7 31.5 1.0 -1.1 19.0 22.6 11.9 26.2Vanuatu 28.9 42.1 32.4 33.0 8.1 3.4 13.9 13.6 25.1 13.4Yemen .. 8.2 15.9 39.3 .. 16.5 32.2 45.3 58.6 54.1Zambia 23.3 17.3 18.7 26.4 -5.6 2.6 28.0 27.4 34.1 16.6LDCs 20.2 15.0 19.4 23.5 0.4 4.9 17.5 20.2 20.0 26.9LDCs: Africa and Haiti 19.4 14.4 18.5 21.9 0.7 2.9 19.1 21.5 21.4 27.0LDCs: Asia 21.6 16.1 20.6 26.3 -0.2 8.2 15.5 18.4 18.0 27.3LDCs: Islands 27.0 29.0 23.7 29.2 5.8 4.4 17.8 25.2 18.8 11.9Other Developing economies 28.1 25.4 24.9 31.5 2.6 5.8 16.4 17.7 19.3 21.9All Developing economies 27.8 25.0 24.7 31.2 2.5 5.8 16.4 17.7 19.3 22.0Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADSTAT database, October, 2010. a 1993-1995 for Eritrea and Ethiopia.


8. Indicators on Area and PopulationArea Population

country Land area

% of arable land and

land under permanent

crops

% of land area covered by forest

density Total Urban activity rate

(000km2) (pop/km2) (millions) % men female total

2008 2008 2008 2008 2009 2009 2008Afghanistan 652.2 12.1 2.1 43 28.2 24.4 84.5 33.0 59.7Angola 1,246.7 3.0 47.1 15 18.5 57.6 88.5 74.3 81.2Bangladesh 130.2 66.8 11.1 1127 162.2 27.6 82.8 58.3 70.6Benin 110.6 25.7 42.1 79 8.9 41.6 78.8 66.7 72.8Bhutan 38.4 4.1 84.1 18 0.7 35.7 69.1 51.2 60.9Burkina Faso 273.6 23.2 21.1 57 15.8 20.0 90.9 77.7 84.2Burundi 25.7 50.2 6.8 298 8.3 10.7 87.8 91.0 89.4Cambodia 176.5 23.0 58.6 82 14.8 22.2 84.3 73.3 78.5Central African Republic 623.0 3.2 36.4 7 4.4 38.7 86.5 71.4 78.7Chad 1,259.2 3.4 9.3 9 11.2 27.1 78.7 63.2 70.8Comoros 1.9 72.5 2.0 467 0.9 28.0 85.5 73.1 79.3Democratic Rep. of the Congo 2,267.1 3.3 68.3 28 66.0 34.6 85.4 56.2 70.5Djibouti 23.2 0.0 0.2 37 0.9 87.7 79.1 61.1 70.0Equatorial Guinea 28.1 7.3 58.8 24 0.7 39.5 92.2 38.4 64.9Eritrea 101.0 6.7 15.3 43 5.1 21.1 83.4 60.2 71.4Ethiopia 1,000.0 14.5 12.6 75 82.8 17.2 90.3 78.3 84.2Gambia 10.0 39.5 47.6 151 1.7 57.4 85.3 70.6 77.8Guinea 245.7 12.6 26.9 41 10.1 34.8 89.2 79.0 84.1Guinea-Bissau 28.1 19.6 72.6 45 1.6 29.9 83.6 59.5 71.4Haiti 27.6 47.2 3.7 362 10.0 48.3 82.6 58.2 70.1Kiribati 0.8 42.0 15.0 121 0.1 43.9 0.0 0.0 0.0Lao People's Dem. Republic 230.8 5.8 68.9 27 6.3 32.0 78.7 77.8 78.2Lesotho 30.4 11.8 1.4 68 2.1 26.1 77.9 70.3 73.7Liberia 96.3 6.4 45.6 36 4.0 60.8 75.8 66.6 71.1Madagascar 581.5 6.1 21.8 33 19.6 29.8 88.6 84.1 86.3Malawi 94.1 38.5 35.1 129 15.3 19.3 78.6 75.1 76.8Maldives 0.3 26.7 3.0 1030 0.3 39.2 74.5 56.1 65.4Mali 1,220.2 4.1 10.4 10 13.0 32.7 67.6 37.0 51.8Mauritania 1,030.7 0.4 0.2 3 3.3 41.2 81.2 58.5 69.9Mozambique 786.4 6.0 50.2 29 22.9 37.6 86.9 84.9 85.9Myanmar 653.5 17.9 49.6 74 50.0 33.2 85.3 63.9 74.2Nepal 143.4 17.3 25.4 199 29.3 17.7 80.1 63.2 71.5Niger 1,266.7 11.5 1.0 12 15.3 16.6 87.7 37.5 62.1Rwanda 24.7 63.6 16.8 380 10.0 18.6 85.0 86.3 85.7Samoa 2.8 22.3 60.4 63 0.2 22.9 76.2 38.0 57.9Sao Tome and Principe 1.0 56.3 28.1 170 0.2 61.3 75.9 44.2 59.7Senegal 192.5 18.5 44.4 64 12.5 42.6 88.7 64.5 76.4Sierra Leone 71.6 26.9 38.6 79 5.7 38.0 67.6 65.7 66.6Solomon Islands 28.0 2.7 79.5 18 0.5 18.2 48.6 23.6 36.4Somalia 627.3 1.6 11.0 14 9.1 37.0 84.6 56.5 70.3Sudan 2,376.0 8.8 29.5 17 42.3 44.4 73.9 30.9 52.4Timor-Leste 14.9 15.1 51.4 76 1.1 27.7 82.6 58.8 70.9Togo 54.4 48.4 6.0 117 6.6 42.7 85.7 63.2 74.3Tuvalu 0.0 60.0 33.3 333 0.0 50.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Uganda 197.1 40.1 16.1 136 32.7 13.1 90.6 78.4 84.5United Republic of Tanzania 885.8 12.4 38.6 46 43.7 25.9 90.5 86.3 88.4Vanuatu 12.2 11.9 36.1 20 0.2 25.0 87.8 79.0 83.5Yemen 528.0 3.0 1.0 45 23.6 31.2 73.4 19.5 46.6Zambia 743.4 3.2 67.0 17 12.9 35.5 78.5 59.9 69.1LDCs 20,163.4 8.6 30.1 40 835.7 29.0 84.0 62.9 73.3LDCs: Africa and Haiti 17,548.6 7.7 30.4 29 517.0 30.0 83.4 66.3 74.9LDCs: Asia 2,553.0 14.9 27.0 121 315.1 27.4 80.1 55.3 67.7LDCs: Islands 61.8 12.0 58.9 56 3.5 29.0 76.4 53.7 65.0Other Developing economies 56,594.9 13.3 28.5 81 4,665.3 47.4 77.5 47.5 62.5All Developing economies 76,758.2 12.0 28.9 70 5,501.0 44.6 78.7 53.0 65.9Sources: FAO, FAOSTAT online data, oct.2010; United Nations/DESA/Population Division; World Bank, WDI database online, October,.2010.Notes: Land area: country area excluding Inland water.


9. Indicators on Demography

Country

Infant mortality rate

Under-5 mortality rate Average life expectancy at birth

(years)

Crude birth rate

Crude death rate

(per 1,000 live births) (Per 1,000 population)1990 2009 1990 2009 1990 2008 1990 2008 1990 2008 1990 2008 1990 2008

female male totalAfghanistan 167 134 250 199 41.2 43.9 41.4 44.0 41.3 43.9 51.5 46.6 22.9 19.7Angola 153 98 258 161 43.8 49.1 40.2 45.1 42.0 47.0 52.5 42.9 22.7 17.1Bangladesh 102 41 148 52 54.8 67.2 53.4 65.1 54.1 66.1 34.8 21.6 12.2 6.6Benin 111 75 184 118 55.0 62.6 52.5 60.3 53.8 61.4 45.4 39.6 14.5 9.3Bhutan 91 52 148 79 54.2 68.0 51.1 64.3 52.6 66.1 38.3 21.5 13.9 7.2Burkina Faso 110 91 201 166 48.2 54.3 46.6 51.7 47.4 53.0 47.7 47.8 17.5 13.1Burundi 114 101 189 166 48.0 51.9 44.7 49.0 46.3 50.4 46.1 34.6 18.5 14.0Cambodia 85 68 117 88 56.6 62.8 53.2 59.2 54.9 61.0 43.3 24.9 12.5 8.4Central African Republic 115 112 175 171 51.9 48.5 46.8 45.5 49.3 47.0 41.2 35.6 16.8 17.1Chad 120 124 201 209 53.1 50.0 49.5 47.5 51.2 48.7 47.6 45.8 16.4 16.8Comoros 90 75 128 104 58.4 67.6 54.5 63.2 56.4 65.3 37.3 32.7 11.0 6.8Dem. Rep. of the Congo 126 126 199 199 49.6 49.3 46.0 46.1 47.7 47.6 50.4 45.1 18.0 17.2Djibouti 95 75 123 94 52.4 56.8 49.4 54.0 50.8 55.4 41.7 28.7 14.3 11.1Equatorial Guinea 120 88 198 145 48.4 51.4 45.2 49.1 46.7 50.2 48.2 38.0 19.9 15.1Eritrea 92 39 150 55 50.3 61.8 46.0 57.2 48.1 59.5 _ 37.3 _ 8.6Ethiopia 124 67 210 104 48.5 56.7 45.5 53.8 46.9 55.2 _ 38.6 _ 12.0Gambia 104 78 153 103 52.7 57.6 49.8 54.3 51.2 55.9 45.8 37.0 16.8 11.4Guinea 137 88 231 142 49.7 59.9 46.9 55.9 48.3 57.8 44.9 39.9 16.3 11.2Guinea-Bissau 142 115 240 193 45.3 49.4 42.4 46.3 43.8 47.8 45.1 41.4 19.6 17.4Haiti 105 64 152 87 56.3 63.1 53.5 59.5 54.9 61.2 38.5 27.9 16.2 9.1Kiribati 65 37 89 46 59.1 63.1 54.6 58.9 56.8 60.9 .. .. .. ..Lao People's Dem. Rep. 108 46 157 59 55.6 66.4 53.1 63.6 54.3 65.0 39.9 27.6 11.8 7.1Lesotho 74 61 93 84 61.0 45.6 57.4 44.5 59.2 45.0 38.7 29.1 12.2 16.9Liberia 165 80 247 112 50.4 59.7 46.7 56.9 48.5 58.3 41.8 38.6 14.1 10.6Madagascar 102 41 167 58 52.1 62.0 49.7 58.8 50.9 60.3 46.2 36.2 16.3 9.3Malawi 129 69 218 110 50.5 54.1 48.1 52.1 49.2 53.1 47.1 40.5 16.3 12.4Maldives 80 11 113 13 59.7 73.2 60.9 70.1 60.3 71.6 43.7 18.8 13.6 4.6Mali 139 101 250 191 43.5 49.1 42.5 47.8 43.0 48.4 43.9 42.8 15.3 15.9Mauritania 81 74 129 117 57.4 58.7 53.9 54.8 55.6 56.7 43.1 33.8 16.6 10.5Mozambique 155 96 232 142 44.9 48.7 41.8 47.1 43.3 47.9 42.1 39.5 15.8 16.1Myanmar 84 54 118 71 60.8 63.8 57.0 59.4 58.9 61.6 34.4 20.7 15.7 9.9Nepal 99 39 142 48 53.7 67.4 54.2 66.0 54.0 66.7 33.3 25.6 11.4 6.5Niger 144 76 305 160 41.9 52.3 41.3 50.5 41.6 51.4 47.2 54.1 18.2 15.2Rwanda 103 70 171 111 34.7 52.0 30.8 48.4 32.7 50.1 48.3 41.0 32.9 14.7Samoa 40 21 50 25 68.4 75.0 61.8 68.7 65.0 71.8 40.9 23.8 13.3 5.3Sao Tome and Principe 62 52 95 78 63.6 67.5 60.8 63.7 62.2 65.5 37.3 32.4 8.1 7.5Senegal 73 51 151 93 53.4 57.2 50.8 54.1 52.0 55.6 41.3 38.8 12.1 11.0Sierra Leone 166 123 285 192 41.7 48.9 38.3 46.4 40.0 47.6 43.7 40.4 19.7 16.0Solomon Islands 31 30 38 36 57.1 67.2 56.4 65.3 56.7 66.3 40.6 30.8 16.2 6.2Somalia 109 109 180 180 46.1 51.3 43.0 48.4 44.5 49.8 43.0 44.2 16.2 15.9Sudan 78 69 124 108 54.1 59.7 51.1 56.6 52.5 58.1 42.8 31.6 15.8 10.3Timor-Leste 138 48 184 56 46.6 62.0 45.0 60.3 45.8 61.1 0.0 40.2 0.0 8.8Togo 89 64 150 98 59.9 64.3 55.7 60.8 57.7 62.5 41.0 33.1 10.9 8.2Tuvalu 42 29 53 35 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Uganda 111 79 184 128 49.8 53.3 46.1 52.1 47.9 52.7 49.4 46.3 17.3 12.9United Republic of Tanzania 99 68 162 108 52.7 56.5 49.0 54.9 50.8 55.6 46.3 41.6 15.5 11.5Vanuatu 33 14 40 16 64.7 72.3 61.8 68.4 63.2 70.3 40.7 30.4 10.9 5.0Yemen 88 51 125 66 55.0 64.6 53.7 61.3 54.3 62.9 42.8 37.1 9.8 7.4Zambia 108 86 179 141 52.8 45.9 49.4 44.9 51.1 45.4 44.0 43.2 15.6 17.5LDCs 112 78 179 121 54.6 62.0 52.0 59.0 53.3 60.4 41.9 35.2 15.4 11.6LDCs: Africa and Haiti 117 85 195 137 50.0 54.4 46.9 51.7 48.4 53.0 45.4 41.2 17.0 13.5LDCs: Asia 103 60 149 81 54.0 63.0 52.1 60.4 53.0 61.7 41.2 25.6 15.0 8.5LDCs: Islands 89 45 121 57 59.7 68.5 57.0 64.8 58.3 66.6 32.3 32.2 11.2 6.9Other developing countries 61 38 85 51 69.9 72.9 65.0 68.3 67.4 70.5 26.3 20.4 8.4 7.6All developing countries 71 48 103 67 62.3 67.4 58.5 63.6 60.3 65.5 29.0 22.6 9.1 8.2Sources: UNICEF, Child info, September 2010, Child mortality database; World Bank, World Development Indicators, online database October, 2010; UNSD,

Population division, World Population Prospect rev. 2008.


10. Indicators on Health

Countrylow

birthweight infant

Skilled attendant at delivery

Percentage of 1-year-old children immunized against:

Estimated number of children

living with HIV

Estimated number of

people living with HIV

Estimated adult HIV

prevalence rate

(%) (%) (%) (thousands) (%)TB DPT3 Measles (0-14 years) (0+ years) (15+ years)

2008a 2008a 2008 2007 2007 end 2007Afghanistan – 24.0 85 85 75 – – –Angola 12 47.3 87 81 79 17 190 2.1Bangladesh 22 18.0 98 95 89 – 12 –Benin 15 74.0 88 67 61 5.4 64 1.2Bhutan 15 71.4 99 96 99 – <0.5 0.1Burkina Faso 16 53.5 92 79 75 10 130 1.6Burundi 11 33.6 99 92 84 15 110 2Cambodia 14 43.8 98 91 89 4.4 75 0.8Cape Verde 6 77.5 99 98 96 – – –Central African Republic 13 53.4 74 54 62 14 160 6.3Chad 22 14.4 40 20 23 19 200 3.5Comoros 25 .. 81 81 76 – <0.2 <0.1Dem. Rep. of the Congo 12 74.0 74 69 67 – – –Djibouti 10 92.9 90 89 73 1.1 16 3.1Equatorial Guinea 13 .. 73 33 51 <1.0 11 3.4Eritrea 14 28.3 99 97 95 3.1 38 1.3Ethiopia 20 5.7 81 81 74 92 980 2.1Gambia 20 56.8 95 96 91 – 8.2 0.9Guinea 12 46.1 84 66 64 6.3 87 1.6Guinea-Bissau 24 38.8 89 63 76 1.5 16 1.8Haiti 25 26.1 75 53 58 6.8 120 2.2Kiribati 5 63.0 83 82 72 – – –Lao People's Dem. Rep. 11 20.3 68 61 52 – 5.5 0.2Lesotho 13 55.4 96 83 85 12 270 23.2Liberia 14 46.3 80 64 64 3.1 35 1.7Madagascar 17 51.3 94 82 81 <0.5 14 0.1Malawi 13 53.6 97 91 88 91 930 11.9Maldives 22 84.0 99 98 97 – – –Mali 19 49.0 77 68 68 9.4 100 1.5Mauritania 34 60.9 89 74 65 <0.5 14 0.8Mozambique 15 55.3 87 72 77 100 1500 12.5Myanmar 15 67.5 88 85 82 – 240 0.7Nepal 21 18.7 87 82 79 – 70 0.5Niger 27 32.9 64 66 80 3.2 60 0.8Rwanda 6 52.1 93 97 92 19 150 2.8Samoa 4 100.0 99 46 45 – – –Sao Tome and Principe 8 80.7 99 99 93 – – –Senegal 19 51.9 98 88 77 3.1 67 1Sierra Leone 24 43.2 82 60 60 4 55 1.7Solomon Islands 13 70.1 81 78 60 – – –Somalia – 33.0 36 31 24 <1.0 24 0.5Sudan 31 49.2 83 86 79 25 320 1.4Timor-Leste 12 18.4 85 79 73 – – –Togo 12 62.0 92 89 77 10 130 3.3Tuvalu 5 97.9 99 99 93 – – –Uganda 14 41.9 90 64 68 130 940 5.4United Rep. of Tanzania 10 43.4 89 84 88 140 1400 6.2Vanuatu 10 74.0 97 76 65 – – –Yemen 32 35.7 60 69 62 – – –Zambia 11 46.5 92 80 85 95 1100 15.2LDCs 17 39.1 84 78 76 970 9600 2.1All developing countries 16 62.5 89 80 81 2000 29700 0.9Sources: UNICEF, The State of World's children 2010; UNAIDS, Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic, 2008. a 2008 or latest year available.


11. Indicators on nutrition and sanitation

CountryTotal Food Supply (Kcal/capita/day)

% of population using improved drinking water sources

% of population using adequate sanitation facilities

1990 2007 2006 2006total urban rural total urban rural

Afghanistan .. .. 22 37 17 30 45 25Angola 1,590 1,973 51 62 39 50 79 16Bangladesh 1,960 2,281 80 85 78 36 48 32Benin 2,214 2,533 65 78 57 30 59 11Bhutan .. .. 81 98 79 52 71 50Burkina Faso 2,400 2,677 72 97 66 13 41 6Burundi 1,864 1,685 71 84 70 41 44 41Cambodia 1,810 2,268 65 80 61 28 62 19Cape Verde 2,352 2,572 – – – – – –Central African Republic 1,887 1,986 66 90 51 31 40 25Chad 1,606 2,056 48 71 40 9 23 4Comoros 1,887 1,884 85 91 81 35 49 26Dem. Rep. of the Congo 2,206 1,605 46 82 29 31 42 25Djibouti 1,734 2,291 92 98 54 67 76 11Equatorial Guinea .. .. 43 45 42 51 60 46Eritrea .. 1,605 60 74 57 5 14 3Ethiopia .. 1,980 42 96 31 11 27 8Gambia 2,521 2,385 86 91 81 52 50 55Guinea 2,384 2,568 70 91 59 19 33 12Guinea-Bissau 2,239 2,306 57 82 47 33 48 26Haiti 1,735 1,870 58 70 51 19 29 12Kiribati 2,592 2,899 65 77 53 33 46 20Lao People's Dem. Republic 2,036 2,240 60 86 53 48 87 38Lesotho 2,325 2,476 78 93 74 36 43 34Liberia 2,072 2,204 64 72 52 32 49 7Madagascar 2,268 2,160 47 76 36 12 18 10Malawi 1,914 2,172 76 96 72 60 51 62Maldives 2,349 2,685 83 98 76 59 100 42Mali 2,201 2,614 60 86 48 45 59 39Mauritania 2,551 2,841 60 70 54 24 44 10Mozambique 1,829 2,067 42 71 26 31 53 19Myanmar 1,865 2,465 80 80 80 82 85 81Nepal 2,158 2,360 89 94 88 27 45 24Niger 2,116 2,376 42 91 32 7 27 3Rwanda 1,709 2,085 65 82 61 48 51 47Samoa 2,619 2,886 88 90 87 100 100 100Sao Tome and Principe 2,227 2,684 86 88 83 24 29 18Senegal 2,231 2,348 77 93 65 28 54 9Sierra Leone 1,942 2,170 53 83 32 11 20 5Solomon Islands 2,081 2,422 70 94 65 32 98 18Somalia .. .. 29 63 10 23 51 7Sudan 1,890 2,282 70 78 64 35 50 24Timor-Leste 1,837 2,066 62 77 56 41 64 32Togo 2,010 2,161 59 86 40 12 24 3Tuvalu .. .. 93 94 92 89 93 84Uganda 2,331 2,211 64 90 60 33 29 34United Rep. of Tanzania 2,121 2,032 55 81 46 33 31 34Vanuatu 2,561 2,740 – – – – – –Yemen 1,961 2,068 66 68 65 46 88 30Zambia 2,042 1,873 58 90 41 52 55 51LDCs 1,892 2,063 62 81 55 33 49 27All developing countries 2,406 2,610 84 94 76 53 71 39Source: FAO, FAOSTAT database online data, oct 2010; UNICEF, The State of World's Children, 2010.


