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Leaping the Hurdles& Navigating the Maze:How to Get FundingFrom DBSB/NICHD
University of Washington
July 30, 2004
Rebecca L. Clark
Demographic and Behavioral Science Branch (DBSB)Center for Population Research (CPR)
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
National Institutes of Health (NIH)U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
What do I do? Program official at DBSB/NICHD
Migration, population distribution, race & ethnicity, population & environment methods, some centers, most F32s, K01s
Help applicants up until they submit their application, then after their applications are reviewed SRAs handle review, more on this later
What do I do? Manage funded grants for NICHD Write program announcements
and RFAs Help establish DBSB’s (and
NICHD’s) priorities
NIH Overview The mission of the NIH is to
uncover new knowledge that will lead to better health for everyone
27 components (institutes and centers)
$27.3 billion in funding in 2003 4/5 goes to grants and contracts
supporting extramural research
Who funds behavioral & social sciences at NIH?
Total 2002 NIH funding for behavioral and social science research: $2.3 billion
1. National Institute of Mental Health ($403 million)
2. National Institute on Drug Abuse ($400 m)
3. National Cancer Institute ($249 m)
4. National Institute of Child Health & Human Development
($246 m)
5. National Institute on Aging ($209 m)
6. National Institute of Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism ($171 m)
NICHD Largest single funder of behavioral
and social research on population
Most funding for this research is through the Demographic and Behavioral Sciences Branch (DBSB)
$87.4 million grant funding in FY02
N IA F IC
DBS B 2 O th e rs
C P R 3 O th e rs D S R
N IC H D 2 3 O th e rs C S R
The National Institutes of Health
NICHD: Nat’l Institute of Child Health & Human DevelopmentNIA: Nat’ l Institute on AgingFIC: Fogarty International Center CSR: Center for Scientific ReviewDSR: Division of Scientific ReviewDBSB: Demographic & Behavioral Sciences Branch
What we will cover … Funding opportunities and
mechanisms at NICHD The process: Idea to application The process: Application to funding
Evaluation of scientific merit The funding decision
What program staff can do for you Post-doctoral fellowships
Funding Opportunities and Mechanisms at the NICHD
DBSB always interested in funding research in:
Fertility and contraception
Mortality, morbidity and health
Migration and population distribution
Family and household structure and processes
Marriage and cohabitation
Demographic methods
Economic demography
Behavioral research on HIV/STDs
Fatherhood Population and
environment Child care . . . and more
What kinds of funding can I get? Training and development Research support
Grants for junior investigators: Training and development
F31 Predoctoral Fellowships Minority students Students with disabilities
F32 Postdoctoral Fellowships K01 Mentored Population Research
Scientist Development Award
Grants for junior (& other) investigators: Research R01 Research Project Grant R03 NIH Small Research Grant Program R21 NIH Exploratory/Developmental
Research Grant R15 Academic Research Enhancement
Awards (AREA) S Minority/disability supplements on existing
R01s & other grants SBIR/STTR Small Business Innovation
Research/Small Business Technology Transfer
R03 NIH Small Research Grant
Limited funding/short period of time Examples:
Pilot/feasibility studies Secondary analysis of existing data Small, self-contained research projects Developing research new methodology
or technology
R21 NIH Exploratory/Developmental Research Grant New exploratory and
developmental research projects Examples:
Feasibility studies Unique/innovative use of an existing
methodology to explore a new scientific area
High risk/high payoff
R01/R21/R03 (at NICHD)
Limits R01 R21 R03 Time 5 years 2 years 2 years
Funding cap
$500k/ yr $200k/ yr $275k total
$50k/ yr
Revisions 2 2 1
Page 25 15 10
Review CSR NI H
CSR NI H
DSR NI CHD
Renewable? Yes No No
R15 Academic Research Enhancement Awards Individual research projects
conducted by faculty Involving undergraduate students At institutions without major
recipiency of NIH research grant funds.
Special funding initiatives
Most important thing to remember:
YOU DON’T NEED A SPECIAL FUNDING INTITIATIVE (RFA, PA) TO APPLY FOR FUNDING
I’ll remind you again in a few minutes
Special funding initiatives RFA: Request for Applications PA: Program Announcement How NIH asks researchers to consider
certain topics or areas Also how NIH notifies researchers that
funding mechanisms (e.g., R03s, R21s, K01s) are available
Notices give additional information about RFAs and PAs
RFA versus PA:
RFA PA
NICHD sets aside funds for projects?
Yes Usually not
Special application deadlines?
