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Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)
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Page 1: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Lecture 3:

Active Directory

Domain Service (AD DS)

Page 2: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Agenda

• Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)

Installing and Configuring Active Directory Domain Services

Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Managing User Desktop with Group Policy

Page 3: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Module 1

Configuring Active Directory® Domain

Services

Page 4: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Module Overview

• Installing Domain Controllers

• Configuring Read-Only Domain Controllers

• New Features in Group Policy

• Configuring Group Policy Preferences

Page 5: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Lesson 1: Installing Domain Controllers

• Requirements for Installing AD DS

• What Are Domain and Forest Functional Levels?

• AD DS Installation Process

• Advanced Options for Installing AD DS

Page 6: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Requirements for Installing AD DS

Requirements Description

Server • A computer running Windows Server 2008 (Web Server edition is not supported)

• Minimum disk space of 250 MB and a partitionformatted with NTFS file system

Network configuration

• TCP/IP must be configured, including DNS client settings

• DNS Server that supports dynamic updatesmust be available or will be configured on thedomain controller

AD DS Installation Permissions

• Local Administrator permissions to install thefirst domain controller in a forest

• Domain Administrator permissions to installadditional domain controllers in a domain

• Enterprise Administrator permissions to installadditional domains in a forest

Page 7: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

What Are Domain and Forest Functional Levels?

Functional levels:

• Determine the AD DS features available in a domain or forest

• Restrict which Windows Server operating systems can berun on domain controllers in the domain or forest

Supported functional levels:

Domain Supported Domain Controller Operating Systems

Forest

Windows 2000 Server native

• Windows Server 2008

• Windows Server 2003

• Windows 2000 Server

Windows 2000

Windows Server2003

• Windows Server 2008

• Windows Server 2003

Windows Server 2003

Windows Server 2008

• Windows Server 2008 Windows Server 2008

Page 8: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

AD DS Installation Process

Install the Active Directory Domain Services role byusing the Server Manager

1

Choose the deployment configuration 3

Select the additional domain controller features 4

Run the Active Directory Domain Services Installation Wizard (Dcpromo)

2

Select the location for the database, log files, and SYSVOL folder 5

Configure the Directory Services Restore Mode Administrator Password 6

Page 9: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Advanced Options for Installing AD DS

Use the advanced mode options to:

• Create a new domain tree

• Use backup media as the source for AD DS information

To access the advanced mode installation options, choose the Advanced Mode option in the Active Directory Domain Services Installation Wizard or run dcpromo /adv

• Select the source domain controller for the installation

• Modify the default domain NetBIOS name

• Define the Password Replication Policy for an RODC

Page 10: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Installing AD DS by Using IFM (Install From Media)

Use Ntdsutil.exe to create the installation media

Ntdsutil.exe can create the following types of installation media:

• Full (or writable) domain controller

• Full (or writable) domain controller with SYSVOL data

• Read-only domain controller with SYSVOL data

• Read-only domain controller

Page 11: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Upgrading to Windows Server 2008 AD DS

To prepare previous versions of Active Directory for a Windows Server 2008 domain controller installation:

Current Version Before Installing Command

Windows 2000 Server or Windows Server 2003

• Windows Server 2008 domain controllers

• Must be run before other Adprep commands

adprep /forestprep

Windows 2000 Server

• Windows Server 2008 domain controllers

adprep /domainprep /gpprep

Windows Server 2003

• Windows Server 2008 domain controllers

adprep /domainprep

Windows Server 2003

• Windows Server 2008 RODCs

adprep /rodcprep

Page 12: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Lesson 2: Configuring Read-Only Domain Controllers

• What Is a Read-Only Domain Controller?

• Read-Only Domain Controller Features

• What Are Password Replication Policies?

Page 13: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

What Is a Read-Only Domain Controller?