12. Indicators on Education and LiteracyCountry Adult literacy rate

(%)2008a

Youth literacy rate(%)

2008a

School enrolment ratio (%)Primary2009b

Secondary2009b

Tertiary2009b

Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total

Afghanistan ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 38.2 14.6 26.8 2.0 0.5 1.3Angola 82.8 57.0 69.6 80.8 65.2 72.9 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2.8Bangladesh 60.0 49.8 55.0 73.3 75.5 74.4 84.7 86.3 85.5 40.4 42.6 41.5 8.9 5.0 7.0Benin 53.5 28.1 40.8 64.1 42.1 53.3 98.9 86.5 92.8 ... ... ... ... ... 5.8Bhutan 65.0 38.7 52.8 80.0 68.0 74.4 86.3 88.5 87.4 46.0 49.0 47.5 8.2 4.8 6.6Burkina Faso 36.7 21.6 28.7 46.7 33.1 39.3 67.1 59.4 63.3 17.7 13.1 15.4 4.6 2.2 3.4Burundi 72.3 59.9 65.9 76.5 75.3 75.9 99.9 98.8 99.4 ... ... ... 3.2 1.4 2.7Cambodia 85.1 70.9 77.6 89.4 85.5 87.5 90.4 86.7 88.6 36.3 31.8 34.1 9.1 4.9 7.0Central African Republic 68.8 41.1 54.6 72.1 56.4 64.2 76.9 56.6 66.7 13.2 7.7 10.4 3.5 1.5 2.5Chad 43.8 21.9 32.7 53.5 37.2 45.4 71.8 50.0 61.0 15.7 5.2 10.5 3.3 - 1.9Comoros 79.3 67.8 73.6 85.7 84.1 84.9 ... ... ... ... ... ... 3.0 2.3 2.7Dem. Rep. of the Congo 77.5 56.1 66.6 68.8 61.8 65.3 ... ... ... ... ... ... 6.0 2.1 5.0Djibouti ... ... ... ... ... ... 43.7 38.8 41.2 25.1 17.9 21.5 3.1 2.1 2.6Equatorial Guinea 96.9 89.1 93.0 97.6 98.1 97.8 69.7 63.1 66.4 ... ... ... ... ... ...Eritrea 77.0 54.5 65.3 91.1 84.4 87.8 41.6 36.1 38.9 30.4 21.7 26.0 3.0 1.0 2.0Ethiopia 50.0 22.8 35.9 62.2 38.5 49.9 81.0 75.4 78.2 30.8 19.8 25.3 5.5 1.7 3.6Gambia 56.7 34.3 45.3 70.1 58.1 64.1 66.5 71.0 68.7 42.2 41.4 41.8 2.0 - 1.2Guinea 49.6 26.4 38.0 66.5 50.6 58.7 76.3 66.2 71.3 34.2 21.0 27.7 13.7 4.6 9.2Guinea-Bissau 66.1 36.5 51.0 77.6 61.6 69.6 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2.9Haiti ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Kiribati ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 64.9 71.8 68.3 . . .Lao People's Dem. Rep. 82.5 63.2 72.7 89.2 78.7 83.9 84.1 80.7 82.4 38.5 33.5 36.0 15.0 11.7 13.4Lesotho 82.6 95.1 89.5 85.6 98.0 91.9 71.2 74.3 72.7 19.5 30.9 25.2 3.3 3.9 3.6Liberia 63.3 53.0 58.1 70.1 79.5 74.8 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Madagascar 76.5 65.3 70.7 72.7 68.2 70.2 98.1 98.9 98.5 23.3 24.4 23.8 3.6 3.2 3.4Malawi 80.2 65.8 72.8 86.5 85.0 85.7 87.9 93.4 90.6 25.9 24.0 25.0 0.7 - -Maldives 98.4 98.4 98.4 99.2 99.4 99.3 97.3 95.1 96.2 68.1 70.8 69.4 - - -Mali 34.9 18.2 26.2 47.4 30.8 38.8 79.3 66.4 72.9 34.9 22.2 28.6 7.7 3.2 5.5Mauritania 64.1 49.5 56.8 70.5 63.4 67.0 73.9 78.8 76.3 17.3 15.2 16.3 4.9 1.8 3.8Mozambique 69.5 40.1 54.0 77.7 62.1 69.9 82.4 77.3 79.9 6.5 6.0 6.2 1.9 1.0 1.5Myanmar 94.7 89.2 91.9 96.0 95.1 95.6 ... ... ... 48.8 49.5 49.2 9.1 12.4 10.7Nepal 71.1 45.4 57.9 86.2 75.0 80.8 ... ... ... ... ... ... 7.8 3.1 5.6Niger 42.9 15.1 28.7 52.4 23.2 36.5 60.0 47.6 54.0 11.0 6.8 8.9 2.2 0.7 1.4Rwanda 74.8 66.1 70.3 77.1 77.1 77.1 94.7 97.0 95.9 ... ... ... 3.3 2.0 4.0Samoa 99.0 98.5 98.7 99.4 99.5 99.5 92.9 92.6 92.8 66.3 75.2 70.6 ... ... ...Sao Tome and Principe 93.5 83.3 88.3 94.7 95.6 95.2 94.9 97.4 96.1 36.1 40.2 38.1 4.3 4.0 4.1Senegal 52.3 33.0 41.9 58.1 44.5 50.9 72.1 73.8 72.9 28.4 21.7 25.1 10.4 5.6 8.0Sierra Leone 51.7 28.9 39.8 66.0 45.9 55.7 ... ... ... 29.7 20.4 24.9 ... ... ...Solomon Islands ... ... ... ... ... ... 66.9 67.2 67.0 31.7 28.6 30.2 . . .Somalia ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... - - -Sudan 79.0 59.6 69.3 88.6 81.7 85.2 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...Timor-Leste ... ... ... ... ... ... 77.5 74.3 75.9 29.9 32.9 31.4 17.7 12.5 15.2Togo 76.6 53.7 64.9 87.0 80.0 83.5 98.1 89.0 93.5 ... ... ... ... ... 5.3Tuvalu ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . . .Uganda 82.4 66.8 74.6 89.1 85.5 87.3 95.9 98.3 97.1 22.5 20.7 21.6 4.1 3.3 3.7United Rep. of Tanzania 79.0 66.3 72.6 78.7 76.3 77.5 99.6 99.1 99.3 ... ... ... 2.0 1.0 1.5Vanuatu 83.0 79.5 81.3 93.5 93.7 93.6 98.2 96.3 97.3 40.7 35.3 38.1 5.9 3.5 4.8Yemen 78.9 42.8 60.9 95.1 70.0 82.9 79.4 65.7 72.7 48.5 25.9 37.4 14.3 6.0 10.2Zambia 80.6 61.0 70.7 82.1 67.5 74.8 94.6 95.8 95.2 47.5 38.8 43.1 ... ... ...LDCs 68.5 51.4 59.8 75.7 67.5 71.5 85.0 82.0 83.5 33.7 28.9 31.3 6.9 3.9 5.5All developing countries 85.3 73.0 79.0 90.6 84.5 87.4 88.1 84.8 86.8 53.6 52.3 53.0 20.3 19.7 20.0Source: UNESCO Institute for statistics (UIS) online, October, 2010.Note: a 2003-2008 latest year available; b 2003-2009 latest year available.


13. Indicators on Communication and Media

Country

Post Offices open to the

public

Radio receivers

Television sets

Telephone mainlines

Mobile users

Personal computer

Internet users

(per 100,000 inhabitants) (per 1,000 inhabitants)

2008a 2009a

Afghanistan 1.7 129 80 4 426 3 36Angola 0.3 81 140 7 438 7 33Bangladesh 6.1 64 106 8 311 24 4Benin 1.8 357 45 12 563 7 22Bhutan 13.5 118 12 15 469 6 72Burkina Faso 0.5 111 19 8 209 7 11Burundi 0.6 166 36 3 101 8 8Cambodia 0.5 .. 8 3 378 4 5Central African Republic 0.6 111 10 3 38 3 5Chad 0.4 103 9 1 240 2 17Comoros 3.4 159 31 23 148 7 36Dem. Rep. of the Congo 0.2 379 5 1 154 0 6Djibouti 1.3 93 67 14 149 24 30Equatorial Guinea 1.4 .. 0 20 658 18 21Eritrea 1.4 433 67 8 28 8 49Ethiopia 1.3 171 7 11 49 6 5Gambia 1.6 147 14 28 840 33 76Guinea 0.9 81 18 5 557 5 9Guinea-Bissau 0.8 41 39 3 348 2 23Haiti 0.6 208 104 11 364 52 100Kiribati 25.9 89 41 43 10 10 20Lao People's Dem. Rep. 5.7 .. 57 16 512 17 48Lesotho 7.7 75 44 30 320 3 37Liberia 0.5 0 0 1 213 0 5Madagascar 2.9 121 37 8 306 5 16Malawi 2.3 268 11 13 157 2 47Maldives 70.7 102 131 151 1 479 201 284Mali 0.7 131 49 7 288 8 19Mauritania 1.0 132 46 24 663 44 23Mozambique 0.5 246 21 4 261 14 27Myanmar 2.8 63 7 15 9 9 2Nepal .. .. 21 28 260 5 21Niger 0.3 62 12 2 170 1 8Rwanda 0.2 143 8 2 243 3 45Samoa 19.6 1 025 122 105 844 23 50Sao Tome and Principe 2.5 312 127 49 393 38 164Senegal 1.3 106 44 19 551 21 74Sierra Leone 0.9 278 13 5 204 0 3Solomon Islands 32.1 132 12 16 57 46 19Somalia .. 65 26 11 70 9 12Sudan 0.5 443 370 9 363 115 99Timor-Leste 0.3 .. 0 2 102 0 2Togo 0.9 352 26 21 331 30 54Tuvalu .. 1 456 0 121 201 80 433Uganda 1.1 155 22 5 287 17 98United Rep. of Tanzania 0.8 398 41 3 399 9 16Vanuatu 26.5 .. 13 39 527 14 71Yemen 2.8 .. 344 45 163 28 18Zambia 3.0 145 64 7 341 11 63Source: UPU online data, October, 2010; ITU, World Telecom Indicators, 2009. a 2009 or latest year available.


14. Indicators on Transport and Transport NetworkCountry Road

networks 2007a

Railways 2007a

Civil Aviation

2007a

Total Paved Density Network Density Freight Passenger Freight Passenger

km % km/ 1000km2 km km/

1000km2

million tons per

km

million pass. per

km

million tons per

kmthousands

Afghanistan 42,150 29.3 64.6 .. .. .. .. .. ..Angola 51,429 10.4 41.3 .. .. .. .. 71 284Bangladesh 239,226 9.5 1661.3 2,835 19.7 870 5,609 84 1,224Benin 19,000 9.5 168.7 758 6.7 36 .. 7 46Bhutan 8,050 62.0 209.7 .. .. .. .. 0 51Burkina Faso 92,495 4.2 337.3 622 2.3 .. .. 0 81Burundi 12,322 10.4 442.8 .. .. .. .. .. ..Cambodia 38,257 6.3 211.3 650 3.6 92 45 1 211Central African Republic 24,307 .. 39.0 .. .. .. .. .. 46Chad 40,000 .. 31.2 .. .. .. .. .. 46Comoros 880 76.5 472.9 .. .. .. .. .. ..Congo, Dem. Rep. 153,497 1.8 65.5 4,007 1.7 352 95 7 95Djibouti 3,065 45.0 132.1 781 33.7 97 82 .. ..Equatorial Guinea 2,880 .. 102.7 .. .. .. .. .. ..Eritrea 4,010 21.8 34.1 .. .. .. .. .. ..Ethiopia 42,429 12.8 38.4 .. .. .. .. 228 2,715Gambia 3,742 19.3 331.2 .. .. .. .. .. ..Guinea 44,348 9.8 180.4 .. .. .. .. .. ..Guinea-Bissau 3,455 27.9 95.6 .. .. .. .. .. ..Haiti 4,160 24.3 149.9 .. .. .. .. .. ..Kiribati 670 .. 827.2 .. .. .. .. .. ..Lao PDR 29,811 13.4 125.9 .. .. .. .. 3 323Lesotho 5,940 18.3 195.7 .. .. .. .. .. ..Liberia 10,600 6.2 95.2 .. .. .. .. .. ..Madagascar 49,827 11.6 84.9 854 1.5 1 10 12 559Malawi 15,451 45.0 130.4 797 6.7 33 44 2 160Maldives .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0 93Mali 18,709 18.0 15.1 733 0.6 189 196 7 46Mauritania 11,066 26.8 10.7 728 0.7 7,622 47 0 154Mozambique 30,400 18.7 38.0 3,116 3.9 695 114 7 461Myanmar 27,000 11.9 39.9 .. .. 885 4,163 3 1,638Nepal 17,280 56.9 117.4 .. .. .. .. 7 520Niger 18,951 20.7 15.0 .. .. .. .. 7 46Rwanda 14,008 19.0 531.8 .. .. .. .. .. ..Samoa .. 14.2 .. .. .. .. .. 2 291Sao Tome and Principe 320 68.1 333.3 .. .. .. .. 0 52Senegal 13,576 29.3 69.0 .. .. 384 129 0 567Sierra Leone 11,300 8.0 157.5 .. .. .. .. 10 19Solomon Islands 1,391 2.4 48.1 .. .. .. .. 1 101Somalia 22,100 11.8 34.7 .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan 11,900 36.3 4.7 4,578 1.8 766 34 47 618Timor-Leste .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Togo 7,520 31.6 132.4 .. .. .. .. 7 46Tuvalu .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Uganda 70,746 23.0 293.5 259 0.3 218 .. 34 55United Rep. of Tanzania 78,891 8.6 83.3 2,600 174.8 728 475 1 203Vanuatu 1,070 23.9 87.8 .. .. .. .. 2 117Yemen 71,300 8.7 135.0 .. .. .. .. 33 1,065Zambia 66,781 22.0 88.7 1,273 1.7 .. .. 0 62Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators database, online data October, 2010.


15. Indicators on Energy , Environment and Natural Disasters

country

Electrifi-cation rate %

Population without

electricity thousand

people

Total Electricity net consumption

per capita (kilowatt-hours)

Total net installed electricity capacity (kilowatt per 1000

inhabitants)

Renewable net installed

electricity capacity (share of total net

installed electricity capacity) (percent)

Carbon Dioxide emissions per capita

(metric tons of carbon dioxide)

Forest area (%

change)

Number of natural

disasters

2008 a 2008 a 1990 2000 2007 1990 2000 2007 1990 2000 2007 1990 2000 2008 1990-2008

1990 2000 2009

Afghanistan 14.4 23,300 81 26 38 37 18 18 59.1 71.7 76.5 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 .. .. ..Angola 26.2 12,900 90 84 181 74 56 69 66.8 49.5 59.1 0.9 1.3 1.9 -3.8 0 6 4Bangladesh 41.0 94,900 43 88 136 23 26 34 9.1 6.4 4.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 -3.2 8 15 6Benin 24.8 7,000 34 59 71 3 8 7 0.0 1.9 1.7 0.1 0.2 0.4 -23.6 0 3 3Bhutan .. .. 87 405 782 586 703 722 96.9 97.2 96.5 0.2 0.5 0.5 23.2 0 1 2Burkina Faso 10.0 13,800 18 25 39 8 10 17 14.3 26.4 12.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 -18.7 1 0 4Burundi .. .. 21 19 16 8 8 4 74.4 78.2 97.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 -64.6 0 4 2Cambodia 24.0 11,200 15 30 89 5 10 24 22.2 7.7 3.8 0.1 0.2 0.3 -25.1 0 1 2Central African Rep. .. .. 30 26 25 14 10 9 51.2 47.2 47.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 -2.4 0 3 3Chad .. .. 13 10 9 5 4 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 -12.2 0 2 4Comoros .. .. 32 32 32 12 9 7 20.0 20.0 20.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 -215.8 0 0 1Dem. Rep. of the Congo 11.1 57,000 119 89 96 73 48 38 97.9 98.7 98.6 0.1 0.1 0.0 -3.6 1 2 6Djibouti .. .. 279 229 312 170 164 170 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.5 2.8 2.6 0.0 0 1 0Equatorial Guinea .. .. 42 39 41 13 24 22 20.0 16.7 23.1 0.3 4.2 7.4 -12.8 0 0 0Eritrea 32.0 3,400 .. 43 48 0 14 31 .. 0.0 0.6 -- 0.2 0.1 -4.3 0 0 0Ethiopia 15.3 68,700 21 23 40 8 8 10 92.1 90.4 83.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 -20.8 1 9 1Gambia .. .. 69 79 92 18 21 18 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 7.2 0 1 2Guinea .. .. 75 82 82 30 34 28 23.1 49.3 45.9 0.2 0.2 0.1 -9.8 0 2 1Guinea-Bissau .. .. 35 39 39 11 16 14 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 -8.5 0 0 0Haiti 38.5 6,000 64 33 28 22 31 28 39.4 25.8 25.8 0.1 0.2 0.2 -13.1 1 2 3Kiribati .. .. 91 144 137 28 33 37 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.0 0 0 0Lao People's Dem. Rep. 55.0 2,700 69 482 504 61 116 111 89.8 97.3 93.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 -8.8 0 3 2Lesotho 16.0 1,700 120 148 254 .. 37 36 .. 100.0 100.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 8.3 1 1 0Liberia .. .. 129 101 90 119 122 59 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.2 -12.3 1 2 2Madagascar 19.0 16,400 47 47 52 19 14 13 48.2 46.3 50.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 -8.1 0 3 4Malawi 9.0 13,000 70 95 109 19 21 22 78.9 91.3 92.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 -18.0 1 2 2Maldives .. .. 99 335 634 65 120 159 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.6 2.3 0.0 0 0 0Mali .. .. 26 35 39 10 18 22 51.7 47.4 55.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 -11.3 0 1 2Mauritania .. .. 62 82 123 55 58 64 58.1 56.6 51.1 0.5 1.3 0.9 -64.7 0 0 1Mozambique 11.7 19,300 51 226 464 186 131 114 88.1 91.5 91.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 -10.0 2 7 3Myanmar 13.0 42,800 42 71 90 28 26 30 23.5 29.3 42.5 0.1 0.2 0.3 -21.1 0 0 1Nepal 43.6 16,100 40 58 79 14 16 22 84.7 85.9 90.8 0.0 0.1 0.1 -32.8 2 3 5Niger .. .. 42 33 42 8 13 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 -58.3 1 4 2Rwanda .. .. 23 20 24 5 5 4 88.2 92.1 90.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 23.4 0 1 0Samoa .. .. 277 464 566 110 149 142 31.6 42.2 40.0 0.7 0.7 0.8 24.0 1 0 1Sao Tome and Principe .. .. 120 119 112 50 64 45 33.3 61.0 66.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.0 0 0 0Senegal 42.0 7,400 97 95 116 29 27 36 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.5 -9.3 0 1 1Sierra Leone .. .. 48 16 14 30 14 10 1.6 7.3 8.0 0.3 0.2 0.2 -12.8 0 1 1Solomon Islands .. .. 89 130 133 36 30 25 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.4 0.4 -4.5 0 0 1Somalia .. .. 35 30 30 10 8 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 -20.0 0 8 1Sudan 31.4 27,000 46 60 85 19 23 27 45.0 39.9 32.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 -9.0 2 2 2Timor-Leste 22.0 900 .. .. 0 0 0 0 .. .. .. -- -- 0.3 -26.4 0 0 0Togo 20.0 5,400 103 98 102 28 20 15 69.1 72.8 78.8 0.2 0.3 0.5 -109.7 0 0 1Tuvalu .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.0 1 0 0Uganda 9.0 29,100 34 53 67 9 12 13 95.7 98.6 74.4 0.0 0.1 0.1 -50.1 3 5 2United Rep. of Tanzania 11.5 36,800 54 57 77 20 26 24 65.0 65.0 60.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 -21.2 3 6 4Vanuatu .. .. 149 191 171 71 63 57 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.0 3 0 2Yemen 38.2 14,200 111 124 186 50 51 52 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.0 0 1 1Zambia 18.8 9,900 765 587 718 213 165 146 98.2 99.1 99.5 0.3 0.2 0.3 -6.0 1 3 2LDCs 23.9 b 540,900 b 63 80 112 33 30 31 60.6 56.5 51.8 0.1 0.1 0.2 -9.4 34 107 89LDCs: Africa and Haiti .. .. 72 75 103 37 31 29 77.2 73.4 69.9 0.1 0.2 0.2 -5.3 16 70 57LDCs: Asia .. .. 48 86 125 27 29 35 28.2 29.4 27.9 0.2 0.2 0.3 -17.2 6 18 11LDCs: Islands .. .. 102 168 141 46 55 38 13.0 17.9 14.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 -7.4 8 29 25All developing countries

72.0 1,453,000 542 827 1,291 161 230 329 31.9 28.0 25.4 1.6 1.9 3.0 -5.6 168 365 303

Source: OECD/IEA, World Energy Outlook, 2009; EIA, International Energy Annual 2009 (Octobyer, 2010); EM-DAT, OFDA/CRED International Disaster database, Université catholique de Louvain, accessed April 2010; and FAO, FAOSTAT online October, 2010.

