60
Leadership Styles By: Bob Baes
Leadership Styles
By Bob Baes
WHO COULD BE A LEADER
Or You can be
The word leadership can refer to
bull The process of leading bull Those entities that
perform one or more acts of leading
bull The ability to affect human behavior so as to accomplish a mission designated by the leader
Wikipidea
LEADERSHIPLEADERSHIP
bull It is the process of encouraging amp helping others to work enthusiastically towards objectives
bull It is the relationship in which one person (the leader) influences others to work together willingly on related tasks to attain goals desired by the leader amp or group
bull The leader has responsibility for the followers
bull Leaders have a responsibility towards society and those who are disadvantaged
bull People who want to help others best do this by leading them
Leadership Styles
Autocratic Leadership Style
bull The classical approachbull Manager retains as much power
and decision making authority as possible
bull Does not consult staff nor allowed to give any input
bull Staff expected to obey orders without receiving any explanations
bull Structured set of rewards and punishments
bull Greatly criticized during the past 30 years
bull bull Gen X staff highly resistant
bull bull Autocratic leadersbull bull Rely on threats and
punishment to influencestaffbull bull Do not trust staffbull bull Do not allow for
employee input
Not all bad
bull Sometimes the most effective style to usebull When bull New untrained staff do not know which tasks to
perform or which procedures to followbull Effective supervision provided only through detailed
orders and instructions bull Staff do not respond to any other leadership stylebull 1048713 Limited time in which to make a decisionbull 1048713 A managerrsquos power challenged by staffbull 1048713 Work needs to be coordinated with another department or organization
Should not be usedbull bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff become tense fearful or
resentfulbull 1048713 Staff expect their opinions heardbull 1048713 Staff depend on their manager to
make all their decisionsbull 1048713 Low staff morale high turnover and
absenteeism and work stoppage
Bureaucratic
bull Manages ldquoby the bookuml
bull Everything done according to procedure or policy
bull If not covered by the book referred to the next level above
bull A police officer not a leader
bull Enforces the rules
Most effective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff performing routine tasks over
and overbull 1048713 Staff need to understand certain
standards or proceduresbull 1048713 Safety or security training
conductedbull 1048713 Staff performing tasks that require
handling cash
Ineffective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Work habits form that are hard to
break especially if they are no longer useful
bull 1048713 Staff lose their interest in their jobs and in their co-workers
bull 1048713 Staff do only what is expected of them and no more
Democratic Leadership Style
bull bull Also known as participative style
bull bull Encourages staff to be a part of the decision making
bull bull Keeps staff informed about everything that affects their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities
Democratic
bull Encourages decision making from different perspectives ndash leadership may be emphasised throughout the organizationndash Consultative process of consultation
before decisions are takenndash Persuasive Leader takes decision and
seeks to persuade others that the decision is correct
The Leader
bull A coach who has the final say but gathers information from staff before making a decision
bull Produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
bull Staff like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation team spirit and high morale
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
WHO COULD BE A LEADER
Or You can be
The word leadership can refer to
bull The process of leading bull Those entities that
perform one or more acts of leading
bull The ability to affect human behavior so as to accomplish a mission designated by the leader
Wikipidea
LEADERSHIPLEADERSHIP
bull It is the process of encouraging amp helping others to work enthusiastically towards objectives
bull It is the relationship in which one person (the leader) influences others to work together willingly on related tasks to attain goals desired by the leader amp or group
bull The leader has responsibility for the followers
bull Leaders have a responsibility towards society and those who are disadvantaged
bull People who want to help others best do this by leading them
Leadership Styles
Autocratic Leadership Style
bull The classical approachbull Manager retains as much power
and decision making authority as possible
bull Does not consult staff nor allowed to give any input
bull Staff expected to obey orders without receiving any explanations
bull Structured set of rewards and punishments
bull Greatly criticized during the past 30 years
bull bull Gen X staff highly resistant
bull bull Autocratic leadersbull bull Rely on threats and
punishment to influencestaffbull bull Do not trust staffbull bull Do not allow for
employee input
Not all bad
bull Sometimes the most effective style to usebull When bull New untrained staff do not know which tasks to
perform or which procedures to followbull Effective supervision provided only through detailed
orders and instructions bull Staff do not respond to any other leadership stylebull 1048713 Limited time in which to make a decisionbull 1048713 A managerrsquos power challenged by staffbull 1048713 Work needs to be coordinated with another department or organization
Should not be usedbull bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff become tense fearful or
resentfulbull 1048713 Staff expect their opinions heardbull 1048713 Staff depend on their manager to
make all their decisionsbull 1048713 Low staff morale high turnover and
absenteeism and work stoppage
Bureaucratic
bull Manages ldquoby the bookuml
bull Everything done according to procedure or policy
bull If not covered by the book referred to the next level above
bull A police officer not a leader
bull Enforces the rules
Most effective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff performing routine tasks over
and overbull 1048713 Staff need to understand certain
standards or proceduresbull 1048713 Safety or security training
conductedbull 1048713 Staff performing tasks that require
handling cash