RODCs host read-only partitions of the AD DS database, only accept replicated changes to Active Directory, and never initiate replication

RODCs:

• Cannot hold operation master roles or be configured as replication bridgehead servers

• Can be deployed on servers running Windows Server 2008 Server Core for additional security

RODCs provide:

• Additional security for branch office with limited physical security

• Additional security if applications must run on a domain controller

RODC

Page 14: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Read-Only Domain Controller Features

RODCs provide:

• Unidirectional replication

• Credential caching

• Administrative role separation

• Read-only DNS

• RODC filtered attribute set

Page 15: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

What Are Password Replication Policies?

• The password replication policy determines how the RODC performs credential caching for authenticated user

• By default, the RODC does not cache any user credentials or computer credentials

• No credentials cached

• Enable credential caching on an RODC for specified accounts

Options for configuring password replication policies:

• Add users or groups to the Domain RODC PasswordAllowed group so that credentials are cached on all RODCs

Page 16: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Lesson 3: New Features in Group Policy

• New Group Policy Settings

• What Are Multiple Local Group Policies?

Page 17: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

New Group Policy Settings

There are approximately 700 new settings available

New settings : New categories:

• Antivirus

• Client Help

• Deployed Printer Connections

• Internet Explorer 7

• Wireless Configuration

• Terminal Services

• Windows Error Reporting

• Removable storage device management

• Power management

• User Account Control

• Network Access Protection

• Windows Defender

• Windows Firewall with Advanced Security

Page 18: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

What Are Multiple Local Group Policies?

• One layer of computer configurations that applies to all users

• Layers apply only to individual users, not to groups

• There are three layers of user configurations:

• Administrator

• Non-Administrator

• User-specific

Page 19: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Lesson 4: Configuring Group Policy Preferences

• What Are Group Policy Preferences?

• Difference Between Group Policy Preferences and Settings

• Group Policy Preference Features

Page 20: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

What Are Group Policy Preferences?

Group Policy preferences expand the range of configurable settings within a GPO and:

• Are not enforced

• Enable IT pros to configure, deploy, and manage operating system and application settings that were not manageable using Group Policy

Page 21: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Difference Between Group Policy Preferences and Settings

Group Policy Preferences Group Policy Settings

Are written to the normal locations in the registry that the application or operating system feature uses to store the setting.

Strictly enforce policy settings by writing the settings to areas of the registry that standard users cannot modify.

Do not cause the application or operating system feature to disable the user interface for the settings they configure.

Typically disable the user interface for settings that Group Policy is managing.

Refresh preferences by using the same interval as Group Policy settings by default.

Refresh policy settings at a regular interval.

Are not available on local computers.

Are available through local Group Policy.

Page 22: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Group Policy Preference Features

Used to configure additional

options that control the

behavior of a Group Policy

preference item

Common Tab Targeting Features

Determines to which users and

computers a preference

item applies

Page 23: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Module 2Implementing a Group

Policy Infrastructure

Page 24: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Module Overview

• Understand Group Policy

• Implement GPOs

• Manage Group Policy Scope

• Group Policy Processing

• Troubleshoot Policy Application

Page 25: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Lesson 1: Understand Group Policy

• What Is Configuration Management?

• Overview of Policies

• Benefits of Using Group Policy

• Group Policy Objects

• GPO Scope

• Group Policy Client and Client-Side Extensions

• Group Policy Refresh

• Review the Components of Group Policy

Page 26: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

What Is Configuration Management?

• A centralized approach to applying one or more changes to one or more users or computers

• Group Policy: The framework for configuration management in an AD DS domain

Setting: Definition of a change or configuration

Scope: Definition of the users or computers to which the change applies

Application: A mechanism that applies the setting to users and computers within the scope

Tools for management, configuration, and troubleshooting

Page 27: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

What Is Group Policy?

Use Group Policy to:

• Apply standard configurations

• Deploy software

• Enforce security settings

• Enforce a consistent desktop environment

Group Policy enables IT administrators to automate one-to-many management of users and computers

Local Group Policy is always in effect for local and domain users and local computer settings

Page 28: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Group Policy Settings

• Software

• Windows

• Security

• Operating systems

Group Policy settings for computers control thesesettings:

• Software

• Windows

• Security

• Desktop

Group Policysettings for users controlthese settings:

Page 29: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

How Group Policy Is Applied

Computer starts

• Computer settings applied

• Startup scripts run

Refresh Interval

User logs on

• User settings applied

• Logon scripts run

Refresh Interval

Every 90 minutes

Every 90 minutes

Page 30: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Overview of Policies

• The granular definition of a change or configuration

Prevent access to registry-editing tools

Rename the Administrator account

• Divided between

User Configuration ("user policies")

Computer Configuration("computer policies")

• Define a setting

Not configured (default)

Enabled

Disabled

Page 31: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Benefits of Using Group Policy

• Apply security settings

• Manage desktop and application settings

• Deploy software

• Manage folder redirection

• Configure network settings

Page 32: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Group Policy Objects

• Container for one or more policy settings

• Managed with the GPMC

• Stored in Group Policy Objects container

• Edited with the GPME

• Applied to a specific level in AD DS hierarchy

Page 33: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

GPO Scope

• Scope

Definition of objects (users or computers) to which GPO applies

• GPO Links

GPO can be linked to multiple sites, domain, or organizational unit (OU) (SDOU)

GPO link(s) define maximum scope of GPO

• Security Group Filtering

Apply or deny application of GPO to members of global security group

Filter application of scope of GPO within its link scope

• WMI Filtering

Refine scope of GPO within link based on WMI query

• Preference Targeting

Page 34: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Group Policy Client and Client-Side Extensions

• How GPOs and their settings are applied

• Group Policy Client retrieves ordered list of GPOs

• GPOs are downloaded, and then cached

• Components called CSEs process the settings to apply the changes

One for each major category of policy settings: Security, registry, script, software installation, mapped drive preferences, and so on

Most CSEs apply settings only if the GPO as a whole has changed

• Improves performance

• Security CSE applies changes every 16 hours

GPO application is client driven ("pull")

Page 35: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Group Policy Refresh

• When GPOs and their settings are applied

• Computer Configuration

Startup

Every 90-120 minutes

Triggered: GPUpdate command

• User Configuration

Logon

Every 90-120 minutes

Triggered: GPUpdate command

Page 36: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Lesson 2: Implement GPOs

• Local GPOs

• Domain-Based GPOs

• Demonstration: Create, Link, and Edit GPOs

• GPO Storage

• Manage GPOs and Their Settings

Page 37: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Local GPOs

• Apply before domain-based GPOs

Any setting specified by a domain-based GPO will override the setting specified by the local GPOs.

• Local GPO

One local GPO in Windows 2000 Server, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003

Multiple local GPOs in Windows Vista and later

• Local GPO: Computer settings and settings for all users

• Administrators GPO: Settings for users in Administrators

• Non-administrators GPO: Settings for users not in Admins

• Per-user GPO: Settings for a specific user

• If domain members can be centrally managed using domain-linked GPOs, in which scenarios might local GPOs be used?

Page 38: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Domain-Based GPOs

• Created in Active Directory, stored on domain controllers

• Two default GPOs

Default Domain Policy

• Define account policies for the domain: Password, account lockout, and Kerberos policies

Default Domain Controllers Policy

• Define auditing policies for domain controllers and Active Directory

Page 39: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

GPO Storage

• Separate replication mechanisms

GPO

• Stored in AD DS• Friendly name, globally unique

identifier (GUID)• Version

GPC

• Stored in SYSVOL on domain controllers (DCs)

• Contains all files required to define and apply settings

• .ini file contains Version

GPT

• What we call a GPO is actually two things, stored in two places

Page 40: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Manage GPOs and Their Settings

• Copy and Paste into a Group Policy Objects container

Create a new "copy" GPO and modify it

Transfer a GPO to a trusted domain, such as test-to-production

• Back Up all settings, objects, links, permissions (access control lists [ACLs])