Notes: aHouseholdelectrificationrate,2008orlatestyearavailable;b Includes 25 LDCs.


16. Status of Women in LDCs

Country

Education, training and literacy: female-male gapsa

Health, fertility and mortality

Economic activity, employment

Political Participation

Gender Inequality

IndexAdult

Literacy rate

School enrolment ratioFertility

rate (births per

woman)

Maternal Mortality (maternal deaths per 100'000 live

births)

Labour Force

Female labour force: Agriculture/Total Labour

Force

% of total

Primay school net enrolment

ratio

secondary school net enrolment

ratio

Tertiary gross

enrolment ratio

Women in parliements

2008b 2008b 2008b 2008b 2008 2008 2009 2009 end Sept 2010

Afghanistan .. .. 38.2 27.9 6.6 1400 23.2 82.1 .. 0.797Angola 69.0 .. .. .. 5.8 610 47.1 80.8 38.6 ..Bangladesh 83.0 101.9 105.3 55.4 2.3 340 40.2 58.3 18.6 0.734Benin 53.0 87.4 .. .. 5.4 410 40.7 44.0 10.8 0.759Bhutan 59.5 102.5 106.7 58.6 2.6 200 32.9 97.1 8.5 ..Burkina Faso 58.8 88.6 74.2 48.7 5.9 560 47.1 93.3 15.3 ..Burundi 83.0 98.8 .. 43.3 4.6 970 51.5 97.3 32.1 0.627Cambodia 83.3 96.0 87.7 53.6 2.9 290 48.5 70.3 21.1 0.672Cape Verde 89.0 98.2 111.7 123.8 2.7 94 42.4 17.3 18.1 ..Central African Republic 60.0 73.6 58.5 43.0 4.8 850 45.0 71.4 9.6 0.768Chad 50.0 69.6 33.1 .. 6.2 1200 48.9 77.2 5.2 ..Comoros 85.0 .. .. 77.0 4 340 43.6 82.9 3.0 ..Dem. Rep. of the Congo 72.0 .. .. 34.9 6 670 38.5 73.1 8.4 0.814Djibouti .. 88.7 71.2 68.8 3.9 300 43.4 79.5 13.8 ..Equatorial Guinea 92.0 90.6 .. .. 5.3 280 32.6 87.1 10.0 ..Eritrea 71.0 86.8 71.4 31.9 4.6 280 40.9 78.9 22.0 ..Ethiopia 45.6 93.1 64.4 31.1 5.3 470 47.7 74.3 27.8 ..Gambia 61.0 106.7 98.3 .. 5.1 400 46.5 86.8 7.5 0.742Guinea 53.0 86.9 61.5 33.5 5.4 680 47.1 84.8 .. ..Guinea-Bissau 55.0 .. .. .. 5.7 1000 38.2 94.8 10.0 ..Haiti .. .. .. .. 3.5 300 33.3 44.7 4.1 0.739Kiribati .. .. 110.6 .. – - 44.7 14.3 4.3 ..Lao People's Dem. Rep. 76.7 95.9 86.8 77.6 3.5 580 50.4 78.0 25.2 0.650Lesotho 115.0 104.3 158.4 118.7 3.3 530 52.4 50.9 24.2 0.685Liberia 84.0 .. .. .. 5.1 990 40.2 69.6 12.5 0.766Madagascar 85.3 100.8 104.7 89.2 4.7 440 49.0 77.1 .. ..Malawi 82.0 106.2 92.6 .. 5.5 510 49.9 94.0 20.8 0.758Maldives 100.1 97.8 103.8 .. 2 37 42.1 14.8 6.5 0.533Mali 52.2 83.7 63.5 41.1 5.5 830 38.2 74.7 10.2 0.799Mauritania 77.0 106.5 88.0 36.5 4.5 550 43.1 62.6 22.1 0.738Mozambique 58.0 93.8 92.7 49.4 5.1 550 55.9 94.1 39.2 0.718Myanmar 94.0 .. 101.4 137.1 2.3 240 46.2 70.4 .. ..Nepal 64.0 .. .. 40.3 2.9 380 45.5 97.8 33.2 0.716Niger 35.1 79.4 61.7 34.1 7.1 820 31.3 97.1 .. 0.807Rwanda 88.0 102.5 .. 61.8 5.4 540 53.1 96.2 56.3 0.638Samoa 99.0 99.8 113.4 .. 4 - 32.8 28.6 8.2 ..Sao Tome and Principe 89.0 102.7 111.3 93.0 3.8 - 40.0 72.7 18.2 ..Senegal 63.1 102.3 76.3 54.4 5 410 42.9 77.6 22.7 0.727Sierra Leone 56.0 .. 68.5 .. 5.2 970 51.1 73.0 13.2 0.756Solomon Islands .. 100.4 90.2 .. 3.9 100 38.4 81.9 0.0 ..Somalia .. .. .. .. 6.4 1200 39.1 77.4 6.8 ..Sudan 75.0 .. .. .. 4.2 750 31.0 66.3 25.6 0.708Timor-Leste .. 96.0 109.8 70.9 6.5 370 40.7 87.8 29.2 ..Togo 70.0 90.8 .. .. 4.3 350 38.2 58.1 11.1 0.731Tuvalu .. .. .. .. – - 50.0 0.0 0.0 ..Uganda 81.0 102.6 92.1 80.0 6.3 430 47.8 78.1 31.5 0.715United Rep. of Tanzania 84.0 99.5 .. 47.7 5.6 790 49.7 84.5 30.7 ..Vanuatu 96.0 98.0 86.7 59.4 4 - 46.4 31.0 3.8 ..Yemen 54.0 82.7 53.3 42.1 5.2 210 24.9 63.6 0.3 0.853Zambia 76.0 101.3 81.7 .. 5.8 470 43.2 68.8 14.0 0.752LDCs 71.0 96.4 86.0 57.5 4.4 590 43.3 74.4 19.9 0.746All developing countries 86.0 96.2 97.6 97.3 2.7 290 39.1 54.1 17.8 ..Source: UNESCO Institute for statistics, UIS, online data (october 2010); UNICEF, the State of World Children 2010; Maternal Mortality Estimates developed

by WHO, UNICEF and UNFPA and the World Bank, Maternal Mortality in 2010; FAO, FAOSTAT database october 2010, IPU database, october 2010; UNDP, Human Development Report, November, 2010.

Notes: a Females as percentage of males; b 2003-2008 latest year available.


17. Leading Merchandise Exports of All LDCs in 2007-2009

SITC Rev.3 Item

Value As percentage of:

($ millions) LDCs total exports

Developing countries World

Total all commodities 143,399 100.00 2.63 1.02333 Petroleum oils, crude and crude oils obtained from bituminous minerals 73,735 51.42 8.75 6.29845 Articles of apparel, of textile fabrics 6,644 4.63 8.10 5.56334 Petroleumproducts,refined 4,756 3.32 1.84 0.81841 Men's or boy's clothing of textile fabrics, not knitted 4,727 3.30 12.07 7.76343 Naturalgas,whetherornotliquefied 4,252 2.97 5.17 2.31682 Copper 4,245 2.96 7.77 3.81971 Gold, non-monetary (excluding gold ores & concentrates) 3,114 2.17 6.05 3.11842 Women's clothing, of textile fabrics, not knitted 2,153 1.50 4.65 2.92844 Women's clothing, of textile, knitted or crocheted 1,821 1.27 5.95 4.51843 Men's or boy's clothing, of textile, knitted or crocheted 1,635 1.14 8.47 7.02667 Pearls, precious & semi-precious stones 1,593 1.11 3.55 1.52247 Wood in the rough or roughly squared 1,539 1.07 39.07 11.44036 Crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic invertebrates 1,440 1.00 10.21 6.22263 Cotton 1,270 0.89 26.26 10.72054 Vegetables 1,230 0.86 7.53 2.65071 Coffee and coffee substitutes 1,172 0.82 7.66 4.77283 Copper ores and concentrates 1,132 0.79 4.16 3.26892 Printed matter 1,131 0.79 9.01 2.31121 Tobacco, unmanufactured 1,121 0.78 16.88 10.92034 Fish, fresh (live or dead), chilled or frozen 1,078 0.75 6.10 2.45

Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADSTAT database, october 2010, mainly based on United Nations Statistics Division, Comtrade database.


18. Total Merchandise Exports: Levels and Annual average growth rates

CountryTotal merchandise exports Annual average growth rates

million dollars (%)1995 2000 2007 2008 2009a 1995-

20002000-2009

2007 2008 2009

Afghanistan 166 137 497 540 403 -0.2 24.0 21.8 8.7 -25.3Angola 3,723 7,887 44,396 72,179 40,985 10.3 30.7 39.3 62.6 -43.2Bangladesh 3,501 6,389 12,453 15,380 15,073 11.6 12.5 5.5 23.5 -2.0Benin 420 392 1,047 1,150 1,006 -2.9 14.0 42.3 9.9 -12.5Bhutan 103 103 674 519 496 1.0 25.9 62.6 -22.9 -4.5Burkina Faso 276 206 623 693 746 -2.5 17.1 5.9 11.3 7.7Burundib 106 50 62 54 65 -8.5 6.2 6.9 -13.3 20.1Cambodia 855 1,389 4,088 4,708 4,133 12.8 15.2 10.7 15.2 -12.2Central African Republicc 171 161 178 150 118 -1.1 -0.5 12.8 -15.7 -21.4Chad 243 183 3,668 4,328 2,650 -3.5 49.6 9.4 18.0 -38.8Comoros 11 14 14 9 12 6.3 -6.1 39.1 -33.2 27.8Dem. Rep. of the Congo 1,649 824 2,600 3,950 3,200 -14.4 18.8 12.1 51.9 -19.0Djibouti 14 32 58 69 75 12.0 10.7 3.7 18.5 9.0Equatorial Guinea 90 1,097 10,210 14,930 8,842 60.6 31.6 24.4 46.2 -40.8Eritrea 86 19 13 15 15 -31.0 -5.1 7.7 13.5 0.0Ethiopia 423 486 1,277 1,602 1,618 2.9 17.8 22.5 25.4 1.0Gambia 16 15 13 14 15 -5.0 2.1 13.4 7.1 7.7Guinea 702 666 1,100 1,300 916 -1.6 6.6 22.2 18.2 -29.5Guinea-Bissau 24 62 107 125 116 18.6 9.1 44.4 16.8 -7.5Haiti 110 318 522 476 576 31.7 8.6 5.6 -8.7 21.0Kiribati 7 4 10 15 15 -4.9 19.5 55.3 53.4 0.0Lao People's Dem. Rep. 311 330 923 1,085 1,031 0.6 18.3 4.6 17.6 -5.0Lesotho 160 221 811 900 650 3.9 15.0 16.7 11.0 -27.8Liberia 820 329 200 242 148 -14.5 -0.4 26.9 21.1 -38.9Madagascar 507 862 1,343 1,667 1,096 9.3 6.0 33.2 24.1 -34.2Malawi 405 379 869 879 912 -2.1 10.9 30.4 1.2 3.8Maldives 85 109 228 331 163 4.9 9.6 1.2 45.2 -50.7Mali 442 545 1,556 2,097 1,978 5.5 15.4 0.4 34.8 -5.7Mauritania 488 355 1,466 1,751 1,370 -7.3 24.0 7.3 19.4 -21.7Mozambique 169 364 2,412 2,653 2,147 14.0 22.4 1.3 10.0 -19.1Myanmar 860 1,646 6,317 6,950 6,731 14.3 17.2 37.8 10.0 -3.2Nepal 341 700 876 944 886 14.9 4.0 5.8 7.7 -6.1Niger 288 283 650 904 911 -0.7 15.9 24.8 39.1 0.8Rwanda 52 53 177 256 192 -0.7 17.8 19.9 45.1 -25.2Samoad 9 14 97 72 46 13.6 7.7 49.6 -26.1 -36.1Sao Tome and Principe 5 3 7 11 8 -15.1 14.2 -12.6 58.0 -23.7Senegald 993 920 1,652 2,006 2,017 -0.6 9.4 6.2 21.4 0.6Sierra Leone 42 13 245 215 205 -30.7 35.2 5.8 -12.0 -4.8Solomon Islands 168 69 166 210 163 -14.5 16.4 38.0 27.2 -22.4Somalia 170 193 381 456 439 2.3 8.3 26.6 19.7 -3.7Sudan 556 1,807 8,866 11,671 7,400 20.7 24.7 56.7 31.6 -36.6Timor-Lestee _ _ 7 14 10 .. .. -22.2 100.0 -28.6Togo 378 364 690 836 797 -1.6 9.9 12.7 21.2 -4.7Tuvalu 0 0 0 0 0 -23.5 28.7 78.5 64.5 100.0Uganda 461 450 1,999 2,703 2,700 -1.7 25.9 68.3 35.2 -0.1United Republic of Tanzania 682 734 2,219 3,040 2,621 -2.8 17.0 15.5 37.0 -13.8Vanuatu 28 26 50 56 58 -2.7 13.4 2.1 13.6 2.1Yemen 1,945 4,079 7,050 8,977 5,855 8.7 9.9 -3.6 27.3 -34.8Zambiad 1,032 892 4,617 5,099 4,312 -1.5 25.7 22.5 10.4 -15.4LDCs 24,093 36,173 129,483 178,233 125,924 6.3 20.6 24.5 37.6 -29.3LDCs: Africa and Haiti 15,697 21,161 96,027 138,412 90,839 3.9 24.5 30.5 44.1 -34.4LDCs: Asia 8,082 14,774 32,878 39,103 34,609 10.8 13.0 9.9 18.9 -11.5LDCs: Islands 314 238 578 719 476 -4.7 10.9 17.5 24.4 -33.9Other developing countries 1,411,940 2,019,831 5,156,452 6,101,642 4,782,399 5.7 14.8 16.3 18.3 -21.6All developing countries 1,436,033 2,056,004 5,285,935 6,279,876 4,908,322 5.7 14.9 16.4 18.8 -21.8Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADSTAT database, November, 2010.Notes: a 2009 preliminary data. b Burundi: excluding gold exports. c Central African Republic: Trade with CEMAC excluded. d Samoa, Senegal, Zambia: special trade: prior to 2001, 2005, 2008 respectively. e Timor Leste: Excluding exports of oil and gas.


19. Total Merchandise Imports: Levels and Annual average growth rates

CountryTotal merchandise imports Annual average growth rates

million dollars (%)1995 2000 2007 2008 2009a 1995-

20002000-2009

2007 2008 2009

Afghanistan 387 1,176 2,819 3,020 3,336 20.6 9.4 9.2 7.1 10.5Angola 1,468 3,040 13,662 20,982 15,737 14.3 24.6 55.6 53.6 -25.0Bangladesh 6,694 8,883 18,595 23,840 21,851 5.7 13.0 16.0 28.2 -8.3Benin 746 613 1,890 1,973 2,008 -1.4 16.1 53.9 4.4 1.8Bhutan 112 175 526 540 530 9.8 15.4 25.3 2.7 -1.9Burkina Faso 455 611 1,678 2,041 2,047 5.4 15.6 27.2 21.6 0.3Burundi 234 148 319 402 402 -6.2 15.9 -25.9 26.1 0.0Cambodia 1,187 1,936 5,439 6,508 5,360 11.2 15.1 14.0 19.7 -17.6Central African Republicb 174 117 249 300 259 -6.0 12.7 22.6 20.7 -13.7Chad 488 481 1,574 1,679 1,946 0.5 12.2 16.7 6.6 16.0Comoros 63 43 138 176 155 -5.4 17.6 20.0 27.0 -11.5Dem. Republic of the Congo 1,046 697 2,950 4,100 3,300 -9.8 21.5 7.7 39.0 -19.5Djibouti 177 207 473 574 410 3.7 12.3 41.0 21.3 -28.6Equatorial Guinea 121 451 2,760 3,746 5,197 24.3 30.4 36.6 35.7 38.7Eritrea 453 471 510 549 515 -0.2 1.7 3.0 7.6 -6.2Ethiopia 1,145 1,262 5,809 8,680 7,974 3.1 25.1 11.5 49.4 -8.1Gambia 182 187 305 329 304 -2.7 9.8 17.6 8.0 -7.7Guinea 819 612 1,190 1,600 1,128 -5.7 10.5 32.2 34.5 -29.5Guinea-Bissau 133 60 168 196 203 -15.7 17.5 32.2 16.9 3.6Haiti 653 1,036 1,682 2,315 2,124 11.5 9.8 -2.4 37.7 -8.3Kiribati 34 40 70 55 68 2.3 6.0 10.8 -21.6 23.8Lao People's Dem. Republic 589 535 1,067 1,405 1,328 -4.3 14.5 0.7 31.7 -5.5Lesotho 1,107 809 1,731 2,030 1,900 -7.0 12.4 18.1 17.3 -6.4Liberia 510 668 501 814 565 2.6 9.9 7.4 62.2 -30.5Madagascar 628 997 2,445 3,846 3,159 8.3 17.6 38.9 57.3 -17.9Malawi 475 532 1,380 1,700 1,845 1.1 15.4 14.1 23.2 8.5Maldives 268 389 1,096 1,388 967 8.1 15.9 18.3 26.6 -30.3Mali 772 806 2,185 3,339 3,065 1.3 17.1 20.1 52.8 -8.2Mauritania 431 454 1,443 1,726 1,430 -0.8 18.7 23.7 19.6 -17.2Mozambique 704 1,162 3,050 4,008 3,764 11.4 16.3 6.3 31.4 -6.1Myanmar 1,348 2,401 3,280 4,299 4,393 14.5 6.5 27.9 31.1 2.2Nepal 1,230 1,527 3,097 3,581 3,754 2.4 12.4 29.7 15.6 4.9Niger 374 395 1,149 1,575 1,646 0.7 18.6 21.0 37.1 4.5Rwanda 238 213 737 1,178 1,204 -1.8 22.7 34.5 59.7 2.2Samoac 95 90 266 288 231 0.4 12.3 -3.5 8.4 -19.9Sao Tome and Principe 29 30 79 114 103 5.0 18.0 11.6 44.2 -9.4Senegalc 1,412 1,553 4,871 6,528 4,713 2.6 16.5 32.7 34.0 -27.8Sierra Leone 133 149 446 533 505 -6.3 14.3 14.7 19.5 -5.3Solomon Islands 154 92 287 329 239 -10.1 18.4 32.4 14.6 -27.3Somalia 268 343 887 1,131 931 4.5 13.0 11.9 27.5 -17.7Sudan 1,219 1,553 8,775 9,352 8,300 3.3 23.5 8.7 6.6 -11.2Timor-Leste _ _ 176 353 440 .. .. 74.3 100.6 24.6Togo 594 562 1,450 1,540 1,567 -2.0 14.8 9.0 6.2 1.7Tuvalu 6 5 15 26 34 2.6 23.2 21.0 72.9 28.4Uganda 1,056 1,538 3,493 4,526 4,307 6.8 16.0 36.6 29.6 -4.8United Republic of Tanzania 1,675 1,524 5,337 7,081 6,296 -0.1 20.5 25.7 32.7 -11.1Vanuatu 95 87 229 313 291 -1.3 17.5 5.3 36.7 -6.8Yemen 1,582 2,324 8,514 10,452 7,556 5.7 18.4 40.2 22.8 -27.7Zambiac 692 888 4,007 5,060 3,793 4.3 21.8 30.3 26.3 -25.1LDCs 34,452 43,872 124,802 162,119 143,182 4.6 16.7 23.1 29.9 -11.7LDCs: Africa and Haiti 20,580 24,140 79,108 105,433 92,545 3.0 19.0 24.6 33.3 -12.2LDCs: Asia 13,128 18,957 43,337 53,645 48,108 7.2 13.1 20.7 23.8 -10.3LDCs: Islands 744 775 2,356 3,041 2,529 1.5 17.7 17.9 29.1 -16.8Other developing countries 1,467,924 1,872,742 4,613,655 5,597,462 4,479,617 3.2 14.4 18.2 21.3 -20.0All developing countries 1,502,376 1,916,614 4,738,457 5,759,581 4,622,799 3.2 14.5 18.3 21.5 -19.7Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADSTAT database, November, 2010.Notes: a 2009, preliminary data. b Central African Republic: Trade with CEMAC excluded. c Samoa, Senegal, Zambia: special trade: prior to 2001, 2005, 2008 respectively.


