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©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 6e©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Chapter 1
What Does it
Mean to be a
Leader?
©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Learning Objectives
• Understand the full meaning of leadership
and see the leadership potential in yourself
and others
• Recognize and facilitate the six
fundamental transformations in today’s
organizations and leaders
• Identify the primary reasons for leadership
derailment and the new paradigm skills
that can help avoid it
2
©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Learning Objectives
• Recognize the traditional functions of
management and the fundamental
differences between leadership and
management
• Appreciate the crucial importance of
providing direction, alignment,
relationships, personal qualities, and
outcomes
3
©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Learning Objectives
• Explain how leadership has evolved and
how historical approaches apply to the
practice of leadership today
4
©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Exhibit 1.1 - What Leadership
Involves
5
©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Leadership
• Influencing others to come together around
a common vision
– Multidirectional
– Noncoercive
• Reciprocal in nature
• Involves creating change
• Qualities required for effective leadership
are also needed to be an effective follower
6
©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Leadership
• Effective followers are:
– Self thinkers who do assignments with
energy and enthusiasm
• Leaders are:
• Committed to the common good rather than
self-interest
• Firm in their beliefs
7
©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Exhibit 1.2 - The New Reality
for Leaders
8
©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Management and Vision
• Attainment of organizational goals in an effective and efficient manner through:
• Planning and organizing
• Staffing and directing
• Controlling organizational resources
Management
• Picture of an ambitious, desirable future for the organization or team
Vision
9
©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Exhibit 1.3 - Comparing
Management and Leadership
10
Source: Based on John P. Kotter, A Force for Change: How Leadership Differs from Management (New York: The Free Press, 1990) and ideas in Kevin
Cashman, Lead with Energy, Leadership Excellence, (December 2010) :7; Henry Mintzberg
©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Theories of Leadership
• Leadership was conceptualized as a single Great Man who put everything together and influenced others to follow along based on the strength of inherited traits, qualities, and abilities
Great man theories
• Leaders had particular traits or characteristics that distinguished them from non-leaders and contributed to success
Trait theories
11
©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Theories of Leadership
• Leaders’ behavior correlated with leadership effectiveness or ineffectiveness
Behavior theories
• Leaders can analyze their situation and tailor their behavior to improve leadership effectiveness
• Known as situational theories
• Emphasized that leadership cannot be understood in a vacuum separate from various elements of the group or organizational situation
Contingency theories
12
©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Theories of Leadership
• Examined the influence processes between leaders and followers
• Charismatic leadership - Influence based on the qualities and personality of the leader
Influence theories
• Focused on how leaders and followers interact and influence one another
• Transformational leadership and servant leadership are two important relational theories
Relational theories
13
©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Exhibit 1.4 - Leadership
Evolution
14
©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Fatal Flaws That Cause
Derailment
15
• Failing to meet business objectives because of too much time promoting themselves and playing politics, a failure to fulfill promises, or a lack of hard work
Performance problems
• Being insensitive, manipulative, critical, and not trustworthy in relationships with peers, direct reports, customers, and others
Problems with relationships
• Not learning from feedback and mistakes to change old behaviors
• Defensive, unable to handle pressure, and unable to change management style to meet new demands
Difficulty changing
©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Fatal Flaws That Cause
Derailment
16
• Poor management of direct reports
• Inability to get work done through others
• Not identifying and hiring the right people
Difficulty building and leading a team
• Inability to work effectively or collaborate outside their current function
• Failing to see big picture when moved into general management position over several functions
Too narrow management experience
©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Exhibit 1.6 - Learning to Be a
Leader
17
Source: Based on “Guidelines for the Apprentice Leader,” in Robert J. Allio, “Masterclass: Leaders and Leadership—Many Theories, But What Advice Is Reliable?”
Strategy & Leadership 41, no. 1 (2013): 4–14.