• Restore into same domain as backup

• Import Settings into a new GPO in same or any domain

Migration table for source-to-destination mapping of UNC paths and security group names

Replaces all settings in the GPO – not a "merge"

• Save Report

• Delete

• Rename

Page 41: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Lesson 3: Manage Group Policy Scope

• GPO Links

• Group Policy Processing Order

• GPO Inheritance and Precedence

• Use Security Filtering to Modify GPO Scope

• WMI Filters

• Enable or Disable GPOs and GPO Nodes

• Target Preferences

• Loopback Policy Processing

Page 42: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

GPO Links

• GPO link

Causes policy settings in GPO to apply to users or computerswithin that container

Links GPO to site, domain, or OU (SDOU)

• Must enable sites in the GPM console

GPO can be linked to multiple sites or OUs

Link can exist but be disabled

Link can be deleted, but GPO remains

Page 43: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Group Policy Processing Order

Site

Domain

OUOU

OU

GPO2

GPO3

GPO4

GPO5

GPO1

Local Group

Page 44: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Computer DUser D

Computer BUser B

Computer CUser C

ComputerUser E

BusinessOU

Employees Groups Clients

Computer D+B+CUser D+B+E

Domain

Page 45: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Computer DUser D

Computer BUser B

Computer CUser C

ComputerUser E

BusinessOU

Employees Groups Clients

Domain

Block Inheritance

Computer B+CUser B+E

Page 46: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Computer DUser D

Computer BUser B

Computer CUser C

ComputerUser E

BusinessOU

Employees Groups Clients

Domain

Block Inheritance

SecurityComputer SUser S

Enforced

Computer B+C+SUser B+E+S

Page 47: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

GPO Inheritance and Precedence

• The application of GPOs linked to each container results in a cumulative effect called inheritance

Default Precedence: Local Site Domain OU OU… (LSDOU)

Seen on the Group Policy Inheritance tab

• Link order (attribute of GPO Link)

Lower number Higher on list Precedent

• Block Inheritance (attribute of OU)

Blocks the processing of GPOs from above

• Enforced (attribute of GPO Link)

Enforced GPOs “blast through” Block Inheritance

Enforced GPO settings win over conflicting settings in lower GPOs

Page 48: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Use Security Filtering to Modify GPO Scope

• Apply Group Policy permission

GPO has an ACL (Delegation tab Advanced)

Default: Authenticated Users have Allow Apply Group Policy

• Scope only to users in selected global groups

Remove Authenticated Users

Add appropriate global groups

• Must be global groups (GPOs don’t scope to domain local)

• Scope to users except for those in selected groups

On the Delegation tab, click Advanced

Add appropriate global groups

Deny Apply Group Policy permission

Does not appear on the Delegation tab or in filtering section

Page 49: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

WMI Filters

• Create a WMI filter

• WQL

Similar to T-SQL

Select * FROM Win32_OperatingSystem WHERE

Caption="Microsoft Windows XP Professional" AND

CSDVersion="Service Pack 3"

• Create a WMI filter

• Use the filter for one or more GPOs

Page 50: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Enable or Disable GPOs and GPO Nodes

• GPO Details tab GPO Status drop-down list

• Enabled: Both Computer Configuration and User Configuration settings will be applied by CSEs

• All settings disabled: CSEs will not process the GPO

• Computer Configuration settings disabled: CSEs will not process settings in Computer Configuration

• User Configuration settings disabled: CSEs will not process settings in User Configuration

Page 51: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Target Preferences

• Targeting within a GPO

Scope = scope of GPO

+scope of targeting

Only possible withpreferences

• Multiple options

• Test effect

• Test performanceimpact

Page 52: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Loopback Policy Processing

• At user logon, user settings from GPOs scoped to computer object are applied

Create a consistent user experience on a computer

Conference rooms, kiosks, computer labs, VDI, RDS, and so on

• Computer Configuration\Policies\Administrative Templates\System\Group Policy

User Group Policy loopback processing mode

• Replace mode

User gets none of the User settings that are scoped to the user and gets only the User settings that are scoped to computer

• Merge mode

User gets the User settings scoped to the user, but those settings are overlaid with User settings scoped to the computer. The computer settings prevail.