20. Main Markets for Exports of LDCs: percentage share in 2009Country Developed economies

Econo-mies

in transition

Developing countries

Un-allocatedTotal EU Japan

USA and

Canada

Other developed economies

Total China IndiaMajor

petroleum exporters

Newly industria-

lized economies:

1st tier

Newly industria-

lized economies:

2nd tier

Other Developing economies

Afghanistan 31.9 4.5 0.1 27.0 0.3 16.3 51.8 0.3 23.3 5.1 0.4 0.2 22.6 0.0Angola 46.5 17.7 0.1 28.5 0.2 0.0 53.5 37.9 3.0 0.5 3.1 0.0 9.0 0.0Bangladesh 74.0 48.1 0.8 23.7 1.4 0.7 11.5 0.7 1.9 1.7 1.9 0.7 4.6 13.8Benin 9.6 9.5 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 90.3 20.7 18.9 10.2 2.1 9.1 29.4 0.0Bhutan 2.4 2.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 97.6 0.0 88.9 0.1 0.1 0.4 8.1 0.0Burkina Faso 26.1 20.1 3.3 2.6 0.1 0.0 70.4 20.5 5.5 1.5 15.2 7.1 20.6 3.5Burundi 71.8 51.7 0.1 4.3 15.8 0.8 16.9 0.9 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.2 14.8 10.5Cambodia 51.7 14.3 1.6 35.1 0.8 0.3 47.9 0.3 0.1 0.2 43.0 0.9 3.3 0.1Central African Republic 48.8 44.9 1.1 2.8 0.1 0.0 51.2 10.9 1.4 5.2 0.8 10.7 22.2 0.0Chad 96.1 7.0 0.0 89.0 0.0 0.0 3.9 2.8 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.0Comoros 38.3 34.5 0.0 3.7 0.1 0.4 59.4 0.0 2.0 13.3 17.4 0.0 26.7 1.8Dem. Rep. of the Congo 37.2 21.4 0.2 14.8 0.8 0.2 62.3 48.7 3.1 0.4 0.5 0.0 9.7 0.2Djibouti 10.0 8.2 1.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 90.0 0.0 0.8 8.9 0.1 0.1 80.0 0.0Equatorial Guinea 70.6 24.5 9.2 34.3 2.5 0.0 29.4 12.4 0.4 0.0 12.7 0.0 3.9 0.0Eritrea 36.1 32.1 0.0 3.9 0.1 0.0 63.9 2.7 27.4 23.6 0.5 0.3 9.2 0.0Ethiopia 48.6 31.6 0.6 8.1 8.2 0.5 36.6 12.7 0.8 13.4 1.2 0.2 8.1 14.3Gambia 32.4 28.8 0.0 2.6 0.9 0.0 67.6 12.4 39.3 0.0 4.5 2.8 8.6 0.0Guinea 42.0 32.2 0.1 9.4 0.3 14.4 25.2 0.4 19.8 0.2 0.7 0.3 3.7 18.3Guinea-Bissau 2.6 2.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 97.4 1.2 60.5 30.4 0.6 0.5 4.3 0.0Haiti 86.6 3.7 0.1 82.0 0.8 0.0 13.1 0.4 0.2 1.2 1.4 0.2 9.7 0.3Kiribati 30.1 1.5 21.4 4.6 2.5 0.0 69.9 0.0 0.1 27.9 10.1 29.4 2.4 0.0Lao People's Dem. Rep. 16.2 11.3 1.6 3.1 0.2 0.1 65.2 19.9 0.0 0.1 3.3 27.6 14.3 18.6Lesotho 98.1 29.8 0.0 68.1 0.2 0.0 1.9 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.4 0.0Liberia 69.1 55.4 0.1 8.3 5.3 0.3 30.6 0.3 10.5 0.2 1.5 0.3 18.0 0.0Madagascar 75.7 48.9 2.7 23.7 0.5 0.2 15.6 4.2 0.8 0.8 4.1 0.5 5.3 8.4Malawi 50.9 37.0 4.4 8.8 0.8 10.1 38.4 1.9 0.9 0.8 2.4 1.9 30.4 0.6Maldives 57.8 53.7 1.3 2.5 0.3 0.1 42.1 0.1 2.7 0.1 3.4 16.8 19.0 0.0Mali 21.8 16.4 0.6 2.4 2.3 0.2 66.0 21.8 4.1 1.5 1.5 12.2 24.9 12.1Mauritania 36.9 27.1 7.4 1.9 0.5 2.2 59.6 43.5 0.2 3.3 0.1 0.1 12.4 1.2Mozambique 60.4 57.4 0.2 2.2 0.6 0.0 26.9 3.8 2.9 0.9 1.7 1.2 16.5 12.8Myanmar 9.5 3.6 5.6 0.0 0.4 0.1 83.9 10.6 12.8 0.9 5.2 48.5 6.0 6.5Nepal 26.1 13.6 1.5 9.5 1.4 0.2 70.1 0.7 59.8 0.6 1.1 0.4 7.5 3.6Niger 72.2 53.1 0.0 18.4 0.7 0.1 27.7 0.0 0.0 22.7 0.2 0.2 4.5 0.0Rwanda 21.8 14.3 0.1 5.4 2.0 0.4 77.1 7.0 3.4 0.9 2.9 6.1 56.8 0.7Samoa 32.3 1.1 0.7 4.0 26.4 0.0 60.2 5.8 0.0 0.2 6.7 2.4 45.0 7.6Sao Tome and Principe 93.0 91.1 0.2 1.6 0.2 0.1 6.9 0.0 0.3 2.7 0.1 0.2 3.6 0.0Senegal 27.9 19.1 0.2 0.2 8.4 0.1 58.8 1.3 8.2 3.7 0.9 0.1 44.7 13.3Sierra Leone 73.7 56.2 1.7 13.1 2.7 0.2 22.2 4.2 6.5 0.7 0.3 0.4 10.2 3.9Solomon Islands 12.6 8.5 1.9 0.3 1.9 0.0 72.3 50.5 0.5 0.1 6.8 11.9 2.5 15.1Somalia 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 99.7 0.1 1.2 95.1 0.0 0.1 3.3 0.0Sudan 16.9 1.9 14.0 1.0 0.0 0.1 82.9 60.5 4.6 4.3 1.3 8.8 3.4 0.1Timor-Leste 35.8 35.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 63.7 0.2 1.7 0.0 0.3 61.4 0.0 0.0Togo 4.2 3.4 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.0 95.1 8.9 13.6 7.8 3.3 7.6 53.9 0.6Tuvalu 41.1 2.1 8.4 4.2 26.4 1.8 57.1 0.3 24.5 0.0 2.6 14.3 15.5 0.0Uganda 39.7 29.4 0.3 2.0 7.9 1.0 56.7 1.1 1.0 22.5 0.8 0.2 30.9 2.7United Rep. of Tanzania 38.1 24.5 7.1 2.8 3.8 2.2 50.8 9.8 8.4 7.4 2.1 2.9 20.1 8.8Vanuatu 28.4 14.3 12.3 1.1 0.6 0.0 71.2 0.7 2.4 0.4 2.4 60.0 5.3 0.4Yemen 7.4 0.8 6.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 91.5 24.4 15.8 13.6 3.8 23.0 10.8 1.1Zambia 9.8 8.8 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.4 89.8 33.9 4.3 9.5 9.1 1.2 31.9 0.0LDCs 45.2 21.4 2.7 20.1 1.1 0.6 50.5 22.2 4.9 3.0 5.2 4.9 10.2 3.7LDCs: Africa and Haiti 45.6 19.9 2.7 21.8 1.2 0.6 52.1 28.7 3.6 3.1 3.6 1.2 11.9 1.8LDCs: Asia 44.9 25.0 2.6 16.5 0.8 0.6 46.2 6.5 8.2 2.9 9.0 13.3 6.3 8.3LDCs: Islands 28.5 17.7 4.3 1.6 4.9 0.0 64.2 20.9 1.3 1.2 5.5 22.7 12.6 7.2Other developing countries 44.1 16.2 7.0 18.0 2.8 1.7 51.9 11.2 2.9 6.0 14.3 5.7 11.7 2.4All developing countries 44.1 16.4 6.9 18.1 2.8 1.6 51.8 11.5 3.0 6.0 14.1 5.7 11.6 2.5Source: UNCTAD, estimates and calculations, based on data from IMF, Direction of Trade Statistics.


21. Main Markets for Imports of LDCs: percentage share in 2009Country Developed economies

Econo-mies in

transition

Developing countries

Un-allocatedTotal EU Japan USA and

Canada

Other developed economies

Total China IndiaMajor

petroleum exporters

Newly industria-

lized economies:

1st tier

Newly industria-

lized economies:

2nd tier

Other Developing economies

Afghanistan 43.4 15.6 1.8 25.5 0.5 12.3 44.4 3.5 5.1 0.2 1.2 2.5 31.8 0.0Angola 55.9 44.4 1.1 9.2 1.2 0.2 43.7 14.7 1.8 0.2 9.4 1.5 16.1 0.1Bangladesh 20.8 8.3 4.6 4.0 3.9 4.8 68.3 16.2 12.6 5.9 17.1 10.0 6.5 6.1Benin 32.5 23.8 0.6 7.5 0.6 0.3 67.2 36.2 3.6 1.4 2.0 13.6 10.4 0.0Bhutan 23.6 10.8 6.4 2.1 4.4 0.0 76.3 3.0 66.0 0.0 3.4 1.5 2.4 0.0Burkina Faso 40.0 35.0 0.3 4.0 0.7 0.4 53.3 2.7 2.5 3.1 2.7 0.7 41.7 6.2Burundi 30.8 25.5 2.2 2.8 0.3 0.0 59.0 9.8 3.9 15.7 0.8 0.6 28.2 10.1Cambodia 10.7 3.0 3.1 2.4 2.2 0.7 88.5 22.6 0.9 0.1 31.9 19.2 13.8 0.0Central African Republic 34.5 25.8 0.4 7.9 0.4 0.1 43.4 3.1 0.5 0.4 19.8 0.9 18.8 21.9Chad 51.4 40.7 1.4 8.0 1.4 4.8 43.8 16.7 1.4 4.8 1.1 0.3 19.5 0.0Comoros 35.1 27.9 3.8 3.0 0.4 0.0 63.3 6.9 11.7 10.3 5.7 4.6 24.1 1.6Dem. Rep. of the Congo 36.8 31.8 0.9 3.0 1.1 0.1 63.0 9.9 0.3 1.0 0.5 0.3 50.9 0.1Djibouti 25.1 10.6 4.7 9.5 0.2 2.2 69.7 14.2 15.8 18.8 2.5 10.0 8.5 3.0Equatorial Guinea 62.5 43.0 0.7 17.6 1.3 1.4 36.1 20.1 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.3 14.4 0.0Eritrea 29.2 25.6 0.0 2.8 0.8 2.4 68.5 12.2 10.7 15.9 0.7 1.2 27.7 0.0Ethiopia 21.0 15.0 1.1 4.3 0.6 3.0 47.2 18.7 7.3 10.3 1.4 1.5 7.9 28.9Gambia 26.2 19.8 0.7 4.6 1.1 0.6 73.1 22.4 3.6 2.8 2.2 7.6 34.6 0.0Guinea 29.6 24.3 0.7 3.3 1.2 0.3 25.2 8.6 2.4 1.3 1.6 1.6 9.6 44.9Guinea-Bissau 36.6 35.7 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.0 54.4 7.9 8.3 0.0 0.4 6.4 31.3 9.0Haiti 42.4 5.9 2.1 34.2 0.2 0.1 57.4 6.1 1.4 1.2 1.0 3.5 44.3 0.1Kiribati 47.9 6.2 10.3 1.0 30.4 0.2 51.9 5.1 1.9 0.0 1.5 4.1 39.3 0.0Lao People's Dem. Rep. 9.4 5.0 3.0 0.9 0.5 0.8 88.4 14.7 0.3 0.0 4.0 64.3 5.2 1.3Lesotho 15.7 7.1 0.0 8.4 0.2 0.0 84.3 25.1 6.1 0.0 37.2 1.2 14.7 0.0Liberia 26.2 8.4 15.9 1.1 0.8 0.8 73.1 20.2 0.3 0.0 48.0 0.5 4.1 0.0Madagascar 21.7 14.7 0.4 5.8 0.8 0.1 55.3 10.1 3.7 9.5 6.5 14.6 11.0 22.9Malawi 23.3 17.1 1.3 4.1 0.7 0.1 75.9 6.1 6.7 0.0 4.3 1.6 57.3 0.6Maldives 15.6 9.0 0.7 2.9 3.0 0.0 84.2 4.3 10.9 18.6 25.5 16.4 8.7 0.2Mali 29.3 26.3 0.5 1.6 0.9 0.6 39.6 6.3 1.2 0.4 0.5 0.4 30.7 30.6Mauritania 49.1 44.4 0.9 3.1 0.8 2.5 38.9 12.7 1.6 1.3 0.8 6.6 16.0 9.5Mozambique 26.1 18.4 3.3 3.5 1.0 0.0 61.2 4.2 5.9 3.0 2.8 4.6 40.6 12.7Myanmar 6.4 2.1 3.3 0.1 1.0 0.6 92.9 36.8 3.0 0.2 19.7 31.4 1.8 0.1Nepal 9.5 3.6 1.8 1.3 2.8 0.1 79.0 15.6 51.4 2.3 4.4 4.1 1.2 11.5Niger 41.0 32.5 1.4 4.2 2.9 0.1 58.9 18.8 1.8 13.8 0.6 1.3 22.6 0.0Rwanda 34.4 27.7 1.3 4.2 1.1 0.3 64.4 6.6 3.6 8.0 1.0 0.7 44.4 0.9Samoa 44.5 1.5 3.7 6.0 33.3 0.9 53.3 11.8 0.2 0.2 15.2 5.7 20.3 1.2Sao Tome and Principe 79.8 70.3 4.5 4.8 0.2 0.0 20.2 2.6 1.1 4.1 0.8 1.8 9.8 0.0Senegal 46.3 39.4 1.8 3.8 1.3 1.6 51.8 9.0 2.2 11.6 3.7 6.2 19.1 0.3Sierra Leone 34.6 24.1 3.2 6.5 0.8 0.2 60.4 7.6 5.2 0.4 2.5 11.9 32.9 4.8Solomon Islands 35.4 2.5 3.1 2.4 27.4 0.0 52.0 5.9 2.4 0.0 26.7 7.6 9.3 12.6Somalia 3.5 2.5 0.2 0.7 0.0 1.4 82.8 7.3 7.6 15.4 0.0 4.0 48.5 12.4Sudan 25.2 17.0 1.4 2.3 4.5 2.2 69.0 22.6 5.4 15.0 2.7 2.5 20.8 3.6Timor-Leste 1.9 1.3 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 98.1 6.8 0.3 0.0 1.2 89.2 0.6 0.0Togo 48.8 43.1 2.1 2.5 1.1 0.5 48.8 17.1 1.7 4.0 0.8 5.9 19.3 1.9Tuvalu 53.7 1.3 47.1 0.1 5.2 0.0 46.3 5.0 4.6 0.0 15.8 0.5 20.4 0.0Uganda 29.1 19.3 4.4 4.6 0.8 2.3 68.6 8.0 13.0 16.2 1.8 3.8 25.9 0.0United Rep. of Tanzania 27.2 16.9 4.2 3.2 2.8 0.9 68.1 15.5 13.6 10.7 3.6 3.9 20.8 3.9Vanuatu 57.8 18.3 17.5 1.3 20.6 0.0 40.5 11.3 0.9 0.0 14.0 2.5 11.8 1.7Yemen 26.6 16.6 2.1 4.8 3.2 1.3 71.1 13.8 8.6 23.7 3.2 5.8 16.1 1.0Zambia 13.9 9.2 1.5 2.5 0.6 0.2 85.6 5.6 3.6 7.9 1.4 0.4 66.7 0.4LDCs 29.7 19.0 3.1 5.7 1.9 1.9 62.8 15.6 6.5 5.9 10.0 7.4 17.4 5.6LDCs: Africa and Haiti 34.2 24.3 2.9 5.7 1.3 0.9 57.9 15.1 4.3 5.6 8.4 3.6 21.0 6.9LDCs: Asia 20.9 9.0 3.4 5.9 2.7 3.8 72.0 17.0 10.9 6.5 12.7 14.1 10.8 3.3LDCs: Islands 29.9 10.7 4.8 2.6 11.8 0.1 68.1 6.9 5.1 7.3 16.4 21.2 11.2 1.9Other developing countries 41.4 16.1 8.9 12.4 4.0 2.3 53.3 12.5 2.1 9.8 13.3 6.9 8.7 3.0All developing countries 41.0 16.2 8.7 12.2 3.9 2.3 53.6 12.6 2.3 9.7 13.2 6.9 9.0 3.0Source: UNCTAD, estimates and calculations, based on data from IMF, Direction of Trade Statistics.


