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Lecture 13
• August 29, 2005
• Lehninger (4th Edition), Chapter
Skip the details on the metabolism of ketone bodies
Metabolic Biochemistry
FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS
LNC Chapter 21
LNC Fig. 21-1
the enzyme has threefunctional regions:
- biotin carrier protein- biotin carboxylase- transcarboxylase
acetyl-CoA + CO2 ==> malonyl-CoA
LNC Fig. 21-4
acyl carrier protein
LNC Fig. 21-2
End of lecture 12
August 26, 2005
LNC Fig. 21-2
LNC Fig. 21-2
LNC Fig. 21-2
This group is transferred tothe other SH group to free the ACP-SH for the nextmalonyl group
LNC Fig. 21-3
LNC Fig. 21-5
LNC Fig. 21-5
LNC Fig. 21-5
LNC Fig. 21-5
LNC Fig. 21-5
LNC Fig. 21-5
LNC Fig. 21-5
LNC Fig. 21-5
LNC Fig. 21-6
beginning of the second round:
LNC Fig. 21-7
LNC Fig. 21-13
The normal product of fatty acid synthase is palmitate (16 carbons)
elongation to stearate and longer chainstakes place in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
desaturation to oleate also occurs in the ER
poly-unsaturatedthe shaded fatty acids are essential FAfor humansbut are made only in plants
Desaturation of fatty acids in vertebrates (in the smooth ER):
requires molecular oxygen
LNC Fig. 21-8
Source of NADPH
Malic enzyme is found in liver and other animal tissues
A similar enzyme is found in bundle sheath cells in C4 plants
LNC Fig. 21-9
Source of NADPH
Source of NADPH
photosynthesis
from glucose to fatty acids
glucose pyruvate (in cytosol)
pyruvate acetyl-CoA (in mitochondria)
acetyl-CoA fatty acid (in cytosol)
How does acetyl-CoA come out of mitochondria ?
From glucose to fatty acids
mitochondria cytosol
LNC Fig. 21-11
Biosynthesis of cholesterol
steroidsisoprenoids
LNC pp. 799
LNC Fig. 21-30
LNC Fig. 21-32
CH3 CH3
CH2 C CH CH2 CH2 C CH CH2
n
Polyisoprene
LNC Fig. 21-36
LNC Fig. 21-37a
LNC Fig. 21-38
LNC Fig. 21-40
LNC Fig. 21-41
LNC Fig. 21-42
3-isopentenyl pyrophosphate
LNC Fig. 21-48
STEROID HORMONESVITAMIN D
RUBBER
DOLICHOLS
QUINONE
OTHER VITAMINS
CAROTENOIDS
PLANT HORMONES
C |CH2 = C – CH2 – CH2 – O - P - O - P
Skip several pages in chapter 21 (pp.784 - 798)
read p. 785 about function/mechanism of aspirin, ibuprofen and other painkillers and related drugs
End of lecture 13August 29, 2005