Yes Usually not
How long active? Until deadlin
e
3 years
Special review panel? Yes Usually not
Examples of RFAs Mind-Body/Interactions and Health Development of Community Child
Health Research Population Research Infrastructure
Program Health, Environment and Economic
Development (HEED)
Examples of PAs:Research topics Social & Demographic Studies of
Race & Ethnicity in the United States Social & cultural dimensions of
health Methodology & measurement in the
behavioral & social sciences Population movement The science & ecology of early
development (SEED)
Examples of PAs:Funding mechanisms NIH Small Research Grant Program
(R03) NIH Exploratory/Developmental
Research Grant Award (R21) Mentored Research Scientist
Development Award (K01)
Not RFA/PA
79%
RFA9%
PA12%
Remember:Relatively few research grants result from RFAs & PAs
DBSB R01s, FY2000
4 things to know about AIDS research funded through DBSB:
Different application deadlines
Different study sections
Money comes from different funding streams
For more information contact Susan Newcomer at:
(301) 435-6981 or
Examples of NICHD/DBSB announcements-HIV related Research on HIV/STD prevention
messages Research on social networks and
HIV risk prevention Demographic research on sexual
behaviors related to HIV
The Process: Idea to Application
•A good idea•Before you apply•Rules for writing a grant application•Other things to know and do
The starting point . . .
Have a good idea No amount of grantsmanship
can disguise a weak idea . . .
But poor grantsmanship can kill a good idea
What is a good idea?
A good idea:• Addresses a significant question • Brings something new to the
table • Is focused • Is feasible
Before you apply Look at the DBSB website:
http://www.nichd.nih.gov/about/cpr/dbs/dbs.htm
Talk with program staff about research ideas & funding mechanisms
Read the application (and PA/RFA, if applicable) guidelines
Know the deadlines
Learn from what others have done Get copies of
Successful applications Successful summary statements Unsuccessful summary statements
“Summary statement”= Critique from review group = “Pink sheet”
Find a guide Work with someone who knows the
process Another researcher, outside NICHD
And way, way before you apply: Pick a mentor who will help you launch your career
Now sit down and start writing Here are a few pointers
Know your strengths & weaknesses Write about what you know
Don’t use your first application to completely change research directions
Never change research directions to respond to an RFA or PA
Don’t promise more than you can deliver
Develop a unified proposal
with a sharp focus
1. Theory2. Hypotheses3. Data4. Research and analysis plans should all be carefully integrated
and logically related
Be persuasive Sell your ideas early in the
application Crisply state your specific aims Explain yourself–Don’t assume
reviewers will know what you mean Tell reviewers:
What you want to do Why is it important to do this research
Take your time Don’t rush in an underdeveloped
application to meet a deadline Think through and address
All aspects of your research plan All possible objections to it
Leave time for trusted colleagues to critique your application – several times!
Don’t irritate the reviewers
Follow the directions Don’t be sloppy Don’t use teeny, tiny type Don’t include an appendix as large
as a cow
Other things to know and do
Know the deadlines At NIH, for R01s* and many other
mechanisms: February 1, June 1, October 1 Revisions may have different dates
AIDS applications 3 months later Check application guidelines for
your situation
*Unless RFA
Most common pitfallfor new applicants
Great ambitions … underdeveloped plans
Another common problem Failure to read the instructions
READ the application form READ the RFA, PA, or Notice, if
applicable Specific instructions in an RFA, PA, or
Notice supercede instructions in application form
Myths about applying It’s better to have an established
researcher as PI Shorter project periods are more
likely to be funded It’s a good idea to underestimate
the project’s cost Don’t apply unless there is a PA or
RFA
Why you should apply for NICHD grant funding: It’s hard work to get a grant, but a
GREAT way to support your research. You control the science Grant has few administrative requirements
You get great input from wise people about your research
Prestige of the NICHD/NIH reputation will be associated with your research
Application to funding:How does NICHD decide what to fund?
Process
Brilliantidea
Brilliantproposal
Institution submits
NIH reviews
Get funding
Join FrenchForeign Legion
Revise proposal
Evaluation of scientific merit
Your proposal comes in and gets reviewed
Evaluation of scientific merit separate from funding decision
Evaluation of scientific merit: Run by scientific review
administrators Decision whether to fund:
Program staff (people like me) Advisory council Institute director
Who reviews NIH proposals? A “study section”—there are
dozens Which study section depends on:
Scientific content and methodology Mechanism (e.g., R01, R03, F32, K01 .