22. Foreign Merchandise Trade Indices

Country Number of products exporteda

(units)Export

Concentration IndexbExport

Diversification IndexcTerms of traded

(2000=100)1995 2000 2009 1995 2000 2009 1995 2000 2009 1995 2009

Afghanistan 187 51 231 0.359 0.366 0.180 0.800 0.817 0.608 .. 107.6Angola 31 41 72 0.898 0.885 0.955 0.860 0.818 0.820 80.8 170.8Bangladesh 123 98 193 0.352 0.412 0.371 0.669 0.792 0.798 111.8 64.5Benin 165 70 135 0.674 0.577 0.354 0.768 0.803 0.753 106.6 83.1Bhutan 39 28 37 0.326 0.416 0.437 0.629 0.619 0.643 .. 152.0Burkina Faso 40 63 86 0.573 0.561 0.338 0.767 0.736 0.720 131.0 78.6Burundi 26 12 66 0.597 0.703 0.585 0.757 0.737 0.802 163.6 137.9Cambodia 173 61 115 0.384 0.376 0.415 0.785 0.774 0.807 .. 85.0Central African Republic 28 16 24 0.450 0.641 0.397 0.684 0.717 0.702 193.0 78.5Chad 19 23 173 0.722 0.744 0.871 0.707 0.774 0.772 92.6 136.0Comoros 70 99 5 0.641 0.770 0.514 0.667 0.753 0.751 86.2 65.7Dem. Rep. of the Congo 67 184 216 0.532 0.605 0.353 0.811 0.811 0.824 79.8 112.0Djibouti 185 181 171 0.130 0.129 0.327 0.537 0.532 0.648 .. 77.0Equatorial Guinea 56 16 96 0.558 0.810 0.730 0.610 0.674 0.739 36.8 150.8Eritrea 99 20 24 0.373 0.311 0.218 0.600 0.602 0.632 101.7 73.3Ethiopia 25 27 104 0.647 0.535 0.339 0.548 0.570 0.797 151.0 121.1Gambia 99 102 38 0.314 0.461 0.262 0.582 0.709 0.628 100.0 85.5Guinea 51 46 92 0.627 0.574 0.494 0.851 0.845 0.794 89.6 143.3Guinea-Bissau 8 70 14 0.525 0.615 0.926 0.690 0.684 0.804 102.7 66.0Haiti 123 137 63 0.232 0.472 0.513 0.632 0.724 0.748 113.2 70.6Kiribati 12 10 18 0.637 0.644 0.326 0.487 0.479 0.563 .. 60.9Lao People's Dem. Rep. 124 141 90 0.326 0.313 0.321 0.708 0.745 0.778 .. 103.9Lesotho 38 27 34 0.323 0.479 0.501 0.764 0.570 0.860 100.0 78.3Liberia 21 30 23 0.807 0.574 0.598 0.771 0.834 0.775 .. 111.4Madagascar 186 218 227 0.234 0.260 0.220 0.733 0.760 0.728 79.6 75.5Malawi 70 70 111 0.663 0.585 0.625 0.821 0.805 0.809 105.7 94.2Maldives 9 10 7 0.410 0.350 0.804 0.483 0.483 0.540 .. 127.9Mali 42 162 112 0.586 0.649 0.749 0.759 0.815 0.871 109.6 165.4Mauritania 31 138 79 0.500 0.498 0.496 0.702 0.808 0.818 102.2 150.9Mozambique 192 214 236 0.360 0.307 0.322 0.751 0.788 0.734 151.1 98.2Myanmar 89 202 173 0.307 0.270 0.335 0.817 0.792 0.822 214.3 117.1Nepal 53 89 113 0.440 0.307 0.150 0.485 0.559 0.658 .. 80.7Niger 32 50 71 0.552 0.395 0.509 0.748 0.833 0.792 121.4 185.2Rwanda 116 121 212 0.599 0.457 0.404 0.717 0.726 0.821 110.1 155.3Samoa 72 9 139 0.712 0.640 0.680 0.605 0.743 0.736 .. 80.4Sao Tome and Principe 79 36 53 0.519 0.902 0.699 0.549 0.573 0.564 100.0 165.4Senegal 104 116 164 0.288 0.264 0.235 0.758 0.751 0.686 156.3 99.2Sierra Leone 19 9 97 0.554 0.514 0.270 0.791 0.641 0.617 - 64.6Solomon Islands 19 17 21 0.600 0.593 0.741 0.699 0.788 0.822 .. 87.3Somalia 119 32 36 0.716 0.666 0.467 0.794 0.801 0.783 .. 101.3Sudan 19 63 47 0.351 0.612 0.765 0.569 0.783 0.743 100.0 152.5Timor-Leste _ _ 10 _ _ 0.544 _ _ 0.806 _ ..Togo 98 216 157 0.364 0.291 0.249 0.748 0.752 0.712 99.1 28.6Tuvalu 8 45 .. 0.382 0.227 0.481 0.544 0.454 0.523 .. -Uganda 81 77 186 0.650 0.329 0.234 0.864 0.802 0.732 197.2 120.4United Republic of Tanzania 179 85 247 0.275 0.258 0.294 0.750 0.734 0.768 98.0 121.1Vanuatu 55 13 28 0.301 0.504 0.368 0.588 0.757 0.760 .. 95.4Yemen 70 83 145 0.891 0.896 0.796 0.763 0.790 0.784 .. 126.6Zambia 86 98 249 0.829 0.517 0.655 0.857 0.839 0.859 189.7 155.9LDCs 260 259 260 0.230 0.328 0.450 0.731 0.721 0.696 .. 124.1LDCs: Africa and Haiti 241 258 260 0.255 0.384 0.586 0.765 0.749 0.724 .. 136.7LDCs: Asia 244 244 247 0.277 0.313 0.230 0.758 0.759 0.711 .. 95.0LDCs: Islands 168 195 221 0.368 0.238 0.383 0.772 0.808 0.845 .. 101.4Other developing countries 261 261 260 0.091 0.127 0.115 0.276 0.260 0.224 .. 100.6All Developing economies 261 261 260 0.092 0.129 0.120 0.278 0.262 0.228 .. 101.0Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADSTAT database, November, 2010.Notes: a TheNumberofproductsisbasedonSITC,Revision3commodityclassificationat3-digitgrouplevel.Thisfigureincludesonlythoseproductsthataregreaterthan100,000

dollars or more than 0.3 per cent of the country’s or country group’s total exports. The maximum number of products is 261. b TheConcentrationindex,alsonamedHerfindahl-Hirschmannindex,isameasureofthedegreeofmarketconcentration.Ithasbeennormalizedtoobtainvaluesrankingfrom

0to1.Anindexvaluecloseto1indicatesaveryconcentratedmarket(maximumconcentration),valuescloserto0reflectamoreequaldistributionofmarketsharesamongproducts.

c TheDiversificationindexrevealstheextentofthedifferencesbetweenthestructureoftradeofthecountryorcountrygroupandtheworldaverageexports.Theindexrangesfrom 0 to 1: a value closer to 1 indicates a bigger difference from the world average exports , values closer to 0 indicates closer similarity between the country or country group exportsandworldaverageexports.TheDiversificationindexiscomputedbymeasuringabsolutedeviationofthecountrysharefromworldstructure.

d The"netbarter"termsoftradeisdefinedastheratiooftheexportunitvalueindextotheimportunitvalueindex.


23. Total Services Exports: Levels and Annual average growth rates

Country Total services exports($ millions)

Estimated Annual average growth ratesa

(%)

1995 2000 2006 2007 2008 2009d 1995-2000

2000-2009 2007 2008 2009

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Angola 113 267 .. 311 329 .. 7.4 3.9 55.2 6.0 ..

Bangladesh 698 815 1,334 1,617 1,996 1,944 4.6 12.1 21.2 23.4 -2.6

Benin 194 136 217 302 .. 352 -1.6 11.9 38.9 .. ..

Bhutan 15 20 52 60 55 58 9.5 15.3 16.5 -9.2 5.9

Burkina Faso 65 31 76 90 106 101 -8.3 14.1 19.6 17.9 -4.7

Burundi 16 4 34 31 66 .. -24.5 40.3 -10.7 115.1 ..

Cambodia 114 428 1,296 1,548 1,645 1,517 27.5 17.8 19.4 6.3 -7.8

Central African Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Chad 74 51 - 166 195 .. -3.0 17.4 19.6 17.9 ..

Comoros 35 38 47 56 66 63 -2.8 10.4 19.6 17.9 -4.7

Dem. Rep. of the Congo .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Djibouti 163 162 251 248 295 .. 0.7 7.3 -1.2 18.8 ..

Equatorial Guinea 4 18 .. .. .. .. 35.1 13.5 .. .. ..

Eritrea 49 61 .. .. .. 142 -5.3 5.1 .. .. 1.4

Ethiopia 345 506 1,174 1,368 1,959 2,026 7.7 18.0 16.5 43.2 3.4

Gambia 54 130 92 119 123 126 16.5 4.7 29.0 3.8 2.5

Guinea 117 68 64 49 61 47 -8.2 -7.2 -23.9 25.3 -23.0

Guinea-Bissau 6 6 3 .. .. .. -3.9 -3.6 .. .. ..

Haiti 104 172 194 257 343 382 12.7 11.1 32.6 33.3 11.4

Kiribati 4 6 9 10 13 .. 8.3 8.0 19.4 27.4 ..

Lao People's Dem. Rep. 97 176 224 278 303 .. 12.0 7.9 24.4 9.0 ..

Lesotho 39 43 59 76 67 .. 0.1 7.5 29.1 -11.7 ..

Liberia .. .. 336 346 379 .. .. 12.3b 2.9 9.6 ..

Madagascar 242 364 581 759 854 576 7.2 9.9 30.6 12.5 -32.5

Malawi 24 34 52 62 73 69 7.2 7.6 19.6 17.9 -4.7

Maldives 233 348 552 649 704 659 7.7 8.7 17.6 8.5 -6.4

Mali 88 99 313 377 454 .. 3.4 16.7 20.2 20.6 ..

Mauritania 28 47 87 81 93 136 9.2 11.1 -6.3 14.0 47.4

Mozambique 242 325 386 459 555 612 5.8 8.7 18.7 21.0 10.2

Myanmar 365 478 280 227 263 .. 6.0 -7.0 -18.8 15.7 ..

Nepal 679 506 386 511 724 652 -6.4 5.4 32.6 41.5 -9.8

Niger 33 38 91 85 .. .. -0.6 10.1 -6.5 .. ..

Rwanda 18 59 131 179 408 341 27.5 24.6 36.7 127.9 -16.5

Samoa 56 .. 133 139 154 .. -1.5 12.5 4.0 11.1 ..

Sao Tome and Principe 6 14 8 7 10 11 17.4 -1.0 -20.3 44.4 17.4

Senegal 512 387 807 1,202 .. .. -2.8 17.2 48.9 .. ..

Sierra Leone 87 42 43 45 61 53 -18.6 1.8 6.6 35.5 -14.1

Solomon Islands 42 52 55 59 59 72 3.0 8.2 8.0 0.1 22.8

Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Sudan 125 27 247 384 493 469 -17.8 45.8 55.5 28.2 -4.7

Timor-Leste _ _ .. .. .. .. .. 8.5c .. .. ..

Togo 87 62 201 236 283 219 -9.4 18.7 17.6 19.9 -22.6

Tuvalu .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Uganda 104 213 484 539 733 903 13.9 18.6 11.4 36.0 23.3

United Republic of Tanzania 583 627 1,528 1,876 2,169 2,060 1.3 14.2 22.8 15.6 -5.0

Vanuatu 82 130 146 186 223 232 9.6 8.8 27.5 20.0 3.8

Yemen 179 211 549 724 1,205 1,146 1.7 26.0 31.9 66.5 -5.0

Zambia 121 115 228 273 297 .. -2.0 12.4 19.8 8.6 ..

LDCs 6,452 7,473 13,740 16,692 20,527 19,938 2.8 13.4 21.5 23.0 -2.9 African LDCs and Haiti 3,849 4,197 8,637 10,560 13,047 12,841 1.7 14.8 22.3 23.6 -1.6

Asian LDCs 2,147 2,634 4,119 4,965 6,190 5,844 4.0 11.8 20.5 24.7 -5.6

Island LDCs 456 641 983 1,168 1,290 1,254 6.2 9.7 18.8 10.4 -2.8

Other developing countries 269,804 340,555 712,387 864,935 979,740 882,607 3.7 14.3 21.4 13.3 -9.9All developing countries 276,256 348,027 726,127 881,628 1,000,268 902,545 3.6 14.3 21.4 13.5 -9.8Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADSTAT database, November 2010 and UNCTAD secretariat estimates.Notes: a UNCTAD secretariat estimates; b 2004-2009; c 2003-2009; d Estimates.


24. Total Services Imports: Levels and Annual average growth rates

Country Total services imports ($ millions)

Estimated Annual average growth ratesa (%)

1995 2000 2006 2007 2008 2009d 1995-2000

2000-2009 2007 2008 2009

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Angola 2,051 2,699 7,511 13,030 22,139 .. 4.6 27.8 73.5 69.9 ..Bangladesh 1,531 1,620 2,340 2,885 3,664 3,405 2.3 11.2 23.3 27.0 -7.1Benin 272 192 352 500 .. 588 -3.5 15.2 42.1 .. -1.3Bhutan 27 46 108 110 161 134 19.9 14.4 1.6 46.2 -16.3Burkina Faso 168 140 395 486 565 .. -1.8 19.4 23.0 16.3 ..Burundi 83 43 202 177 191 189 -12.0 24.9 -12.4 8.0 -1.3Cambodia 188 328 804 915 1,036 978 11.6 15.7 13.9 13.1 -5.6Central African Republic .. .. .. .. .. .. -3.9 6.3 .. .. ..Chad 212 241 .. 2,071 2,409 .. 2.2 28.7 23.0 16.3 ..Comoros 50 23 54 66 77 70 -14.0 15.9 23.0 16.3 -8.5Dem. Rep. of the Congo .. .. .. .. .. .. -13.7 30.3 .. .. ..Djibouti 75 71 89 108 128 .. -2.0 8.6 20.7 18.6 ..Equatorial Guinea 76 567 .. .. .. .. 44.4 13.5 .. .. ..Eritrea 45 28 .. .. .. 41 1.0 3.4 .. .. 0.0Ethiopia 353 490 1,171 1,752 2,410 2,367 7.9 21.5 49.7 37.6 -1.8Gambia 69 97 94 79 88 87 8.0 4.7 -15.6 11.1 -1.3Guinea 389 285 300 296 342 266 -5.1 -0.5 -1.3 15.5 -22.2Guinea-Bissau 30 40 40 .. .. .. 5.2 6.6 .. .. ..Haiti 285 282 593 680 746 781 -2.9 15.4 14.6 9.7 4.6Kiribati 20 23 28 36 37 .. 1.9 8.2 30.0 1.2 ..Lao People's Dem. Rep. 122 43 62 76 105 .. -20.4 13.6 22.2 38.2 ..Lesotho 61 43 95 110 110 .. -6.6 11.5 15.8 -0.3 ..Liberia .. .. 1,275 1,249 1,389 .. .. 8.9b -2.0 11.2 ..Madagascar 359 522 603 744 1,470 1,059 7.7 8.8 23.4 97.6 -28.0Malawi 151 167 265 326 379 347 0.5 9.7 23.0 16.3 -8.5Maldives 77 110 231 269 348 288 7.3 15.3 16.5 29.3 -17.2Mali 435 335 675 777 1,024 - -3.9 13.0 15.1 31.9 -8.2Mauritania 217 168 406 586 645 616 -7.5 18.3 44.1 10.2 -4.5Mozambique 350 446 758 856 965 1,062 6.2 8.8 12.9 12.8 10.0Myanmar 246 328 563 996 1,157 970 3.2 16.2 77.0 16.1 -16.1Nepal 313 200 493 723 852 785 -7.6 19.6 46.6 17.9 -7.9Niger 152 132 329 369 .. .. -3.2 15.3 12.4 .. ..Rwanda 155 200 243 272 521 519 5.9 11.5 12.1 91.7 -0.5Samoa 35 - 57 55 56 .. -7.6 12.0 -2.4 1.0 ..Sao Tome and Principe 12 12 18 19 21 21 -0.3 6.9 5.1 14.8 -3.6Senegal 578 405 842 1,238 .. .. -3.9 16.6 47.1 .. ..Sierra Leone 92 113 86 98 125 116 1.8 1.1 14.1 28.0 -7.6Solomon Islands 77 73 68 97 116 99 -2.5 5.8 42.3 19.8 -14.7Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan 172 648 2,800 2,939 2,620 2,397 24.7 21.4 5.0 -10.9 -8.5Timor-Leste _ _ .. .. .. - .. 14.3c .. .. ..Togo 164 118 264 305 359 273 -8.5 12.3 15.6 17.6 -24.0Tuvalu .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Uganda 563 459 770 977 1,256 1,441 -6.5 14.4 26.8 28.6 14.7United Republic of Tanzania 799 682 1,249 1,415 1,598 1,738 -3.2 13.3 13.3 12.9 8.8Vanuatu 35 70 71 76 96 102 18.5 4.8 6.2 26.3 6.3Yemen 639 809 1,855 1,867 2,348 2,107 5.8 13.7 0.6 25.7 -10.3Zambia 315 335 588 915 911 900 2.2 13.5 55.5 -0.4 -1.3LDCs 12,772 14,012 32,829 44,166 59,736 54,766 1.8 19.1 34.5 35.3 -8.3 African LDCs and Haiti 9,399 10,300 25,844 35,651 49,196 45,097 1.7 20.5 37.9 38.0 -8.3 Asian LDCs 3,067 3,374 6,225 7,572 9,322 8,468 2.4 13.6 21.6 23.1 -9.2 Island LDCs 306 337 760 943 1,219 1,202 1.8 17.5 24.2 29.2 -1.3Other developing countries 333,016 404,960 784,954 945,823 1,102,060 1,006,672 2.8 13.5 20.5 16.5 -8.7All developing countries 345,788 418,972 817,782 989,988 1,161,796 1,061,439 2.8 13.8 21.1 17.4 -8.6Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADStat database, november 2010 and UNCTAD secretariat estimates.Notes: a UNCTAD secretariat estimates; b 2004-2009; c 2003-2009; d Estimates.


Table 25. Selected Tourism Indicators in LDCsTourism

receipts in total exports

(Goods & Services)

(%)

Tourism receipts

in Service exports

(%)

Gross Tourism Receiptsa ($ million)

Average Annual Growth

Rate(%)

Tourist Arrivalsb

(‘000)

Average Annual Growth

Rate(%)

Tourism Employ-

mentc

(‘000)

2008 2008 1995 2000 2008 2000-2008 1995 2000 2008 2000-

2008 2008

Afghanistan .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Angola 0.4 88.9 27 34 293 30.5 9 51 294 21.0 33.9

Bangladesh 0.4 3.8 25 50 75 6.7 156 199 467 7.2 993.7

Benin 14.5 62.9 85 77 216 12.8 138 96 188 11.9 39

Bhutan 6.8 71.3 5 10 39 22.4 5 8 28 21.5 ..

Burkina Faso 8.0e 63.6e 18 23 57e 16.2g 124 126 226 11.1 31.5

Burundi 1.3 2.4 2 1 2 6.6 34 29 201d 39.0c 35.9

C. African Rep. 5.4 17.3 4 5 12 15.8 26 11 31 17.2 5.9

Cambodia 22.0 85.0 71 345 1398 20.4 220 466 2125 22.0 482.5

Chad .. .. 43 14 .. .. 19 43 25 -9.1 11.6

Comoros 51.0 58.2 21 30 38 7.0 23 24 15e -0.2d 2.7

Dem. Rep. of the Congo .. .. .. .. .. .. 35 103 50 -2.4 174.5

Djibouti 2.1 2.6 5 8 8 -1.1 21 20 40 10.4 ..

Equatorial Guinea .. .. 1 5 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Eritrea 29.7 32.9 58 36 46 -0.2 315 70 70 -2.4 ..

Ethiopia 33.2 60.4 177 205 1184 24.5 103 136 330 12.9 725.3

Gambia 61.0 67.9 28 48 84 8.4 45 79 147 11.1 30.4

Guinea 0.2 3.9 1 8 2 .. 12 33 46d 5.1c 59.3

Guinea-Bissau .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 30e .. ..

Haiti 33.7 80.5 90 128 276 8.9 145 140 304 9.4 72.2

Kiribati 20.4e 40.0e 2 3 4e 1.7g 4 5 4 -1.9 0.7

Lao People’s Dem, Rep. 19.9 91.1 52 114 276 13.0 60 191 1295 33.4 97.4

Lesotho 3.5 50.5 29 24 34 6.5 209 302 293 0.5 2.7

Liberia 25.4 41.6 .. .. 158 .. .. .. .. .. ..

Madagascar 24.6 72.6 106 152 620 23.6 75 160 375 17.0 161.3

Malawi 5.2e 77.7e 22 29 48e 4.6g 192 228 742 15.8 68.8

Maldives 64.1 94.3 211 321 664 9.1 315 467 683 4.7 38.1

Mali 11.2 63.0 26 47 286 20.3 42 86 190 10.9 31.6

Mauritania .. .. 11 6 .. .. .. 30 .. .. ..

Mozambique 6.6 38.4 49 74 213 16.6 .. .. 1951 .. 183.2

Myanmar 1.2d 21.1d 169 195 59d -15.8g 117 208 193 1.3 ..

Nepal 12.9 48.8 232 219 353 4.2 363 464 500 3.7 261.1

Niger 4.5e 45.1e 7 23 45 9.9 35 50 73 3.8 9.5

Rwanda 30.4 49.5 4 27 202 20.1 .. .. 765 .. 53.5

Samoa 45.5e 77.5e 36 41 107e 16.7g 68 88 122 5.0 ..

Sao Tome & Principe 38.1 80.0 3 10 8 -2.8 6 7 14 8.8 0.5

Senegal 21.8e 51.8e 168 152 622e 18.8 280 389 875e 14.9d 88.6

Sierra Leone 12.3 55.4 57 10 34 9.3 38 16 36 7.9 17.4

Solomon Islands 4.5d 14.3d 17 4 8d 10.7f 12 5 16 15.5 2.5

Somalia .. .. .. .. .. .. 0 0 0 .. ..