Ineffective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Work habits form that are hard to
break especially if they are no longer useful
bull 1048713 Staff lose their interest in their jobs and in their co-workers
bull 1048713 Staff do only what is expected of them and no more
Democratic Leadership Style
bull bull Also known as participative style
bull bull Encourages staff to be a part of the decision making
bull bull Keeps staff informed about everything that affects their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities
Democratic
bull Encourages decision making from different perspectives ndash leadership may be emphasised throughout the organizationndash Consultative process of consultation
before decisions are takenndash Persuasive Leader takes decision and
seeks to persuade others that the decision is correct
The Leader
bull A coach who has the final say but gathers information from staff before making a decision
bull Produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
bull Staff like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation team spirit and high morale
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Or You can be
The word leadership can refer to
bull The process of leading bull Those entities that
perform one or more acts of leading
bull The ability to affect human behavior so as to accomplish a mission designated by the leader
Wikipidea
LEADERSHIPLEADERSHIP
bull It is the process of encouraging amp helping others to work enthusiastically towards objectives
bull It is the relationship in which one person (the leader) influences others to work together willingly on related tasks to attain goals desired by the leader amp or group
bull The leader has responsibility for the followers
bull Leaders have a responsibility towards society and those who are disadvantaged
bull People who want to help others best do this by leading them
Leadership Styles
Autocratic Leadership Style
bull The classical approachbull Manager retains as much power
and decision making authority as possible
bull Does not consult staff nor allowed to give any input
bull Staff expected to obey orders without receiving any explanations
bull Structured set of rewards and punishments
bull Greatly criticized during the past 30 years
bull bull Gen X staff highly resistant
bull bull Autocratic leadersbull bull Rely on threats and
punishment to influencestaffbull bull Do not trust staffbull bull Do not allow for
employee input
Not all bad
bull Sometimes the most effective style to usebull When bull New untrained staff do not know which tasks to
perform or which procedures to followbull Effective supervision provided only through detailed
orders and instructions bull Staff do not respond to any other leadership stylebull 1048713 Limited time in which to make a decisionbull 1048713 A managerrsquos power challenged by staffbull 1048713 Work needs to be coordinated with another department or organization
Should not be usedbull bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff become tense fearful or
resentfulbull 1048713 Staff expect their opinions heardbull 1048713 Staff depend on their manager to
make all their decisionsbull 1048713 Low staff morale high turnover and
absenteeism and work stoppage
Bureaucratic
bull Manages ldquoby the bookuml
bull Everything done according to procedure or policy
bull If not covered by the book referred to the next level above
bull A police officer not a leader
bull Enforces the rules
Most effective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff performing routine tasks over
and overbull 1048713 Staff need to understand certain
standards or proceduresbull 1048713 Safety or security training
conductedbull 1048713 Staff performing tasks that require
handling cash
Ineffective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Work habits form that are hard to
break especially if they are no longer useful
bull 1048713 Staff lose their interest in their jobs and in their co-workers
bull 1048713 Staff do only what is expected of them and no more
Democratic Leadership Style
bull bull Also known as participative style
bull bull Encourages staff to be a part of the decision making
bull bull Keeps staff informed about everything that affects their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities
Democratic
bull Encourages decision making from different perspectives ndash leadership may be emphasised throughout the organizationndash Consultative process of consultation
before decisions are takenndash Persuasive Leader takes decision and
seeks to persuade others that the decision is correct
The Leader
bull A coach who has the final say but gathers information from staff before making a decision
bull Produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
bull Staff like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation team spirit and high morale
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
The word leadership can refer to
bull The process of leading bull Those entities that
perform one or more acts of leading
bull The ability to affect human behavior so as to accomplish a mission designated by the leader
Wikipidea
LEADERSHIPLEADERSHIP
bull It is the process of encouraging amp helping others to work enthusiastically towards objectives
bull It is the relationship in which one person (the leader) influences others to work together willingly on related tasks to attain goals desired by the leader amp or group
bull The leader has responsibility for the followers
bull Leaders have a responsibility towards society and those who are disadvantaged
bull People who want to help others best do this by leading them
Leadership Styles
Autocratic Leadership Style
bull The classical approachbull Manager retains as much power
and decision making authority as possible
bull Does not consult staff nor allowed to give any input
bull Staff expected to obey orders without receiving any explanations
bull Structured set of rewards and punishments
bull Greatly criticized during the past 30 years
bull bull Gen X staff highly resistant
bull bull Autocratic leadersbull bull Rely on threats and
punishment to influencestaffbull bull Do not trust staffbull bull Do not allow for
employee input
Not all bad
bull Sometimes the most effective style to usebull When bull New untrained staff do not know which tasks to
perform or which procedures to followbull Effective supervision provided only through detailed
