Leading Focused And Productive Discussions · 2018-07-31 · Focused And Productive Discussions...

Meetings That Rock ©

Lesson 3: Dialogue

Barbara MacKay, CPF, CTF

North Star Facilitators

(503) 579-5708

www.NorthStarFacilitators.com

Leading

Focused And

Productive

Discussions

Facilitator Tools for Sharing Ideas in Meetings©

WELCOME EVERYONE!

With whom did you recently share a cup of coffee or tea?

What did you learn about him or her?

Over 35 Tips, Tools &

Techniques for Meetings

2.Agenda Design Tools

3. Discussion & Conflict Resolution

Tools

4. Consensus Tools

5. Brain-storming & Creativity

Tools

6. Decision-Making Tools

1. Participation

Tools

Course Overview


Lesson 3: Dialogue



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ON DISCUSSIONS…

“We can judge our progress by the

courage of our questions

and the

depth of our answers,

our willingness to embrace what is true

rather than what feels good.”

― Carl Sagan, scientist, 1934-1996

OUR CENTRAL QUESTION

How can we use structure and open ended questions to ensure high quality

discussions?

� Turn pages – 1 second per page

� Lightly glance at entire page

� Mark any pages that intrigue you

� Complete “photo-read” of document in 3 minutes

Document 3 Review


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DOCUMENT REVIEW

� What stands out for you?

� What is most interesting?

� What will be most useful?

Your Playwork

What would you REALLY like help with when it comes to

leading productive discussions or

resolving conflict?

WHY ARE WE HERE?

Rational Aims:

� Practice writing pithy open-ended questions� Learn frameworks for discussions and conflict resolution� Know how to sequence questions to keep group on track

Experiential Aims:

� Internalize importance of structure for focused thinking

� Be excited to try out new dialogue skills


Lesson 3: Dialogue



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WHAT WILL WE LEARN?

� Open-ended vs. Close-ended Questions

� Three Frameworks: ToP© Focused ConversationSix Thinking Hats Nonviolent Communication

� Over-participation Behavior

� Resources: Sample Questions � Tips for Results� Seven C’s for Crucial Conversations�

Leading Productive Discussions

(adapted from IAF and ToP professional facilitator certification program)

THIS WEEK’S COMPETENCY

TODAY’S AGENDA

� Overview (20 ‘)� Crafting Questions (10’)� Dialogue Frameworks (15’)� Practice: Conflict Scenarios

(50’+ 5’break)� Difficult Behaviors (10’)� Closing (10’)


Lesson 3: Dialogue



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ON DISCUSSIONS…

1. Discussions need structure.

2. Powerful, open-ended questions provoke thoughtfulness.

3. People respond well when given many ways to offer their ideas or answers.

QUESTIONS:IMPORTANT!

QUESTIONS:OPEN vs. CLOSED

INVITES AUTHENTIC DIALOGUE

“What did you hear me say?”

“How will this help you resolve the situation?”

LIMITS TO YES/NO RESPONSE

“Did you hear what I said?”

“Will this help you resolve the situation?”

OPEN

CLO

SED


Lesson 3: Dialogue



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Your Playwork

On your own, come up with 3 good discussion

questions on:Rational Aim:

• Develop a new employee policy for working at home

Experiential Aim:

• Comfortable with draft and policy

ON DISCUSSIONS…

Steps to create a discussion:

1. Define Rational and Experiential aims.

2. Brainstorm open-ended questions.

3. Sequence them to flow.

THREE FRAMEWORKS

1)ToP FC2) Six Hats3) NVC


Lesson 3: Dialogue



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Your Playwork

Which of these dialogue methods do you already use?

FRAMEWORK: ToP©

ToP© (Technology of Participation) Focused Conversation Methodfrom the Institute of Cultural Affairs (www.ica-usa.org)

• Provides a structured way to process information

• Refers to 4 levels of thinking

• Applies to any discussion topic; structure useful for designing workshops or meeting segments

FRAMEWORK: ToP©

ORID


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FRAMEWORK: Six Thinking Hats

Dr. Edward de Bono’s Technique

• Restricts “ego defense”

• Directs attention to different aspects and allows for switching gears

• Releases different brain chemicals

• Establishes “rules of the game”

FRAMEWORK: Six Thinking Hats

6 Colors=

6 Responses

Red Hat: Feelings/Emotions

Black Hat: Cons

Green Hat: Idea Generation

Blue Hat: Design/Summary

FRAMEWORK: NVC

Dr. Marshall B. Rosenberg’s Dialogue Model

• Refers to “Non-Violent Communication” (NVC) (www.cnvc.org)

• Uses empathy as the key tone

• Helps resolve deeply-rooted issues/conflicts

• Creates an atmosphere of safety


Lesson 3: Dialogue



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FRAMEWORK: NVC

Observation

Naming the Feeling

Identifying the Unmet Need

Making the Request

EmpathyCompassion

ON CONFLICT DISCUSSIONS…

“Every criticism, judgment, diagnosis

and expression of anger is the

tragic expression of an unmet need.”