Sudan 2.7 67.2 8 5 331 72.5 29 38 440 43.2 42.1

Timor-Leste .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Togo 14.0 14.0 13 11 40 15.9 53 60 74 5.7 14.4

Tuvalu .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 1 1 -1.0 0

Uganda 15.5 72.5 78 165 531 15.9 160 193 844 20.6 198.6

United. Rep. Tanzania 26.1 62.6 502 381 1358 14.6 285 459 750 5.6 325.5

Vanuatu 60.3e 76.4e 45 69 142e 11.9g 44 58 91 6.8 9.1

Yemen 4.4 37.6 50 73 453 34.8 61 73 404 28.7 105.4

Zambia 17.1 49.2 .. 67 146 10.4 163 457 812 9.0 20.9

LDCs 5.3 51.0 2,560 3,249 10,471 15.8 4,042 5,669 16,160 14.4 4431.3All Developing Countries 5.4 35.8 105,828 143,723 360,242 13.1 160,233 216,529 372,779 7.8 59,924.4Sources: UN data based on UNWTO (World Tourism Organisation) database, October 2010; UNCTAD, UNCTADSTAT database, November 2010; World Travel

and Tourism council (WTTC), December 2010Notes: a Gross Tourism Receipts: Tourism expenditure in the country=Travel and passenger transport or travel only, according to data availability; b Tourist Arrivals: overnight visitors; c Tourism employment: Travel and tourism Direct Industry Employment d 2006; e 2007; f 1995-2006; g 1995-2007.


26. Composition of total Financial Flows to all LDCs in current and constant dollars(Net disbursements)

Million current dollars Million of 2008 dollarse

1985 1990 2000 2006 2007 2008 1985 1990 2000 2006 2007 2008Concessionnal loans and grantsa 9,335 16,517 12,432 28,300 32,828 38,460 25,210 26,096 19,483 32,211 34,573 38,460DAC countries 8,689 15,942 12,259 27,902 32,401 37,775 23,553 25,209 19,227 31,721 34,116 37,775of which: Bilateral 5,444 9,812 7,899 17,268 19,686 23,427 14,702 15,551 12,411 19,431 20,635 23,427 Multilateral 3,246 6,130 4,360 10,633 12,715 14,349 8,851 9,658 6,816 12,290 13,480 14,349Non-DAC countries 646 575 173 398 427 685 1,657 887 256 491 457 685ODA grants total 6,699 12,130 10,407 55,162 30,176 35,056 18,416 19,320 16,603 62,774 31,824 35,056ODA loans total, net 2,636 4,387 2,025 -26,863 2,652 3,405 6,794 6,776 2,880 -30,562 2,749 3,405Technical cooperation 2,124 3,232 2,653 5,270 3,611 4,115 5,842 5,112 4,004 5,924 3,825 4,115Otherb 7,212 13,285 9,779 23,029 29,216 34,345 19,368 20,984 15,478 26,288 30,748 34,345Non-concessional flows 429 741 1,047 2,027 2,080 6,714 1,301 1,158 1,818 2,357 2,185 6,714Total other official flows, net 801 721 342 -977 -473 1,892 2,305 1,127 713 -1,057 -503 1,892 DAC countries 773 724 342 -983 -480 1,857 2,232 1,132 713 -1,066 -511 1,857 of which: Bilateral 497 692 345 -1,066 -342 1,322 1,507 1,083 699 -1,163 -368 1,322 Multilateral 247 36 -3 76 -145 501 653 53 14 88 -151 501 Non-DAC countries 28 -3 .. 7 7 35 73 -5 .. 9 8 35Total private flows, net -344 17 705 3,010 2,561 4,857 -932 26 1,105 3,422 2,696 4,857of which: Export credits, netc -329 -527 52 675 754 1,223 -893 -833 82 768 794 1,223 Direct investment -64 250 8 987 2,053 198 -174 395 12 1,122 2,161 198 Otherd 50 294 645 1,348 -246 3,435 135 465 1,011 1,533 -259 3,435Total Financial flows 9,764 17,258 13,479 30,327 34,908 45,174 26,511 27,254 21,301 34,568 36,758 45,174Sources: UNCTAD secretariat calculations based on OECD/DAC, International Development Statistics, online data, november 2010.Notes: a Total ODA. b Grants (excluding technical assistance grants) and loans. c Bank and non-bank net export credits. d Portfolio investment corresponds to bonds and equities. eDatafortotalnetprivateflowsinconstant2008dollarshasbeencalculatedbyapplyinganad-hocdeflator,DACcountriesin2008=100.


27. Distribution of Financial Flows to all LDCs to all developing countries(percentage)

Country To least developed countries To developing countries1985 1990 2000 2006 2007 2008 1985 1990 2000 2006 2007 2008

Concessionnal loans and grantsa 95.6 95.7 92.2 93.3 94.0 85.1 71.4 70.6 35.8 39.5 25.4 47.9DAC countries 89.0 92.4 90.9 92.0 92.8 83.6 64.7 63.3 35.4 38.1 24.5 45.0of which: Bilateral 55.7 56.9 58.6 56.9 56.4 51.9 47.3 47.6 26.7 28.9 17.5 32.8 Multilateral 33.2 35.5 32.3 35.1 36.4 31.8 17.4 15.7 8.7 9.1 6.9 12.2Non DAC countries 6.6 3.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.5 6.7 7.3 0.4 1.5 1.0 2.9ODA grants total 68.6 70.3 77.2 181.9 86.4 77.6 53.0 55.0 29.4 53.4 25.3 44.9ODA loans total, net 27.0 25.4 15.0 -88.6 7.6 7.5 18.4 15.6 6.4 -13.9 0.1 3.0Technical cooperation 21.7 18.7 19.7 17.4 10.3 9.1 17.4 17.0 10.3 8.5 3.8 7.1Otherb -21.7 -18.7 -19.7 -17.4 -10.3 -9.1 54.0 46.3 25.1 29.6 20.6 37.9Non-concessional flows 4.4 4.3 7.8 6.7 6.0 14.9 28.6 29.4 64.2 60.5 74.6 52.1Total other official flows, net 7.9 4.2 2.5 -3.2 -1.4 4.1 23.4 22.6 2.4 -4.5 1.5 6.0 DAC countries 7.6 4.2 2.5 -3.3 -1.4 4.0 23.9 22.6 2.9 -4.4 1.7 6.2 of which: Bilateral 5.1 4.0 2.6 -3.5 -1.0 2.9 7.6 10.0 -4.0 -3.6 -1.5 -0.4 Multilateral 2.5 0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.4 1.1 16.3 12.6 6.8 -0.8 3.1 6.6 Non-DAC Countries 0.3 0.0 .. 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.6 0.0 .. 0.0 0.0 0.0Total private flows, net -3.5 0.1 5.2 9.9 7.3 10.8 5.2 6.8 61.8 64.9 73.1 46.1of which: Export credits, netc -3.4 -3.1 0.4 2.2 2.2 2.7 3.2 -1.0 4.1 3.8 2.8 3.0 Direct investment -0.7 1.4 0.1 3.3 5.9 0.4 13.7 31.4 56.1 48.6 42.1 66.9 Otherd 0.5 1.7 4.8 4.4 -0.7 7.6 -11.7 -23.6 1.6 12.5 28.2 -23.8Total Financial flows 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0For source and notes, see table 23.


28. Share of LDCs in financial flows to all developing countries, by type of flow(Percentage)

1985 1990 2000 2006 2007 2008Concessionnal loans and grantsa 29.5 29.1 27.7 28.2 32.2 31.7DAC countries 30.2 31.3 27.7 28.9 33.0 33.1of which: Bilateral 25.9 25.6 23.6 23.5 28.0 28.2 Multilateral 42.1 48.7 40.0 45.9 45.9 46.3Non DAC countries 21.8 9.8 31.8 10.8 11.1 9.4ODA grants total 28.5 27.5 28.2 40.7 29.8 30.8ODA loans total, net 32.3 35.0 25.3 76.3 442.5 45.4Technical cooperation 27.6 23.6 20.6 24.4 23.6 22.9Otherb 30.1 35.7 31.1 30.7 35.3 35.7Non-concessional flows 3.4 3.1 1.3 1.3 0.7 5.1Total other official flows, net 7.5 4.0 11.2 8.7 .. 12.2 DAC countries 7.0 4.0 9.6 8.8 .. 11.6 of which: Bilateral 14.8 8.6 .. 11.6 5.8 .. Multilateral 3.4 0.4 0.0 .. .. 3.0 Non-DAC Countries .. 12.7 .. .. .. ..Total private flows, netc .. 0.3 0.9 1.8 0.9 4.2of which: Export credits, netd .. 1.0 0.0 0.8 1.2 0.1 Direct investment .. 66.2 1.0 6.9 6.8 16.3 Othere .. .. 32.3 4.3 .. ..Total Financial flows 22.0 21.5 10.8 12.0 8.7 17.8Note: NopercentageisshownwheneitherthenetflowtoallLDCsorthenetflowtoalldevelopingcountriesinaparticularyearisnegative. For other notes and sources, see table 23.


29. Net ODAa from individual DAC member countries to LDCsDonor Countryb % of GNI Million dollars %

change1985 1990 2000 2006 2007 2008 1985 1990 2000 2006 2007 2008 2008/

2000Luxembourg 0.00 0.08 0.21 0.35 0.35 0.36 0 10 38 114 146 162 328.0Norway 0.38 0.46 0.26 0.34 0.34 0.33 242 530 426 1,159 1,322 1,496 251.1Denmark 0.32 0.35 0.34 0.32 0.35 0.32 190 461 536 899 1,075 1,097 104.7Sweden 0.28 0.32 0.22 0.30 0.29 0.31 298 765 529 1,180 1,357 1,538 190.7Ireland 0.07 0.05 0.14 0.28 0.27 0.29 14 21 114 537 606 674 489.2Netherlands 0.28 0.28 0.20 0.20 0.23 0.23 371 823 787 1,414 1,805 2,028 157.8Belgium 0.27 0.18 0.09 0.18 0.17 0.18 227 363 219 733 773 930 324.8United Kingdom 0.10 0.08 0.10 0.16 0.14 0.15 455 832 1,423 3,861 4,022 4,199 195.2Finland 0.17 0.23 0.09 0.15 0.15 0.15 92 317 112 308 365 400 258.7Canada 0.17 0.13 0.04 0.10 0.11 0.13 593 737 308 1,273 1,562 1,859 504.5France 0.17 0.18 0.08 0.12 0.11 0.11 945 2,277 1,137 2,668 2,958 3,056 168.8Switzerland 0.11 0.13 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.10 120 322 265 460 488 498 87.8Germany 0.12 0.10 0.06 0.09 0.09 0.10 877 1,760 1,205 2,672 3,019 3,628 201.0Spain 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.07 0.08 0.10 0 188 142 797 1,118 1,500 955.8Portugal 0.00 0.11 0.13 0.10 0.10 0.10 0 85 148 194 206 225 52.2DAC Countries, Total 0.09 0.09 0.05 0.08 0.08 0.09 8,021 15,096 12,411 30,065 32,096 37,173 199.5New Zealand 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.08 10 18 29 76 84 101 246.3Australia 0.09 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.08 148 171 293 528 687 765 160.9Italy 0.11 0.12 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.07 485 1,374 388 804 1,296 1,587 308.8Austria 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.07 42 102 108 253 253 280 159.2United States 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.05 0.04 0.06 1,779 2,190 1,980 6,498 6,113 8,270 317.7Japan 0.08 0.06 0.05 0.08 0.06 0.05 1,134 1,750 2,144 3,401 2,521 2,498 16.5Greece 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.04 0 0 19 105 110 144 677.7Korea 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0 0 61 132 210 235 285.4Sources: UNCTAD secretariat calculations based on OECD/DAC, International Development Statistics, online data, 13 nov 2010; UN DESA, Undata, UN National

account database for GNI.Notes: a Net disbursements including imputed flows through multilateral channels. b Ranked in descending order of the ODA/GNI ratio in 2008.


30. Bilateral ODA from DAC , non-DAC member countries and multilateral agencies to LDCs($ millions)

Country Net disbursements Commitments1985 1990 2000 2006 2007 2008 1985 1990 2000 2006 2007 2008

Bilateral Donors: DACAustralia 58.2 104.5 205.8 350.7 526.3 646.7 59.1 97.0 217.3 448.3 521.0 852.4Austria 10.6 57.5 60.7 69.7 50.2 106.7 10.7 127.6 56.1 78.2 72.1 143.4Belgium 177.6 269.9 153.5 480.0 493.0 540.8 82.8 269.9 158.6 560.0 697.3 642.6Canada 329.2 391.1 194.9 744.0 1 172.08 1,219.1 351.7 353.6 264.8 789.0 1,298.1 1,454.3Denmark 126.0 294.9 373.4 592.0 716.3 745.6 148.6 260.6 598.4 533.5 580.5 645.5Finland 60.5 194.6 65.6 161.6 208.0 232.6 125.4 129.8 44.6 246.9 285.9 330.8France 717.8 1,850.6 841.7 1,237.6 1,409.8 1,307.8 894.8 1,475.7 888.0 1,853.2 1,643.9 1,695.4Germany 578.6 1,154.5 662.9 1,223.6 1,267.5 1,758.4 834.9 1,317.4 496.0 1,462.3 1,416.6 2,076.5Greece .. .. 1.8 17.6 27.3 26.0 .. .. 1.8 17.6 27.3 26.0Ireland 10.4 13.9 98.3 362.3 465.0 526.9 10.4 13.9 98.3 362.3 465.0 526.9Italy 412.5 962.5 239.4 260.8 305.3 465.2 522.2 840.5 268.8 218.5 319.8 613.6Japan 561.8 1,066.3 1,308.5 1,112.4 1,872.9 1,418.2 632.1 1,142.0 1,262.1 1,697.8 2,828.7 2,349.3

.. 0.2 21.2 92.1 121.0 144.2 .. 0.3 38.3 171.7 311.5 479.2Luxembourg .. 7.4 32.2 78.6 105.1 117.6 .. .. 31.6 78.6 105.1 117.6Netherlands 252.2 583.0 553.9 939.5 1,185.7 1,361.0 250.7 671.3 609.4 1,473.0 1,235.3 1,696.4New Zealand 7.0 13.3 24.7 58.4 62.0 81.3 12.2 9.7 24.7 95.2 88.3 112.1Norway 156.4 355.8 310.7 790.8 969.6 1,092.6 151.1 187.0 249.2 773.2 961.3 1,339.5Portugal .. 84.1 124.9 118.2 130.8 134.5 .. .. 270.2 118.2 130.8 135.0Spain .. 91.0 65.6 141.8 436.1 707.9 .. .. 90.3 238.9 478.8 883.5Sweden 194.2 521.3 337.3 728.6 748.5 902.7 204.4 321.0 295.9 807.6 540.4 652.6Switzerland 86.0 230.0 163.1 248.6 295.3 290.6 136.3 212.7 202.6 221.1 357.5 365.2United Kingdom 281.5 472.9 1,015.3 2,151.0 2,318.1 2,572.8 232.2 479.9 1,026.7 2,193.1 2,308.5 2,595.3United States 1,423.0 1,093.0 1,043.5 5,308.2 4,800.7 7,027.3 1,358.2 1,145.9 1,218.1 6,177.9 6,687.3 11,015.9Total 5,443.6 9,812.3 7,898.7 17,268.4 19,686.3 23,426.6 6,017.9 9,055.5 8,411.5 20,616.1 23,361.0 30,748.8Bilateral Donors: non-DACCzech Republic .. .. 0.4 9.9 17.6 52.4 .. .. 0.4 .. .. ..Hungary .. .. .. 0.5 25.5 4.5 .. .. .. .. 19.6 ..Iceland .. .. 2.2 13.1 15.1 15.9Poland .. .. 0.8 93.9 5.8 13.2 .. .. .. 7.0 .. ..Slovak Republic .. .. .. 17.2 19.3 25.8 .. .. .. .. .. ..Turkey .. .. 0.4 80.6 100.8 195.1 .. .. .. 80.6 100.8 ..Arab Countries 646.1 570.9 149.5 91.0 137.4 169.9 830.1 541.0 199.6 125.9 7.0 316.0Other Bilateral Donors .. 3.9 19.8 92.1 105.3 208.3 .. .. 19.8 .. .. 4.9Total 646.1 574.7 173.1 398.2 426.8 685.0 830.1 541.0 219.8 213.4 127.5 320.9Multilateral DonorsAfDF 169.6 557.7 199.8 1,281.9 967.9 1,037.0 344.4 831.3 391.1 1,223.6 915.5 1,470.3Arab Agencies 76.9 9.6 5.6 224.9 234.7 214.4 191.5 216.6 239.0 320.4 348.2 341.4AsDF 229.6 448.2 388.4 461.3 490.1 636.8 383.7 536.4 589.5 708.2 605.3 1,092.0CarDB .. .. .. .. .. 11.1 .. .. .. .. 10.0 11.1EU Institutions 551.8 1,158.5 1,012.3 3,115.2 3,827.6 4,478.9 578.9 787.5 2,027.9 3,300.6 3,521.9 6,444.0GEF .. .. .. 30.5 73.5 64.6 .. .. .. 30.5 73.5 64.6GAVI .. .. .. .. 298.7 367.4 .. .. .. .. 298.7 367.4Global Fund .. .. .. 653.2 821.2 1,237.7 .. .. .. 849.8 1,229.8 1,593.3IBRD 0.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..IDA 1,177.6 2,136.0 1,658.1 3,436.5 4,477.0 4,124.0 1,580.4 2,986.0 3,242.0 3,657.8 6,459.3 5,563.9IDB Spec. Fund 10.7 11.7 26.4 49.9 94.3 102.7 24.7 56.0 1.8 102.5 2.7 7.2IFAD 107.8 120.6 78.1 113.4 200.6 200.5 83.2 66.1 152.1 199.8 256.5 220.2Trust Fund+SAF+ESAF+PRGF(IMF) -108.8 297.9 57.7 242.0 47.6 599.1Nordic Dev. Fund .. .. 25.0 41.4 37.5 58.4 .. .. 30.2 23.9 0.5 2.4UNAIDS .. .. .. 12.4 29.6 18.1 .. .. .. .. .. 18.1UNDP 272.3 365.1 186.6 250.8 252.3 300.6 .. .. .. .. .. 307.4UNFPA 26.3 45.4 52.4 91.1 102.1 139.3 .. .. .. .. .. 140.2UNHCR 201.8 197.6 172.1 25.1 38.0 44.2UNICEF 126.5 231.7 170.7 294.2 443.3 472.0 .. .. .. 295.7 443.9 473.4UNTA 61.5 58.1 111.6 84.5 112.8 32.0WFP 341.5 491.7 215.9 217.0 155.9 199.7Total 3,245.7 6,129.8 4,360.4 10,633.3 12,714.5 14,348.6 4,295.2 6,995.1 6,673.6 10,712.7 14,165.7 18,116.9Grand Total 9,335.4 16,516.8 12,432.1 28,299.9 32,827.6 38,460.1 11,143.2 16,591.7 15,304.9 31,542.2 37,654.2 49,186.6Source: UNCTAD secretariat calculations based on OECD DAC, International Development Statistics, online, November, 2010.