orders and instructions bull Staff do not respond to any other leadership stylebull 1048713 Limited time in which to make a decisionbull 1048713 A managerrsquos power challenged by staffbull 1048713 Work needs to be coordinated with another department or organization
Should not be usedbull bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff become tense fearful or
resentfulbull 1048713 Staff expect their opinions heardbull 1048713 Staff depend on their manager to
make all their decisionsbull 1048713 Low staff morale high turnover and
absenteeism and work stoppage
Bureaucratic
bull Manages ldquoby the bookuml
bull Everything done according to procedure or policy
bull If not covered by the book referred to the next level above
bull A police officer not a leader
bull Enforces the rules
Most effective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff performing routine tasks over
and overbull 1048713 Staff need to understand certain
standards or proceduresbull 1048713 Safety or security training
conductedbull 1048713 Staff performing tasks that require
handling cash
Ineffective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Work habits form that are hard to
break especially if they are no longer useful
bull 1048713 Staff lose their interest in their jobs and in their co-workers
bull 1048713 Staff do only what is expected of them and no more
Democratic Leadership Style
bull bull Also known as participative style
bull bull Encourages staff to be a part of the decision making
bull bull Keeps staff informed about everything that affects their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities
Democratic
bull Encourages decision making from different perspectives ndash leadership may be emphasised throughout the organizationndash Consultative process of consultation
before decisions are takenndash Persuasive Leader takes decision and
seeks to persuade others that the decision is correct
The Leader
bull A coach who has the final say but gathers information from staff before making a decision
bull Produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
bull Staff like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation team spirit and high morale
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
LEADERSHIPLEADERSHIP
bull It is the process of encouraging amp helping others to work enthusiastically towards objectives
bull It is the relationship in which one person (the leader) influences others to work together willingly on related tasks to attain goals desired by the leader amp or group
bull The leader has responsibility for the followers
bull Leaders have a responsibility towards society and those who are disadvantaged
bull People who want to help others best do this by leading them
Leadership Styles
Autocratic Leadership Style
bull The classical approachbull Manager retains as much power
and decision making authority as possible
bull Does not consult staff nor allowed to give any input
bull Staff expected to obey orders without receiving any explanations
bull Structured set of rewards and punishments
bull Greatly criticized during the past 30 years
bull bull Gen X staff highly resistant
bull bull Autocratic leadersbull bull Rely on threats and
punishment to influencestaffbull bull Do not trust staffbull bull Do not allow for
employee input
Not all bad
bull Sometimes the most effective style to usebull When bull New untrained staff do not know which tasks to
perform or which procedures to followbull Effective supervision provided only through detailed
orders and instructions bull Staff do not respond to any other leadership stylebull 1048713 Limited time in which to make a decisionbull 1048713 A managerrsquos power challenged by staffbull 1048713 Work needs to be coordinated with another department or organization
Should not be usedbull bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff become tense fearful or
resentfulbull 1048713 Staff expect their opinions heardbull 1048713 Staff depend on their manager to
make all their decisionsbull 1048713 Low staff morale high turnover and
absenteeism and work stoppage
Bureaucratic
bull Manages ldquoby the bookuml
bull Everything done according to procedure or policy
bull If not covered by the book referred to the next level above
bull A police officer not a leader
bull Enforces the rules
Most effective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff performing routine tasks over
and overbull 1048713 Staff need to understand certain
standards or proceduresbull 1048713 Safety or security training
conductedbull 1048713 Staff performing tasks that require
handling cash
Ineffective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Work habits form that are hard to
break especially if they are no longer useful
bull 1048713 Staff lose their interest in their jobs and in their co-workers
bull 1048713 Staff do only what is expected of them and no more
Democratic Leadership Style
bull bull Also known as participative style
bull bull Encourages staff to be a part of the decision making
bull bull Keeps staff informed about everything that affects their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities
Democratic
bull Encourages decision making from different perspectives ndash leadership may be emphasised throughout the organizationndash Consultative process of consultation
before decisions are takenndash Persuasive Leader takes decision and
seeks to persuade others that the decision is correct
The Leader
bull A coach who has the final say but gathers information from staff before making a decision
bull Produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
bull Staff like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation team spirit and high morale
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
bull The leader has responsibility for the followers
bull Leaders have a responsibility towards society and those who are disadvantaged
bull People who want to help others best do this by leading them
Leadership Styles
Autocratic Leadership Style
bull The classical approachbull Manager retains as much power
and decision making authority as possible
bull Does not consult staff nor allowed to give any input
bull Staff expected to obey orders without receiving any explanations
bull Structured set of rewards and punishments
bull Greatly criticized during the past 30 years
bull bull Gen X staff highly resistant
bull bull Autocratic leadersbull bull Rely on threats and
punishment to influencestaffbull bull Do not trust staffbull bull Do not allow for
employee input
Not all bad
bull Sometimes the most effective style to usebull When bull New untrained staff do not know which tasks to