. .) Which Institute proposal goes to Whether responding to RFA
What’s a “study section” Top scientists with relevant expertise
from outside NIH Special scientific review administrators
(not me) put together Most applications go to one of the
standing committees that meets three times a year You can look up the rosters to see who is on
Five review criteria Significance Innovation Approach* Investigator* Environment*
*What R01 reviewers are told about evaluating new researchers: Approach: More emphasis on
demonstrating feasibility of techniques/approaches than on preliminary results
Investigator: More emphasis on training and research potential than on number of publications
Environment: Evidence of institutional commitment—resources, time to perform research
Basics of NIH Review
Priority score assigned Numerical rating—Scientific merit of
proposed research relative to "state of the science"
100-150: Outstanding 151-200: Excellent 201-250: Very good 251-300: Good 300-500: Unscored (usually)
What applicant gets after review A score Detailed written comments from at
least 2 reviewers Even if your application is “unscored”
Scored applications: Written summary of discussion from study section meeting SRA prepares
Cover letter with application You can request CSR to:
Assign your application to a particular Institute to consider funding (e.g., NICHD, NIA, FIC)
Mention name of program official you have talked with
Assign your application to a particular study section to review scientific merit
The funding decision
Most research projects
R03s, etc.
DBSB reviews proposal & summary statement, makes funding recommendation
Review byAdvisory Council
NICHD Director
makes final funding decision
What if I don’t get funded?
TRY AGAIN! Nearly all funded investigators have
had proposals blown out of the water . . . But they applied again
Even applications that are “unscored” can receive funding if appropriately revised
Talk to program staff
What Program Staff Can Do for You
What program staff can do for you
Help you before you submit your application
Let you know what your scores are Let you know what happened to
your proposal during study section Help you interpret your summary
statement
What program staff can do for you
For scientific reasons, arrange funding for grants that are a little below the funding line (currently exceedingly rare)
For scientific reasons, recommend adjusting grants’ budgets (also rare)
What program staff cannot do
Serve on the external review panel Run the external review panel Choose the external reviewers Assign your proposal to a
particular review panel
Post-Doctoral Fellowships
Two types T32
Goes to a population training center Often supports both pre- and post-docs
Population center decides who gets post-docs
Sets up own review process
F32 Goes to an individual post-doc Post-doc applicant applies to NIH with help
from prospective post-doctoral institution
Why get an F32 instead of T32? More prestigious You are the principal investigator (PI),
the one who deals directly with NIH You aren’t limited to going to programs
that already have T32 post-doc programs
If you are at an existing T32 program, it frees up funding for others, so they should be really, really grateful to you
Official name Ruth L. Kirschstein National
Research Service Award for Individual Postdoctoral Fellows (F32)
Purpose of F32 program “To help ensure that a diverse pool of highly
trained scientists will be available in adequate numbers and in appropriate research areas to carry out the Nation's biomedical and behavioral research agenda”
“NIH awards individual postdoctoral fellowships (F32) to promising applicants with the potential to become productive, independent investigators in fields related to the mission of NIH constituent institutes and centers.”
Eligibility U.S. citizen, non-citizen national, or
legal permanent resident No temporary visa holders
Completed doctorate Sponsoring institution and
appropriate sponsor (a.k.a. mentor or supervisor)
2 rules and 1 strong suggestion NO MORE THAN 3 years total post-
doc support from NIH (T32 + F32)* MUST be full-time*
Exceptions require formal waiver, given under extraordinary circumstances only
SHOULD NOT BE where you got your Ph.D.: Be prepared to strongly justify
Stipends “Subsistence allowance” Level depends on number of full
years of experience after doctorate Levels usually updated annually Paid through sponsoring institution
Other benefits Tuition and fees (some limits) Institutional allowance
$5,500/year Research supplies, equipment, health
insurance Other training costs
“Extraordinary” training costs under “exceptional circumstances”
Other ways to get money into your pocket Supplements from your university
Allowed, but strict rules Compensation for services
Allowed, but strict rules Educational loan/G.I. Bill
Fine Concurrent awards
Not if federal
Service payback 1 month of service for each month
of support for first year Second year of post-doc pays pays
back for first year of post-doc
Leave policy Paid vacations, sick leave, and
parental leave all allowed
4 application rules Use the fellowship application form
(PHS 416-1) Applications must include 3 sealed
letters of reference Applications must include detailed
plans about instruction in responsible conduct of research
Check the receipt dates
Who reviews the application Study section at NIH’s Center for
Scientific Review (CSR) Program staff at an Institute (e.g.,
NICHD)
Review criteria MAJOR
Candidate Sponsor and training environment Research Proposal Training potential
MINOR Protection of human subjects from research
risk; inclusion of women, minorities, children; care and care and use of vertebrate animals in research
Candidate Previous academic research
performance Potential to become “important
contributor” to science
Sponsor and Training Environment Quality of training environment Qualifications of mentor for
research training proposed
Research Proposal Merit of scientific proposal Relationship to candidate’s career
plans
Training Potential Value of proposed fellowship vis-à-
vis candidate’s needs in preparing for career as an independent researcher