31. Net ODA to LDCs from DAC member countries and multilateral agencies mainly financed by them: Distribution by donor and shares allocated to LDCs in total ODA to all developing countries

(per cent)

Country Distribution by donor Share of LDCs in ODA flows to all developing countries

1985 1990 2000 2006 2007 2008 1985 1990 2000 2006 2007 2008Bilateral Donors: DACAustralia 0.6 0.6 1.7 1.2 1.6 1.7 10.9 13.9 27.4 19.5 23.2 24.4Austria 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.3 6.2 96.4 29.9 7.2 4.4 9.8Belgium 1.9 1.6 1.2 1.7 1.5 1.4 64.5 49.3 32.9 36.2 40.0 39.6Canada 3.5 2.4 1.6 2.6 3.6 3.2 33.0 23.1 17.5 30.6 38.2 36.9Denmark 1.3 1.8 3.0 2.1 2.2 1.9 55.1 42.4 37.7 41.2 44.1 41.6Finland 0.6 1.2 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 47.4 39.3 33.6 37.3 36.8 35.4France 7.7 11.2 6.8 4.4 4.3 3.4 30.1 33.1 30.5 16.3 23.1 20.9Germany 6.2 7.0 5.3 4.3 3.9 4.6 29.7 26.1 28.3 19.1 17.1 21.1Greece 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 .. .. 11.4 16.6 18.5 14.5Ireland 0.1 0.1 0.8 1.3 1.4 1.4 60.6 60.8 68.0 57.9 56.9 57.2Italy 4.4 5.8 1.9 0.9 0.9 1.2 53.4 46.8 87.1 14.7 25.3 26.5Japan 6.0 6.5 10.5 3.9 5.7 3.7 22.0 15.7 13.9 15.6 34.0 21.5Korea 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 .. 2.0 19.4 27.3 25.7 27.5Luxembourg 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 .. 49.6 36.6 41.2 44.1 44.9Netherlands 2.7 3.5 4.5 3.3 3.6 3.5 33.4 31.8 26.9 22.4 26.0 27.0New Zealand 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 16.3 16.4 29.2 28.8 25.1 29.3Norway 1.7 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.0 2.8 47.7 46.9 39.6 39.1 35.3 37.8Portugal 0.0 0.5 1.0 0.4 0.4 0.3 .. 81.4 71.4 59.9 55.7 39.6Spain 0.0 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.3 1.8 0.0 14.4 10.0 7.0 13.4 15.1Sweden 2.1 3.2 2.7 2.6 2.3 2.3 33.5 37.8 29.0 27.3 27.4 30.8Switzerland 0.9 1.4 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.8 37.8 41.8 31.1 23.8 26.4 21.3United Kingdom 3.0 2.9 8.2 7.6 7.1 6.7 33.9 32.1 39.9 25.3 42.1 35.6United States 15.2 6.6 8.4 18.8 14.6 18.3 17.6 13.1 15.9 26.5 26.5 31.1Total 58.3 59.4 63.5 61.0 60.0 60.9 25.9 25.6 23.6 23.5 28.0 28.2Bilateral Donors: non-DACCzech Republic 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 .. .. 7.2 17.7 30.3 57.7Hungary 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 .. .. .. 0.6 92.9 76.1Iceland 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. 0.0 58.0 47.8 41.0 45.5Poland 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 .. .. 10.6 96.7 5.5 32.2Slovak Republic 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 .. .. 0.0 87.4 83.0 74.9Turkey 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.5 .. 0.0 3.7 24.6 36.9 43.6Arab Countries 6.9 3.5 1.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 21.8 9.8 37.0 3.7 5.3 2.9Other Bilateral Donors 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.5 .. 15.8 17.6 14.0 14.7 27.1Total 6.9 3.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.8 21.8 9.8 31.8 10.8 11.1 9.4Multilateral DonorsAfDF 1.8 3.4 1.6 4.5 2.9 2.7 80.7 92.5 66.5 83.2 80.1 63.8Arab Agencies 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.8 0.7 0.6 60.5 12.9 17.9 54.3 56.4 51.3AsDF 2.5 2.7 3.1 1.6 1.5 1.7 58.4 40.7 43.8 49.0 42.5 43.4CarDB 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 17.3EU Institutions 5.9 7.0 8.1 11.0 11.7 11.6 42.0 45.3 30.4 36.3 37.2 35.7GEF 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 .. .. .. 5.8 7.1 8.3GAVI 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 1.0 .. .. .. .. 31.8 50.5Global Fund 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.3 2.5 3.2 .. .. .. 55.3 53.8 60.4IBRD 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.9 .. .. .. .. ..IDA 12.6 12.9 13.3 12.1 13.6 10.7 45.3 54.6 46.5 58.5 64.1 65.7IDB Spec. Fund 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 3.0 7.6 17.2 23.1 36.7 33.2IFAD 1.2 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.5 39.9 49.2 59.6 55.0 66.0 66.8Trust fund+SAF+ESAF+PRGF(IMF) -1.2 1.8 0.5 0.9 0.1 1.6 36.5 92.7 -59.7 59.5 -222.8 160.6Nordic Dev. Fund 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 .. .. 65.8 61.0 55.4 64.4UNAIDS 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 .. .. .. 7.0 15.7 8.8UNDP 2.9 2.2 1.5 0.9 0.8 0.8 43.2 40.2 50.0 62.3 62.0 65.5UNFPA 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 20.7 25.5 40.7 44.5 48.9 52.8UNHCR 2.2 1.2 1.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 49.4 44.0 47.8 15.4 16.8 17.9UNICEF 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.4 1.2 45.4 39.7 30.2 41.0 46.1 48.9UNTA 0.7 0.4 0.9 0.3 0.3 0.1 21.8 25.5 26.3 25.7 26.6 5.5WFP 3.7 3.0 1.7 0.8 0.5 0.5 43.9 52.7 63.3 46.3 69.4 65.4Total 34.8 37.1 35.1 37.6 38.7 37.3 42.1 48.7 40.0 45.9 45.9 46.3Grand Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 29.5 29.1 27.7 28.2 32.2 31.7Source: UNCTAD secretariat calculations based on OECD DAC, International Development Statistics, online, November, 2010.


32. Total Financial Flows and ODA from all sources to individual LDCsNet disbursements in million dollars

Country Total Financial Flows of which: ODA1985 1990 2000 2006 2007 2008 1985 1990 2000 2006 2007 2008

Afghanistan -6 120 157 3,001 3,972 4,926 16 122 136 2,956 3,965 4,865Angola 257 88 118 471 526 2,651 90 266 302 164 248 369Bangladesh 1,104 2,164 1,234 1,328 1,724 2,784 1,128 2,093 1,172 1,220 1,515 2,061Benin 96 242 232 392 508 652 94 267 243 378 474 641Bhutan 23 49 44 100 89 91 23 46 53 102 90 87Burkina Faso 183 342 187 974 895 1,035 188 327 180 874 951 998Burundi 152 253 79 424 486 471 137 263 93 431 475 509Cambodia 12 41 404 720 1,357 1,217 12 41 396 529 675 743Central African Rep. 111 256 50 137 188 233 104 249 75 134 177 256Chad 178 312 -226 302 413 436 179 311 130 288 358 416Comoros 50 44 -2 31 -41 39 47 45 19 31 44 37Congo, Dem. Rep. 461 1,409 192 1,234 1,162 1,618 305 896 177 2,080 1,241 1,648Djibouti 103 191 91 182 133 155 81 194 71 115 112 121Equatorial Guinea 28 62 22 1,131 -207 -982 17 60 21 26 31 32Eritrea .. .. 183 133 160 137 .. .. 176 126 158 143Ethiopia .. .. 680 1,964 2,491 3,190 .. .. 686 1,964 2,563 3,327Gambia 47 106 45 81 107 95 48 97 50 73 73 94Guinea 105 283 329 177 232 224 113 292 153 170 228 319Guinea-Bissau 62 133 85 80 102 116 56 126 81 87 122 132Haiti 141 153 176 731 642 936 149 167 208 582 702 912Kiribati 12 20 18 26 19 27 12 20 18 27 27 27Lao People's Dem. Rep. 64 148 286 1,444 618 626 37 148 281 364 396 496Lesotho 117 145 11 60 110 134 92 139 37 71 129 143Liberia -294 519 632 291 1,908 1,905 90 114 67 260 701 1,250Madagascar 209 429 317 891 1,185 2,236 185 397 320 757 894 841Malawi 117 515 431 706 724 924 112 500 446 698 742 913Maldives 10 38 11 142 121 72 9 21 19 38 37 54Mali 375 471 313 839 928 938 374 479 288 831 1,020 964Mauritania 222 218 220 186 216 309 205 236 221 203 342 311Mozambique 326 1,046 1,176 1,620 1,779 1,886 296 997 906 1,606 1,778 1,994Myanmar 309 115 56 120 123 534 344 161 106 146 198 534Nepal 241 426 405 497 604 709 231 423 386 511 609 716Niger 279 373 183 -408 323 578 298 388 208 526 542 605Rwanda 181 283 318 562 777 949 177 288 321 589 722 931Samoa 20 54 28 50 66 80 19 48 27 47 37 39Sao Tome & Principe 12 53 36 27 13 42 12 54 35 23 36 47Senegal 302 753 480 837 979 1,350 285 812 429 832 872 1,058Sierra Leone 55 63 185 439 373 377 64 59 181 347 545 367Solomon Islands 22 58 55 216 256 263 21 46 68 205 246 224Somalia 377 486 100 399 391 766 351 491 101 391 384 758Sudan 1,113 730 315 2,115 2,145 2,404 1,125 813 220 2,044 2,112 2,384Tanzania 549 1,118 1,228 1,994 2,375 2,516 477 1,163 1,063 1,838 2,818 2,331Timor-Leste -5 -5 649 146 279 281 0 231 209 278 278Togo 90 256 60 155 194 313 111 258 70 79 121 330Tuvalu 3 5 0 19 11 17 3 5 4 15 12 17Uganda 220 660 828 1,568 1,787 1,891 179 663 853 1,553 1,736 1,657Vanuatu 38 148 71 79 48 156 22 50 46 49 57 92Yemen 393 326 287 872 322 1,271 388 400 263 280 236 305Zambia 520 578 701 842 1,295 1,591 319 475 795 1,435 998 1,086LDCs 9,764 17,258 13,479 30,327 34,908 45,174 9,335 16,517 12,432 28,300 32,828 38,460All developing countries 44,380 80,351 125,229 253,497 401,275 253,524 31,686 56,722 44,870 100,301 101,871 121,421Sources: UNCTAD secretariat calculations based on OECD/DAC, International Development Statistics, online data, November, 2010.


33. Bilateral and Multilateral net ODA disbursements to individuals LDCs

CountryPer

capita

Net disburse-

ments

of which: technical

cooperation

Bilateral ODAa

of which: Grants

Multi-lateral ODA

of which: Grants

Per capita

Net disburse-

ments

of which: technical

cooperation

Bilateral ODAa

of which: Grants

Multi-lateral ODA

of which: Grants

Dollars $ millions As percentage of total net ODA Dollars $ millions As percentage of total net ODA

1997-1998 2007-2008Afghanistanb 9.9 192.0 14.9 55.2 55.3 44.8 44.8 165.0 4,414.8 13.9 82.4 82.1 17.6 14.0Ethiopiab 10.1 619.2 21.8 61.3 60.6 38.7 24.7 37.0 2,945.0 4.7 53.5 51.7 46.5 36.3United Rep. of Tanzaniab 30.3 971.6 20.9 69.1 68.9 30.9 7.6 61.5 2,574.6 4.7 62.3 61.2 37.7 15.5Sudan 5.3 173.9 16.8 68.1 70.3 31.9 34.6 55.0 2,247.5 5.1 82.4 78.8 17.6 16.5Mozambiqueb 58.1 993.5 15.7 67.0 65.4 33.0 10.3 85.2 1,885.9 8.8 64.7 64.7 35.3 16.5Bangladesh 8.1 1,086.4 20.1 54.8 62.4 45.2 14.6 11.3 1,788.0 10.6 42.7 70.8 57.3 17.2Ugandab 32.4 734.0 18.8 56.3 51.8 43.7 27.1 54.5 1,696.5 6.0 59.4 59.8 40.6 18.9Dem. Rep.of the Congob 3.0 141.5 31.6 69.0 72.3 31.0 33.4 22.8 1,444.6 9.7 61.6 61.8 38.4 41.0Zambiab 48.9 478.7 23.8 65.0 68.4 35.0 8.4 83.6 1,042.1 7.4 68.0 69.3 32.0 23.1Malib 38.7 387.6 30.0 62.1 64.1 37.9 18.9 79.0 991.8 12.6 55.1 57.5 44.9 24.1Liberiab 31.7 73.9 21.8 42.8 51.5 57.2 57.6 262.9 975.6 2.0 55.1 70.2 44.9 33.0Burkina Fasob 35.4 384.1 24.1 59.1 59.1 40.9 20.2 65.1 974.5 10.6 46.7 45.4 53.3 32.3Senegalb 49.9 462.1 31.1 64.0 66.3 36.0 17.8 80.1 964.9 22.3 55.7 56.3 44.3 17.0Madagascarb 46.4 656.8 15.6 67.2 71.5 32.8 14.1 46.0 867.8 12.6 38.7 39.4 61.3 26.4Malawib 35.7 389.2 22.1 48.5 47.7 51.5 17.1 56.5 827.4 8.9 51.5 64.4 48.5 86.1Rwandab 44.8 289.8 20.5 67.0 68.9 33.0 7.4 86.2 826.4 10.1 50.1 50.3 49.9 36.9Haitib 44.3 366.0 27.9 58.3 46.2 41.7 18.2 82.3 806.7 12.6 61.5 60.8 38.5 24.9Cambodia 27.8 336.4 36.2 68.6 68.9 31.4 18.1 49.1 708.7 19.7 66.2 59.4 33.8 20.2Nepal 17.4 401.3 33.6 56.5 55.6 43.5 9.9 23.2 662.5 15.0 63.7 74.0 36.3 28.1Nigerb 30.8 312.2 23.1 54.0 58.3 46.0 20.5 39.8 573.6 11.6 44.1 45.8 55.9 42.8Somalia 11.7 80.6 26.4 55.2 59.2 44.8 50.9 64.7 571.2 1.6 73.0 73.1 27.0 27.0Beninb 34.5 212.9 33.8 68.2 69.0 31.8 22.6 65.4 557.6 14.9 49.3 50.7 50.7 28.2Burundib 9.9 62.0 25.3 65.9 79.6 34.1 23.4 61.8 491.9 10.5 46.5 49.0 53.5 48.9Sierra Leoneb 27.8 112.2 13.0 43.8 43.7 56.2 27.7 83.1 456.1 11.2 60.8 64.7 39.2 87.4Lao People's Dem. Rep. 59.0 302.1 21.9 54.9 54.5 45.1 8.7 72.5 445.9 19.7 68.6 49.2 31.4 18.6Chad 25.6 197.6 22.9 45.7 46.2 54.3 24.8 35.9 386.9 10.3 65.3 67.5 34.7 41.5Myanmar 1.3 60.8 54.2 66.6 122.1 33.4 47.5 7.4 365.6 9.6 77.5 79.0 22.5 22.9Mauritaniab 82.8 201.1 19.2 34.9 45.4 65.1 44.3 102.7 326.3 13.9 45.6 46.9 54.4 28.0Angola 25.8 345.0 15.8 64.0 55.6 36.0 26.6 17.3 308.3 18.0 52.2 67.7 47.8 45.1Timor-Leste .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 257.0 277.9 33.7 82.4 82.4 17.6 17.6Guinea 46.4 370.3 13.3 44.8 35.8 55.2 17.6 28.1 273.5 17.5 62.7 67.3 37.3 37.6Yemen 21.3 360.5 16.3 47.4 42.7 52.6 9.5 12.0 270.8 20.6 66.9 74.4 33.1 27.6Solomon Islands 108.6 42.2 42.6 70.6 65.4 29.4 8.5 466.2 235.2 61.2 96.2 97.1 3.8 4.4Togo 26.3 126.8 21.3 56.0 58.8 44.0 10.3 35.3 225.5 14.8 53.0 54.0 47.0 65.9Central African Rep.b 29.8 105.5 24.8 55.9 65.9 44.1 42.0 50.4 216.6 13.8 56.9 60.2 43.1 42.5Eritrea 43.1 145.3 23.3 78.1 56.7 21.9 12.7 31.0 150.7 6.7 36.0 36.2 64.0 45.5Lesotho 42.3 76.4 30.6 54.4 49.2 45.6 28.4 66.7 136.1 9.6 46.8 48.9 53.2 39.6Guinea-Bissau 89.2 110.1 32.7 56.1 56.1 43.9 22.2 81.5 127.0 15.1 38.3 38.3 61.7 62.0Djibouti 123.3 83.2 36.0 78.6 72.6 21.4 15.2 138.6 116.7 14.5 64.9 61.7 35.1 22.7Bhutan 115.8 60.7 35.5 69.7 65.8 30.3 19.6 129.4 88.2 19.3 52.9 54.6 47.1 31.6Gambiab 32.8 39.1 32.6 38.1 49.6 61.9 36.3 51.0 83.5 10.7 40.9 38.6 59.1 178.7Vanuatu 187.5 33.9 62.1 73.0 74.5 0.0 8.7 321.2 74.2 48.2 95.3 96.3 0.0 7.3Maldives 97.5 25.5 29.4 60.4 67.8 39.6 13.0 151.3 45.8 15.0 73.2 38.8 26.8 17.6Sao Tome & Principeb 229.2 30.7 41.3 64.1 65.0 35.9 20.7 261.2 41.5 34.1 69.3 86.5 30.7 116.6Comoros 59.7 31.2 36.7 54.6 60.6 45.4 34.8 62.6 40.9 34.9 50.9 55.3 49.1 48.5Samoa 183.2 31.7 64.2 88.4 89.4 11.6 5.6 215.0 38.5 60.0 72.8 72.9 27.2 21.7Equatorial Guinea 47.3 23.2 55.2 78.3 83.6 21.7 27.7 48.7 31.7 33.9 69.8 75.7 30.2 37.0Kiribati 205.1 16.5 48.0 92.3 92.3 7.7 8.1 281.1 26.9 33.3 79.7 79.7 20.3 21.5Tuvalu 816.1 7.7 46.0 93.3 93.3 6.7 6.8 1,437.2 14.2 25.2 85.8 85.8 14.2 7.2LDCs 20.0 12,744.5 22.8 60.2 60.5 39.8 18.2 44.2 35,643.8 10.8 62.0 64.0 38.0 27.5All developing countries 10.0 46,578.9 29.6 70.5 66.3 29.5 14.5 20.7 111,646.2 14.9 73.7 75.1 26.3 21.3Source: UNCTAD secretariat calculations based on OECD DAC, International Development Statistics, online, November, 2010; UNCTADSTAT, November,

2010. Notes: Countries have been ranked in descending order of total net ODA disbursements received in 2007-2008. a It includes ODA from DAC and non-DAC donors. b LDCs that have reached the HIPC completion point ( World Bank, October 2010).