perform or which procedures to followbull Effective supervision provided only through detailed
orders and instructions bull Staff do not respond to any other leadership stylebull 1048713 Limited time in which to make a decisionbull 1048713 A managerrsquos power challenged by staffbull 1048713 Work needs to be coordinated with another department or organization
Should not be usedbull bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff become tense fearful or
resentfulbull 1048713 Staff expect their opinions heardbull 1048713 Staff depend on their manager to
make all their decisionsbull 1048713 Low staff morale high turnover and
absenteeism and work stoppage
Bureaucratic
bull Manages ldquoby the bookuml
bull Everything done according to procedure or policy
bull If not covered by the book referred to the next level above
bull A police officer not a leader
bull Enforces the rules
Most effective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff performing routine tasks over
and overbull 1048713 Staff need to understand certain
standards or proceduresbull 1048713 Safety or security training
conductedbull 1048713 Staff performing tasks that require
handling cash
Ineffective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Work habits form that are hard to
break especially if they are no longer useful
bull 1048713 Staff lose their interest in their jobs and in their co-workers
bull 1048713 Staff do only what is expected of them and no more
Democratic Leadership Style
bull bull Also known as participative style
bull bull Encourages staff to be a part of the decision making
bull bull Keeps staff informed about everything that affects their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities
Democratic
bull Encourages decision making from different perspectives ndash leadership may be emphasised throughout the organizationndash Consultative process of consultation
before decisions are takenndash Persuasive Leader takes decision and
seeks to persuade others that the decision is correct
The Leader
bull A coach who has the final say but gathers information from staff before making a decision
bull Produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
bull Staff like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation team spirit and high morale
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Leadership Styles
Autocratic Leadership Style
bull The classical approachbull Manager retains as much power
and decision making authority as possible
bull Does not consult staff nor allowed to give any input
bull Staff expected to obey orders without receiving any explanations
bull Structured set of rewards and punishments
bull Greatly criticized during the past 30 years
bull bull Gen X staff highly resistant
bull bull Autocratic leadersbull bull Rely on threats and
punishment to influencestaffbull bull Do not trust staffbull bull Do not allow for
employee input
Not all bad
bull Sometimes the most effective style to usebull When bull New untrained staff do not know which tasks to
perform or which procedures to followbull Effective supervision provided only through detailed
orders and instructions bull Staff do not respond to any other leadership stylebull 1048713 Limited time in which to make a decisionbull 1048713 A managerrsquos power challenged by staffbull 1048713 Work needs to be coordinated with another department or organization
Should not be usedbull bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff become tense fearful or
resentfulbull 1048713 Staff expect their opinions heardbull 1048713 Staff depend on their manager to
make all their decisionsbull 1048713 Low staff morale high turnover and
absenteeism and work stoppage
Bureaucratic
bull Manages ldquoby the bookuml
bull Everything done according to procedure or policy
bull If not covered by the book referred to the next level above
bull A police officer not a leader
bull Enforces the rules
Most effective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff performing routine tasks over
and overbull 1048713 Staff need to understand certain
standards or proceduresbull 1048713 Safety or security training
conductedbull 1048713 Staff performing tasks that require
handling cash
Ineffective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Work habits form that are hard to
break especially if they are no longer useful
bull 1048713 Staff lose their interest in their jobs and in their co-workers
bull 1048713 Staff do only what is expected of them and no more
Democratic Leadership Style
bull bull Also known as participative style
bull bull Encourages staff to be a part of the decision making
bull bull Keeps staff informed about everything that affects their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities
Democratic
bull Encourages decision making from different perspectives ndash leadership may be emphasised throughout the organizationndash Consultative process of consultation
before decisions are takenndash Persuasive Leader takes decision and
seeks to persuade others that the decision is correct
The Leader
bull A coach who has the final say but gathers information from staff before making a decision
bull Produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
bull Staff like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation team spirit and high morale
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Autocratic Leadership Style
bull The classical approachbull Manager retains as much power
and decision making authority as possible
bull Does not consult staff nor allowed to give any input
bull Staff expected to obey orders without receiving any explanations
bull Structured set of rewards and punishments
bull Greatly criticized during the past 30 years
bull bull Gen X staff highly resistant
bull bull Autocratic leadersbull bull Rely on threats and
punishment to influencestaffbull bull Do not trust staffbull bull Do not allow for
employee input
Not all bad
bull Sometimes the most effective style to usebull When bull New untrained staff do not know which tasks to
perform or which procedures to followbull Effective supervision provided only through detailed
orders and instructions bull Staff do not respond to any other leadership stylebull 1048713 Limited time in which to make a decisionbull 1048713 A managerrsquos power challenged by staffbull 1048713 Work needs to be coordinated with another department or organization
Should not be usedbull bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff become tense fearful or
