Leaders and Strategies

Chapter 21, Section 2

Organization, strong commitment

Setting the Scene

Ordinary citizens battling racial injusticeNo central organization

Many groupsOwn prioritiesOwn strategiesOwn ways of operating

Laying the Groundwork

One of the oldest civil rights organizationsInterracial

Formed in 1909W.E.B DuBois

Founding member1920s and 1930s

LynchingOnly appealed to:

Educated African AmericansMiddle and Upper ClassLiberal white Americans

NAACP

Took on economic issuesFounded in 1911Helped those moving out of the SouthEducation and skills

National Urban League

Founded in 1921Congress of Racial Equality

InterracialWWIIJames Farmer

Director of COREBecame a national organization

CORE

Increased violence toward African Americans

New leaders in civil rights preached a

philosophy of nonviolence

Nonviolence

Formed in 1957

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

Advocated nonviolent protest

Shifting to the South

SCLC

Leader and symbol for civil rightsInfluenced by Gandhi

Leader in IndiaPreached nonviolence

Henry David ThoreauCivil disobedience

MLK as a teacher

Dr. King Leads the Way

Formed in 1960Student Nonviolent Coordinating CommitteeBigger voice for young African Americans

SNCC

Leader of the SNCC

More soft-spoken

SNCC became a powerful force

Robert Moses