34 . Foreign Direct Investment: Inflow to and outflow from LDCs($ millions)

Country FDI Inflow FDI Outflow1985 1990 2000 2005 2007 2008 2009 1985 1990 2000 2005 2007 2008 2009

Afghanistan .. .. 0.2 271.0 243.0 300.0 185.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Angola 278.0 -334.8 878.6 6,794.2 9,795.8 16,581.0 13,100.6 .. 0.9 -21.4 221.2 911.9 2,569.6 8.3Bangladesh -6.7 3.2 578.7 845.3 666.4 1,086.3 716.0 .. 0.5 2.0 3.3 21.0 9.3 15.2Benin -0.1 62.4 59.7 53.4 261.3 173.8 92.5 .. 0.3 3.6 -0.4 -6.1 -2.7 -3.5Bhutan .. 1.6 0.0 9.0 73.3 29.7 36.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Burkina Faso -1.4 0.5 23.1 34.2 343.5 137.1 171.4 0.0 -0.6 0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5Burundi 1.6 1.3 11.7 0.6 0.5 13.6 9.9 -1.1 0.0 0.0 .. 0.0 .. ..Cambodia .. .. 148.5 381.2 867.3 815.2 532.5 .. .. 16.3 11.4 4.8 24.2 -1.4Central African Republic 3.0 0.7 0.8 32.4 56.7 117.1 42.3 0.6 3.8 .. .. .. .. ..Chad 53.7 9.4 115.2 -99.3 -69.5 233.6 461.8 0.3 0.1 .. .. .. .. ..Comoros .. 0.4 0.1 0.6 7.5 7.5 9.1 .. 1.1 .. .. .. .. ..Dem. Rep. of the Congo 69.2 -14.5 72.0 .. 1,808.0 1,726.8 951.4 .. .. -1.8 13.4 18.3 54.1 30.3Djibouti 0.2 0.1 3.3 59.0 195.4 234.0 100.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Equatorial Guinea 2.4 11.1 154.5 769.1 1,242.7 -793.9 1,636.2 .. 0.1 -3.6 .. .. .. ..Eritrea _ _ 27.9 -1.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 _ _ .. .. .. .. ..Ethiopia 0.2 12.0 134.6 265.1 222.0 108.5 93.6 _ _ .. .. .. .. ..Gambia -0.5 14.1 43.5 44.7 76.5 70.1 47.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Guinea 1.1 17.9 9.9 105.0 385.9 381.9 140.9 0.0 0.1 .. -5.0 .. 126.1 ..Guinea-Bissau 1.4 2.0 0.7 8.0 18.6 6.0 14.0 .. .. .. 0.7 -0.3 0.3 0.2Haiti 4.9 8.0 13.3 26.0 74.5 29.8 38.0 .. -8.0 .. .. .. .. ..Kiribati 0.2 0.3 17.6 0.8 -8.3 1.9 2.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Lao People's Dem. Rep. -1.6 6.0 34.0 27.7 323.5 227.7 156.7 -0.2 0.2 4.1 .. .. .. ..Lesotho 4.8 16.1 31.5 57.3 96.6 55.6 48.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Liberia -16.2 225.2 20.8 82.8 131.6 200.0 378.0 245.0 -3.1 779.9 436.8 362.6 381.9 363.6Madagascar -0.2 22.4 83.0 86.0 777.5 1,179.8 542.6 .. 1.3 .. .. .. .. ..Malawi 0.5 23.3 39.6 52.3 92.1 170.0 60.4 .. .. -0.6 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.3Maldives 1.2 5.6 13.0 9.5 15.0 12.0 9.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Mali 2.9 5.7 82.4 224.7 65.5 179.7 109.1 .. 0.2 4.0 -0.9 7.3 2.5 3.7Mauritania 7.0 6.7 40.1 814.1 138.3 338.4 -38.3 .. .. .. 2.0 3.8 4.1 ..Mozambique 0.3 9.2 139.2 107.9 427.4 591.6 881.2 .. .. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 2.8Myanmar .. 225.1 208.0 235.8 257.7 283.5 323.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Nepal 0.7 5.9 -0.5 2.4 5.9 1.0 38.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Niger -9.4 40.8 8.4 30.3 129.0 565.9 738.9 1.9 0.0 -0.6 -4.4 8.1 24.4 10.5Rwanda 14.6 7.7 8.1 14.3 82.3 103.4 118.7 .. .. .. .. 12.9 13.6 13.6Samoa 0.4 6.6 -1.5 -3.6 1.0 13.0 1.4 .. .. .. 2.0 0.0 0.0 1.5Sao Tome and Principe .. .. 3.8 15.7 35.3 32.5 35.8 .. .. .. 14.5 3.1 6.9 4.4Senegal -18.9 56.9 62.9 52.3 272.7 272.4 207.5 3.1 -9.5 0.6 -7.7 24.7 9.0 14.5Sierra Leone -31.0 32.4 38.9 83.2 96.6 53.0 33.4 .. 0.1 .. -7.5 .. .. ..Solomon Islands 0.7 10.4 1.4 18.6 66.7 75.5 173.0 .. .. 0.1 0.2 9.8 11.9 13.9Somalia -0.7 5.6 0.3 24.0 141.0 87.0 108.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Sudan -3.0 -31.1 392.2 2,304.6 2,436.3 2,600.5 3,034.1 .. .. .. .. 10.7 98.2 45.0Timor-Leste _ _ _ 0.1 8.7 37.8 18.3 _ _ _ .. .. .. ..Togo 16.3 22.7 41.5 77.0 49.2 23.9 50.1 .. .. 0.4 -14.9 -0.7 -15.9 -10.3Tuvalu .. .. -0.9 0.0 0.1 1.7 2.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Uganda -4.0 -5.9 180.8 379.8 733.0 787.4 798.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..United Rep. of Tanzania 14.5 0.0 282.0 494.1 647.0 679.3 645.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Vanuatu 4.6 13.1 20.3 13.3 34.0 32.9 27.2 .. .. .. 0.8 0.6 -0.5 0.1Yemen 3.2 -130.9 6.4 -302.1 917.3 1,554.6 129.2 0.5 .. -8.8 65.0 53.8 66.0 66.4Zambia 51.5 202.8 121.7 356.9 1,323.9 938.6 959.4 .. .. .. .. 85.6 .. ..LDCs 445.6 578.1 4,151.3 14,858.2 25,566.3 32,358.4 27,971.0 250.1 -12.5 774.6 731.5 1,533.8 3,384.6 580.6LDCs: Africa and Haiti 442.8 430.7 3,122.3 13,333.1 22,051.8 27,845.6 25,574.9 249.9 -14.3 761.0 634.3 1,440.7 3,266.9 480.5LDCs: Asia -4.4 111.0 975.3 1,470.3 3,354.4 4,297.9 2,117.3 0.3 0.7 13.6 79.7 79.6 99.5 80.2LDCs: Islands 7.2 36.4 53.6 54.8 160.1 214.9 278.8 .. 1.1 0.1 17.5 13.5 18.3 19.9Other developing countries 13,708.2 34,517.5 252,314.0 315,271.7 539,363.6 597,654.1 450,378.0 3,661.4 11,920.9 134,191.6 126,408.8 290,613.2 292,901.0 228,578.1All Developing economies 14,153.7 35,095.6 256,465.2 330,129.9 564,929.9 630,012.5 478,349.0 3,911.6 11,908.4 134,966.2 127,140.3 292,147.0 296,285.6 229,158.6

Source: UNCTAD, UNCTADSTAT, FDI/TNC database, 2010.


35. External debt and debt service by source of lending($ millions)

External debt (at year end)a Debt service

1985 1990 2000 2006 2007 2008% of total

1985 1990 2000 2006 2007 2008% of total

1985 2008 1985 2008I. Long term 58,848 105,949 119,565 108,572 120,122 129,168 80.2 85.1 2191 3049 4470 8020 8975 6036 100.0 100.0Public and publicly guaranteed

58,381 105,108 117,175 105,889 116,305 124,793 79.6 84.4 2139 2968 4408 7798 8689 5750 97.6 97.3

OfficialCreditors 50,613 90,387 107,365 96,129 105,103 110,810 69.0 72.6 1504 2219 2842 4872 4727 4337 68.6 72.8 A Concessional 38,252 69,245 90,616 84,789 93,356 99,627 52.1 55.6 681 1240 2228 3018 2994 3339 31.1 40.7 Of which: bilateral concessional 25,399 39,415 36,900 32,135 34,503 36,824 34.6 31.6 456 754 1152 1186 1388 1351 20.8 24.7 multilateral concessional 12,853 29,830 53,717 52,653 58,854 62,803 17.5 24.0 225 486 1076 1832 1606 1987 10.3 15.9 B. Non-concessional 12,361 21,142 16,748 11,340 11,746 11,183 16.8 17.0 822 979 614 1854 1733 998 37.5 32.1

Private creditors 7,768 14,721 9,811 9,760 11,202 13,983 10.6 11.8 635 749 1565 2926 3963 1414 29.0 24.6 bonds 7 10 7 1 0 0 0.0 0.0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0.1 0.0 commercial banks 2,491 3,159 5,024 6,680 8,171 10,893 3.4 2.5 227 174 1273 2099 3659 1040 10.4 5.7 other private 5,270 11,552 4,779 3,079 3,030 3,089 7.2 9.3 407 574 292 827 304 373 18.6 18.8

Private non-guaranteed 467 841 2,390 2,684 3,817 4,375 0.6 0.7 53 81 62 222 285 285 2.4 2.7

II. Short term 9,351 13,201 17,262 19,568 20,612 21,757 12.7 10.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..III. Use of IMF 5,168 5,391 5,834 3,302 3,433 4,255 7.0 4.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Total external debt 73,367 124,540 142,661 131,442 144,167 155,179 100.0 100.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Source: UNCTAD secretariat calculations, based on World Bank, Global Development Finance, online, November, 2010. a Refers to debt stocks.


36. Total External Debt and Debt Service Payments of Individual LDCs($ millions)

Country External debt (at year end)a Debt serviceb

1985 1990 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 1985 1990 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008Afghanistan .. .. .. .. 929 1,974 2,200 .. .. .. .. 9 10 11Angola .. 8,592 9,408 11,822 9,469 11,516 15,130 .. 283 1,680 2,546 4,337 4,333 1,575Bangladesh 6,658 12,453 15,740 18,959 20,535 21,859 23,644 195 495 684 769 644 934 990Benin 854 1,292 1,591 1,842 813 859 986 41 33 60 58 80 67 97Bhutan 9 84 204 649 713 775 692 0 5 7 7 9 31 81Burkina Faso 513 832 1,422 1,994 1,123 1,456 1,681 25 28 38 41 47 37 43Burundi 455 907 1,108 1,322 1,412 1,456 1,445 21 40 14 39 39 39 42Cambodia 7 1,845 2,628 3,515 3,527 3,761 4,215 0 29 19 20 28 27 40Central African Republic 344 699 858 1,002 992 946 949 12 17 12 1 63 63 27Chad 216 514 1,091 1,585 1,707 1,797 1,749 12 6 22 40 47 56 124Comoros 134 188 237 291 296 291 281 2 1 2 4 3 26 12Dem. Rep. of the Congo 6,183 10,259 11,692 10,600 11,244 12,359 12,199 300 137 0 209 313 468 494Djibouti 96 155 258 407 452 657 685 4 11 11 15 19 20 22Equatorial Guinea .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Eritrea .. .. 300 725 785 860 962 .. .. 3 20 12 6 15Ethiopia 5,212 8,645 5,495 6,204 2,273 2,620 2,882 111 201 123 85 165 132 110Gambia 245 369 483 670 728 727 453 1 30 19 25 27 31 24Guinea 1,465 2,478 3,066 2,898 3,046 3,143 3,092 61 149 133 137 147 149 123Guinea-Bissau 319 695 947 1,044 1,098 1,158 1,157 5 6 4 3 12 13 15Haiti 757 917 1,173 1,327 1,505 1,580 1,935 21 15 33 51 52 54 42Kiribati .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Lao People’s Dem. Rep. 619 1,766 2,501 2,844 3,377 4,388 4,944 5 8 32 126 178 187 199Lesotho 175 396 672 662 650 678 682 18 23 56 79 45 95 32Liberia 1,250 2,056 2,820 3,928 4,141 3,692 3,484 19 2 0 0 0 627 82Madagascar 2,520 3,689 4,691 3,490 1,488 1,703 2,086 94 155 102 66 67 18 21Malawi 1,021 1,557 2,705 3,183 872 836 963 76 103 51 60 67 32 33Maldives 83 78 206 390 484 576 987 9 7 19 33 34 43 55Mali 1,456 2,468 2,980 3,222 1,643 1,985 2,190 34 43 68 79 90 66 68Mauritania 1,454 2,113 2,378 2,308 1,618 1,700 1,960 76 118 66 52 67 116 59Mozambique 2,871 4,650 7,247 4,467 2,931 3,012 3,432 57 64 84 64 45 29 38Myanmar 3,098 4,695 5,928 6,652 6,839 7,598 7,210 185 57 75 92 70 162 167Nepal 590 1,627 2,867 3,180 3,392 3,602 3,685 13 52 95 115 134 143 161Niger 1,228 1,762 1,713 2,023 868 967 966 95 71 22 35 64 26 27Rwanda 363 708 1,272 1,518 419 583 679 13 14 21 19 31 17 19Samoa 75 92 147 177 206 235 257 5 4 6 6 8 12 14Sao Tome and Principe 63 150 310 345 360 173 178 3 2 3 8 9 7 3Senegal 2,559 3,754 3,622 3,865 1,923 2,589 2,861 103 225 185 167 190 171 175Sierra Leone 708 1,176 1,190 1,540 1,265 312 389 15 16 19 14 28 10 5Solomon Islands 66 120 155 166 173 176 165 3 10 9 14 4 15 15Somalia 1,639 2,370 2,562 2,750 2,838 2,944 2,949 5 7 0 0 0 0 0Sudan 8,955 14,762 16,009 17,390 18,220 19,123 19,633 89 23 185 358 292 303 307Timor-Leste .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Togo 935 1,281 1,430 1,683 1,795 1,980 1,573 90 60 15 8 18 6 192Tuvalu .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Uganda 1,239 2,606 3,497 4,421 1,260 1,610 2,249 56 84 47 132 109 62 67United Rep. of Tanzania 9,090 6,446 7,136 8,335 4,028 4,974 5,938 136 136 145 75 99 45 49Vanuatu 16 38 74 82 83 94 138 1 2 2 2 3 3 3Yemen 3,341 6,354 5,125 5,439 5,644 6,089 6,258 94 108 126 148 167 177 203Zambia 4,487 6,905 5,722 5,377 2,277 2,755 2,986 87 171 177 194 149 107 153LDCs 73,367 124,540 142,661 156,294 131,442 144,167 155,179 2,191 3,049 4,470 6,014 8,020 8,975 6,036LDCs: Africa and Haiti 58,610 95,051 106,538 113,604 84,884 92,576 100,325 1,677 2,268 3,392 4,670 6,719 7,198 4,079LDCs: Asia 14,321 28,823 34,993 41,238 44,956 50,045 52,849 493 754 1,037 1,277 1,240 1,671 1,853LDCs: Islands 436 666 1,130 1,451 1,603 1,545 2,006 22 27 40 67 61 106 103Source: UNCTAD secretariat calculations, based on World Bank, Global Development Finance, online, October, 2010.Note: a External debt cover both long-term and short term debt as well as the use of IMF credit. b Debt service cover long term debt only. c LDC aggregates don't include Equatorial Guinea, Kiribati, Timor Leste, Tuvalu and Afghanistan from 1985 to 2005 and Angola in 1985.


37. Debt and debt service ratio(percentage)

Country External Debta/GDP Debt serviceb/ exportsc

1985 1990 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 1985 1990 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008Afghanistan .. .. .. .. 11.4 19.4 20.7 .. .. .. .. 0.5 0.6 0.6Angola .. 83.7 103.1 38.6 21.0 19.4 17.8 .. 7.1 20.5 10.5 13.0 9.7 2.5Bangladesh 30.8 41.3 33.4 31.4 33.2 31.9 29.7 16.3 26.9 10.4 7.7 5.5 6.9 6.1Benin 81.6 70.0 70.6 43.0 17.2 15.5 14.8 16.6 12.3 17.5 10.0 14.8 7.5 9.5Bhutan 5.3 29.7 47.6 80.7 81.7 64.8 55.6 0.1 6.2 5.0 2.4 2.4 5.2 11.5Burkina Faso 33.0 26.8 54.5 36.7 19.5 21.5 20.9 16.1 8.3 15.9 7.5 7.1 .. ..Burundi 39.6 80.1 156.3 166.1 153.6 148.6 123.6 16.7 44.6 25.3 43.0 39.2 .. ..Cambodia 0.8 131.4 71.9 55.9 48.5 43.6 40.7 .. 42.3 1.0 0.5 0.6 0.5 ..Central African Republic 39.7 47.0 89.4 74.2 67.2 55.3 47.8 6.5 7.5 6.2 0.3 30.5 24.8 12.4Chad 21.0 29.6 78.8 29.9 28.0 25.6 20.9 10.1 2.7 9.5 1.2 1.2 1.5 2.7Comoros 117.2 75.1 117.2 75.2 73.4 62.6 53.1 9.7 2.7 5.9 8.0 7.4 46.1 18.1Dem. Rep. of the Congo 85.9 109.7 271.6 149.2 131.6 123.9 104.5 15.2 5.0 0.0 8.5 11.9 17.3 18.2Djibouti 28.1 34.3 46.8 57.4 58.8 77.5 69.7 .. 4.5 5.5 5.1 6.3 4.1 ..Equatorial Guinea .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Eritrea .. .. 47.3 61.9 61.3 62.6 58.2 .. .. 3.1 29.8 14.7 6.7 ..Ethiopiad 55.4 71.6 67.2 50.4 15.0 13.7 11.1 20.1 29.9 12.5 4.6 7.8 5.4 3.7Gambia 108.6 116.5 114.8 145.2 143.2 111.6 55.1 0.9 16.0 9.2 13.7 13.1 14.6 9.8Guinea 9.4 92.9 98.5 98.6 108.0 74.7 81.4 1.4 17.9 18.1 13.8 13.3 11.7 9.8Guinea-Bissau 222.0 284.7 439.7 345.9 346.1 303.6 251.9 34.7 23.7 6.1 3.1 20.1 11.9 10.7Haiti 34.3 32.6 32.0 31.9 30.8 26.5 30.2 .. .. 7.1 8.5 7.3 6.8 5.3Kiribati .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Lao People's Dem. Rep. 26.1 204.0 144.2 104.4 95.9 102.4 90.3 4.9 8.5 6.2 14.0 13.2 12.2 11.1Lesotho 60.5 68.6 85.8 48.1 42.8 40.6 42.0 43.9 23.3 22.0 11.2 5.9 10.8 4.2Liberia 133.7 534.8 502.8 740.8 676.9 502.3 413.5 4.0 .. 0.0 0.0 0.0 301.2 31.2Madagascar 88.2 119.7 121.0 69.3 27.0 23.2 22.0 26.8 30.2 8.6 4.9 4.1 0.8 0.8Malawi 90.2 82.8 155.1 111.5 27.6 23.3 22.5 27.9 23.0 11.3 10.7 11.2 4.0 3.4Maldives 65.3 36.2 33.0 52.0 52.9 54.7 78.3 9.3 4.0 3.3 6.9 4.3 4.9 5.2Mali 110.8 101.9 123.0 60.7 28.0 27.8 25.1 15.6 10.3 10.4 5.8 4.8 3.6 ..Mauritania 212.8 207.3 219.9 125.7 60.8 64.3 55.4 18.5 25.3 13.1 7.9 4.6 7.6 ..Mozambique 64.4 188.8 170.6 67.9 41.3 37.5 34.8 44.4 31.6 11.3 3.0 1.6 1.0 1.2Myanmar 46.4 90.6 81.5 55.8 49.4 42.9 27.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Nepal 22.5 44.8 52.2 39.1 37.4 35.0 29.2 4.4 13.6 7.4 9.7 11.0 10.7 10.5Niger 85.2 71.0 95.2 60.8 23.8 22.8 18.0 31.9 18.9 7.0 6.8 .. .. ..Rwanda 21.2 27.4 73.3 63.5 14.8 17.1 15.2 7.1 9.5 13.9 7.9 11.1 5.2 2.9Samoa 88.2 81.9 63.6 43.0 46.6 47.6 44.4 .. .. 7.1 5.3 6.3 7.6 7.5Sao Tome and Principe 75.2 124.9 404.3 303.0 288.9 119.4 102.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Senegal 86.4 65.7 77.2 44.5 20.5 22.9 21.6 12.5 15.5 14.1 7.1 7.9 5.9 5.3Sierra Leone 82.6 181.1 187.1 124.2 89.0 18.8 19.9 12.0 11.2 16.1 4.7 7.8 2.8 1.7Solomon Islands 28.2 39.8 35.7 40.2 38.0 30.1 25.5 3.4 11.1 8.6 9.9 2.5 .. ..Somalia 187.0 258.5 123.7 118.8 112.1 109.7 110.8 9.1 7.5 .. .. .. .. ..Sudan 71.9 119.0 129.5 63.5 50.1 41.1 33.8 12.5 4.7 9.8 7.2 4.9 3.3 2.3Timor-Leste .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Togo 122.7 78.6 107.6 79.9 80.9 79.2 54.3 24.4 11.0 3.6 1.0 1.9 0.6 ..Tuvalu .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..Uganda 35.2 60.5 56.5 49.1 12.7 13.5 15.6 11.6 26.9 7.1 10.3 7.1 3.1 3.0United Rep. of Tanzania 99.7 151.4 78.6 58.9 28.1 29.6 28.6 .. 25.4 9.5 2.5 3.2 .. ..Vanuatu 12.7 24.1 26.5 20.2 18.5 17.3 22.3 0.9 2.3 1.4 1.0 1.7 1.4 1.3Yemen 63.4 131.6 54.3 32.5 29.6 28.1 23.2 .. 15.7 3.2 .. .. .. ..Zambia 199.2 210.0 176.7 75.1 21.3 23.9 20.3 10.5 14.5 20.2 7.8 3.6 2.2 2.9LDCs 57.0 85.9 82.5 54.3 38.1 34.9 30.0 8.1e 12.3 10.2 6.1 6.6 5.9 2.8LDCs: Africa and Haiti 66.3 97.4 111.0 63.7 38.9 34.6 29.5 9.5 13.1 13.4 7.1 8.2 7.2 3.0LDCs: Asia 36.2 62.2 46.6 38.6 36.3 35.2 30.5 13.1 22.1 6.7 5.7 4.7 5.5 6.5LDCs: Islands 57.0 57.5 61.1 58.5 57.4 47.0 46.6 5.4 5.2 4.1 6.1 4.0 6.4 5.4Source: UNCTAD secretariat calculations, based on World Bank, World Development Indicators 2010, and Global Development Finance 2010, online, October

2010.Note: a External debt cover both long-term and short -term debt as well as use of IMF credit. LDC aggregates exclude missing data Equatorial Guinea, Kiribati,

Sao tome, Myanmar, Timor Leste, Tuvalu; Afghanistan from 1985 to 2005 and Angola in 1985. b Debt service cover long term debt only. c Exports of good and services (including non-factor services). d Ethiopia include Eritrae up to 1990. e LDC aggregates exclude missing data (no estimates made).

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