Page 53: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

ReplaceComputer B+KUser B+K

Computer BUser B

Computer CUser

LoopbackComputer KUser K

ComputerUser E

BusinessOU

Employees Groups Clients Kiosks

Computer B+CUser B+E

MergeComputer B+KUser E+B+K

Page 54: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Lesson 4: Group Policy Processing

• Detailed Review of Group Policy Processing

• Slow Links and Disconnected Systems

• Identify When Settings Take Effect

Page 55: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Detailed Review of Group Policy Processing

1. Computer starts; RPCSS and MUP are started

2. Group Policy Client starts and obtains an ordered list of GPOs that are scoped to the computer

• Local Site Domain OU Enforced GPOs

3. GPC processes each GPO in order

• Should it be applied? (enabled/disabled/permission/WMI filter)

• CSEs are triggered to process settings in GPO

• Settings configured as Enabled or Disabled are processed

4. User logs on

5. Process repeats for user settings

6. Every 90-120 minutes after startup, computer refresh

7. Every 90-120 minutes after logon, user refresh

Page 56: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Slow Links and Disconnected Systems

• Group Policy Client determines whether link to domain should be considered slow link

By default, less than 500 kilobits per second (kbps)

Each CSE can use determination of slow link to decide whether it should process

• Software CSE, for example, does not process

• Disconnected

Settings previously applied will continue to take effect

Exceptions include startup, logon, logoff, and shutdown scripts

• Connected

Windows Vista and newer operating systems detect new connection and perform Group Policy refresh if the refresh window was missed while the system was disconnected

Page 57: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Identify When Settings Take Effect

• GPO replication must happen

GPC and GPT must replicate

• Group changes must be incorporated

Logoff/logon for user; restart for computer

• Group Policy refresh must occur

Windows XP, Windows Vista, and Windows 7 clients

Always wait for network at startup and logon

• User must logoff or logon or the computer must restart for the settings to take effect

• Manually refresh: GPUpdate [/force] [/logoff] [/boot]

• Most CSEs do not reapply settings if GPO has not changed

Configure in Computer\Admin Templates\System\Group Policy

Page 58: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Lesson 5: Troubleshoot Policy Application

• Resultant Set of Policy

• Generate RSoP Reports

• Perform What-If Analyses with the Group Policy Modeling Wizard

• Examine Policy Event Logs

Page 59: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Resultant Set of Policy

• Inheritance, filters, loopback, and other policy scope and precedence factors are complex

• RSoP

The "end result" of policy application

Tools to help evaluate, model, and troubleshoot the application of Group Policy settings

• RSoP analysis

The Group Policy Results Wizard

The Group Policy Modeling Wizard

GPResult.exe

Page 60: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Generate RSoP Reports

• Group Policy Results Wizard

Queries WMI to report actual Group Policy application

• Requirements

Administrative credentials on the target computer

Access to WMI (firewall)

User must have logged on at least once

• RSoP report

Can be saved

View in Advanced mode

• Shows some settings that do not show in the HTML report

• View Group Policy processing events

• GPResult.exe /s ComputerName /h filename

Page 61: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Perform What-If Analyses with the Group Policy Modeling Wizard

• Group Policy Modeling Wizard

Emulates Group Policy application to report anticipated RSoP

Can be used prior to GPO application

Recommended in Group Policy design phase

Page 62: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Examine Policy Event Logs

• System log

High-level information about Group Policy

Errors elsewhere in the system that could impact Group Policy

• Application log

Events recorded by CSEs

• Group Policy Operational log

Detailed trace of Group Policy application

Page 63: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Module 3

Managing User Desktop withGroup Policy

Page 64: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Module Overview

•Implement Administrative Templates

•Configure Group Policy Preferences

•Manage Software with GPSI

•Folder Redirection

Page 65: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Lesson 1: Implement Administrative Templates

• What Are Administrative Templates?

