Manufacturing materials --- IE251 lect-4, Slide 1

Lect-4 introduction to the classification

of materialsIndustrial Material Applications, IE251

Dr M. A. EissaKing Saud University

College of EngineeringDepartment of Industrial Engineering

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Classification of Materials

• Functional Classification of Materials• Classification of Materials Based on Structure• Environmental and Other Effects• Materials Design and Selection

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Classification of Materials• Metals and Alloys• Ceramics, Glasses,and Glass-ceramics• Polymers (plastics), Thermoplastics and

Thermosets• Composite Materials

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Functional Classification ofMaterials

• Aerospace• Biomedical• Electronic Materials• Energy Technology and Environmental

Technology• Magnetic Materials• Photonic or Optical Materials• Smart Materials• Structural Materials

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Classification of Materials-Based on Structure

• Crystalline material is a material comprised of one or many crystals. In each crystal, atoms or ions show a long-range periodic arrangement.– Single crystal is a crystalline material that is made of only

one crystal (there are no grain boundaries).– Polycrystalline material is a material comprised of many

crystals (as opposed to a single-crystal material that has only one crystal).

• Grains are the crystals in a polycrystalline material.• Grain boundaries are regions between grains of a

polycrystalline material.

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Environmental and Other Effects

• Effects of following factors must be accounted for in design to ensure that components do not fail unexpectedly:

• Temperature• Corrosion• Fatigue• Strain Rate

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Materials, process and shape

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The world of materials

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Basic material properties

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Mechanical properties illustrated

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Materials Data Organisation: