Date post: | 15-Jul-2015 |
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Leadership & Management |
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Leading Complex Projects
Simon Harris, PMP, CGEIT, IPMA-D, P2rp, MoRrp
Intro
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2
© Logical Model Ltd 2006-2014
Licensed for individual use without fee. A commercial license ([email protected]) removes this note: Please report unlicensed commercial use & share in fees levied
Intro
12345
Simon’s Answer to Khalid’s Question on Simple versus Complex
Simple Complicated Complex ChaoticCause & Effect Deterministic
C=E & E=C
Probabilistic
Outcome set closed
C=E | E + E | … E=C|C
Pattern describable
Outcome set open
C=E+? E=?+C
No observable pattern
Dynamics Few elements & few
interactions - Linear
Many element, Few
interactions, Mostly linear
Agent interaction leads to
emergence – Non-Linear
Wicked Non-Linear in
multiple dimensions
Precedence Reliable & Valuable Marginalised Mostly dangerous Impossible to identify
Planning Goal+Deliverables =
(complete) Hi skill (C&E)
Statement of Work
Goal+Deliverables =
evolving SoW
Rolling Wave or Stages
SoO & Constraints,
Decision Architectures
Coordinate plans
Statement of Outcome
(SoO).
Hope
Known-ness All factors predicted with
certainty
All factors predicted, some
with uncertainty
Increasing number of factors that we are unable to
predict how they will be uncertain
Measurement All quantitative Quantitative hard
Qualitative Not possible
Control Style Manage Manage & Lead Lead & Enable
Pastoral Care
Hang-on & Pray
Control
(DMA)
Command
Defined (Templates, Low
skill in Exctn, Automation)
Command, monitor,
Contingencies (Plans B-Z)
(Hi Skill, Bespoke Sol’tn)
Attractors, Agents,
Inspect & Adapt C&E,
Governance Freedom
Monitoring impossible
Allow to run or
Terminate
Best for Implementation,
Manufacture
Efficient repetition
Avoided Creativity, Design, R&D
Novel solutions
¿fun?
Breakthrough
3
© Logical Model Ltd 2006-2014
Licensed for individual use without fee. A commercial license ([email protected]) removes this note: Please report unlicensed commercial use & share in fees levied
Intro
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An Idea’s Journey .
Cascade Intent &
Constraints (Tolerances)
Delegate A
uthority & C
ontrol of Resources
(Constraints aka ‘freedom
s ’)
M & V=What How: Vision
Vision=What How: Ops Str’tgy
Strategy=What How: Del’bls
Result=What Impacts
Esc
alat
e de
cisi
ons
outs
ide
auth
ority
or
skill
s: S
eek
Gui
danc
e (R
epor
t?)
Why
Technical (Eng & PM) Solution
Domain Skills eg PMBoK+Agile
(Tech, Mg & Q execution)
Project (change)
Ctl-PRINCE2® + Agile
(Eng’ring & Planning)
Dep’t & Prg’m
Options-Structure
(Architectures)
Business P’flo
OutcomesD4®
(Modus Operandi)
Ben
efits
Decision Making Architecture
4
© Logical Model Ltd 2006-2014
Licensed for individual use without fee. A commercial license ([email protected]) removes this note: Please report unlicensed commercial use & share in fees levied
Intro
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Concurrency Of Design Steps
Cascade Intent &
Constraints (Tolerances)
Delegate A
uthority & C
ontrol of Resources
(Constraints aka ‘freedom
s’)
M & V=What How: Vision
Vision=What How: Ops Str’tgy
Strategy=What How: Del’bls
Result=What Impacts
Esc
alat
e de
cisi
ons
outs
ide
auth
ority
or
skill
s: S
eek
Gui
danc
e (R
epor
t?)
Why
Technical (Eng & PM) Solution
Domain Skills eg PMBoK+Agile
(Tech, Mg & Q execution)
Project (change)
Ctl-PRINCE2® + Agile
(Eng’ring & Planning)
Dep’t & Prg’m
Options-Structure
(Architectures)
Business P’flo
OutcomesD4®
(Modus Operandi)
Ben
efits
Decision Making Architecture
5
© Logical Model Ltd 2006-2014
Licensed for individual use without fee. A commercial license ([email protected]) removes this note: Please report unlicensed commercial use & share in fees levied
Intro
12345
Decision Making Architecture
Cascade Intent &
Constraints (Tolerances)
Delegate A
uthority & C
ontrol of Resources
(Constraints aka ‘freedom
s’)
Esc
alat
e de
cisi
ons
outs
ide
auth
ority
or
skill
s: S
eek
Gui
danc
e (R
epor
t?)