• How Administrative Templates Work

• Managed Settings, Unmanaged Settings, and Preferences

• Central Store

Page 66: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

What Are Administrative Templates?

.ADMX

.ADML Registry

Page 67: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

How Administrative Templates Work

• Policy settings in the Administrative Templates node make changes to the registry

• HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System

DisableRegeditMode

• 1–Regedit UI tool only

• 2–Also disable regedit /s

Page 68: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Central Store

• .ADM files

Stored in the GPT

Leads to version control and GPO bloat problems

• .ADMX/.ADML files

Retrieved from the client

Problematic if the client doesn't have the appropriate files

• Central Store

Create a folder called PolicyDefinitions on a DC

• Remotely: \\contoso.com\SYSVOL\contoso.com\Policies\PolicyDefinitions

• Locally: %SystemRoot%\SYSVOL\contoso.com\Policies\PolicyDefinitions

Copy .ADMX files from your %SystemRoot%\PolicyDefinitions

Copy .ADML file from language-specific subfolders (such as en-us)

Page 69: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Lesson 2: Configure Group Policy Preferences

• What Are Group Policy Preferences?

• Differences Between Group Policy Preferences and Settings

Page 70: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

What Are Group Policy Preferences?

Group Policy preferences expand the range of configurable settings within a GPO and:

Features of Group Policy Preferences:

• Are not enforced

• Enable IT pros to configure, deploy, and manage operating system and application settings that were not manageable by using Group Policy

• Create: Create a new item on the targeted computer

• Delete: Remove an existing item from the targeted computer

• Replace: Delete and re-create an item on the targeted computer

• Update: Modify an existing item on the targeted computer

Page 71: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Differences Between Group Policy Preferences and Settings

Group Policy Preferences Group Policy Settings

Are written to the normal locations in the registry that the application or operating system feature uses to store the setting

Strictly enforce policy settings by writing the settings to areas of the registry that standard users cannot modify

Do not cause the application or operating system feature to disable the user interface for the settings they configure

Typically disable the user interface for settings that Group Policy is managing

Refresh preferences by using the same interval as Group Policy settings by default

Refresh policy settings at a regular interval

Are not available on local computers

Are available through local Group Policy

Page 72: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Lesson 3: Manage Software with GPSI

• Understand GPSI

• Software Deployment Options

• Create and Scope a Software Deployment GPO

• Maintain Software Deployed with GPSI

• GPSI and Slow Links

Page 73: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Understand GPSI (Group Policy Software Installation)

• Client-side extension (CSE)

• Installs supported packages

Windows Installer packages (.msi)

• Optionally modified by Transform (.mst) or patches (.msp)

• GPSI automatically installs with elevated privileges

Downlevel application package (.zap)

• Supported by “publish” option only

• Requires user to have admin privileges

System Center Configuration Manager and other deployment tools can support a wider variety of installation and configuration packages

• No “feedback”

No centralized indication of success or failure

No built-in metering, auditing, license management

Page 74: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Software Deployment Options

• Software deployment options

Assign application to users

• Start menu shortcuts appear

- Install-on-demand

• File associations made (optional “Auto Install”)

- Install-on-document invocation

• Optionally, configure to install at logon

Publish application to users

• Advertised in Programs And Features (Control Panel)

- Install-on-request

Assign to computers

• Install at startup

Page 75: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Preparation

1

Options for Deploying and Managing Software Using Group Policy

Deployment

1.0

2

Maintenance

2.0

3

Removal

4

Page 76: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

How Software Distribution Works

Windows Installer

Windows Installer service

Fully automates the software installation and configuration process

Modifies or repairs an existing application installation

Windows Installer package contains

Information about installing or uninstalling an application

An .msi file and any external source files

Summary information about the application

A reference to an installation pointBenefits of

Using

Windows

Installer

Custom installations

Resilient applications

Clean removal

Page 77: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Software Distribution Point

Options for Installing Software

Publish software using document activation

?