resentfulbull 1048713 Staff expect their opinions heardbull 1048713 Staff depend on their manager to
make all their decisionsbull 1048713 Low staff morale high turnover and
absenteeism and work stoppage
Bureaucratic
bull Manages ldquoby the bookuml
bull Everything done according to procedure or policy
bull If not covered by the book referred to the next level above
bull A police officer not a leader
bull Enforces the rules
Most effective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff performing routine tasks over
and overbull 1048713 Staff need to understand certain
standards or proceduresbull 1048713 Safety or security training
conductedbull 1048713 Staff performing tasks that require
handling cash
Ineffective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Work habits form that are hard to
break especially if they are no longer useful
bull 1048713 Staff lose their interest in their jobs and in their co-workers
bull 1048713 Staff do only what is expected of them and no more
Democratic Leadership Style
bull bull Also known as participative style
bull bull Encourages staff to be a part of the decision making
bull bull Keeps staff informed about everything that affects their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities
Democratic
bull Encourages decision making from different perspectives ndash leadership may be emphasised throughout the organizationndash Consultative process of consultation
before decisions are takenndash Persuasive Leader takes decision and
seeks to persuade others that the decision is correct
The Leader
bull A coach who has the final say but gathers information from staff before making a decision
bull Produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
bull Staff like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation team spirit and high morale
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
bull Greatly criticized during the past 30 years
bull bull Gen X staff highly resistant
bull bull Autocratic leadersbull bull Rely on threats and
punishment to influencestaffbull bull Do not trust staffbull bull Do not allow for
employee input
Not all bad
bull Sometimes the most effective style to usebull When bull New untrained staff do not know which tasks to
perform or which procedures to followbull Effective supervision provided only through detailed
orders and instructions bull Staff do not respond to any other leadership stylebull 1048713 Limited time in which to make a decisionbull 1048713 A managerrsquos power challenged by staffbull 1048713 Work needs to be coordinated with another department or organization
Should not be usedbull bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff become tense fearful or
resentfulbull 1048713 Staff expect their opinions heardbull 1048713 Staff depend on their manager to
make all their decisionsbull 1048713 Low staff morale high turnover and
absenteeism and work stoppage
Bureaucratic
bull Manages ldquoby the bookuml
bull Everything done according to procedure or policy
bull If not covered by the book referred to the next level above
bull A police officer not a leader
bull Enforces the rules
Most effective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff performing routine tasks over
and overbull 1048713 Staff need to understand certain
standards or proceduresbull 1048713 Safety or security training
conductedbull 1048713 Staff performing tasks that require
handling cash
Ineffective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Work habits form that are hard to
break especially if they are no longer useful
bull 1048713 Staff lose their interest in their jobs and in their co-workers
bull 1048713 Staff do only what is expected of them and no more
Democratic Leadership Style
bull bull Also known as participative style
bull bull Encourages staff to be a part of the decision making
bull bull Keeps staff informed about everything that affects their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities
Democratic
bull Encourages decision making from different perspectives ndash leadership may be emphasised throughout the organizationndash Consultative process of consultation
before decisions are takenndash Persuasive Leader takes decision and
seeks to persuade others that the decision is correct
The Leader
bull A coach who has the final say but gathers information from staff before making a decision
bull Produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
bull Staff like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation team spirit and high morale
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Not all bad
bull Sometimes the most effective style to usebull When bull New untrained staff do not know which tasks to
perform or which procedures to followbull Effective supervision provided only through detailed
orders and instructions bull Staff do not respond to any other leadership stylebull 1048713 Limited time in which to make a decisionbull 1048713 A managerrsquos power challenged by staffbull 1048713 Work needs to be coordinated with another department or organization
Should not be usedbull bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff become tense fearful or
resentfulbull 1048713 Staff expect their opinions heardbull 1048713 Staff depend on their manager to
make all their decisionsbull 1048713 Low staff morale high turnover and
absenteeism and work stoppage
Bureaucratic
bull Manages ldquoby the bookuml
bull Everything done according to procedure or policy
bull If not covered by the book referred to the next level above
bull A police officer not a leader
bull Enforces the rules
Most effective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff performing routine tasks over
and overbull 1048713 Staff need to understand certain
standards or proceduresbull 1048713 Safety or security training
conductedbull 1048713 Staff performing tasks that require
handling cash
Ineffective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Work habits form that are hard to
break especially if they are no longer useful
bull 1048713 Staff lose their interest in their jobs and in their co-workers
bull 1048713 Staff do only what is expected of them and no more
Democratic Leadership Style
bull bull Also known as participative style
bull bull Encourages staff to be a part of the decision making
bull bull Keeps staff informed about everything that affects their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities
Democratic
bull Encourages decision making from different perspectives ndash leadership may be emphasised throughout the organizationndash Consultative process of consultation