Constancy of Operation
Operational ‘fluency’ in day-to-day decisions
Scripted, Within defined limits
Constancy of Purpose
Technical authority to design and modify
day-to-day operations to achieve
received targets & goals
Constancy of Business
Authority to set targets & tactical
goals aimed at vision, duty to
allocate resources,
approve actions
Constancy of Capital
Fiduciary duty to
cascade
strategic
vision
6
© Logical Model Ltd 2006-2014
Licensed for individual use without fee. A commercial license ([email protected]) removes this note: Please report unlicensed commercial use & share in fees levied
Intro
12345
Capacity To RTB Versus CTB
Cascade intent &
constraints
Delegated A
uthorities & Tolerances (freedom
s)
Esc
alat
e de
cisi
ons
outs
ide
auth
ority
Rep
ort,
See
k G
uida
nce
Trigger
† The capital available – especially human capital – sets (one of) the
constraint or limits on what the directors can do
Business as usual
Operations
View across the total portfolio of uses of capital†
Result Tasks Resources
Monitor and ReplanPlanning
Execution
Goals
What (M & V) How: Vision
Business Design
(Modus
Operandi)
Business-as-usual use of resources (RtB)
Project use of resources (CtB)Results, Impacts, Products, Deliverables
future-state-business-as-usualDelivery
Change
(Projects)
Ben
efits
7
© Logical Model Ltd 2006-2014
Licensed for individual use without fee. A commercial license ([email protected]) removes this note: Please report unlicensed commercial use & share in fees levied
Intro
12345
7
Introducing change means changing attractors Incentivise introduction of new to replace old
Incentives must be based on permanence of eventual solution…
… Avoid churn (change for change & bonus sake only)
Consolidating the new into the existing
Incentives for Directors, Managers, Project & Operational stakeholdersmust link to investor’s target
Manager’s Attractors
Capacity to RTB Versus CTBC
ascade intent & constraints
Delegated A
uthorities & T
olerances (freedoms)
Esc
alat
e de
cisi
ons
outs
ide
auth
ority
Rep
ort,
See
k G
uida
nce
Trigger
Business as usual
Operations
View across the total portfolio of uses of capital†
Result Tasks Resources
Monitor and ReplanPlanning
Execution
Goals
What (M & V) How: VisionBusiness Design
(Modus Operandi)
Business-as-usual use of resources (RtB)
Project use of resources (CtB)Results, Impacts, Products, Deliverables
future-state-business-as-usualDelivery
Change
(Projects) Ben
efits
8
© Logical Model Ltd 2006-2014
Licensed for individual use without fee. A commercial license ([email protected]) removes this note: Please report unlicensed commercial use & share in fees levied
Intro
12345
8
Draw-off of specialismsfrom functions
Skills & tools focus plus customer and end-point focus
Great when well implemented Significant
challenges
Where Interfaces Are Needed
Project α
Project β
Project γ
Stra
tegy
Change In
itiativ
e
Busin
ess P
roce
ss
Pro
duct D
evelo
pm
ent
Busin
ess T
ransf’tn
I’m’tn
& R
ollo
ut
Ops S
upport
Senior Management
Business Process Concept Architecture DesignTraining Design
Validation Integration
CommercialsIdentify Opportunity
Qualify Opportunity
Bid for Opportunity
Negotiate Ts&Cs
Maintain customer relationship
Systems EngineeringInfrastructure
ArchitectureDesign Construction Validation Operational Support
Business ChangeApplicatoin Architecture
Design Construction Validation Operational SupportImplementation& Roll-Out
Preparation
Test Specifications
Conduct tests
Customer acceptances
Release Operational Support
Project Manag’t Initiation Programme Plan
Service SupportDesign for Support Specification
Operational SupportDe-commission
Create Support infrastructure
Business Process Concept Architecture DesignTraining Design
Validation Integration
CommercialsIdentify Opportunity
Qualify Opportunity
Bid for Opportunity
Negotiate Ts&Cs
Maintain customer relationship
Systems EngineeringInfrastructure
ArchitectureDesign Construction Validation Operational Support
Business ChangeApplicatoin Architecture
Design Construction Validation Operational SupportImplementation& Roll-Out
Preparation
Test Specifications
Conduct tests
Customer acceptances
Release Operational Support
Project Manag’t Initiation Programme Plan
Service SupportDesign for Support Specification
Operational SupportDe-commission
Create Support infrastructure
Business Process Concept Architecture DesignTraining Design
Validation Integration
CommercialsIdentify Opportunity
Qualify Opportunity
Bid for Opportunity
Negotiate Ts&Cs
Maintain customer relationship
Systems EngineeringInfrastructure
ArchitectureDesign Construction Validation Operational Support
Business ChangeApplicatoin Architecture