Publish software using Add or Remove Programs

Assign softwareduring Computer Configuration

Assign software during User Configuration

Page 78: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Maintaining Software Using Group Policy

Mandatory upgrade

Users can use only the upgraded version

Optional upgrade

Users can decide when to upgrade

Selective upgrade

You can select specific users for an upgrade

2.0

1.02.0

2.0

1.0

Deploy next version of the application

2.0

Page 79: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Create and Scope a Software Deployment GPO

• Computer [or User] Configuration \ Policies \ Software Settings \ Software Installation

Right-click New Package

Browse to .msi file through network path (\\server\share)

Choose deployment option(Recommended: Advanced)

• Managing the scope of asoftware deployment GPO

Typically easiest to manage withsecurity group filtering

Create an app group such as APP_XML Notepad

Put users into the group: allows users to access software share in the event that repairs or reinstalls are necessary

Put computers into the group if assigning to computers

Page 80: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Maintain Software Deployed with GPSI

• Redeploy application

After successful install, client will not attempt to reinstall app

You might make a change to the package

Package All Tasks Redeploy Application

• Upgrade application

Create new package in same or different GPO

Advanced Upgrades Select package to upgrade

Uninstall old version first; or install over old version

• Remove application

Package All Tasks Remove

Uninstall immediately (forced removal) orPrevent new installations (optional removal)

Don’t delete or unlink GPO until all clients have applied setting

Page 81: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

GPSI and Slow Links

• The Group Policy Client determines whether the domain controller providing GPOs is on the other side of a slow link

Less than 500 kbps by default

• Each CSE uses the “slow link” determination to decide whether to process

By default, GPSI does not process over a slow link

• You can change slow link processing behavior of each CSE

Computer Configuration\Policies\Administrative Templates\System\Group Policy

• You can change the slow link threshold

Computer [or User] Configuration\Policies\Administrative Templates\System\Group Policy

Page 82: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

What Is Folder Redirection?

Folder redirection allows folders to be located on a network server, but appear as if they are located on the local drive

The folders that can be redirected are:

• My Documents (Documents in Windows® Vista)

• Application Data (AppData in Windows Vista)

• Desktop

• Start Menu

• Contacts

• Downloads

• Favorites

• Searches

• Links

Extra folders that can be redirected in Windows Vista are:

Page 83: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Folder Redirection Configuration Options

AccountingUsers

AccountsN-Z

AccountsA-M

AccountingManagers

Anne

Misty

• Use basic Folder Redirection when all users save their files to the same location

• With advanced Folder Redirection, the server hosting the folder location is based on group membership

• Target folder location options:

• Redirect to the users’ home directory

• Create a folder for each user under the root path

• Redirect to the following location

• Redirect to the local userprofile location

Page 84: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

Options for Securing Redirected Folders

Full control - subfolders and files only

Administrator

Security group of users that put data on share

Local System

Creator/Owner

• None

• List Folder/Read Data, Create Folders/Append Data - This Folder Only

• Full control

NTFS permissions for root folder

Full control - subfolders and files onlyCreator/Owner Security group of users that put data on share

• Full control

Share permissions for root folder

%Username% • Full control, owner of folder

• None

• Full Control

NTFS permissions for each users’ redirected folder

Administrators

Local system

Full control - subfolders and files onlyCreator/Owner

Page 85: Lecture 3: Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS)rsmt.it.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/microsoft/Lecture_03.pdf · •Active Directory Domain Service (AD DS) ... Implementing a Group Policy Infrastructure

©2009 Microsoft, Microsoft Dynamics, the Office logo, and Your potential. Our passion. are trademarks of the Microsoft group of companies. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.


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