before decisions are takenndash Persuasive Leader takes decision and
seeks to persuade others that the decision is correct
The Leader
bull A coach who has the final say but gathers information from staff before making a decision
bull Produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
bull Staff like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation team spirit and high morale
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Should not be usedbull bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff become tense fearful or
resentfulbull 1048713 Staff expect their opinions heardbull 1048713 Staff depend on their manager to
make all their decisionsbull 1048713 Low staff morale high turnover and
absenteeism and work stoppage
Bureaucratic
bull Manages ldquoby the bookuml
bull Everything done according to procedure or policy
bull If not covered by the book referred to the next level above
bull A police officer not a leader
bull Enforces the rules
Most effective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff performing routine tasks over
and overbull 1048713 Staff need to understand certain
standards or proceduresbull 1048713 Safety or security training
conductedbull 1048713 Staff performing tasks that require
handling cash
Ineffective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Work habits form that are hard to
break especially if they are no longer useful
bull 1048713 Staff lose their interest in their jobs and in their co-workers
bull 1048713 Staff do only what is expected of them and no more
Democratic Leadership Style
bull bull Also known as participative style
bull bull Encourages staff to be a part of the decision making
bull bull Keeps staff informed about everything that affects their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities
Democratic
bull Encourages decision making from different perspectives ndash leadership may be emphasised throughout the organizationndash Consultative process of consultation
before decisions are takenndash Persuasive Leader takes decision and
seeks to persuade others that the decision is correct
The Leader
bull A coach who has the final say but gathers information from staff before making a decision
bull Produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
bull Staff like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation team spirit and high morale
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Bureaucratic
bull Manages ldquoby the bookuml
bull Everything done according to procedure or policy
bull If not covered by the book referred to the next level above
bull A police officer not a leader
bull Enforces the rules
Most effective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff performing routine tasks over
and overbull 1048713 Staff need to understand certain
standards or proceduresbull 1048713 Safety or security training
conductedbull 1048713 Staff performing tasks that require
handling cash
Ineffective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Work habits form that are hard to
break especially if they are no longer useful
bull 1048713 Staff lose their interest in their jobs and in their co-workers
bull 1048713 Staff do only what is expected of them and no more
Democratic Leadership Style
bull bull Also known as participative style
bull bull Encourages staff to be a part of the decision making
bull bull Keeps staff informed about everything that affects their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities
Democratic
bull Encourages decision making from different perspectives ndash leadership may be emphasised throughout the organizationndash Consultative process of consultation
before decisions are takenndash Persuasive Leader takes decision and
seeks to persuade others that the decision is correct
The Leader
bull A coach who has the final say but gathers information from staff before making a decision
bull Produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
bull Staff like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation team spirit and high morale
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Most effective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Staff performing routine tasks over
and overbull 1048713 Staff need to understand certain
standards or proceduresbull 1048713 Safety or security training
conductedbull 1048713 Staff performing tasks that require
handling cash
Ineffective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Work habits form that are hard to
break especially if they are no longer useful
bull 1048713 Staff lose their interest in their jobs and in their co-workers
bull 1048713 Staff do only what is expected of them and no more
Democratic Leadership Style
bull bull Also known as participative style
bull bull Encourages staff to be a part of the decision making
bull bull Keeps staff informed about everything that affects their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities
Democratic
bull Encourages decision making from different perspectives ndash leadership may be emphasised throughout the organizationndash Consultative process of consultation
before decisions are takenndash Persuasive Leader takes decision and
seeks to persuade others that the decision is correct
The Leader
bull A coach who has the final say but gathers information from staff before making a decision
bull Produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
bull Staff like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation team spirit and high morale
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Ineffective
bull Whenbull 1048713 Work habits form that are hard to
break especially if they are no longer useful
bull 1048713 Staff lose their interest in their jobs and in their co-workers
bull 1048713 Staff do only what is expected of them and no more
Democratic Leadership Style
bull bull Also known as participative style
bull bull Encourages staff to be a part of the decision making
bull bull Keeps staff informed about everything that affects their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities
Democratic
bull Encourages decision making from different perspectives ndash leadership may be emphasised throughout the organizationndash Consultative process of consultation
before decisions are takenndash Persuasive Leader takes decision and
seeks to persuade others that the decision is correct
The Leader
bull A coach who has the final say but gathers information from staff before making a decision