Design Construction Validation Operational SupportImplementation& Roll-Out
Preparation
Test Specifications
Conduct tests
Customer acceptances
Release Operational Support
Project Manag’t Initiation Programme Plan
Service SupportDesign for Support Specification
Operational SupportDe-commission
Create Support infrastructure
Change Initiative P r o j e c t C o n t r o l
Business Process Concept Architecture DesignTraining Design
Validation Staff Training
StrategyCommercials
Identify Opportunity
Qualify Opportunity
ApproveBusiness Case
Monitor Project Execution Monitor Return on Investment
Product Development Infrastructure
ArchitectureDesign Construction Validation Operational Support
Business Transf’tnApplicatoin Architecture
Design Construction Validation Operational Support
Implementation& Roll-Out
Preparation
Test Specifications
Tests Setup
Customer Acceptances
Release Operational Support
Operations Support Design for Support Specification
Operational SupportDe-commission
Create Support infrastructure
InitiationProjectPlan
9
© Logical Model Ltd 2006-2014
Licensed for individual use without fee. A commercial license ([email protected]) removes this note: Please report unlicensed commercial use & share in fees levied
Intro
12345
9
Draw-off of specialismsfrom functions
Skills & tools focus plus customer and end-point focus
Great when well implemented Significant
challenges
Where Interfaces Are Needed
Project α
Project β
Project γ
Stra
tegy
Change In
itiativ
e
Busin
ess P
roce
ss
Pro
duct D
evelo
pm
ent
Busin
ess T
ransf’tn
I’m’tn
& R
ollo
ut
Ops S
upport
Senior Management
Business Process Concept Architecture DesignTraining Design
Validation Integration
CommercialsIdentify Opportunity
Qualify Opportunity
Bid for Opportunity
Negotiate Ts&Cs
Maintain customer relationship
Systems EngineeringInfrastructure
ArchitectureDesign Construction Validation Operational Support
Business ChangeApplicatoin Architecture
Design Construction Validation Operational SupportImplementation& Roll-Out
Preparation
Test Specifications
Conduct tests
Customer acceptances
Release Operational Support
Project Manag’t Initiation Programme Plan
Service SupportDesign for Support Specification
Operational SupportDe-commission
Create Support infrastructure
Business Process Concept Architecture DesignTraining Design
Validation Integration
CommercialsIdentify Opportunity
Qualify Opportunity
Bid for Opportunity
Negotiate Ts&Cs
Maintain customer relationship
Systems EngineeringInfrastructure
ArchitectureDesign Construction Validation Operational Support
Business ChangeApplicatoin Architecture
Design Construction Validation Operational SupportImplementation& Roll-Out
Preparation
Test Specifications
Conduct tests
Customer acceptances
Release Operational Support
Project Manag’t Initiation Programme Plan
Service SupportDesign for Support Specification
Operational SupportDe-commission
Create Support infrastructure
Business Process Concept Architecture DesignTraining Design
Validation Integration
CommercialsIdentify Opportunity
Qualify Opportunity
Bid for Opportunity
Negotiate Ts&Cs
Maintain customer relationship
Systems EngineeringInfrastructure
ArchitectureDesign Construction Validation Operational Support
Business ChangeApplicatoin Architecture
Design Construction Validation Operational SupportImplementation& Roll-Out
Preparation
Test Specifications
Conduct tests
Customer acceptances
Release Operational Support
Project Manag’t Initiation Programme Plan
Service SupportDesign for Support Specification
Operational SupportDe-commission
Create Support infrastructure
10
© Logical Model Ltd 2006-2014
Licensed for individual use without fee. A commercial license ([email protected]) removes this note: Please report unlicensed commercial use & share in fees levied
Intro
12345
10
At project end the supplier receives their reward (profit) The investor is furthest from a return
Benefits Profile
Value
0
Supplier’s Cash-flow
Time (not to scale)
Supplier’s Profit
Investor’s P&L Profile
Investor’s Deficit
Supplier’s Max Invest
Investor’s Final surplus
11
© Logical Model Ltd 2006-2014
Licensed for individual use without fee. A commercial license ([email protected]) removes this note: Please report unlicensed commercial use & share in fees levied
Intro
12345
11
…†Just How We Do Business Around Here New incentives (& habits)
Avoid Back-sliding
New capability projects often experiences initial performance below design
Project end is key challenge for operations Emotional support of the people
Normal & Exceptional procedures
Turning off old ways of working is disorienting
JHWDBAH†
Promised
Actual-?
Actual-?!
Realising Benefits from Government ICT Investment – a fool’s errand?Stephen Jenner ISBN 978-1-906638-26-9