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What Is Psychology?

The discipline concerned with behavior and

mental processes and how they are affected by

an organisms physical state, mental state, and

external environment

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What Is Psychology? CONT Psychology is the science of the mind and

behavior. The word "psychology" comes

from the Greek word psyche meaning

"breath, spirit, soul", and the Greek

word logia meaning the study of

something.

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What Is Psychology? CONT According to a medical dictionary,

psychology is "The profession (clinical

psychology), scholarly discipline

(academic psychology), and science

(research psychology) concerned with the

behavior of humans and animals, andrelated mental and physiologic processes.

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Branches of Psychology. Clinical psychology

Cognitive psychology

Developmental psychology Evolutionary psychology

Health psychology

Neuropsychology

Occupational psychology

Social psychology

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Branches of Psychology. Clinical Psychology: is the scientific study

and application of psychology in order to

understand and prevent psychologically-caused distress or dysfunction (disability)

and promote the patient's well-being and

personal development.

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Branches of Psychology. Cognitive Psychology: this branch

investigates internal mental processes, such

as problem solving, memory, learning, and

language (how people think, perceive,

communicate, remember and learn).

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Branches of Psychology. Developmental Psychology: this is the

scientific study of systematic psychological

changes that a person experiences over the

course of his/her life.

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Branches of Psychology. Evolutionary Psychology: this looks at

how human behavior has been affected by

psychological adjustments during

evolution.

An evolutionary psychologist believes that

our human psychological traits are

adaptations for survival.

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Branches of Psychology. Health Psychology: also called behavioral

or medical psychology. This branch

observes how behavior, biology and social

context influence illness and health.

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Branches of Psychology. Neuropsychology: studies the structure

and function of the brain in relation to clear

behaviors and psychological processes.

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Branches of Psychology. Occupational Psychology: studies the

performance of people at work and in

training, develops an understanding of how

organizations function and how people and

groups behave at work.

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Branches of Psychology. Social Psychology: uses scientific methods

to understand and explain how feeling,

behavior and thoughts of people are

influenced by the actual, imagined or

implied presence of other people.

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Branches of Psychology.Applied psychology

Bio psychology

Educational psychologyEmotions psychology

Experimental psychology

Learning psychology

Military psychology

Moral psychology

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Psychology Psychologys past

Psychologys present

What psychologists do

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Psychologys Past Two psychologies

Structuralism

Functionalism

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Structuralism This approach focuses on the basic elements

that form the foundation of thinking,

consciousness, emotions and other kind of

mental states and activities.

Introspection: a procedure used to study the

structure of mind in which subjects areasked to describe in detail what they are

experiencing when they are exposed to

stimulus.

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Functionalism Early approach that emphasized the function or

purpose of behavior and consciousness.

Its core idea is that mental states (beliefs, desires,being in pain, etc.) are constituted solely by their

functional role

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Psychologys PresentMajor psychological perspectives

Biological Perspective

Psychodynamic Perspective

Cognitive Perspective

Behavioral perspective Humanistic Perspective

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The Biological Perspective Psychological approach that view behavior

from the perspective of biological functioning.

This perspective involves:

Hormones

Brain chemistry

Heredity

Evolutionary influences

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Psychodynamic Perspective

This perspective includes:

Unconscious thoughts,desires, and conflicts.

A psychological approach that emphasizes

unconscious dynamics within the

individual, such as inner forces, conflicts.

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The Behavioral Perspective A psychological approach that emphasizes

the observable behavior that can be measured

objectively should be the focus of study.

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The Humanist Perspective This approach suggests that all individuals

naturally strive to grow, develop and be in

control of their lives behavior.

This approach: Emphasized creativity and achieving

potential.

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What Psychologists Do Academic/research psychologists

Psychological practitioners

Psychologists in other settings

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Academic/Research Psychologists

Research in areas of basic or appliedpsychology.

Examples include: Experimental psychologists

Educational psychologists

Developmental psychologists

Industrial/organizational psychologists

Psychometric psychologists

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Psychological Practitioners Counselling psychologists help people deal

with problems associated with everyday

life. School psychologists work with parents,

teachers, and students to enhance studentperformance.

Clinical psychologists diagnose, treat, andstudy mental or emotional problems.

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Clinical psychologists are not: Psychotherapists

Psychoanalysts