bull Produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
bull Staff like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation team spirit and high morale
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Democratic Leadership Style
bull bull Also known as participative style
bull bull Encourages staff to be a part of the decision making
bull bull Keeps staff informed about everything that affects their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities
Democratic
bull Encourages decision making from different perspectives ndash leadership may be emphasised throughout the organizationndash Consultative process of consultation
before decisions are takenndash Persuasive Leader takes decision and
seeks to persuade others that the decision is correct
The Leader
bull A coach who has the final say but gathers information from staff before making a decision
bull Produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
bull Staff like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation team spirit and high morale
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Democratic
bull Encourages decision making from different perspectives ndash leadership may be emphasised throughout the organizationndash Consultative process of consultation
before decisions are takenndash Persuasive Leader takes decision and
seeks to persuade others that the decision is correct
The Leader
bull A coach who has the final say but gathers information from staff before making a decision
bull Produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
bull Staff like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation team spirit and high morale
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
The Leader
bull A coach who has the final say but gathers information from staff before making a decision
bull Produce high quality and high quantity work for long periods of time
bull Staff like the trust they receive and respond with cooperation team spirit and high morale
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
The Democratic Leader
bull Develops plans to help staff evaluate their own performance
bull Allows staff to establish goals
bull Encourages staff to grow on the job and be promoted
bull Recognizes and encourages achievement
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Most Effectivebull Whenbull Wants to keep staff informed about matters that
affect thembull Wants staff to share in decision-making and
problem-solving dutiesbull Wants to provide opportunities for staff to develop
a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction
bull A large or complex problem that requires lots of input to solve
bull Changes must be made or problems solved that affect staff
bull Want to encourage team building and participation
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Democratic leadershipshould not be used when hellip
bull Not enough time to get everyonersquos input
bull Easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision
bull Canrsquot afford mistakesbull Manager feels threatened by this type
of leadershipbull Staff safety is a critical concern
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Laissez-Faire
bull Also known as the ldquohands-offuml style
bull The manager provides little or no direction and gives staff as much freedom as possible
bull All authority or power given to the staff and they determine goals make decisions and resolve problems on their own
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
An effective style to use hellip
bull Staff highly skilled experienced and educated
bull Staff have pride in their work and the drive to do it successfully on their own
bull Outside experts such as staff specialists or consultants used
bull Staff trustworthy and experienced
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Should not be used
bull Staff feel insecure at the unavailability of a manager
bull The manager cannot provide regular feedback to staff on how well they are doing
bull Managers unable to thank staff for their good work
bull The manager doesnrsquot understand his or her responsibilities and hoping the staff cover for him or her
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Varying Leadership Style bull While the proper leadership style depends on the situation
there are three other factors that also influence which leadership style to use
bull 1 The managerrsquos personal background What personality knowledge values ethics and experiences does the manager have What does he or she think will work
bull 2 The employees being supervised Employees are individuals with different personalities and backgrounds The leadership style managers use will vary depending upon the individual employee and what he or she will respond best to
bull 3 The company The traditions values philosophy and concerns of the company will influence how a manager
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
EXAMPLE
(A good leader uses all styles depending on what forces are
involved between the followers the leader and the
situation)
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
bull Using an authoritarian style on a new employee who is just learning the job The leader is competent and a good coach The employee is motivated to learn a new skill The situation is a new environment for the employee
bull Using a participative (DEMOCRATIC) style with a team of workers who know their job The leader knows the problem well but he wants to create a team where the employees take ownership of the project The employees know their jobs and want to become part of the team The situation allows time
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
bull Using a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than you You cannot do everything The employee needs to take ownership of her job Also the situation might call for you to be at other places doing other things
bull Using ALL Telling your employees that a procedure is not working correctly and a new one must be established (authoritarian) Asking for their ideas and input on creating a new procedure (participative) Delegating tasks in order to implement the new procedure (delegative)
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
JOURNALING ACTIVITY
bull ldquoCase Analysis of a Nurse Leader or Managerrdquo
bull Identify a nurse you consider as a Leader or Manager and describe briefly the personrsquos rolejobposition and why you selected himher
