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global governance
power over life
Whothe world
rules
or what
does ?
What is global governance?1
Governmentality and power over life2
So let’s begin…
What is global governance?1
Most agree it is an unfolding response tog l o b a l i z a t i o n
1Liberalism
world governance
Rosenau 1995
without
world government
Global governance is
“the management of global political and
Solomon 2006: 327
economic space in the absence of aglobal state
Global governance
Creat[es] the conditions for ordered rule and collective action
Stoker 1998: 21
“
Global governance involves
efforts to bring more orderly and reliable responses to social and political issues that go
beyond capacities of states to address individually
Gordenker and Weiss 1996: 17
“
‘is not normative or prescriptive and
provides a description of real
processes of change in the international
system’
‘not founded on domination but
upon accommodation’
‘in the world [not] of the world. The latter implies a
central authority that is doing the
governing, an implication that clearly has no basis in fact’
Rosenau, Smith & Czempiel 1992
Commission on Global Governance 1995: 2-3
Rosenau 2008
Neutral and impartial
Technocratic and functional
No power since no central authority
Characteristics
From international Liberal institutions, private and public
CompositionBenign, multi-layered management system
Responds to changes accelerated by globalization
Concerned with Liberal peace
Rationale
Power in global governance takes mainly material form
Hard and soft diplomatic power
Military power
Economic power
Measureable and quantifiable
2Feminism
Global governance involves
The expression of masculine power through hegemonic beliefs and institutions
powe
r in Patriarchal
hierarchies and values in international system
Masculine biases in state and state system Condoning of violence
powe
r thr
ough International
institutions
powe
r ove
r Weaker actors
powe
r todiscipline
and punish
3Constructivism
Global governance combines and projects
ideological and material power
It is a set of ideas, a body of thought, a system of norms, which has been arranged by certain people at a particular time and place (Jackson and Sorenson 2007: 162)
The international system is not
something ‘out there’ like the
solar system.
It does not exist on its own. It exists only as
an intersubjective [shared]
awareness among people; in that sense
the system is constituted by ideas, not
by material forces.
It is a human invention or
creation not of a physical or
material kind but of a purely
intellectual and ideational
kind.
Constructivists reject claims of neutrality and impartiality
claim it projects a dominant, privileged ideal
identifies liberal/neoliberal hegemony globally
Planetary life organised around Liberal beliefs
Democracy, capitalism, individualism for the greater good
Liberal ways are the final and best ways
Fukuyama, Huntington, Kaplan
Liberal proponents produce truths about Liberalism and declare them as absolutes
No viable alternative to Liberalism
Individualism is the only freedom
Capitalism will create equitable growth
Resource depletion is sustainable through technological adaptation
Liberal proponents project and protect these claims
Liberal hegemony projected through institutions (trade regimes, IGOs), processes (governance), materials (wealth, consumption) and propaganda
productiveP o w e r a s
as an objective, absolute and neutral truth
the ability to represent a subjective, incomplete and partisan claim
(Roberts 2010)
invisible power
‘anonymousAUTHORITY’
Erich Fromm, 1941: 190
Hard to grasp power asinvisible
If it’s not evident in a person
or a state
p o w e r i n g l o b a l g o v e r n a n c e i s
SO
neutral and impartial, material only
Liberalism
masculine values and preferences, projected through masculine-dominated institutions, to
create a violent, gendered world
Feminism
composed of Liberal values expressed through institutions structured to reproduce Liberalism and
discipline non-conformity
Constructivism
Governmentality and power over life2
Michel Foucault, Giorgio Agamben, Alain Badiou, Gilles Deleuze, Michael Hardt, Achille Mbembe, Warren Montag, Antonio Negri,
idea that government has a
rationality
governmentalityg o v e r n m e n t m e n t a l i t y
A reason and purpose
To manage life
disseminated through nationwide outlets or capillary networks
national life managed through schools, hospitals, job centres, prisons, councils, police etc.
with power from centre
Rationality of government is to exert power over life
disciplines and punishes in order to generate compliance with ideology
This is
biopolitics
power over LIFE
Global governmentality as
Liberal power over planetary life
Source of global power is neoliberal hegemony
power disseminated through local and global institutions, or capillary networks
international life managed through international institutions (UN, WB, EU, WTO, Standard & Poor etc)
Power exists, so what does it do, beyond Liberal/Realist impressions?
Not limited to simple dominance and direct violence
Not limited to material expression of wealth and hierarchies
Not limited by geographies and boundaries
Ideological power influences all and everything
Conclusion
global governance is technical, material and ideological
managementc a l c u l a t e d
o f l i f e
Important because…
reveals structures, rules, actors behind international phenomena
demonstrates cause and effect
allows culpability to be identified
Holds actors, institutions and processes to account
Allows us to see and understand why good and bad things happen