-Marshall B. Rosenberg

FRAMEWORK COMPARISON

Framework ToP FocusedConversation

Six Thinking Hats

NonViolentCommunication

Open-ended

questions

Yes Sometimes Sometimes

Use for Any situation Problem solving in limited time

ConflictEmpathy

Levels Four Six Four

Sequencing in order in any order in order

Time required? 5’-2 hours20-30’ average

6-20’ 30’-2 hours


Lesson 3: Dialogue



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Your Playwork

STEP 1:On your own, brainstorm open-ended questions to meet given aims of your

assigned meeting scenario. Feel free to consult handout.

Pages21-24

Your Playwork

SCENARIO 1:Conflict! Staff are upset. A few employees are

mistreating other employees. You don’t know much more. Aims: help them articulate what is upsetting them and

begin to find ways to resolve the tension.

Your Playwork

SCENARIO 2: Changes! Management just

announced upcoming organizational changes and

new processes. Staff demoralized and fearful

for job security. Aims: help them articulate what is upsetting them and begin to find ways to resolve

the tension.


Lesson 3: Dialogue



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Your Playwork

STEP 2:In triads, share questions. Identify 6-8 “good” ones to

share with larger group. Make sure at least 1-2 questions for each level.

Your Playwork

STEP 3:In your same triad, sequence

your revised 6-8 questions into four levels using the dialogue

template provided.

DIALOGUE TEMPLATE

ObjectiveObservation

ReflectiveEmotional

InterpretiveOptions

SummaryOutcomes

FactsWhat Level

FeelingsGut Level

AnalysisSo What Level

DecisionsNow What Level


Lesson 3: Dialogue



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Your Playwork

POLL:How will using a structured approach help with someone who has “over-participation” behavior?

ON OVER-PARTICIPATION… Two Core Principles:

1. Remember Human Need for: Connection Community

Recognition Visibility Contribution

Independence Affirmation

2. Balance the Power Dynamics.

ON OVER-PARTICIPATION…

1. Small Groups

2. Group Writes Own Data

2. Walk Abouts

3. Round Robins

Top Eight Strategies


Lesson 3: Dialogue



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Top Eight Strategies:

5. Group Guidelines

6. Pre-Work

7. Multiple Intelligences

8. ConstructivistListening


When a dominant participant declares:

“I’m right; you’re wrong!”

“I won’t support this idea!”

“I’m not listening to this!”

ON DISCUSSIONS…

“I’d like to hear from as many people as possible. I’m going to ask those who

have already spoken to not raise their hands or offer ideas until we’ve heard

from a few other people.”

Adapted from:

“Facilitating Uphill: Intervention

Strategies for Challenging Meetings”

by Ingrid Bens

Sample response:


Lesson 3: Dialogue



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ON DISCUSSIONS…

“Can you please share with us in less than 2 minutes why you object to this idea or

why this idea is upsetting? I’ll set a timer so you know when your time is up.”

ON DISCUSSIONS…

“At today’s meeting, you spoke 20 minutes longer than we agreed upon. When this happens, I become anxious because I like to meet the

meeting schedule. Would you be willing to make an effort to keep to our agreed upon time in the

future.”

As a last resort, take them aside and say…:

THE HUMAN CONNECTION…

From the YouTube channel of Soul Pancake:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HfHV4-N2LxQ&list=SP270B0DE5FA9A2C88

What happens when 2 strangers spend time in a “ball pit” and have a conversation by way of focused questions… (N.B. Skip through parts – aim for 3-4’) Task: Write down the questions they used.


Lesson 3: Dialogue



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Your Playwork

Which of the 3 frameworks are you

drawn to? Why?

Where will you apply these frameworks?

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

SAMPLE QUESTIONS

Refer to pages 21-26 of your

handout for the full list!

Analysis and Meaning:How can we measure our success?What are the key negotiating points?

Decisional:What are our next steps?How would you summarize what we did today?


Lesson 3: Dialogue



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TIPS FOR RESULTS



Know why you are asking the questions.

Read your questions out loud to yourself. Test for flow and clarity.

Ask only one question at a time.

TIPS FOR RESULTS



Be prepared to repeat the question in a slightly different way if there are puzzled looks.

Acknowledge each person’s response with body language (head nod, smile) or a simple thank you.

SEVEN C’s…

Setting Up Difficult Discussions

1. Clarify

2. Choose

3. Consider

4. Craft


Lesson 3: Dialogue



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SEVEN C’s…

Setting Up Difficult Discussions

5. Confidence

6. Context

7. Collaboration

REFLECT,LINK,COMMIT

o Remember: You can lead highly productive and focused conversations.

o Link: Do 2-3 practice exercises in the workbook

o Commit: Come back with a really good question, on a topic relevant to you, that you are proud to ask.

SEE YOU FOR PART 4:

CONSENSUS

May you

reflect on these ideas,

link to the resources,

commit to

ENSURING HIGH QUALITY DISCUSSIONS

and

make your MEETINGS ROCK!


Lesson 3: Dialogue



(503) 579-5708


All photos were taken by Barbara at

actual events in her practice and

on trips.

Thanks especially to the

participants and co-facilitators of

different sessions worldwide

and the

natural elements of Oregon, Korea,

Brazil, Kenya and Australia.

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Leading Focused And Productive Discussions · 2018-07-31 · Focused And Productive Discussions...

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