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Journal I
bull What leadership style is used by the nurse
bull What Filipino style of leadership is evident in the person
bull What power is used by the person as a Leader or Manager
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
SERVANT LEADERSHIP
bull Life and leadership in the service of the Lord
bull Nurse leaders should use their gifts from God according to the grace given to them
bull They should talk of Godrsquos message if they are gifted with the talent to speak in proportion to their faith if to serve they should serve if to teach they should teach if to encourage other people they should do so
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
bull They should share with others generously if they have the authority they should work hard and they should show acts of mercy with cheerfulness
bull In nursing is selfless commitment and devotion to duty
bull It recognizes the necessity of providing holistic care to patient ndash physically and spiritually
bull Nurse leaders are duty-bound in the promotion of spiritual environment for their patients
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Servant Leadership
bull A practical philosophy focusing on people who choose to serve first and then lead as a way of expanding service
bull Servant leaders are servants first with the object of making sure that other peoples highest priority needs are being served
bull Leaders put the needs of their followers first these leaders rare in business
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
CASAGRA TRANSFORMATIVE LEADERSHIP THEORY
bull The term ldquoCASAGRA Transformative Leadershiprdquo is a psycho-spiritual model and coined after the name of the investigator This consists of the three Srsquos namely Servant-leader spirituality Self-mastery and Special expertise in nursing
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
The TransformationalLeadership
bull Make change happen inbull Selfbull Othersbull Groups andbull Organizationsbull Charisma a special leadership
style commonly associated with transformational leadership extremely powerful extremely hard to teach
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Filipino Styles of Leadership
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Types of Types of Leadership StyleLeadership Style
bull Leader acts as a lsquofather figurersquobull Paternalistic leader makes
decision but may consultbull Believes in the need to support
staff
Paternalistic style
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Leadership styles
bull Clear about what he is doing and why he is doing it
bull Instills the same clarity in his followers
bull Determines the end and leaves the choice of means to his people
Authoritative Style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Leadership stylehellip
bull Keeps employees happy amp in harmony
bull Ensures better communication
bull Relationship builder
Benevolent style
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Leadership stylehellip
bull Helps employees to identify their strengths amp weakness
bull Aligning employeesbull Encourages long term
developmentbull Issues challenging
assignments
Coaching style
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
bull Sets high standards and adheres on it
bull Passionate about increase in quality and productivity
bull You perform or leave organization is the attitude
Leadership stylehellip
Pacesetting style
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Powers
and
Authority
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Power
bull Ability to impose the will of one person or group to bring about certain behaviors in other persons or groups
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Types of Power
bull Legitimate - power through official authority from the organization
bull Referrent - power through charisma and personal characteristics
bull Reward - power through providing rewards or promise of reward to others
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
bull Expert - power through possession of special knowledge skill or ability
bull Coercive - power though fear threat or coercion
bull Connection - power from coalition of individuals working together
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Authoritybull Legitimate right to give commands
to act in the interest of an organization
bull Conferred power to perform a service
bull Authority is given and can be taken away
bull Authority is conferred as part of an exchange
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Formal and InformalAuthority
bull Formal Authority comes with various powers of the office and it is granted because the office holder promises to meet a set of explicit expectations (job descriptions legislated mandates etc)
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Importance and relevance of the position
bull SOURCES OF POSITIONAL POWER
bull Formal authoritybull Relevancebull Centralitybull Autonomybull Visibility
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
bull Informal Authority rests on trust and comes with ldquothe power to influence attitude or behavior beyond compliancerdquo
bull Trust Predictability on values and skills
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
Credibility Trust Respect Admiration
bull SOURCES OF PERSONAL POWER
bull Expertisebull Track recordbull Attractivenessbull Effort
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
As for the best leadersPeople do not notice
Their existence
The next best the people honorAnd praise
The next the people fearAnd the next the people hate
When the best leaderrsquos work is doneThe people say ldquowe did it ourselvesrdquo
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
The six most important words
I admit I made a
mistake
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
The five most important words
You did a good job
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
The four most important words
What is your opinion
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
The three most important words
If you please
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
The two most important words
Thank you
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
The one most important word
We
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
The least most important word
I
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
To lead you must first be able to follow for without
followers there can be no leaders
